阅读猜测词义十种方法

阅读猜测词义十种方法在阅读中，我们会经常遇到一些生词，需要根据上下文猜测它们的词义。

此类问题考查考生紧扣原文，根据上下文语境判断单词、短语或短句意义的能力。

1．根据定义或解释猜测词义这类定义或解释通常由生词后的同位语（从句）或定语从句引出。

例：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient’s heartbeat and breathing（1）Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifter, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. （2）The best football, basketball and tennis players can become professional that means they will have a career in sports and will get money when they play.（3）Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.（4）The word “lefty” means a person who uses his or her left hand for writing, eating and other jobs.（5）Doctors recommended that everyone exercise every day, particular those who spend many hours doing sedentary activities like reading, typing or sewing.（6）A person who has the SARS （非典型肺炎）may have symptoms like coughing and a high temperature. 7. .Do you know what a “terri tory” is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims（声称）as its own.8. Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces . （2004年福建According to the passage ,The Pines is a . A．place in which you can see many mobile homes. B．mountain where you can get a good view of the valley. C．town which happens to be near the Banff National Park.D．restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food.9. Another habit which can slow your reading is called subvocalization. In this case your lips do not move, but you will “hear” each word in your head as you read silently.2．根据对比关系猜测词义；当句中含有but, however, yet, however, though, although, on the other hand, instead ,while, unlike, instead, rather than, on the contrary, in contrast with, despite, in spite of, 等表示转折意义的词时，前后句含有对比意义，据此可以猜测生词词义。

1.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I knew. His brother, in contrast, is quite modest.2. Written language tends to be static, while spoken language constantly changes.3. A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun. What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean? （2002年NMET）A.a party designed by specialistsB.a plan requiring careful thoughtC.a situation causing difficulty or troubleD.a demand made by guests4.One idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse, business polite, life itself is games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.A. Quite right.B. Time enough.C. Most unlike.D. Just the opposite.5. Unlike the Unite States where many different nationalities make up the population, Japan’s population is quite homogeneous.6. Thousands of people got stuck in lifts. But no one panicked, we passed the time telling stories.7. Most of us agreed; however, Gary dissented.8. He is homely, not at all as handsome as his brother.9. In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.3．根据因果关系猜测词义原因的表示法A. 并列连词：for，soB. 从属连词：because, since, now (that), as, so / such…thatC. 介词短语：because of, on account of, as a result of, as a consequence of, thanks to , owing to, due to, for thisreason,D. 动词短语 account for, result in+结果，result from +原因, lead to, cause, bring in, bring aboutE. 副词： therefore, thus, consequently, accordinglyF.介词：for (doing) sth1. I found I was paying too much attention to the job and thus sacrificing my study time.2. It rained, so the football match was postponed.3. …feel that since you are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .A ．full of respectB ．too confident and rudeC ．lacking in experienceD ．too shy and quiet4.Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, Ibought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell thedifference. 5. Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots,or young leaves.（2005年江西卷）4．根据同等关系猜测词义表示同等关系的信息词有：and, or, namely, that’s to say, inin other words, to be called, to mean, refer to, that is (to say), or, like, similar, to put it another way, to be precise 等。

1.His secret for a living and healthy life has been well publicized---no alcohol, no cigarette and no anger. 2. Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.3. Mr. Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious.4. Millions of animals die each year on Us roads, the Highway administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots , an endangered wild cat exist in the Us today. The main reason? Roadkill.5. Not every historic mansion , church, battle site, theatre and other public halls can be preserved.6. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar .7. Their friends laughed at them, and my sister feltIn other words, he says a few things by way of introduction.9.Most women in China ---educated and illiterated, urban and rural, the young and old-----work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.10. It will be very hard but also very brittle ―that is , it will break easily.5.根据同义词、近义词猜测词义这类同义词、近义词或反义词往往有and, or 等信息词作暗示。