中考被动语态学案设计(无答案)

中考被动语态详解

考情分析,中考对语态的考查侧重于以下几个方面：

①主动语态和被动语态的选择，含动词各种时态的被动语态形式，

②被动语态后的动词形式，

③主动意义表示被动意义的常见结构等等。

一、被动语态概念：

英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。当主语为动作的执行者时, 谓语的形式为主动语态; 当主语为动作的承受者时, 谓语要用被动语态。

e.g. Many people speak English.

（主动语态, 句子的主语many people是动作speak的执行者）

English is spoken by many people.

（被动语态, 句子的主语English是动作speak的承受者）

被动语态的用法

（1）当不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时

Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。

（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语

The cup was broken by David.

（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型

It’s said / reported / + that …据说/据报道

It’s reported that it will rain tomorrow.据报道，明天会下雨。

二、主动语态被变动语态的方法

We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态 主语

谓语 宾语 状语

That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态

主语 谓语 宾语 状语

(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由

宾格变为主格。

Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom.

(2) 把谓语变成被动结构(be ＋过去分词)

They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be 的形式)。

(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people.

They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是： 宾变主，主变宾，by 短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动，be 后“过分”来使用。

三、各个时态的被动语态（3个一般，1个完成）

1、一般现在时的被动语态结构：

→→

is/are+过去分词

1.Many students study English.

English is studied by many students.

2.They make shoes in that factory.

Shoes are made by them in that factory

思考

1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

2.将主动语态的谓语动词由主动变为被动

3.将主动语态的主语变为被动语态中介词by的宾语放在谓动词之后运用一下吧

（1）.They play football on Sunday.

_____________________________________________

（2）They often use computers in class.

_____________________________________________

（3）We make these machines in Beijing.

_____________________________________________

2、一般过去时的被动语态结构：

was/were +过去分词

（1）They bought a computer last term．

A computer was bought by them last term.

（2）We planted many trees last year.

Many trees were planted last year.

运用一下吧

（1）.They built the tall building last year.

____________________________________________（2）.He took good care of his little brother yesterday. ____________________________________________（3）We cleaned our classroom just now.

____________________________________________（4）.They used the rooms for resting.

____________________________________________

3、.一般将来时的被动语态结构：

be going to be/will be+过去分词

（1）They will finish the work in ten days.

The work will be finished by them in ten days.

（2）Tom is going to clean the room tomorrow. The room is going to be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.运用一下吧

（1）We will hold a sports meeting next week.

____________________________________________