2020职称英语补全短文练习题(1)
2020职称英语补全短文练习题(1)
2020职称英语补全短文练习题(1)The Invader of AIDSThe invader is small, even in the microscopic world of bacteria and viruses. It is alive only in the strictest sense of the world. It had no intelligence, no means of mobility, no methods of defense in the outside world. It is fragile, easily killed by common household bleach(漂白剂)and even short periods outside the body. 1 . It is the AIDS virus, and it is a killer.AIDS is a disease, caused by a virus that breaks down part of the body’s immune system, leaving a person defenseless against a variety of unusual life-threatening illnesses.2 . The body’s immune system normally provides us the weapons we need to win constant battles with invading viruses, bacteria and other invading organisms. His defense system is powerful but not perfect. 3 . We do not even know that anything is happening.But the AIDS virus acts differently from other invaders. It attacks the very cells that normally protect us. 4 . It turns our own white blood cells into mini-factories or making more viruses. Each time a cell is taken over, it fills up with thousands of new viruses, dies and releases those viruses, with attack more white blood cells. After enough attacks, our defense system is weakened and certaininfections and conditions that we normally fight off with no problem take advantage of his weakness.5 . The person dies. There are no cure for AIDS, so learning about the disease and how to avoid it are our only weapons.A Yet it may be the most dangerous enemy in human historyB Whatever condition develops because of AIDS, the outcome is always the sameC It gets inside these cells into mini factors or making more virusD Each of the letters in AIDS stands for a word：Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeE The patients who suffer from AIDS have characteristic featuresF Most attacks are detected and beaten off with ease参考答案1 A2 D3 F4 C5 B。
2020年职称英语卫生类补全短文精选练习题(1)
2020年职称英语卫生类补全短文精选练习题（1）What we take from and give to the seaAs long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.We take fishes from the ocean – millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. __1__. We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. __2__. Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. __3__. Seaweed becomes foodof many kinds – even candy, and ice cream – as well as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is anther gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. __4__. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. __5__. Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water we pour into it,we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.A.Natural sponges become cleaning aids.B.We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.C.The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.D.Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.E.We even use their bones for fertilizer.F.Some of its contents may cause illness.答案与解析：1.分析文章标题：What we take(获得，拿走) from and give(给，授予) to the sea(大海)2.分析被选项小标题(找出小标题中的篇章词汇：代词/定冠词结构，篇章逻辑词)：A Natural sponges become cleaning aids.B We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.C The area(区域，范围) of the sea (海洋)is becoming smaller and smaller.D Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.E We even use their bones (骨头)for fertilizer(肥料).F Some of its contents may cause illness.提示1：被选项中的篇章词汇必须要在空格前文中有呼应的内容(篇章)，这样被选项才可能是空格处的答案;提示2：被选项中只要有两处或两处以上的词语及结构与空格前后语句中的词语与结构形成呼应(同一个单词的反复再现，家族词汇的呼应，近义词/反义词之间的呼应，主题相关词的呼应，句子结构形成排比结构)，则该被选项很可能就是答案;3.直接解题：A Natural sponges become cleaning aids.B We pollute(污染) the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump(垃圾堆).C The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.D Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.E We even(甚至) use their bones (骨头)for fertilizer(肥料).F Some of its contents may cause illness.。
2020年职称英语综合类考试补全短文习题(1)
2020年职称英语综合类考试补全短文习题（1）The roadrunner （走雀） lives in the desert zone of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico._____（1）People gave it its name because they usually see it running across a road,but of course,it spends more time among the plants of the desert than it does on roads.The roadrunner is quite a large bird - about 45 centimeters long and 25 centimeters high._____（2） It holds its head straight out in front and its tail sticks straight out in back.It takes long steps and can run 30 kilometers an hour.It eats an amazing variety of food.Although it eats plants once in a while,it is mostly a meat eater.Most of its diet is insects,but it also catches birds,mice,and other small animals.It is even brave enough to catch snakes and black widow spiders （蜘蛛）。
_____（3） When he finds one,he gives her presents - a snake to eat or a tiny branch of a tree to use in building a nest.Then they build their nest,the female lays eggs,and they raise their young._____（4） One couple in Arizona feeds a pair of roadrunners that come once at a time every day and make a noise outside the window.If someone doesn't give the bird a piece of hamburger immediately,the bird knocks on the window with its beak （喙）.Roadrunners are not shy._____（5） They will stand on a chair or table and watch television,and they seem really interested in what is happening on the program.A Roadrunners can also become friendly with peopleB People laugh when it runs because it looks so funnyC It is a bird,but it can only fly about as much as a chicken canD In early spring,the bird doesn't eat anythingE Another couple feeds a pair of roadrunners that go right into the houseF In the spring,a male roadrunner begins looking for a female as a mate.[参考答案]1.C 2.B 3.F 4.A 5.E。
2020年职称英语综合类B级补全短文练习题(1)
2020年职称英语综合类B级补全短文练习题(1)补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
请将答案涂在答题卡相对应的位置上。
Read With Greater SpeedDo you have difficulty reading in class? If so, a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain.At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects. (1)Researchers from Yale University, US, studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut State. As part of the study, 37 struggling readers received special tutoring.Every day, instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes (音素). (2)By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year.As part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students' brains.(3) This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read. This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive.A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gore through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading tests (4)However, some researchers still doubt the study.(5)A Many adults are interested in matching sounds with lettersB The students also practiced reading aloud and spellingC The biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters.D Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn't show the same progress.E The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side.F They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.答案：1. C 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. F。
2020年职称英语理工类补全短文训练题(1)
2020年职称英语理工类补全短文训练题（1）The development of agriculture and the balance betweenfood and population are china's fundamental economic problems.The classical histories praise emperors for devotion to agriculture and much of china’s modern history is ____（1）____,which has been growing steadily.Today,although agriculture accounts for only a quarter of the gross national product,it is still the main determinantof the standard of living and the principal occupation of at least 70 percent of population.Agriculture also _____（2）____ because industry needsboth agricultural raw materials and food for its workforce.the failure of agriculture to supply raw material and food halted and later reversed the industrial progress of the 1950's,after 1960 new emphasis was placed on agriculture,and the slogan "agriculture is the foundation of the economy"has remained a central chinese economic policy ever since.___（3）___,there is an indirect link due to the relationship between agriculture and foreign trade.many of china's exports are ___（4）___ or consumer goods based on them.flourishing agriculture,therefore,promotes exports.italso reduces the need to spend foreign exchange on imports of grain and cotton,therefore __（5）___.练习：a determines the progress of industryb the story of the unfolding struggle to feed a peasant populationc either agricultural raw materialsd enlarging the capacity of the economy to import machinery and commodities for industrye in addition to the direct links between agriculture and industryf thus promoting both import and exportkey ： BAFCD。
2020职称英语《综合类》补全短文练习题(1)
2020职称英语《综合类》补全短文练习题(1)Taking a Nap During the DayMedical experts say most Americans do not get 1sleep.They say more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day.They are advising people to sleep lightly before 2 with other activities.One study earlier this year found that persons who sleep for a few minutes during the day were less 3 to die of disease.The study followed more than 2，300 Greek adults 4 about six years.Adult who rested for half an hour 5 three times a week had a 37 percent lower risk of dying from heart disease than those who did not nap.Study organizers said the strongest evidence was in working men.They said naps might improve 6 by mitigating tension caused by work.Some European and Latin American businesses have supported the 7 of napping for many years.They urge people to 8 work,go home and have a nap before returning.In the United States,some companies let workers rest briefly in their offices.They believe this reduces in their offices.They believe this reduces 9 and accidents,and 10increases the amount of work a person can do.Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times1.They say people should not carry out important duties when they feel 11 .And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap.About twenty minutes of rest is 12 you need.Experts say this providesextra energy and can increase your effectiveness 13 the end of the day.But experts warn that a nap 14 last no more than twenty to thirty minutes.A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep2 and waking up3 will be 15词汇：Nap n.打盹 mitigate v.减价urge v.催促，劝告注释：1.people make more mistakes at work than at other times：人们在工作(时间)中出错的概率比其它的时间要多。
2020年职称英语卫生类考试C级补全短文练习题(1)
2020年职称英语卫生类考试C级补全短文练习题(1) Development in Newspaper Organization÷One of the most important developments in newspaper organization during the first part of the twentieth century ______(1)_______, which are known as wire services. Wire-service companies employed reporters, who covered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papers throughout the country by telegraph. The papers paid an annual fee for this service. Wire services continue_______(2)________. Today the major wire services are the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International (UPI). You will frequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story.Newspaper chains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. A chain consists of two or more newspapers_______(3)______. A merger involves combining two or more papers into one. During the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and_______(4)______. Often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain. Papers have combined ________(5)_______. Chains and mergers have cut down production costs and brought the advantages of big-business methods to the newspaper industry.A. to play an important role in newspaper operationsB. was the growth of telegraph servicesC. and they usually enjoy great prestigeD. they are usually operated by a single ownerE. in order to survive under the pressure of rising costsF. owned by a single person or organizationKEY： BAFDE。
2020职称英语卫生类B级补全短文真题及答案
2020职称英语卫生类B级补全短文真题及答案第5部分：补全短文(第46——50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
For centuries, people have wondered aboutthe strangethings that they dream about. Some psychologists say that thisnighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, thinkthat dreams arena important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believethat dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thoughtthat dreams contained messages from God. ___E________ (46)The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud,was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famousbook, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams arean expression of a person’s wishes. Hebelieved that dreams allow people to expressthe feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once astudent of Freud’s. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jungbelieved that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to thedreamer. ______F_____(47) For example, people who dream about falling may learnthat they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people whodream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue todevelop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff fromthe University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightlylinked to a person’s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. ______C_____(48)Domhoff believes that there is a connectionbetween dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as muchas adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mentalskill that needs time todevelop.He has also found a link between dreams andgender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. ____A_______(49)Thisis not true of women’s dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in thedreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditionalones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves?Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in differentways._____D______(50)The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that someterrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that theworld of dreams is not the real world.A. For example, the people in men's dreamsare often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.B. Men and women dream about differentthings.C. A criminal, for example, might dream aboutcrime.D. However, one thing they agree on this：If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.E. It was only in the twentieth centurythat people started to study dreams in a scientific way.F. He thought people could learn more aboutthemselves bythinking about their dreams.。
2020职称英语理工类考试补全短文练习(1)
2020职称英语理工类考试补全短文练习（1）Good WritingLike fine food,good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last.(46) Quite the contrary,just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training,mastering the skills of his trade,the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing,whatever its purpose--school work,matters of business,or purely social communication.(47)There are still some remote places in the world where you might find someone to do your business or social writing for you,for a fee.There are a few managers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from.(48)We have to write school papers,business papers or home papers.We are constantly called on to put words to paper.It would be difficult to count the number of suchwords,messages,letters,and reports put to the mails or delivered by hand,but the daily figure must be enormous.(49) We want to arouse and hold the interest ofreaders.We want whatever we write to be read,from first word to last,not thrown into some "letters-to-be-read" file orinto a wastepaper basket.(50)A.But for most of us,if there is any writing to be done,we have to do it ourselves.B.However,the managers may sometimes cause the writers a lot of trouble.C.Any good writers,like good cooks,do not suddenly appear full-blown(成熟的)D.What is more,everyone who writes expects,or at least hopes,that his writing will be read.E.This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practising the skills of interesting,effective writing.F.You may be sure that the greater the effort,the more effective the writing,and the more rewarding.答案：CFADE。
2020年职称英语《卫生类》补全短文加强练习题(1)
2020年职称英语《卫生类》补全短文加强练习题（1）The black robin （旅鸫） is one of the world's rarest birds.It is a small,wild bird,and it lives only on the islandof Little Mangere,off the coast of New Zealand.In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there； in 1977 there werefewer than ten.__________（46）Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin.__________（47） The idea is to buy another islandnearby as a special home,a "reserve",for threatened wildlife,including black robins.The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked （重新准备） with therobin's food.Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New Zealand.Is all this concern a waste of human effort?__________（48） Are we losing our sense of what is reasonable and whatis unreasonable?In the earth's long,long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved,risen to a degree of success and died out.In the long,long future there will be many new anddifferent forms of life.Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time.__________（49） This is nature's proven method of operation.The rule of selection——"the survival of the fittest"——is the one by which human beings have themselves arrived on the scene.We,being one of the most adaptable creatures theearth has yet produced,may last longer than most.__________ （50） You may take it as another rule that when,atlast,human beings show signs of dying out,no other creature will extend a paw （爪） to postpone our departure.On the contrary,we will be hurried out.Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins.I leave you to judge whether we should try to do anything about it.A Some creatures,certain small animals,insects and birds,will almost certainly outlast （比…长久） man,for they seem even more adaptable.B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C Detailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money has been made.D Both represent orders in the classification of life.E Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out?F These are the only black robins left in the world.参考答案：F C E B A。
2020年职称英语综合类补全短文训练题(1)
2020年职称英语综合类补全短文训练题（1）Teamwork in TourismGrowing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all ernment bureaus,trade and travel associations,carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum3 conditions for travelers.（1）They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services,and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and in preparing effective advertisingcampaigns.They distribute materials to agencies,such as journals,brochures and advertising projects.（2）Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling.（3）Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts,considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement.（4）（5）Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers,and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours.All services must work together for greater efficiency,fair pricing and contented customers.注释：concerned：作定语时常常放在所修饰的词或短语的后面,表示“相关的”。
2020年职称英语理工类补全短文模拟习题及答案(1)完整篇.doc
2017年职称英语理工类补全短文模拟习题及答案（1）Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label if they proved1 to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. And no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be built until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit are scientifically evaluated, he said. “Nobody’s going to drop dead overnight2 but we should be asking for more scientific information，”Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. ____1____A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill-effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3. 3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by 2,000 a day3. ____2____As well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density residential areas5. ____3____The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a500 metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children. ____4____ He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.____5____ According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable for the major telephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to set up a wide-ranging inquiry into possible health effects.练习：A He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults6.B By the year 20004 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones ：nearly one for every two people.C “If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,”he said.D Then who finances the research?E For example, Telstra, Optus and V odaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community.F The conclusion is that mobile phones brings more harm than benefit.答案与题解：1.C “空1”应该填入与low-level radiation有关的内容，例如：low-level radiation究竟有害还是无害。
2020年职称英语理工类C级补全短文练习题(1)
2020年职称英语理工类C级补全短文练习题（1）The Building of the PyramidsThe oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids.46 There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile，some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids.The most famous of these arethe“Step”pyramid and the“Bent”pyramid.Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of yearsago.Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or，more often，fore stone to use in modern buildings.47 These are good reasons why they can still be seen today，hut perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever.48 However，there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves.49 Nevertheless，by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found，archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.One thing is certain： there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build.50 You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around，but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere.Certain rules had to be followed，and certain problems had to be overcome.A.The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids，and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.B.It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.C.The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.D.Consequently，we are only able to guess at the methods used.E.Many people were killed while building the pyramids.F.They have stood for nearly 5，000 years，and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.参考答案：46.F，第一句话说金字塔是世界上最古老的石头建筑，F说：“它们已经屹立了将近五千年并且似乎会继续存有数千年”，以实际数字说明了第一句，所以应选F.47.A，A说：“埃及干燥的气候有助于保持金字塔，金字塔自身的形状也使之不容易毁坏。
2020年职称英语卫生类补全短文模拟习题及答案(1)
2020年职称英语卫生类补全短文模拟习题及答案（1）Weight Worries May Start Early for Slim WomenThere is a range of reasons1 why thin women think they're too heavy,but the distorted body image may often have itsroots in childhood,the results of a new study suggest.Researchers found that among more than 2，400 thin women they surveyed,nearly 10 percent thought they were too heavy.____1 ____According to the study authors,led by Dr. Susanne Kruger Kjaer of the Danish Cancer Society,Copenhagen,society's "ideal" female body is moving toward an underweight physique.____2 ____To investigate body image among thin women,theresearchers gave questionnaires to 2，443 women ages 27 to 38 whose body mass index2 was at the low end of normal3. ____3____Overall,almost 10 percent of the women thought they were too heavy. Those who reported certain "severe life events" in childhood or adolescence,such as having a parent become illor having their educational hopes dashed,were more likelythan others to have a distorted body image. ____4 ____In contrast,traumatic events in adulthood,such as serious illness or significant marital problems,were not related to poor body image,the researchers report. ____5 ____练习：A. The same was true of4 women who started having sex or drinking alcohol when they were younger than 15 years old.B. Experiences in childhood,including having an ill parent,or starting to drink or have sex at a particularly young age,were among the risk factors for having a distorted body image.C. "Our results indicate that the risk of being dissatisfied with （one's） own body weight may be established early in life，" Kjaer and her colleagues write.D. Research suggests that many normal-weight women wish to weigh less.E. If worries have altered your appetite or weight,it will help to talk to someone about it.F. The women were asked about factors ranging from childhood experiences to current exercise habits.答案与题解：1.B 文章第一段已经提到，使身体瘦削的女性自认为身体肥胖的原因有很多，但一项新的研究表明，对身体形象所存有的不准确的态度有可能与儿时的经历相关。
2020年职称英语《综合A》补全短文真题
2020年职称英语《综合A》补全短文真题第5部分：补全短文(第46——50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，请根据短文内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
SaunaCeremonial (仪式性的) bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna.The Finns have perfected the steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. (46) Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few people today say that the smoke sauna, “savusauna”, is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. (47) Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving.Those with muscle aches or arthritis (关节炎) may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation (炎症).Asthma (气喘) patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion (阻塞) arid speed recovery time. The body’s core temperature usually rises a 1-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. (48)The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying “feed a cold, starve a fever”. The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body’s physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system gets a work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. (49) Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor’s advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. (50) Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.。
2020职称英语考试综合类补全短文强化模拟试题(1)
2020职称英语考试综合类补全短文强化模拟试题(1) Little Lady Starts Big WarHarriet Beecher Stowe had poured her heart into her anti-slavery book "Uncle Tom's Cabin." (46) The publisher was so doubtful that he wanted her to split the publishing costswith him, and all she hoped was that it would make enough money for her to buy a new silk dress.But when the first 5,000 copies were printed in 1852.They sold out in two days. In a year the book had sold300,000 copies in the United States and150,000 in England. (47) Within six months of its release, a play was made fromthe book which ran 350 performances in New York and remained America's most popular play for 80 years. It might appearthat "Uncle Tom's Cabins was universally popular, but thiswas certainly not true. Many people during those pre-CivilWar days--particularly defenders of the slavery system--condemned it as false propaganda and poorly written melodrama (传奇剧作品).Harriet did have strong religious views against slavery (When asked how she came to write the book, she replied："God wrote it."), and she tried to convince people slaverywas wrong, so perhaps the book could be considered propaganda.(48)Though she was born in Connecticut in 1832, as a young woman she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, when her father accepted the presidency of newly founded Lane Theological Seminary (神学院). Ohio was a free state, but just across the Ohio Riverin Kentucky, Harriet saw slavery in action. (49) In 1851, Harriet Beecher Stowe began her book.职称英语培训Its vast influence strengthened the anti-slavery movement and angered defenders of the slave system. (50)In fact, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet at the White House during the Civil War, he said, "So, this is the little lady who started this big war."A She had read a lot about the slavery system.B Today some historians think that it helped bring on the American Civil War.C But if so, it was true propaganda, because itaccurately described the evils of slavery.D For a while it outsold every book in the world, except the Bible.E But neither she nor her first publisher thought itwould be a big success.F She lived 18 years in Cincinnati, marrying Calvin Stowe, professor of a college.答案：E D C F B。
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2020 职称英语补全短文练习题(1) The Invader of AIDS
The invader is small, even in the microscopic world of bacteria and viruses. It is alive only in the strictest sense of the world. It had no intelligence, no means of mobility, no methods of defense in the outside world. It is fragile, easily killed by com mon household bleach（漂白剂）a nd eve n
short periods outside the body. 1 . It is the AIDS virus, and it is a killer.
AIDS is a disease, caused by a virus that breaks down part of the body 's immune system, leaving a person defenseless against a variety of unusual life-threatening illnesses.2 . The body 's immune system normally provides us the weapons we need to win constant battles with invading viruses, bacteria and other invading organisms. His defense system is powerful but not perfect. 3 . We do not even know that anything is happening.
But the AIDS virus acts differently from other invaders. It attacks the very cells that normally protect us. 4 . It turns our own white blood cells into mini-factories or making more viruses. Each time a cell is taken over, it fills up with thousands of new viruses, dies and releases those viruses, with attack more white blood cells. After enough attacks, our defense system is weakened and certain infections and conditions that we normally fight off with no problem take advantage of his weakness.
5 . The person dies. There are no cure for AIDS, so learning about the disease and how to avoid it are our only weapons.
A Yet it may be the most dangerous enemy in human history
B Whatever condition develops because of AIDS, the outcome is always the same
C It gets inside these cells into mini factors or making more virus
D Each of the letters in AIDS stands for a word ：Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome
E The patients who suffer from AIDS have characteristic features
F Most attacks are detected and beaten off with ease
参考答案。