高考英语细节题习题

2006安徽卷People fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor in 1944, when she starred in National Velvet– the story of Velvet Brown, a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race. At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet. However, they waited for her for a few months as she exercised and trained – and added three inches to her height in four months! Her acting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress.Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932. Her parents, both Americans, had moved there for business reasons. When World War II started, the Taylors moved to Beverly Hills, California, and there Elizabeth started acting in movies. After her success as a child star, Taylor had no trouble moving into adult(成人) roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butter field 8(1960) and Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966)Taylor’s fame(名声) and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, so she was able to demand very high pay for her movies. In 1963, she received $1million for her part in Cleopatra– the highest pay received by any star up to that time.Elizabeth Taylor is a legend(传奇人物) of our time. Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet, she has been lucky: she has beauty, fame and wealth. But she is also a hard worker. Taylor seldom acts in movies any more. Instead, she puts her time and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others – several years ago, she founded an organization that has raised more than $40million for research and education.60. The producers didn’t let Taylor play the part of Velvet at first because they thought she .A.was small in sizeB. was too youngC. did not play well enoughD.did not show much interest 2008浙江卷A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce(确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead students aren’t used to the early hour. “Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,”says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problems of adolescent(青春期的) sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time on adolescents. And, at a more basic level, she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns.Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, not less, as commonly thought.Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at night and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice—their bodies are going through a change of sleep patterns.All of this makes the transfer from middle school to high school—which may start one hour earlier in the morning—all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescents are up against difficulties when it comes to trying to be up by 5 or 6am for a 7:30am first bell. A short sleep ona desktop may be their body’s way of saying, “I need a timeout.”48. Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because .A. it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtimeB. it is biologically difficult for students to rise earlyC. students work so late at night that they can’t get up earlyD. students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early2008全国卷IIt is often necessary to release a fish, that is, set it free after catching, because it is too small, or you just don’t want to take it home to eat. In some cases, releasing fish is a good measure that will help keep fish variety and build their population size. The Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (DGIF) encourages fishermen who practice catch-and-release fishing to use a few simple skills when doing so. The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day. —When catching a fish, play it quickly and keep the fish in the water as much as possible.Don’t’ use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it from dying.—Hold the fish gently. Do not put your fingers in its eyes. Don’t wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.—Remove your hook (鱼钩) quickly. If the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach, cut the line and leave the hook in. The hook left inside will cause no serious problem to the fish.—Take good care of the fish by moving it gently in water. Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.—Do not hold fish in a bucket or some other containers and later decide to release it. If you are going to release a fish, do so right away.With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.64. People sometimes set a fish free after catching it because they _________A. don’t want it to dieB. hope it will grow quicklyC. don’t want to have it as foodD. want to practice their fishing skills65. Which of the following will probably make a fish ill?A. Taking the hook off it.B. Removing its scales.C. Touching its eyesD. Holding it in your hand.66. A proper way to release a fish is to _________.A .move it in water till it can swim B. take the hook out of its stomachC. keep it in a bucket for some timeD. let it struggle a little in your hand 2009辽宁卷A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.Grimsvotn is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What make Grimsvotn different is that it lies under a huge glacier(冰川) of ice up to 12 meters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer(层) of water between the glacier and the volcano. This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable. As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava(岩浆) from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what happened today.Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. According to KLM, one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane.The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp, glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash-covered grass or the sharp objects.65.What keeps Grimsvotn still?A.The slow flow of water.B. The low water temperature.C. The thick glacier.D. The water pressure.66.Which of the following is the result of the volcanic eruption?A.People stop traveling in Europe.B. Airlines suffer from the loss of planes.C. It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside.D. Farmers have lost many of their animals.2009浙江卷Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away—or even chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when they’re attracted. Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器).The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage—by insects or with a hole punch—had been done to the tomato leaves.With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.49. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by .A. making some soundsB. waving their leavesC. producing some chemicalsD. sending out electronic signals50. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?A. They presented it with all common crops.B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.C. They collected different damaged leaves.D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.51. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can .A. pick out ripe fruitsB. spot the insects quicklyC. distinguish different damages to the leavesD. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves。