中古英语时期：Geoffrey_Chaucer_(杰弗里。乔叟)

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II. Literary Career
1. The first or the French period (1360-1372)
1) The Romaunt of the Rose 《玫瑰传奇》 a translation, popular in Middle ages 2) The Book of the Duchess 《悼公爵夫人》 the best work of the time 2. The second or the Italian period (1372-1386) Troilus and Criseyde 《特罗伊洛斯和克瑞西德》 a poem of a love story
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The representative writer in the Medieval English literature 无忧PPT 整理发布
Geoffrey Chaucer
• Fourteenth-century English poet and public servant. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote verse renowned for its humor, understanding of human character, and innovations in poetic vocabulary and meter. His masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales (1387-1400), tells the tale of English people on a pilgrimage to Saint Thomas à Becket’s shrine at Canterbury. The pilgrims emerge as complex characters through the stories they tell and through their interactions, which serve as transitions between the different tales. This excerpt from the Tales comes from “The General Prologue,” in which Chaucer introduces the characters and establishes the framework of the poem. •
Part III
Geoffrey Chaucer
（1340？-1400）杰弗里· 乔叟
I. Chaucer’s Life II. Chaucer’s Literary Career III. The Canterbury Tales
IV. Chaucer’s Contribution
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Heroic Couplet: the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. (英雄双韵体) Iambic Pentameter: is the most common English meter, in which each foot contains an unaccented syllable and an accented syllable. (五音步抑扬格 )
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III. The Canterbury Tales
1. It has 24 stories. 2.It is the description of the pilgrims（ 朝圣者 ）who tell stories. 3. It is about the life of ordinary people. 4. It gives vivid characters, with humor and satire（讽刺）.
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Theme
• Chaucer is influenced by the early Italian Renaissance, and he believes in man’s right to pursue earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions and a blind belief in fate. He is always keen to praises man’s energy, adroitness, intellect, quick wit and love of life. He exposes and satirizes the social evils, esp. the religious abuses.
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8. The significance of The Canterbury Tales 1).It gives a comprehensive picture of Chaucer’s time. The gentle class--- the burgher（市民）---- the professionals 2). The dramatic structure of the poem: the stories are well woven by “links”. 3). Chaucer’s humor----- characteristics feature of English literature ---- gentle satire and mild irony.
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IV. Chaucer’s Contribution
1. He introduced from Italy and France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (heroic couplet) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. 2. He was the first great poet who wrote in English language (Middle English), thus establishing English as the literary language. 3. He did much in making the London dialect 无忧PPT整理发布 the foundation for modern English language.
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I. Chaucer’s Life
Chaucer’s active career as courtier(侍臣), soldier, diplomat, and civil servant provided him not only with knowledge but also experiences which accounted for the wide range of his writings.
Some previous literary sources
• Boccaccio薄伽丘(Giovanni, 1313-1375, 文艺复 兴时期意大利作家, Decameron《十日谈》的作 者) • Dante 但丁(意大利诗人,1265-1321) • Ovid: Roman poet known for his explorations of love, especially the Art of Love (c. 1 b.c. ) and Metamorphoses (c. a.d. 8). 奥维德：公元前 43 年- 公元 17年罗马诗人，以其对爱的研究，尤其 是《爱的艺术》（公元前1年 )和《变形记》（公 元 8年）而闻名。
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3. The third or the English period, his best period (1387-1400) The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》 His masterpiece and a representative works of the Middle Ages.