词汇与语法结构(一)

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大学英语辅导-词汇与语法结构

• 2．由and连接两个先行词时，代词用复数。
• 3．当each, everyone, everybody, no one, none, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody,用作主语或主语限定词时，其相应的代词一般用单数形式。
• 4．当everything, anything, something, nothing等用作主语时，句中相应的代词一般只按语法一致的原则，用单数形式。
from 1981 to 1985。 • by 表示“到某时止”，“在某时之前”。如：by the end of this
month。
• B．表示地点的介词
• 1. in, at
• in 表示教大的地方或场所，at表示教小的地方或场所。如：in London, at the airport等。
• 2. to, towards, for
• A. keep
B. take
• C. change
D. give
• Spring up 出现
• Take one’s place取代
•B
• Change vi
• Change into
Vocabulary and Structure :
（一）词法（包括名词、动词、形容词和副词、代词、冠词、连词、数词、介词）
• 2．一般过去时态
• 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。形式为: V-ed。例如：
• I bought this computer five years ago. 五年前我买了这太电脑。

词汇与语法结构—名词+冠词+代词

*个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词
（Countable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计
算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。
名词分类表
1.1 名词复数的规则变化
1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化
1) 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复
但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

1.3 名词复数的不规则变化
3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，
6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域， fishes（各种）鱼
1.4 不可数名词量的表示
1）物质名词 a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。
比较：Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。 (不可数) These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。 (可数)
数时，直接加s变复数：
如： two Marys
the Henrys
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
比较：层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories
2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： a. 加s，如： photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos； b. 加es，如：heroes; negroes; potato—potatoes;

词汇与语法

主谓结构通常出现在句子的开始位置，为整个句子奠定基础
宾语：句子中表示动作、行为的对象或结果的部分
补语：句子中补充说明宾语或主语的部分，通常表示动
作的方式、时间、地点等
状语：修饰动词、形容词或整个句子的成分，表示时间、地点、方式等定语：修饰名词或代词，表示品质、特征、所属等状语和定语在句子中起到描述和限定的作用正确使用状语和定语可以提高语言表达的准确性和丰富性
主语、谓语、宾语是句子的主要成分定语、状语、补语是句子的次要成分句子成分的顺序是主语、谓语、宾语，然后是定语、状语、补语句子成分的顺序是遵循一定的规则和习惯的
并列复合句：由两个或两个以上的简单句并列组成，表达相对独立的含义。主从复合句：由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成，从句在句中充当主句的一个成分。嵌套复合句：一个复合句中包含另一个复合句，形成嵌套结构。包孕复合句：一个复合句包含另一个简单句，形成包孕结构。
练习建议：多阅读，多写作，提高语言运用能力
缺少主语或谓语
句子成分多余或残缺
语序不当句式杂糅
词汇选择：根据语境选择合适的词汇，表达准确含义
语法结构：运用正确的语法结构，使句子通顺流畅
词汇丰富度：使用多样化的词汇，增加语言表达的丰富性
语法准确性：确保语法正确，避免产生歧义或误解
理解句子含义：通过词汇和语法的组合，理解句子的具体含义。
添加标题添加标题添加标题添加标题
定义：主语和谓语在人称、数、格等方面不一致的语法错误。
常见类型：主语是复数形式，谓语却是单数形式；主语是单数形式，谓语却是复数形式。
纠正方法：检查主谓是否一致，确保在语法和语义上都符合规范。
示例：正确的句子：“The books are on the shelf.”（书在架子上。）错误的句子：“The book is on the shelf.”（书在架子上。）

学位英语考试真题及答案解析(一)

学位英语考试真题及答案解析(一)一、词汇与语法结构A) I am looking forward to _______ with you next week.A) meet B) meeting C) meets D) to meet答案：B解析：本题考查的是动词的用法。

动词短语“look forward to”后面应该跟动名词形式，因此选项B“meeting”是正确的。

A) _______ is important to learn a foreign language.A) Practice B) Practicing C) Practices D) Practiced答案：A解析：本题考查的是主语和谓语动词的一致性。

主语“Practice”是名词，因此谓语动词应该用单数形式，选项A“Practice”是正确的。

A) _______ he said, I don't believe him.A) Although B) However C) Whatever D) No matter what答案：C解析：本题考查的是连词的用法。

根据句意，我们需要一个表示“无论他说什么”的连词，因此选项C“Whatever”是正确的。

二、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。

One of the major risks of the Internet is the issue of privacy. With the amount of personal information we share online, there is a possibility that our data could be misusedor stolen. It is important for us to be cautious and take necessary measures to protect our privacy.Another challenge is the spread of misinformation. The Internet allows anyone to publish information, which meansthat not all of it is reliable or accurate. It is crucial for us to develop critical thinking skills and verify the sources of information before accepting it as true.In conclusion, while the Internet has its risks and challenges, it is an indispensable tool in our modern society. By being aware of these risks and taking necessary precautions, we can fully enjoy the benefits it offers.A) The Internet has only brought disadvantages to our lives.B) It is not important to protect our privacy online.D) The Internet has provided us with a vast amount of information.答案：D解析：根据短文一段的内容，我们可以得知选项D是正确的，因为短文提到互联网为我们提供了大量的信息。

人教版高一英语必修一unit第1次课词汇与语法讲义

高一英语上第1次课教学目标：1.掌握unit1重点词组及词汇2.掌握直接引语变间接引语（一）3.综合训练—阅读理解一、词汇记忆①单词听写：1. upset 不安的2. loose 松的，松开的3. thunder 雷声，打雷4. power 能力，能量，权利5. dusty 积满灰尘的6. settle 安家，定居，使定居7. highway 公路，大路8. pack 捆扎，包装，打包行李9. overcoat 大衣，外套10. exactly 确实如此，正是11. grateful 感激的，表示感谢的12. tip 提示；技巧；小费②词组听写：1. add up 合计2. be concerned about 关心，挂念3. a series of 一连串，一系列，一套4. at dusk 在黄昏时刻5. no longer /not…any more 不再…6. get/be tired of 对……厌烦7. fall in love with 相爱，爱上8. calm……down 使平静下来9. go through 经历，经受10. on purpose 故意11. face to face 面对面地12. set down 记下，放下13. in order to 为了……14. suffer from 遭受，患病15. join in 参加，加入16. get along with 与……相处，进展二、直接引语和间接引语（一）复习宾语从句宾语从句三要素：语序、连接词、时态。

1、语序：陈述句语序2、连接词：①陈述句用that引导；②一般疑问句用if/whether引导；③特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词引导3、时态：①主句用过去时，从句用与过去相对应的时态；②主句是一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任何时态；③表示客观真理时用一般现在时；（二）直接引语和间接引语的概念：当我们用引号引出别人的原话时，被引用的部分称为直接引语，如：The boy said ,"I can speak English very well.”当我们间接地把别人的意思转述出来时，被转述的部分称为间接引语，如：Mary said that Tom had worked there before.由宾语从句我们知道，直接引语转为间接引语之后即为一个宾语从句，因此，直接引语变为间接引语时，人称、时态、引导词、状语和语序都会发生变化。

语法(词汇与结构)

3.构成特定意义的前缀（续3） mal- 不良的 malfunction （故障） man- 人的 man-made （人造的） mid- 中间的 midday （正午） milli- 千分之一的 millimeter （毫米） mini- 微小的 minibus （小巴） mis- 错误的 misunderstand （误解） over- 过于 overheated （过热的） post- 之后的 postwar （战后） pre- 之前的 pre-heat （预热） pro- 支持…，亲…的 pro-government （亲政府的）
2.构成形容词的后缀（2） -less endless -like childlike -ly friendly -ous nervous -some troublesome -wide worldwide -worthy trustworthy -y windy -fold twofold -free tax-free -made man-made -minded open-minded -most foremost -ological biological -poor resource-poor -proof water-proof -rich carbon-rich -side bedside -sized postcard-sized -ular triangular
3.构成特定意义的前缀（续2） full- 完全 full-speed （全速） full- 全部，整个 full-year （整年） half- 半 half-asleep （半睡的） hand- 手工的 hand-made （手工制作的） hydro- 水力的 hydro-electric （水电的） ill- 不好的 ill-tempered （坏脾气的） ill- 不适宜的 ill-chosen （选错的） inter- 之间的 international （国际的） inter- 相互的 interchange （互换） kilo- 千 kilometer （千米）

高校自主招生英语备考专题--词汇与语法1(名词,形容词副词和介词)

教师辅导讲义A. deputyB. ambassadorC. representativeD. envoy13.There will be a new fleet of 11 frigates and air-warfare destroyers, equipped, like the submarines, with _______missiles.A. voyageB. cruiseC. journeyD. excursion14.I think no more significant _______ has Apollo made to history.A. effortB. attemptC. contributionD. propagation15.I accepted without_______ what he had said as true.A. reservesB. restrictionC. reservationD. definition16.As it was her first_______for stealing, she was given a less severe sentence.A. judgmentB. imprisonmentC. convictionD. penalty17.They did a_______ performance on the first night to raise money for AIDS research.A. allowanceB. compensationC. subsidyD. charity18.A new study shows that another treatment may have better results for patients who were not helped by drug _______.A. therapyB. cureC. remedyD. recipe19.Knowledge of languages is a real _______ in this sort of work.A. assetB. helpC. benefactorD. partnercation was placed firmly on the political_______ in the Prime Minister's weekend speech.A. shiftB. catalogueC. repertoireD. agenda21.People over the age of 85 make up the fastest-growing population _______.A. segmentB. pieceC. portionD. fragment22.Evidence suggested that the AIDS _______ was spreading very quickly among the heterosexual community.A. bacteriaB. organismC. fungusD. virus23.There are three _______ of accommodation —standard, executive and deluxe.A. hierarchyB. cataloguesC. categoriesD. species24.Can any actor in this sorry drama do anything to improve the _______?A. outlineB. sketchC. scriptD. draft25.This tennis tournament is open to both _______ and professionals.A. amateursB. laymenC. fencersD. boxers26.The bomb killed four soldiers and three _______.A. citizensB. populaceC. civiliansD. commonplaces27.It's her feeling that the recent outbreaks of violence are a _______of the dissatisfaction that is currently affecting our society.A. symptomB. omenC. warningD. prospect28.Life is a _______to him who thinks and a tragedy to him who feels.A. comedyB. remedyC. melodyD. tragedy29.On the back of the book there is a brief biographical _______ of the author.A. sketchB. cartoonC. cartonD. caption30.What you have just said is not in _______with what you told us yesterday.A. favorB. stepC. allianceD. accord答案与解析：1.B。

人教版九年级上册英语 Unit 4 词汇与语法基础(解析版) (1)

知识图谱Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.知识精讲一、必背词汇humorous adj. 有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的silent adj. 不说话的；沉默的helpful adj. 有用的；有帮助的score n. & v. 得分；打分background n. 背景interview v. 采访；面试n. 面试；访谈Asian adj. 亚洲的；亚洲人的n. 亚洲人dare v. 敢于；胆敢private adj. 私人的；私密的guard n. 警卫；看守v. 守卫；保卫require v. 需要；要求European adj. 欧洲的；欧洲人的British adj. 英国的；英国人的speech n. 讲话；发言ant n. 蚂蚁insect n. 昆虫influence v. & n. 影响seldom adv. 不常；很少proud adj. 自豪的；骄傲的absent adj. 缺席；不在fail v. 失败；未能（做到）examination n. 考试；审查leaf n 树叶exactly adv. 确切地；精确地pride n. 自豪；骄傲grandson n. 孙子；外孙general adj. 普遍的；常规的；总的n. 将军introduction n. 介绍二、重点词汇1. humorous adj.funny, or making you laugh幽默的；滑稽的例句：Her latest book is a humorous look at teenage life.她的新书是对青少年生活的一种幽默审视。

2. interview v.1). a meeting in which someone asks you questions to see if you are suitable for a job or course面试；面谈例句：I had an interview for a job with a publisher.我参加了一家出版公司的求职面试。

电大英语《词汇与结构》练习

语法和词汇（一）1. It was a great pleasure_________ me to be invited to the party.A. forB. onC. toD. of2. ________ the War of Independence, the United States was an English colony.A. BeforeB. AtC. InD. Between3. At that time, she _______ on a journey with her friend.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. is being4. We all thought ______ pity that you were unable to attend our meeting.A. thatB. whichC. thisD. it5. It was on the beach _____ Miss White found the kid lying dead.A. thatB. thisC. itD. which6. Don’t laugh ______ people when they are _______ trouble.A. in, atB. at, atC. at, inD. on, in7. ______ girl dressed ______ black is her sister Rose.A. A, inB. A, onC. The, onD. The, in8. I fell and hurt myself while I ______ basketball yesterday.A. was playingB. am playingC. playD. played9. It's time we _____ the lecture because everybody has arrived.A. will startB. shall startC. startD. started10. –Is the library ______ now? --No, it’s __________.A. open, closeB. opening, closingC. open, closedD. opened, closed11. I didn’t know what to do, but then an idea suddenly________ to me.A. appearedB. happenedC. occurredD. emerged12. The baby is hungry, but there’s _____ milk in the bottle.A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few13. Nancy is considered to be _______ the other students in her class.A. less intelligentB. the most intelligentC. intelligent as wellD. as intelligent as14. Jane’s dress is similar in design _____ her sister’s.A. likeB. withC. toD. as15. I have been looking forward to_______ from my parents.A. hearB. being hearC. be heardD. hearing16. If only we ______ the disease was curable at that time, we would haveborrowed money to send him to the hospital in the city.A. knewB. had knownC. would knowD. would have known17. Harry, who had failed in the final exam, had a great worry ____ his mind.A. onB. toC. withD. at18. A long time ago, I ______ in London for three years.A. had livedB. have livedC. livedD. have been living19. This kind of material expands _______ the temperature increasing.A. toB. forC. withD. at20. I will count three hundred and not one of you ______ move a muscle.A. is toB. are toC. isD. are21. He _______ finding a taxi for me, even though I told him I lived nearly.A. insisted onB. insisted atC. insisted thatD. insisted in22. I don’t know the park, but it’s ________ to be quite beautiful.A. saidB. toldC. spokenD. talked23. The top of the Great Wall is _____ for five horses to go side by side.A. wideB. so wideC. wide enoughD. enough wide24. The colors of the coat and trousers don't___. Don't make a purchase of the suit.A. matchB. compareC. suitD. comfort25. They have learned about ________ in recent years.A. several hundreds English wordsB. hundreds of English wordsC. hundred of English wordsD. several hundred English word26. –Write to me when you get home. --Ok, I ______________.A. mustB. shouldC. willD. can27. On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several _______ a day.A. customersB. supportersC. guestsD. clients28. She ________ 100 pages of the book today.A. has already readB. already readsC. already readD. was already read29. It is recommended that this work______until all the preparations have been made.A. is not startedB. will not be startedC. not be startedD. is not to be started30. Neither John ______ his father was able to wake up early enough to catch themorning train.A. norB. orC. butD. and31. The boy is not happy at the new school. He has ________ friends there.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little32. –It’s a good idea. But who’s going to _______ the plan?--I think John and Peter will.A. carry outB. get throughC. take inD. set aside33. Please don't have your schedule_____; otherwise we will have to makechanges to ours.A. changingB. devisedC. changedD. devising34. Nancy is ________ girl.A. a eighteen-year-oldB. an eighteen-years-oldC. a eighteen-years-oldD. an eighteen-year-old35. The dean of the philosophy Department requested that the visitingscholar_____ a lecture on Sartre.A. gaveB. giveC. would giveD. had given36. Tom is so talkative. I’m sure you’ll soon get tired ______ him.A. ofB. withC. atD. on37.We can't judge a person by his appearance. Can you imagine the fashionablelady _______ to be a thief?A. proved outB. turned outC. took onD. held on38. I fell and hurt myself while I _________ basketball yesterday.A. was playingB. am playingC. playD. played39. He ________ me do the work.A. givesB. helpsC. mindsD. cares40.--When shall we meet again?-- ________ it any day you like. It’s all the same to me.A. DoB. GetC. MeetD. Make41. It's a good _______ to eat with the mouth closed.A. customB. habitC. wayD. style42. When the railway is completed, we _______ get to town much easily.A. canB. couldC. are able toD. will be able to43 The sports meeting was put off till the next week ______ rain.A. in spite ofB. soC. becauseD. because of44. He likes to swim ___________.A. and to play footballB. and playing footballC. but play footballD. and he also likes playing football45. A police officer claimed he had attempted to _______ paying his fare.A. avoidB. rejectC. refuseD. neglect46.______ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn't seem highat all.A. When comparedB. CompareC. While comparingD. Comparing47. We find _____ difficult to understand him.A. itB. whichC. whatD. him48. She went to school as usual _____ she was ill yesterday.A. unlessB. so thatC. becauseD. although49. Peter worked so fast with the maths problems ________ a lot of mistakes.A. as to makeB. that madeC. to makeD. that he made50. I was satisfied with her explanation,_____________.A. so my classmates wereB. so were my classmatesC. so my classmates didD. so did my classmates51. I had my meals _______ when I was ill in bed with a bad cold.A. to bringB. bringC. broughtD. bringing52. We came finally____ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time.A. ofB. intoC. toD. at53. Mile is better than Peter ______ swimming.A. forB. atC. onD. about54. You had better ________ a doctor as soon as possible.A. seeingB. sawC. seeD. seen55. --_______? -- She’s our history teacher.A. Where is she fromB. Where does the woman workC. Who is sheD. How is the woman56. With his work completed, the manager stepped back to his seat, feelingpleased _____ he was a man of action.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether57. He ________ lives in the house where he was born.A. alreadyB. yetC. stillD. ever58. I took _______ tea than you.A. lessB. fewC. fewerD. little59. She has two best friends. _______ of them is in the country.A. AllB. BothC. No oneD. Neither60. The new order means __________ overtime.A. worksB. workedC. to workD. working61. We have bought two _______ for he coming party.A. box of appleB. box of applesC. boxes of appleD. boxes of apples62. Before the final examination, some students have shown ______ of tension.They even have trouble in sleeping.A. anxietyB. marksC. signsD. remarks63. Mathematics ________ study or science of numbers.A. isB. areC. wasD. were64. No matter _______, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drivethem back home safely.A. it was snowing hardB. hard it was snowingC. how it was snowing hardD. how hard it was snowing65. I know you are planning a trip to Europe this autumn. Do you know_______?A. how much it will costB. how much has it costC. how much cost it willD. how many will it cost66. Did you notice the guy ________ head looked like a big potato?A. whoB. whichC. whoseD. whom67. Charles regretted _____.the TV set last year. The price has now gone down.A. buyingB. to buyC. ofD. from68. A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment.A. isB. areC. hasD. have69. Free _______ of shampoo is distributed from door to door.A. sampleB. exampleC. productD. stock70. Measles _______ a long time to get over.A. spendB. spendsC. takeD. takes71. Therefore, other things ________ equal, the number of workers that employerswant decreases.A. isB. areC. beingD. having72. It’s _______ that he was wrong.A. clearlyB. clarityC. clearD. clearing73. It's raining ______. We have to stay at home instead of going fishing.A. badlyB. heavilyC. hardlyD. trongly74. How _____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you havecovered only part of the article?A. canB. mustC. needD. may75. John’s father_______ mathematics in this school ever since he graduated fromHarvard University.A. taughtB. teachesC. has taughtD. is teaching76. They could do nothing but _______ the doctor to arrive.A. to wait forB. waiting forC. wait forD. wait77. Nowadays, children often prefer _______ TV to reading.A. watchingB. to watchC. being watchedD. watch78. Do you know____________ in English?A. how say itB. how to say itC. how saying itD. how to saying it79._______ his help, we couldn't have finished work on time.A. But thatB. DespiteC. But forD. In spite of80. Tom was just about to _______ the question when suddenly he found the answer.A. arrive atB. submit toC. give upD. work out81. We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no____ but to take a taxi.A. wayB. choiceC. possibilityD. selection82. We _______ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study83. --______ is your girl friend like? -- She is very kind and good-looking.A. HowB. WhatC. WhichD. Who84. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I ___________ tohalf a dozen other groups.A. was givingB. am givingC. had givenD. have given85. Chinese is spoken by the _____number of people in the world.A．smallest B．most C．largest D．wide86. What is the train ______ to Birmingham?A．fee B．tip C．fare D．cost87. A number of people _____at the street corner.A．am B．is C．are D．be88. He is fond of playing _____ piano while his brother is interested in listening to_____ music.A．/; the B．/; / C．the; / D．the; the89. Every year thousands of lives_____in road accidents because of careless driving.A．lose B．lost C．have lost D．are lost90. Don't worry. There's still _____time to go.A．little B．a little C．few D．a few91. You'd better wear more clothes. It's _____cold today.A．much too B．too much C．very much D．much very92. The Chinese women volleyball players _________ both in and out of China.A．are thought good of B．are highly thought ofC．are well thought D．are ill thought of93 -Are the new rules working? -Yes. _______ books are stolen.A. FewB. MoreC. SomeD. None94.After the Minister of Education had finished speaking at the press conference,he was made ____all sorts of awkward questions.A．answer B．answering C．answered D．to answer95.--How much did you _____all these things? --More than forty dollars.A．spend B．cost C．give D．pay for96. It's bad _____ for you to smoke in the public places where smoking is notallowed.A．behavior B．action C．manner D．movement97. --- Have you got _____E-mail address? --Yes, mine is Li Ping @ .A．the B．an C．a D．/98. --- Alice, you feed the bird today, _______? -But I fed it yesterday.A do you B. will you C. didn't you D. don't you99. You ____ buy some reference books when you go to college.A．must B．will have to C．must to D．have to100. The atmosphere _________certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.A．composes of B．is made up C．consists of D．makes up of语法和词汇（二）1．He helped me ______ my homework.A. withB. toC. aboutD. of2．—For tonight's homework, do pages 40 and 41 in the workbook.—Professor Hones, I think that is ________ work.A. too muchB. much the moreC. too hardD. hardest3. Generally speaking, it is unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever4. There ________ a book and some magazines on the desk.A. isB. areC. haveD. has5. The retired man is used to ________ his two dogs early in the morning.A. exerciseB. exercisingC. exercisedD. exercises6. I earn 10 dollars ______ hour as ______ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.A. a… anB. the… aC. an… aD. an… the7. He has been writing for 3 years, but being a writer is not his ________.A. chanceB. choiceC. changeD. character8. I would be very ______ if you could give me an early reply.A. pleasantB. gratefulC. satisfiedD. helpful9. Sandy could do nothing but ______ to his teacher that he was wrong.A. admitB. admittedC. admittingD. to admit10. It is because he is kind and modest ________ he wins the respect of all presents.A. whatB. whichC. whyD. that11. Who should be responsible ______ the loss of the documents?A. inB. onC. ofD. for12. The race was so close that everyone was _________ at the finish.A. holding his breathB. working outC. winning overD. thinking of13. I had to buy ________ these books because I don’t know which one was the best.A. bothB. someC. neitherD. all14 The _______________ is nearly dead, so I can not start the car again.A. beanB. beamC. bakeD. battery15. The headmaster came to the classroom and asked ________ what had happened.A. his students to tell himB. being toldC. telling himD. to tell16. Twenty people were ________ wounded in the air crash.A. quicklyB. wronglyC. bitterlyD. seriously17.—Do you want to wait? —Five days ________ too long for me to wait.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are18. I don't know _______ to deal with such matter.A. whatB. howC. whichD. /19. He ran away from home, ________ his sister had done the year before.A. likeB. asC. whenD. while20. Yesterday was _______ day that we decided to go swimming.A. such beautifulB. so beautifulC. such a beautifulD. a so beautiful21. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the school master___he had done the daybefore.A. thatB. howC. whereD. what22. The idea sounds very good, but will it work in ________?A. practiceB. placeC. theoryD. public23. In the evening we smoked and talked and never______ going out except for exercise.A. dreamingB. dreamed inC. dreamed ofD. have dreamed24. Do you know ________ in English?A. how say itB. how to say itC. how saying itD. how to saying it25. I I were a bird.A. hopeB. wishC. expectD. image26. It was difficult to guess what her ________ to the news would be.A. impressionB. commentC. reactionD. opinion27. England is an island country. ________ consists of three principal islands, and________ climate is generally mild.A. It … itsB. She … herC. He … hisD. She … its28. You had better ________ a doctor as soon as possible.A. seeingB. sawC. seeD. seen29. Who should be responsible ______ the loss of the documents?A. inB. onC. ofD. for30. Though we have spent two nights in____the problem, we still can't find a solution.A. working inB. working outC. working upD. working on31. It is said that the best time to visit the city is June or July, ________ the SouthAmerican winter cools the city.A. whereB. whichC. on whichD. when32. The top of the Great Wall is ________ for five horses to go side by side.A. wideB. so wideC. wide enoughD. enough wide33. He ran _________ the direction of the school.A. atB. forC. inD. on34. The children _______ play with themA. want that IB. wants that IC. want me toD. are wanting that35. We are next-door _______.A. neighborhoodsB. neighborC. neighborhoodD. neighbors36. You'd better ______ some money for special use.A. pick upB. set asideC. put offD. give away37. I am going to _______ the meal, I insist.A. payB. pay forC. pay aboutD. pay on38. This city was named ______ the great president.A. forB. afterC. toD. of39. Don't forget ________ the window before leaving the room.A. to have closedB. to closeC. having closedD. closing40. If the phone rings again, I ______ it.A. ignoreB. will ignoreC. will have ignoredD. will be ignoring41. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to _______ the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out42. He was drinking pop ________ the rest of us drank whisky.A. whileB. asC. sinceD. when43. James Watt ______ the steam engine.A. was inventionB. inventedC. had inventedD. has invented44. Go away, you're always getting ________ the way.A. inB. onC. atD. to45. I'd like to _______ the holiday arrangements once more before we leave tomorrow.A. go overB. go forC. go aboutD. go round46. We should not look down ________ the poor people.A. uponB. atC. toD. of47. Fish can't live ______ water.A. withB. withoutC. inD. on48. He asked the waiter ________ the bill.A. onB. ofC. forD. after49. We've looked _______ for the keys we lost.A. in all placesB. at all placesC. over allD. everywhere50. Samuel Clemens,______ as Mark Twain, was one of the most famous American writers.A. to knowB. to be knownC. knownD. knowing51. Measles ________ a long time to get over.A. spendB. spendsC. takeD. takes52. My uncle _______ until he was 45.A. marriedB. didn't marryC. has marriedD. would marry53. The ______ is just around the corner and you won't miss it.A. bicycle's shopB. bicycle shopC. bicycles shopD. bicycles' shop54. "The ceremony has already begun." "Look! The flag is ________ now."A. being raisedB. risenC. being roseD. raising55. She is not only my classmate ________ also my good friend.A. orB. butC. andD. too56. ______ Mrs. Johnson on my way to the shops.A. It happened me that I foundB. It happened me that I metC. I happened to findD. I happened to meet57. He ______ to me last week.A. is writingB. writesC. wroteD. is written58. Every means _______ been tried to solve the difficult problem.A. haveB. hasC. isD. are59. In fact, Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than _____ in New York.A. to stayB. stayedC. stayingD. having stayed60. Don't trust him, ________ he says.A. whatB. no matter whateverC. no matter thatD. no matter what61. The painter lived more than a decade in Europe, ________ he could be in close contact with other masters(大师).A. whereB. in whichC. thatD. in that62. Tom ________ more than twenty pounds on the novel.A. spentB. paidC. costD. took63. The house rent is expensive. I've got about half the space I had at home andI'm paying ______ here.A. as three times muchB. as much three timesC. much as three timesD. three times as much64. In ______ Chinese culture, marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children.A. traditionalB. historicC. remoteD. initial65. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster _________ he had done theday before.A. ThatB. HowC. WhereD. What66. There are usually at least two ______ of looking at every question.A. meaningsB. directionsC. viewsD. ways67. The doctor's mistakes in judgment _______ the death of the patient.A. led toB. broke offC. resulted fromD. brought out68. My chest ______ when I make a deep breath, doctor.A. harmsB. woundsC. hurtsD. injures69. The owner and editor of the magazine ________ the conference.A. were attendingB. were to attendC. is to attendD. are to attend70. This river is so big that it is impossible to build a _______ under it without moderntechnology.A. canalB. tunnelC. channelD. cable71. We are well provided _______ food and clothing.A. withB. forC. onD. at72. If he had worked hard,_______A. he might have passed the testB. he might pass the testC. he has passed the testD. he passed the test73. It is considered bad ________ to stare at people.A. mannerB. mannersC. politenessD. way74. Bill wasn't happy about the delay, and ______.A. I was neitherB. neither I wasC. I wasn't eitherD. either I was75.I shall love my country _______.A. for sakeB. for everC. for bestD. for even76. The football match had to be _________ owing to the bad weather.A. cancelledB. advancedC. arrangedD. held7. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took______ pictures of them.A. many ofB. masses ofC. the number ofD. a large amount of78. None of them tells us ________, so we need your help.A. how should we doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it79. One of his great inventions was ______ valued at the world scientific conference.A. highB. greatC. heightD. highly80. This book is nothing ______ do with the author's first novel.A. inB. forC. withD. to81.—I am very _______ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.—Mm, it does have a _______ smell.A. pleasant; pleasedB. pleased; pleasedC. pleasant; pleasantD. pleased; pleasant82. Some people think ________ about their rights than about their duties.A. too muchB. as muchC. much moreD. many more83. It is possible to tell the time in day light _______ looking into a cat's eyes.A. withB. forC. byD. from84. The grey building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts ________.A. are producingB. are producedC. producedD. being produced85. We go to the cinema _______ a week.A. oftenB. onceC. seldomD. usually86. Send him to the baker's ______ the bread.A. to buyB. in order he buyC. for to buyD. for buying87. She agreed ________ me on this issue.A. overB. onC. toD. with88. He worked ______ hard ______ he earned a lot of money.A. too, tooB. too, toC. so, thatD. that, so89. The pill can prevent you ________.A. from getting fatB. got fatC. get fatD. get being fat90. —Are you going to the football game?—No. The tickets are _______ expensive for me.A. very muchB. so muchC. far tooD. highly91. —The public store is to close at 9:00 p.m.—_______ no need to worry; it is just 7:30 p.m.A. You haveB. They haveC. It isD. There is92. There _______ a lot of _______ on the roads yesterday.A. was … trafficB. were … trafficsC. was … trafficsD. were … traffic93. We finally _______ an agreement after a lot of hard bargaining.A. reachedB. didC. arrivedD. drove94. It was not a serious illness, and she soon _____ it.A. got overB. got on withC. got aroundD. got out of95. It is because she is very devoted to her patients ________ she is loved by them.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who96. The traveler, ________ inexperienced, doesn't know how to plan a trip.A. to beB. beingC. isD. as being97. Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being______.A. gracefulB. fashionableC. particularD. feasible98. The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will _______ have beensolved by the end of next week.A. eagerlyB. hopefullyC. immediatelyD. gradually99. There have been many ________ in their marriage but they still love each other.A. right and wrongB. back and forthC. ups and downsD. right and left 100. He made a living in the past _______ in a middle school.A. teachingB. taughtC. by teachingD. on teaching。

翻译三级笔译综合能力-词汇和语法(一)

翻译三级笔译综合能力-词汇和语法(一)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、(总题数：100，分数：100.00)1.During the famine, many people were ______ to going without food for days.（分数：1.00）A.sunkB.reduced √C.forcedD.declined解析：[解析] reduce常与to连用，用于被动句，表示“被迫沦落为……”的意思。

如：She was reduced to begging. 她被迫乞讨。

be forced to指“强制，迫使”，不符合句意。

故答案为B。

2.The encouraging factor is that the ______ majority of people find the idea of change acceptable.（分数：1.00）A.numerousB.vast √C.mostD.massive解析：[解析] 本题考查词语搭配。

四个选项中只有vast可以与majority、搭配。

3.Am I to understand that his new post ______ no responsibility with it at all?（分数：1.00）A.keepsB.supportsC.carries √D.possesses解析：[解析] 从句意上可先排除A、B。

carry指“带有、持有(权利或凭证)”；possess“占有、拥有”，主语一般为人。

此处从句主语为post，所以答案为C。

4.At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not ______.（分数：1.00）A.on viewB.at a glanceC.on the sceneD.in sight √解析：[解析] 根据句意可判断出答案为D。

专升本《英语》词汇与语法结构

【精析】B 本题考查介词短语搭配。(much) to one’s relief 意思是“使人感到(十分)欣慰的是”。例如: Much to my relief, he is safe now.使我感到十分欣慰的是，他现在已平安无事了。另外三个选项搭配不对。
三、语法结构问题
语法结构主要是时态、语态、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、从句(包
future 前途，例如 a job with plenty of future 有很大发展前途的工
作，常与介词 with 搭配，且不用 considerable 来修饰; C. possibility
可能性与 D. opportunity 机遇通常不用来修饰人。
3.短语辨析
例1
In my opinion, he's
其他三项均不合乎语法要求，不予选择。
例2
To our ，Geoffrey's illness proved not to be as serious as we
had feared.
A. anxiety
B. relief C. view D. judgment
【句意】令我们感到欣慰的是，杰弗里的病不像我们担心的那样严重。
通过英文释义去把握单词的确切内涵。
例2
The neighborhood boys like to play basketball on the lot.
A. valid
B. vain
C. vacantFra bibliotekD. vague
【句意】附近的男孩子们喜欢在那块空地上打篮球。
【精析】C 本题是一道词义辨析题。所给的四个单词从形式
【句意】这本书旨在促进科研与教学，尤其是研究人员与

英语词汇与语法结构

英语词汇与语法结构
英语词汇和语法结构是学习英语的两个核心方面。

词汇指的是英语中的单词和短语，而语法结构指的是英语中句子的构成和组织方式。

英语词汇的学习包括掌握英语的基本词汇量、学习常用的短语、学习词汇的拼写和发音等。

学习词汇可以通过背诵、阅读、听力和口语练习等方式进行。

英语语法结构包括句子的基本构成要素（主语、谓语、宾语等）、时态、语态、句型转换等内容。

学习语法结构可以通过学习语法规则、做练习题、模仿和实践运用等方式进行。

掌握英语词汇和语法结构对于有效地学习和使用英语非常重要。

只有掌握了足够的词汇量和正确的语法结构，才能够进行准确和流畅的交流和表达。

因此，学习者需要经常进行词汇和语法的学习和练习，以提高自己的英语水平。

专升本英语试卷结构

专升本英语试卷结构考试时间：[X]分钟。

总分：100分。

一、词汇与语法结构（共30分，每题1.5分）（一）词汇题（15分）1. She has a great ____ for music and can play several instruments.A. interest.B. hobby.C. like.D. favor.2. It is very ____ of you to come and see me when I am ill.A. kind.B. nice.C. good.D. well.3. The new law will come into ____ next month.A. effect.B. use.C. service.4. I can't ____ what he was hinting at.A. figure out.B. look out.C. break out.D. take out.5. His speech was so ____ that it made me feel sleepy.A. bored.B. boring.C. interested.D. interesting.6. We should make full use of every ____ to practice our English.A. chance.B. opportunity.C. case.D. situation.7. The doctor advised him to ____ smoking for the sake of his health.A. give in.B. give up.C. give away.8. The old man has a large ____ of stamps.A. collection.B. collector.C. collecting.D. collective.9. It was raining heavily, but ____ of them brought an umbrella.A. none.B. no one.C. all.D. both.10. I'm not sure whether I can gain any profit from the investment, soI can't make a(n) ____ promise to help you.A. exact.B. defined.C. definite.D. sure.（二）语法题（15分）11. If I ____ you, I would take an umbrella with me.A. am.B. was.C. were.D. be.12. By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ____ here for two days.A. will have stayed.B. shall stay.C. have been staying.D. have stayed.13. It was not until she had arrived home ____ remembered her appointment with the doctor.A. when she.B. that she.C. and she.D. she.14. ____ hard he tries, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.A. Whatever.B. Whenever.C. Wherever.D. However.15. The book is ____ more difficult than the one I recommended to you.A. rather.B. much.C. very.D. so.16. She is not the woman ____ she was.A. that.B. which.C. who?D. whom.17. I don't like ____ you speak to her.A. the way.B. the way in that.C. the way which.D. the way of which.18. There are a lot of ____ in the zoo.A. deers.B. deer.C. a deer.D. deer's.19. The number of students in our school ____ increasing year by year.A. are.B. is.C. has been.D. have been.20. He is so lazy that he ____ gets up before 10 o'clock in the morning.A. always.B. usually.C. often.D. hardly.二、阅读理解（共40分，每题2分）Passage 1.The Internet has become part of teenage life. There's a report on 3,375 students aged from 10 to 18 in seven Chinese cities. It says that 38percent of them believe they use the Internet often. While most of them get useful information and use the Internet to help in their studies, some are not using it in a good way. Many are playing online games too much. A few even visit Web sites they should not look at. Bad things can happen if young people spend too much time on the Internet.In order to help young people use the Internet in a good way, atextbook on good Internet behavior has started to be used in some Shanghai middle schools this term. It uses real examples to teach students all about good ways of using the Internet. The book gives useful advice such as it'sgood to read news or find helpful information to study. Some students also make online friends. But it warns students that they should be careful when making friends online.The book gives some good advice:- Don't give your real name, family address or phone number to strangers.- Don't exchange photos of yourself with people you meet online.- Don't go to meet a person you have met online alone.1. From the report, about how many students between 10 - 18 years old in the seven cities use the Internet often?A. 1,280.B. 1,015.C. 2,300.D. 3,375.2. What do most of the students do on the Internet?A. They get useful information to help in their studies.B. They play online games.C. They visit Web sites they should not look at.D. They make online friends.3. Why has a textbook on good Internet behavior been used in Shanghai middle schools?A. Because students have met a lot of problems when using the Internet.B. Because students need to know how to use the Internet in a good way.C. Because students are spending too much time on the Internet.D. Because students don't know how to make online friends.4. What advice does the textbook give on making online friends?A. Don't give your real name, family address or phone number to strangers.B. Don't exchange photos of yourself with people you meet online.C. Don't go to meet a person you have met online alone.D. All of the above.Passage 2.In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives acall during sleeping hours, he assumes it's a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.In social life, time plays a very important role. In the U.S.A., guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other parts of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten.The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U.S., no one would think of keeping a businessassociate waiting for an hour. It would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is expected to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps hewill not complete the sentence.5. What is the main idea of this passage?A. It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning and in sleeping hours in the U.S.B. The role of time in social life over the world.C. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or notfully responsible in the U.S.D. Not every country treats the concept of time as the same.6. Supposing one wants to make a telephone call at dawn, this would mean ____.A. the matter is of value.B. the matter is somewhat important.C. the matter requires immediate attention.D. it is a matter of life or death.7. According to this passage, time plays an important role in ____.A. everyday life.B. private life.C. communication.D. social life.8. The best title for this passage is "____".A. The Voices of Time.B. Time to Telephone.C. The Importance of Time.D. Time and Tide Wait for No Man.Passage 3.When you are in another country, it is important to know the language, but it is equally important to know how to communicate non - verbally(不用语言地), before saying anything, people communicate non - verbally or by making gestures. According to an expert, our bodies send out more messages than we realize. In fact, non - verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean. And body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across cultures.For example, in Western culture, when people are talking, they usually maintain good eye contact. That is, they look directly into each other's eyes. To Westerners, this is a sign of a positive and friendly attitude. However, in some Asian cultures, such as in Japan, people avoid long periods of eye contact. This is considered more polite.Another example is about distance between people who are talking. In North America, people usually like to stand about an arm's length away from each other while talking. However, in some Middle Eastern cultures, people stand very close to each other while talking. This is considered more friendly.So, when you are in another country, you have to be aware of these differences in body language in order to communicate successfully.9. The underlined word "gestures" in the first paragraph means ____.A. body movements.B. simple words.C. pens or pencils.D. handshakes.10. According to the passage, non - verbal communication ____.A. is not important.B. is less important than verbal communication.C. takes up about 50% of what we really mean.D. is the only way to communicate.11. In Western culture, people usually maintain good eye contact when talking because ____.A. they are not polite.B. they are interested in what you are saying.C. they want to show they are positive and friendly.D. they are not listening to you.12. Which of the following is True according to the passage?A. Asians are more positive and friendly than Westerners.B. In Western culture, people usually stand very close to each other while talking.C. In some Middle Eastern cultures, people avoid long periods of eye contact.D. Body language is very important when we attempt to communicate across cultures.三、完型填空（共15分，每题1.5分）One day a police officer managed to get some fresh mushrooms(蘑菇). He was so 1 that he decided to share the mushrooms with his fellow officers. When their breakfast arrived the next day, each officer found some mushrooms on his plate."Let the dog 2 a piece first," suggested one 3 officer who was afraid that the mushrooms might be poisonous.The dog seemed to 4 his mushrooms, and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange 5 quite pleasant taste.An hour 6, however, they were all astonished 7 the gardener rushed in and said 8 the dog was dead. 9, the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the 10 hospital. Pumps(洗胃器) were used and the officers had a very 11 time getting rid of the mushrooms that 12 in their stomachs.When they 13 to the police station, they sat down and started to 14 the mushroom poisoning. Each man explained the pains that he had felt and they agreed that 15 had grown worse on their way to the hospital.1. A. sure.B. careless.C. pleased.D. disappointed.2. A. check.B. smell.C. try.D. examine.3. A. frightened.B. shy.C. cheerful.D. careful.4. A. refuse.B. hate.C. want.D. enjoy.5. A. besides.B. but.C. and.D. or.6. A. later.B. after.C. past.D. over.7. A. until.B. while.C. before.D. when?8. A. that.B. why?C. what?D. which.9. A. Immediately.B. Carefully.C. Suddenly.D. Slowly.10. A. animal.C. plant.D. nearest.11. A. hard.B. busy.C. exciting.D. unforgettable.12. A. stopped.B. dropped.C. settled.D. remained.13. A. hurried.B. drove.C. went.D. returned.14. A. study.B. discuss.C. record.D. remember.15. A. this.C. it.D. they.四、写作（共15分）请以“Healthy Lifestyle”为题写一篇不少于100字的短文。

英语语法与词汇(一)

英语语法与词汇（一）1. jet off 喷出；飞往jet off to sp./sth. jet off to America 飞往美国jet off to a conference 动身去参加一个会议2. 不构成因果时不用because，用where……John has jetted off to America where he is believed to have pleased the agencies in Los Angeles.3. recently 可加现在完成时，一般过去时4. be announced as the face of a new Chanel campaign被宣布担任香奈儿的新广告的形象代言人5. source n.知情人士，提供消息的人士6. debut n.演员首次演出make one's debut on sth. 在…上首次亮相make one's modelling debut on the cover of7. land a job as … 找到了一份…工作land one's first official fashion campaign 拍摄某人第一个真正意义上的广告8. sign with sb. 与…签约9. although: Now he has been encouraged to look into a Hollywood career which he is very excited about although he is yet to sign with an agent.10. show-showed-shown11. 现在进行时：There are some 40 collections that are being shown at the new museum.12. when sb. grow up 不用after!13. over the last…years 不确定时态over the past…years 现完long before 在很久以前long after 在很久以后固定搭配！！！Americans keep eating long after the French would have stopped.14. what只在表语从句中和人相当But they all reveal a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you what/who they are.He is no longer what he used to be.15. keep sb. aligned with 使某人与…保持一致keep you aligned with your environment align oneself with sb./sth. 公开支持16. crestfallen a. 沮丧的，垂头丧气的17. nowhere ad. 任何地方都不；一点也不，远不get nowhere 一事无成be nowhere near filled 远远没有填满18. mourn vi. 哀痛vt. 为…而悲伤遗憾mourn our fate 悲叹我们的命运cemetery n.公墓，墓地19. miserly a.（人）小气的≈ mean；（数量）极少的miserly grants 少得可怜的补助金meanness n.20. Brazilian Cn巴西人21. business cards 名片22. outright a./ad. 彻底地；直截了当地，毫不客气地；(一下子，马上)avoid disagreeing outright 避免直接的冲突、碰撞win outright 取得干脆利落、十分彻底的胜利23. be +adj. + of be tolerant of be protective of/towards sb. ＝protect 保护be respectful of private lives 尊重私人生活24. expertise n.专门技能，专业知识share one's expertise25. authenticate vt.证明…是真实的，鉴定a uthentic sth. as… 证明…确是…authenticate the story as O. Henry's26. how sth. may affect …27. 给两根横线，强调前者instead of，other thanHe dec ided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop instead of/other than suggesting how to avoid food.28. a big cast 强大的演员阵容29. rookie Cn.新手30. chubby a.丰满的，圆胖的chubby cheeks31. inspiration n.灵感；启发，鼓舞seek inspiration the source of inspirationunder the inspiration of32. Predictions have been around for 20 decades but have not yet come to fruition.33. concept n.认知层面的理念，观念34. resume vi./vt. 重新开始，再继续vt.重新获得resume one's duties 重新履职resume negotiations 重启对话resume diplomatic relations 恢复邦交关系resume doing sth.resume with sth.35. steal vt./vi. 偷，窃取steal（sth.）from one's account36. benefit vi. 受益，获益vt.有益于n.好处，益处benefit from 从…中获益profit from 从…中获利37. chip n.电脑芯片；薯条38. trail vt./vi. 落后（于）trail sb. 落后于某人vi. 没精打采地跟着trail around after usvt./vi. （被）拖，拉The dress trails behind her.n.足迹，踪迹；痕迹；小径；路径39. sphere n.球体；（活动）范围40. a long-awaited dream41. in one's young/middle/late fifties42. term n.学期；任期；条款，协议carry the baby to term 生下这个孩子；让孩子来到这个世界43. wear sb. down 让某人焦头烂额、疲惫不堪Worn down by…44. bring shame to/on sb. Shame on you for doing sth!45. painful a. 痛苦的；疼痛的sorry a. 感到遗憾的，难过的（关心被人疾苦）46. pressing a. 紧迫的，亟待解决的；恳切的a pressing invitation one of the most pressing problems of the day47. disseminate propaganda 散播宣传信息48. large attendance 很多的出席人数，很高的上座率49. perform vt.执行，履行；演奏，表演vi. 执行；表演；运转performance n.性能50. brand vt.烙…（于）n.烙印；商标，牌子brand sth. on one's mind51. iron n.铁元素take some iron from beans and nuts52. Italy's fashion capital 意大利的时尚中心53. combine A and B combine singing, dancing and acrobatics54. 分号“；”表示前后关联的两句句子The same costume can be used in different shows；however, it will represent a different character.55. represent vt. 象征，代表，表示A yellow and white face represents someone who is dishonest.56. desire vi./vt. 渴望；想要；愿望n.欲望；要求；心愿desire to keep the art of Chinese opera alivedesire a positive vision for one’s life 希望对未来的生活积极乐观57. attempt n.企图；尝试58. a full-time/part-time job59. since prep./conj. adv. 从那时到现在；此后统统+完成时Since noticing the problem, I have tried some ways to make some changes.prep.什么时候Since when did he listen to me? 他什么时候听过我的话。

专插本英语词汇与语法结构(一)

10. There____some letters_____be dilivered.
A. are ; to C. is; to
答案：A
B. are; at D. is; at
11. I agree with him ____, but not entirely.
A. untial a certain point B. to some point C. to some extent D.in a certain extent
5.___the help of their team,we should not have succeeded. a、As for b、 As to c、 Unless d本不会成
as for /as to至于,就……方面说 but for = without
答案：D
将来完成时：表示将来某时刻之前已经完成的动作。将来完成进行时: 谓语动词必须是延续性的动词。
18. The activity was delayed, ____was exactly _____ we wanted. A. which; what B. which; which C. that; what D. that; that
23. All _____ you can do to comfort her is to listen to her story patiently. A. what B. that C. which D. things
B. shows; is C.show; is D.shows; are
答案：B A survey 是真正的主语,因此用 shows , they also admit several hours of sitting in front of the computer是一个整体的事件,用单数.

外研社九年级上册英语 Module 11 词汇与语法基础(解析版) (1)

知识图谱Module 11 Photos知识精讲一、必背词汇bet (bet, bet) [bet] v. 打赌，下赌注general [ˈdʒenrəl] adj. 整体的，普遍的standard [ˈstændəd] n. 标准，水准feeling [ˈfi:lɪŋ]n. 感觉，直觉看法difficulty [ˈdɪfɪkəlti] n. 困难，困境subject [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] n. 主题add [æd] v. 添加recently [ˈri:sntli]adv. 最近，近来menu [ˈri:sntli]n. 菜单tonight [təˈnaɪt] adv. (在)今晚，(在)今夜winner [ˈwɪnə] n. 获胜者rush [rʌʃ] v. 冲，奔blouse [blaʊz] n. 女衬衫skirt [skɜ:t] n. 裙子singer [ˈsɪŋə] n. 歌手，歌唱家congratulations [kənˌgrætjʊ'leɪʃənz] n. [复数]祝贺headmaster [ˌhedˈmɑ:stə]n. 男校长present [ˈpreznt]v. 授予，呈递二、重点词汇1. bet (bet, bet) [bet] v.1). to risk money on the result of an event or a competition, such as a horse race, in the hope of winningmore money打赌；赌博例句：I bet you $25 (that) I'll get there before you.我和你赌25美元，我准比你早到。

2). informal If you say you bet (someone) that something is true or will happen, you mean you arecertain that it is true or will happen.敢断定例句：I bet (that) he won't come. 我敢断定他不会来。

语言学中的语法结构

语言学中的语法结构语法是语言学的重要分支，它研究的是语言的结构和规则。

语法结构是语言中的基本单位，它决定了句子的组成方式和语言的表达方式。

在语言学中，语法结构可以分为几个不同的层次，包括词汇、短语和句子。

一、词汇结构词汇是语言的基本单位，它是语言中最小的有意义的单元。

在语法结构中，词汇结构是最基本的层次。

词汇结构包括词的形态和词的组合规则。

形态是词的内部结构，它包括词的词根、词缀和词尾。

词根是词的核心部分，它决定了词的基本意义。

词缀是附加在词根上的语素，它可以改变词的形态和词的意义。

词尾是词的结束部分，它可以表示词的性质、时态和数目等。

词的组合规则是词汇结构的另一个重要方面。

在语法结构中，词可以根据一定的规则进行组合，形成短语和句子。

例如，动词可以和名词组合成动词短语，形容词可以和名词组合成形容词短语。

二、短语结构短语是由一个或多个词组成的语言单位，它是句子的组成部分。

在语法结构中，短语结构是词汇结构之上的层次。

短语结构包括短语的组成方式和短语的功能。

短语的组成方式是指短语中各个词的排列顺序和关系。

在英语中，短语的组成方式一般是修饰词在被修饰词之前，例如“beautiful flowers”（美丽的花朵）。

而在汉语中，短语的组成方式一般是修饰词在被修饰词之后，例如“漂亮的花朵”。

短语的功能是指短语在句子中所起的作用。

在语法结构中，短语可以充当主语、宾语、定语、状语等不同的语法角色。

例如，在句子“John bought a book.”（约翰买了一本书）中，短语“a book”充当了宾语的角色。

三、句子结构句子是语言中最基本的表达方式，它由一个或多个词组成，具有完整的意义。

在语法结构中，句子结构是最高层次的结构。

句子结构包括句子的类型和句子的成分。

句子的类型是指句子的基本形式和语法规则。

在语法结构中，句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句等不同的类型。

不同类型的句子有不同的语法规则和句法结构。

词汇和语法结构题型中常考词汇

词汇和语法结构题型中常考词汇：1 虚拟语气宾语从句：order，demand，require，request，direct，command，urge，rule，suggest，advise，vote，propose move，recommend，prefer，decide，insist，desire，decree 主语从句：vital，important，essential，imperative，obligatory，necessary，unnecessary，impossible，sad，strange，natural，advisable，fitting，proper，appropriate，desirable 2 不定式1）通常只接动词不定式作宾语的常考动词：agree，attempt，claim，decide demand，ask，hesitate，beg ，fail，care，consent，promise，desire，hope，intend，learn，offer，plan，refuse，prepare，pretend，strive，require，appear，arrange，expect，manage，tend，afford，wish，want，seem ，struggle，swear，threaten，wait，undertake，venture，seek ，resolve，aim，determine，endeavor，apply，claim，pledge，pretend，profess，refuse，volunteer，vow，happen ，guarantee，neglect，proceed，prove，condescend，consent，trouble，bother（negative），care（negative），choose，fail etc 2）用于动词宾语不定式结构的常考动词：force，hire，tell，require，teach，warn ，allow，ask，inform，beg，convince，expect，invite，order，permit，promise，instruct，prepare，urge，remind，want，advise，persuade，dare，forbid，like，challenge，request，get，need ，oblige，encourage，enable，compel，recommend，declare，prove，command，encourage，enable，lead，press，etc1）用于be 形容词不定式结构的常考形容词anxious，boring，dangerous，pleased，hard，eager，easy，fortunate，strange，good，ready，usual，prepared，surprised，common，useless，asked，lucky，difficult，likely satisfied，careful，sure，glad，bored，certain，etc2）用于名词不定式结构的常考名词：failure，offer，plan，ability，decision，desire，chance，permission，occasion，fun，honor，capacity，wish，pleasure，opportunity，demand，way ，refusal，responsibility，freedom，promise，etc.3）后面跟省去“to”的不定式作宾补的常考动词：see watch，notice，observe，hear，listen to，feel ，get，make，have，let ，help，bid，know，look at ，smell，etc成人学位英语备考词汇中易混淆词一成人本科学位英语考试，除了《成人英语三级词汇手册》列出的词之外，我们学习词汇时还应注意容易混淆的词。

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词汇与语法结构(一)(总分：20.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.English words are not always spoiled ______.A. in the way how they soundB. as they're soundingC. in the way of their soundsD. the way they sound（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：此题考查先行词是the way的定语从句结构，D选项符合语法结构，B的时态不正确。

2.I apologize if I ______ you, but I assure you it was unintentional.A. offendB. had offendedC. should have offendedD. might have offended（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：从后文的时态来看，此句是对过去事实虚拟的if条件句，因此B正确。

3.I'll ______ his reputation, with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A. take into accountB. account forC. make up forD. make out（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：take…into account将……考虑在内，符合句意。

B．account for作为对……的解释；C．make up for补偿，弥补；D．make out，辨认出。

4.His speech was careful and ______, but his words seemed to make no sense.A. distinguishedB. distinctiveC. distinctD. distinguishable（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：distinct清楚确切的，符合语境。

A．distinguished杰出的，尊贵的；B．distinctive与众不同的，有特色的；D．distinguishable可区别的，可辨识的。

5.______, punish him.A. Should anyone misbehave in classB. Anyone should misbehave in classC. Would anyone misbehave in classD. If anyone would misbehave in class（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：if条件句的虚拟语气倒装结构，将should提到句首，表示“万一”。

其他选项均不符合语法结构。

6.Nowadays people's expectations for a higher standard of living increase ______.A. so conditions in China improvingB. conditions in China are improvedC. as conditions in China improveD. as conditions being improved in China（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：句意：人们对更高生活水平的期待增加了，中国的条件也提高了。

A不符合句子逻辑；B缺少连词；D应该用现在分词。

7.What she's saying about the market may be true, but I'm ______ to give it a closer look.A. opposedB. attemptedC. inclinedD. consented（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：be inclined to do…表示“倾向于……”，符合句子含义。

A．be opposed to something反对；B．be attempted to do something尝试，企图；D．consent to something赞同；同意。

8.We had to start at exactly the same time, so we had our watches ______.A. checkedB. testedC. stabilizedD. corrected（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：check one's watch为固定搭配，“校正表；对表”，其他选项的动词没有此用法。

9.Wouldn't you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship?A. becameB. becomeC. would becomeD. becomes（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：would rather(that)+动词过去式表示虚拟语气，故此A选项正确。

10.All had to stay in the open space, especially at night, for the ______ of the warning of an earthquake.A. donationB. dominationC. destinationD. duration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：the duration of…“在……期间”，句意：在地震警告期间所有人在夜间都要呆在空地。

A．donation 捐赠；B．domination控制，支配；C．destination目的地。

11.Their ambitious schemes for making money quickly ______.A. took a chanceB. came to nothingC. went into actionD. got to the point（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：come to something表示“达到某种情况或状态”，句意：他们想赚大钱的野心计划很快就成为泡影了。

A尝试；C采取行动；D中肯，恰当。

12.______ nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip.A. ProvidedB. On condition thatC. See to it thatD. Seeing that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：Seeing that…“鉴于；由于”，用来表示比较明显的原因。

A．Provide(that)和B．on condition(that)在……情况下，倘若，用来引导条件状语从句；C．See to it that务必……，一定注意到……。

13.______ that John would become a well-know statesman.A. A little we thoughtB. Little we thoughtC. Little did we thinkD. A little did we think（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：little为含有否定意义的副词，位于句首，谓语要部分倒装。

14.Baby-sitters paid at the ______ of 4 dollars per hour.A. rateB. priceC. scaleD. standard（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：at the rate of…“以……为费用或价格的量度”，为固定搭配。

句意：临时保姆每小时的报酬为4美元。

15.He is ______ of a musician.A. anybodyB. anyoneC. somebodyD. something（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：something of a…表示“达到某种程度”。

句意：他可以称得上是位音乐家。

16.It's time for us to ______ the traditional Chinese architecture.A. preserveB. reserveC. conserveD. deserve（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：preserve保护，保藏。

句意：是我们来保护中国传统建筑的时候了。

B．reserve预定，储备；C．conserve 保存，储藏；D．deserve应受，值得。

17.Isn't it lovely to think that I ______ myself on the sunny beach tomorrow at this time.A. will enjoyB. am enjoyingC. will be enjoyingD. shall enjoy（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：将来进行时用来表示在将来某个具体的时间预计好要发生的动作。

18.He wasn't asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ______ insufficiently popular with all members.A. having consideredB. was consideredC. was being consideredD. being considered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：过去分词的进行式，用作原因状语，因为主语he与consider是被动关系。

19.His response was ______ that he didn't say yes and he didn't say no.A. soB. whichC. whatD. such（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：such that…为固定搭配，用以引出下文的情况。

句意：他的回答是既没说是也没说不是。

20.Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly ______ him.A. disturbedB. distinguishedC. distressesD. disputes（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：句意：能否得到证书令他烦躁不安。