动词不定式-动名词在句中充当的成分

动名词做表语表陈述事实：试比较 My job is teaching. My job is to protect you. I am to go shopping. 做表语的肯定不能是动词，因此。涉及保留
动词意思，但需改变动词词性的方法，即 doing 或 to do. 前者侧重事实陈述，后者 侧重目的和将要
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动名词做定语，与现在分词做定语的区别：
动名词做定语，表功能，用途 a sleeping car → a car for sleeping a swimming pool → a pool for swimming walking stick --- stick for walking
现在分词做定语，表示被修饰名词本身的动作、行为， 它和名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。
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The worker and the artist, who _____ in the town _____ want to move to village. A. was used to living, don’t B. were used to living, doesn’t C. used to live, don’t D. used to live, doesn’t
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动名词充当宾语：
A. 以下动词只能用动名词作宾语：
can’t help, can’t stand, feel like, give up, put off, admit, advise, avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, escape, finish, forbid, imagine, practice, risk, suggest, bear, stand….
The chance we are looking forward ________ has come here. A. to speaking English B. to to speak English C. to of speaking English D. of speaking English E. to speak English
B. in arriving early
C. to arrive early
D. early to arrive
His effort ___ the college made him quite happy.
A. to enter
B. in entering C. to enter to
D. to enter for E. entering
A组名词，后面如果有动词做定语，要用动词不定式 B组名词，后面如果有动词做定语，要用动词不定式或of
doing sth形式 C组名词， 后面如果有动词做定语，要将动词使用of
doing sth的形式
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Please make an effort ________.
A. of arriving early
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动词不定式做定语，常跟在下面这些名词词后面，起到定 语修饰这些名词的作用：
A. effort failure promise desire B. way, pleasure, plan, time, chance, power C. idea, method, habit, purpose
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Thank you for the trouble _______. A. you have made to help me B. you have had to help me C. you have taken to help me D. you have paid to help me
3. Lily has a habit of asking questions,
A.But then not to listen to the answers. B.But then not listen to the answers. C.And then not listening to the answers. D.And then doesn’t listen to the answers.
have difficulty/trouble/ problem/ fun/ pleasure/ a good time/ a hard time/ in doing sth 但是 take trouble to do sth费心费劲做某事 be / get used to doing sth 习惯做某事 devote to/ stick to / lead to/ get down to / look forward to +doing sth
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2 ---Why aren’t you happy? --- I don’t like the idea ________. A. in getting up early B. of getting up early C. for getting up early D. to get up early
It is comfortable to live in the room.
→The room is comfo精r品tPPaT ble to live in.
动名词做主语：
动名词做主语在下列常见句型中：
It is no use doing sth. 做……没有好处/用处 It is no good doing sth. 做某事无益/无用 It is no harm doing sth. 做……并无害处
再看一些例句： 精品PPT
a. It isn’t right to say so.
b. It is wrong to give up the chance.
c. It isn’t an easy thing to master English.
d. It took us a year to complete this project.
keep doing sth consider doing consider to be
keep on doing sth 考虑做某事 认为
to be doing
to have done
to have been done
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动名词做介词的宾语：
prep + doing 介词后面加动词-ing形式 句型：
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动词不定式做宾语
1. 动词不定式做动词的宾语 2. 动词不定式做介词的宾语
A．以下动词只能接动词不定式做宾语： agree, decide, expect, hope, long, manage, want, plan, pretend, wish, would like, seem, happen, learn, promise, used to, take trouble(不辞辛劳)，set out, make up one’s mind, fail, arrange, hurry, prepare, mean (打算)
动词不定式作主语的重点句型
It is + adj + （for sb ） to do sth （of sb ） to do sth
遇到你真高兴：It is very happy to meet you. 真正的主语是： to do sth
To meet you is very happy. it 只是形式主语保持句子平衡。
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动词不定式做定语
动词不定式可以跟在名词后面做定语。 例如：I have nothing ( to say).
I have nothing (to write). Find me a room ( to live in). Find me a room in which to live. Give me a piece of paper to write on. Give me a piece of paper on which to write. He is a man to depend on. He is a man on whom to depend. 注意：当动词不定式作定语的时候，它和所修饰的名词有 逻辑上的动宾关系，即”做某事“，因此要用主动形式 表被动
e. It cost you 10 yuan to post a book.
注意：当给你一个动词不定式，说”某某做某事…..“，这 时必然产生一个动词不定式的复合结构，即：it is +adj+ for/of sb to do sth. 用for 还是用of要看前 面的形容词，若形容词是形容人的品质，特征的，就 要用of,例如 kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right , foolish, stupid, careless, considerate精品, PrPTude ,naughty, impolite..
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B.以下动词既可接不定式做宾语，又可接动名词做 宾语， 注意意思上的区别：
remember forget regret like stop mean
prefer hate continue remember to do sth 记得去做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过/做了而又忘了 regret to do sth 很遗憾要去做 某事 I regret to tell you a bad news 我很遗憾要告诉你一个 regret doing sth 后悔做了
而别的adj时，则用for. 例如： 1. It is wrong of you to say so. 2. It is important for you to say so. 用of, 还是for 还可以这么判断： 1句说成you are wrong，是合理的。“你是错的”