定语从句 第9讲 -定语从句---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)(讲)(学生版)

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高考英语一轮总复习专题九定语从句学案(含解析)新人教版

高考英语一轮总复习专题九定语从句学案(含解析)新人教版

专题九定语从句考点精讲考点一关系词的用法关系词被修饰的先行词关系词在从句中充当的成分who 指人的词主语、宾语、表语whom 指人的词宾语whose 指人或物的词定语that 指人或物的词主语、宾语、表语which 指物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语as 指人或物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语when 表示时间的名词时间状语where 表示地点的名词地点状语why 表示原因的名词reason 原因状语有些在语言学习上很有成就的人,在其他领域常常一无所成。

I have many friends to whom I'm going to send postcards.我有很多朋友,我打算寄明信片给他们。

Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。

He will tell you everything that he heard about it.他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。

This is the factory(which/that)we visited last year.这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂。

As we know,smoking is harmful to one's health.众所周知,吸烟有害健康。

There are occasions when(=on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where(=in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why(=for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?特别提示: whose指人或物,作定语。

九年级初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习

九年级初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习

一、定语从句的概念定语从句的用法和精练在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who( 宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why 等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。

非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法(一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法作用宾语先行词主语及物动词宾语或没被提前的介词宾语被提前的的介定语词宾语指人Who/that, as Who/whom/that,as 介词+whom Whose/ofwhom指物Which/that, as That/which, as 介词+which Whose/of which1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛. The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue我.丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

(that 作主语)放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

(that 作宾语)2. which 用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarke位t.家超市。

(作主语)于火车站附近的那座大楼是一The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

2022届高考英语语法精讲精练:定语从句

2022届高考英语语法精讲精练:定语从句

2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题(定语从句)考点清单一、关系代词that和which要点精讲1:1.that用作关系代词,指人或物;在句中作主语、宾语,有时作表语;2.that用作关系副词,作方式状语(that相当于in which,可以省略),先行词是the way。

3.只用that不用which的场合:①先行词既为人又为物时;②先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时;③先行词是all, much, little, everything, nothing. anything等不定代词时;④先行词被only, very, little, all等修饰时。

【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。

1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7. (2018·全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【答案与解析】1. that。

人教版九年级英语定语从句语法知识精讲

人教版九年级英语定语从句语法知识精讲

人教版九年级英语定语从句语法知识精讲Unit 9 Grammars 定语从句※一.定语从句的定义及结构1.定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句必须放在先行词的后面。

2.定语从句的基本结构:“先行词+关联词+定语从句。

”定语从句的作用:定语从句在复合句中对先行词起修饰、限制的作用,相当于汉语中的“…的”结构。

※二.定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

1.限制性定语从句:从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。

2.非限制性定语从句,主句与从句之间有逗号分开,定语从句起补充说明作用,如果省去,意思仍完整。

※三.定语从句的引导词(也叫关联词或关系词)定语从句的引导词,放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又代替先行词在从句中充当句子的某一成分。

1.定语从句的引导词分为:关系代词和关系副词●常见的关系代词有:that, which,who,whom,whose●关系副词有:where,when,why等。

2.引导词的作用:⑴关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语和定语;⑵关系副词在从句中作状语关系代词用法巧记歌that指人也指物,主语宾语都能用which指物不指人,主语宾语它也能who和whom都指人,主语宾语要分清whom只作宾who宾、主它都行whose whose 真管用,指人指物它都行只作定语要记清关系代词和关系副词的用法见下表:关系代词指代(先行词) 在从句中所充当的成分which 物作主语或宾语that 人或物作主语或宾语who 人作主语或宾语whom 人作宾语whose 人或物作定语关系副词指代句子成分when 时间作时间状语why 原因作原因状语where 地点作地点状语※四.关系代词和关系副词的具体用法及例句㈠关系代词的用法1. thatthat 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

Unit9 定语从句讲解及配套习题

Unit9 定语从句讲解及配套习题

初中英语定语从句关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which关系副词有:when, where, why一.关系代词引导的定语从句1)先行词是人:who∕whom ∕that ( 区分:who可做主语和宾语,whom只能做宾语) Is he the man ___ wants to see you?He is the man ______I saw yesterday.Yesterday I helped an old man ___lost his wayMr. Liu is the person ____you talked about on the bus.2)先行词是事物:which∕thatThis is the pen ________ you lent to me.I like songs ______ I can sing along with.He likes movies _______ are scary.3) whose 用来指人或物(,若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。

例如:我认识那个车被偷的男人_________________________________________________ 请递给我那本绿色封面的书。

_____________________________________________ 二.关系副词引导的定语从句1)when, where, why ﹦“介词+ which”when= on whichI still remember the day _________ I joined the Party. 。

I won’t forget the day_______ I spent with you .2)where=in/on whichBeijing is the place ________ I was born.I can see the desk _________ there is a book.这是我曾经在那儿学习的学校.________________________________________________ 3)why=for whichIs this the reason ________he refused our help?没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

第9讲定语从句

第9讲定语从句
Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem as none of us worked out.(定语从句)
=Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem that none of us worked it out.(结果状语从句)
新课标高考总复习·英语
创新方案系列丛书
3.which 引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容 则只能位于句末。
(2013·安徽高考单选)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese people's long-held dreams come true.
(2014·浙江高考单选)I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
直到五年级我才成为一个热衷攀爬的人,在那时我登高 去拿下一个卡在树枝上的风筝。
新课标高考总复习·英语
创新方案系列丛书
⑤which 用作定语时。 He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him. 他也许会迟到,那样的话,我们应 该等他。
新课标高考总复习·英语
创新方案系列丛书
二、关系副词引导的定语从句 1.关系副词 when, where, why 的先 行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为 reason)的名词,在从句中作状语。有时 可用“介词+which”结构替换。

新版译林9年级英语语法定语从句讲解与练习及答案

新版译林9年级英语语法定语从句讲解与练习及答案

定语从句前言:虽然定语从句在初中语法中出现的较晚,且中考所占分数比列不高,因此,对学生的要求不是很高,但是初中阶段的定语从句是为高中的进一步学习打下基础,因此,这部分知识比较重要,希望同学们要予以重视。

语法定语从句(一)、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。

主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。

单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。

短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。

如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分(二)、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

高考英语语法定语从句讲解与练习附答案

高考英语语法定语从句讲解与练习附答案

定语从句与高考定语从句是高考的热点,主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用,特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。

主要考点有:1.关系代词who, which, that, whom, as, whose的基本用法。

2.关系副词when, where, why的基本用法。

3.定语从句中关系词的特殊用法。

4.定语从句中“介词+关系代词”介词的确定。

5. which/ as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别。

一、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句定语从句非限制性定语从句二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别区别一:形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开;而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常____用___逗号隔开。

区别二:功能不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意____不明确___;而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用,如果省略,句意不影响。

如:People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。

(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。

(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)比较下面的两个句子:I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的姐姐。

(姐姐不止一个)I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐,她是当医生的。

(只有一个姐姐)区别三:翻译不同在翻译定语从句时,一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前,而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。

如:He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。

I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。

定语从句讲解(完整版)

定语从句讲解(完整版)

定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。

在英语中,定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。

下面,我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。

一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。

引导词通常是先行词,即被修饰的名词或代词;关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来;从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

1. 引导词:先行词通常是名词或代词,它可以是主语、宾语或表语。

例如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)2. 关系词:关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来。

关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。

例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)3. 从句:从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。

例如:那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用,即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。

限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,且不能用逗号与主句隔开。

例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

高中英语语法系统讲解之九定语从句

高中英语语法系统讲解之九定语从句

高中英语语法系统讲解之九定语从句定语从句在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。

引导定语从句并作定语从句中的一个成分的词叫做“关系词”。

常见的关系词有关系代词(who,whom,whose,that,which等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)。

关系词有两个作用:1、放在先行词与定语从句中间起连接作用,引导定语从句;2、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。

关系代词引导的定语从句1、关系代词及其作用一览表2、关系代词特殊用法一览表温馨提示:“whose + 名词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语,又能作宾语,whose的先行词常用来指人,但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念,这时可以与of which结构互换,词序是“the+名词 + of which”。

如Please pass me the book whose cover (the cover of which) is green.3. 关系副词的用法○1由when引导:when指时间,在从句中作时间状语,它所修饰的先行词有time,day,morning,night,week,year等。

如From the time when he was little, he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.○2由where引导:where指地点,在从句中作地点状语,它的先行词有place,spot,street,room,city,country等。

如Is this the room where you were living last winter?Beijing is the place where I was born.○3由why引导:why表示原因,常用在先行词reason后面。

如The reason why he said that is quite clear.I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today.4. 使用关系副词时应注意的几点:○1有些先行词虽不表具体的地点,但表达一种“阶段、境地、形势、地步”,也可用where来引导定语从句。

定语从句讲解和练习

定语从句讲解和练习

定语从句复习提纲※定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。

一,只用that不用which的情况1,当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。

如:Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.2,当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very(恰好的,表示强调)等词修饰时。

例如: The only thing that we could do was to wait.That’s the very thing that we can do.3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

例如:The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.This is the best novel that I have ever read.4、被修饰词为数词时。

例如:Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.5、主句是There be结构,修饰主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。

例句:There’s still a room that is free.6、先行词中同时包括人和物时。

例如:We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered.He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.7、当主句中有who, which时,而定语从句中也要用到who或which时,为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠,定语从句要用that引导。

定语从句详细讲解

定语从句详细讲解

定语从句详细讲解以定语从句为题,详细讲解如下:定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句,用来给出进一步的详细信息。

它通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。

定语从句的作用是对先行词进行补充说明,进一步限定其范围或提供更多细节。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句:关系代词包括“that, who, whom, whose, which”等。

例句1:I have a friend who lives in London.(我有一个住在伦敦的朋友)解释:定语从句“who lives in London”修饰先行词“a friend”,提供了进一步的信息,说明这个朋友住在伦敦。

例句2:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣)解释:定语从句“that I borrowed from the library”修饰先行词“the book”,说明这本书是我从图书馆借来的。

2. 关系副词引导的定语从句:关系副词包括“where, when, why”等。

例句3:I still remember the day when we first met.(我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那天)解释:定语从句“when we first met”修饰先行词“the day”,说明这一天是我们第一次见面的那一天。

例句4:This is the reason why I didn't go to the party.(这就是我没去参加聚会的原因)解释:定语从句“why I didn't go to the party”修饰先行词“the reason”,说明这就是我没去参加聚会的原因。

3. 定语从句的位置:定语从句可以放在先行词之后,也可以放在先行词之前。

例句5:The boy who is playing football is my brother.(正在踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟)解释:定语从句“who is playing football”放在先行词“the boy”之后,修饰这个男孩。

(完整版)定语从句讲解

(完整版)定语从句讲解

1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。

在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。

定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。

被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

二 关系词的用法。

关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词指代先行词,放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾 语、状语等)。

引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ,who ,whom ,whose ,which;关系副词有 when ,where ,why 等。

关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。

who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。

在现代英语里,有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。

作 宾语的关系代词who ,whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外)。

She was the one who did most of the talking 。

大部分时间都是她在说话。

(作主语) The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。

(作宾语)I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。

(作宾语,whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语,且介词提到whom 前面时,不能用who 代替。

Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友,我和他们一起去了公园。

定语从句讲解及练习

定语从句讲解及练习

定语从句1.定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有 3 个作用: 1 ,引导定语从句。

2 ,代替先行词。

3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。

注:关系代词有主语.宾语之分。

一般whom 作为宾语。

4.定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用 , ⋯⋯的 ?表示。

主要由形容词担任。

此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。

短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。

(一)关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语)1. that 既可代表事物也可代表人,which 代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which 在从句中作宾语也可以省略。

[eg :this is the book(which)you want。

]而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which 的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which ,但在带有下列词的句子中用that 而不用which ,这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等,这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时 .还有句中前面有which 时 ,都只能用that4. who 和 whom 引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom 作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose 是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which调换,表达的意思一样。

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习定语从句是高中重点知识,也是高考常考点,大家也不容易掌握,这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容,有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。

定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有:when, where, why等。

18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。

例如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2)whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。

例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which)cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。

例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

超全的定语从句的讲解和练习

超全的定语从句的讲解和练习

定语从句知识结构图解概念:定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句主,宾,表,定先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)(可以省略that)which且不能省略)修饰等There are many young menwho are against him.Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the librarywhich is newly open to us.①先行词是不定代词如②先行词被This is the very book that I want.She described in her compositions the people and用that④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用He built a factory which produced thingsthat had never been seen before.定Who is the person that is standing at the gate?语定语从句从★Such/so句Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.①WhenI still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.②Where① way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式that / in which / 不填The way in which / that / 不填he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.比较: The way which /that/不填he told to us was quite simple.(★way在定语中作tell的宾语)③先行词reason①⒎介词+④Here is the money定注意:语定语从句10从句①当先行词是⒐定语从句的注意:Ⅰ.关系代词whose的用法。

定语从句讲解及练习(含答案)

定语从句讲解及练习(含答案)

定语从句讲解与练习一.定义:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

二.特点:1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2. 关联词:1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。

可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。

2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。

关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。

关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。

关系副词:when, where, why作时间状语。

三.基本结构:先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四.关系代词的用法:1. that 和whichthat指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。

Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。

His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意:The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.3)先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。

It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few 等不定代词时,定语从句只能用thatI want everything (that) I want.I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时,只能用that Here is all the money (that) I have.6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用thatI can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时,定语从句用that引导Is it the one(that)you want?8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that 引导定语从句Who is the girl that won the first place?3. who和whomwho指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。

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2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)第九讲—定语从句【复习概览】一、命题要求定语从句考点是英语高考必考点之一。

在高考中主要考查点有:定语从句关系词、定语从句的先行词、定语从句中的主谓一致、定语从句中的时态等。

二、命题形式本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有:1.语法填空;2.阅读理解中的复杂句子;2.书面表达。

从句在语法填空中是必考点。

2022年从句考点还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。

在这个考点上一定多下工夫,不管花费多大的精力,让学生掌握这个考点都不为过,因为,打开2022年的高考试卷,必然会有非谓语动词。

【基础巩固】知识点:定语从句必备基础知识:在主从复合句中,修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

A. 先行词+ 连词(关系代词)+ 陈述句who 【先行词为人。

主语、宾语。

】whom 【先行词为人。

宾语。

】that【先行词为物/人。

主语、宾语。

】which 【先行词为物。

主语、宾语。

】B. 地方+ where(状语) + 陈述句【where = at/on/in which】时间+ when(状语) + 陈述句【when = at/on/in which】C. 先行词(物/人)+ whose + 名词…whose: 某人的/某物的D. 先行词(人) + 介词+ whom + 陈述句先行词(物) + 介词+ which + 陈述句重难点知识:考点1关系代词引导的定语从句【典例】1. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.2.[2021·八省1月联考]I'm grateful that the assistant responded in a way _______ made me rethink the power of my words.3.[2021·八省1月联考]That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, _______ had recently joined the shop.【方法指导】1.who和whom指人,who在定语从句中作主语;whom在定语从句中作宾语,在限制性定语从句中可省略。

在口语中可用who代替whom。

2.whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语,指物时可用of which代替,指人时可用of whom代替。

3.that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,作宾语或表语时可省略。

4.which指物,在定语从句中作主语和宾语,作宾语时,在限制性定语从句中可省略。

另外,which 可用来指代前面句子的部分或全部内容。

5.下列情况只用that不用which:①先行词是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代词;②先行词被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等词修饰;③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词;④先行词被the only,the very(正是,恰是),the last修饰;⑤先行词中既有人也有物;⑥在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。

【变式】【变式】1[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45— 0 days, then the babies grow without their mother, _______ is a rare phenomenon in nature.【变式】2[2019·上海卷]For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair, ________ information is listed above.考点2关系副词引导的定语从句【典例】1. 【江苏省无锡市第一中学2020—2021学年高三上学期开学考试】TikTok’s woes(麻烦) offer others an opening. In India,50.200 million users lost access to it overnight, a local rival, Roposo, got 22 million sign-ups in 48 hours. In America Facebook is about to launch Instagram “Reels”, a TikTok clone, and YouTube will soon roll out “Shorts”.2. 【2016·全国新课标I】But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.【方法指导】1.先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词,从句中缺少状语时用关系副词when,where,why。

有时可用“介词+which”结构替换。

2.当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。

3.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词,如point,situation,case,stage等,如果引导词在从句中作状语,常用关系副词where引导定语从句;如果作主语、宾语或表语,则用关系代词that/which。

【变式】【变式】11. (2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三二模)Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales.A.which B.where C.when D.why【变式】22. (2021·山东)I don’t know the reason ____ he left without saying anything.A.when B.where C.why D.which【变式】3(2021·天津高三期末)We often reach a point in our life ______ we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improvement power.A.when B.that C.as D.which考点3 “介词+关系代词”引导的【典例】1.【2021·天津3月高考】William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we canlearn without repeating them.A.from which B.in which C.with whom D.for whom2.(2021·天津红桥区·高三一模)Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, ______I can look back and see more clearly my own language.A.By which B.through which C.which D.on which【方法指导】1.若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用whom,指物时常用which。

另外,whose也可以放在介词后,即“介词+whose+名词”结构。

2.该结构中介词的选用(1)一般来说,确定关系代词前的介词,可以从以下三方面入手:①先行词的意义;②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配;③句子的意思。

(2)表示“整体和部分关系”,介词常用of。

常见结构:①在some,any,few,little,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。

②the+比较级或最高级前、后用of which/whom等。

(3)有时“介词+where”可以引导定语从句,此时要和“介词+which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。

【变式】1.(2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模)The Zhuang is an ethnic group________ the population is the largest of all ethnic groups in China.A.of whom B.of which C.of who D.of that2.(2021·天津河北区·高三二模)Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which考点4 as,which引导的定语从句【典例】1.【江苏省无锡市2021届高三上学期期中】If everyone on your team is working different hours, you may be getting emails and messages at all hours of the day, night or weekend, 36.can create an always available, or "always-on” environment.2.(2021·天津河西区·高三二模)Stress is everywhere and in fact it isn't such a bad thing ________ it is oftensupposed to be. A .that B .asC .whatD .which【方法指南】1.as 作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如,正像”,as 引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。

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