主动句变被动句

主动句变被动句

John helped Peter. ----- Peter was helped by John.

转换规则

1、主动句变被动句的实质是将主语和宾语的位置对调，动词由原来的形式变为be加上动

词的过去分词。如不需要突出动作的执行者，也可不要by-词组。

They punished the criminal. ----- The criminal was punished.

2．如果主动句带有情态助动词或半助动词，在变为被动句时，情态动词或半助动词保持不变，谓语动词由主动变为被动。

They should do the work at once. ----- The work should be done at once.

They must have finished their work. ----- Their work must have been finished.

He is likely to let you down. ------ You are likely to be let down.

3、如果主句是双宾语结构，变为被动句时刻有两种形式：一种是以间接宾语作主语；另

一种是以直接宾语作主语。

They offered him some assistance.

----- He was offered some assistance.

----- Some assistance was offered to him.

Father gave me a watch.

----- I was given a watch.

----- A watch was given to me.

4、如果主句的结构带有宾语补足语，变被动的时候要将原来的宾语补语变为主语补语。We have painted the windows white. ----- The windows have been painted white.

They elected Tom monitor of the class. ---- Tom was elected monitor of the class.

5、当主动句变为被动句时，有时用by-词组，有时不用。一般来说，当施动者为谁不太清

楚、不甚重要或不愿说出时，通常不用by词组。但有时为了强调施动者，则须用by 词组。

Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.

Susan was cheated by David.

有时为了避免中途变更主语，不得不用被动句而把施动者置于by-词组中。

He arrived at London where he was met by his friend.

Practice

1.They built this house in 1968.

2.People speak English almost all over the world.

3.No one has ever beaten him at once.

4.They use milk for making butter and cheese.

5.They are repairing my piano at the moment.

6. Somebody had cleaned my shoes.

7.He said they were starting a new system.

8.You can’t wash this dress; you must dry-clean it.

9.They will have to adopt a different attitude.

10.People mustn’t leave bicycles in the hall.