人教版英语必修四第二单元动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
最新人教版高中英语必修四Unit 2 Learning about Languag
Unit 2Working the landLearning about Language动词-ing形式作主语和宾语【语法感知】①Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.②As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.③Y uan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.④However, he doesn’t care about being famous.⑤He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.⑥Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.⑦Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.⑧He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.观察上面句子,思考黑体部分所作的成分:以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是①⑥⑦;作动词宾语的是⑤;作介词(短语)宾语的是②③④⑧。
【语法精讲】动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式。
动词-ing形式的时态和语态:动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用:在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
一、动词-ing形式作主语1.动词-ing形式作主语动词-ing形式作主语时,多表示经常性、习惯性的动作,谓语动词多用单数形式。
【人教新课标高一必修4】动词-ing形式(短语)作主语和宾语
动词-ing形式(短语)作主语和宾语一、动词-ing形式(短语)作主语1. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语，表示比较抽象或泛指的动作。
如：Telling a lie got him into a great deal of trouble.Surfing is a popular sport along coastal areas.2. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it 作形式主语。
如：It is no use complaining —it doesn’t he lp solve the problems.In my opinion, it is simply a waste of time and money raising pets.二、动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语1. 作动词宾语。
有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语，这类动词常见的有admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, consider, dislike, mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practise, suggest等。
如：We are considering flying to Paris for the coming holiday.It seems that he doesn’t mind working late into the night.2. 作介词宾语。
介词后可接动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语。
如：She entered without knocking at the door.My sister is busy in reading picture books.注意：1. 有些动词后接动词-ing形式(短语)和动词不定式(短语)作宾语意义不同，如：remember to do sth. 记住要做某事remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事regret to do sth. 遗憾(抱歉)要做某事regret doing sth. 为做过某事而感到后悔try to do sth. 努力去做某事try doing sth.试着做某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事want doing sth. 需要被做某事(用动词-ing形式的主动形式表被动意义)2. 在动词-ing形式(短语)前面可以加上其逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
人教版高中英语必修四Unit 2 Working the land 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
动词-ing形式作主语【归纳】★动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，谓语动词用单数。
如：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.★动词-ing形式常用于“It is / was +名词/形容词... +动词-ing形式”句型中。
其中，常用此句型的名词有no use, no good, fun等；形容词有useless, nice, good, interesting等。
如：It's no use asking me what I don't know.It was useless speaking.动词-ing形式作宾语【归纳】★有些动词（短语）后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能跟动词不定式作宾语。
常见的有：enjoy, admit, imagine, finish, advise, allow, permit, escape, avoid, appreciate, suggest, keep, practise, consider, mind, give up, look forward to, put off, get used to, insist on等。
如：I want to travel because I enjoy meeting people and seeing new places.Dana admitted feeling hurt by what I had said.She imagined herself sitting in her favourite armchair back home.Have you finished reading that magazine?Why don't you give up smoking?We're so much looking forward to meeting you.★有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可跟动词不定式作宾语, 且后接以上两种形式作宾语时意义上没有什么区别。
人教版英语Book4 Unit2 语法ing形式作主语和宾语
• 有些短语以to 结尾，但后面需加ing形式作宾语， • 如be/ get used to (习惯于)， look forward to (盼望)，pay attention to (注意)， devote...to(把...奉献 给 )等
• 其他需加-ing形式作宾语的短语： • • • • • • • • • feel like(喜欢), be busy (in) (忙于), be tired of(厌烦), be fond of(喜欢), be afraid of(害怕), think of / about(考虑), keep on(继续), insist on(坚持), be good at(擅长), give up(放弃), can’t stand (无法忍受) spend… (in) doing, succeed in doing(成功做), have difficulty / trouble (in) doing (做…有麻烦) can’t help doing (情不自禁做)
• • • •
Please go on doing _____(do) the same exercise． to do (do) the other exercise． Please go on _____ Stop _______ talking (talk), please ． to have He stopped __________(have) a rest after a tiring walk．
It is worth / worthwhile watching this movie. 2.玩电脑游戏是浪费时间的。 It is a waste of time playing the computer games. 3.说这样的话是没有用的。 It is no use saying such a thing.
高中英语人教新课标必修四Unit 2Grammar-动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语概念:动网-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式。
包括现在分词.动词-ing形式的时态和语态：语态主动语态被动语态时态一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用:动名词在句中作主语,宾语、表语和定语。
现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。
一、动词-ing形式作主语1. 动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。
Saying in one thing. and doing is another.说是一回事，而做是另一回事。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
[名师点津](1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。
To lie to her in wrong.对她撒谎不对。
(2)动名词作主语时，请请动词用单数。
Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。
2.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语。
用所给词的适当形式填空。
此类句式常见的有:It is a waste of time doing.. ... 做....是浪费时间的。
It is no good/ use doing.. .. 做.....是没用的。
It is worthwhile doing.. 做....是值得的。
It is useless doing. .. .. 做...没有用。
It is no fun doing.. 做...没有乐趣。
悔恨过去是没用的。
(2)It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter.同他争辩这件事真是浪费时间。
(3)It is a waste of time trying to persuade him to give up playing computer games.试图说服他放弃玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。
必修四Unit2动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补
必修四Unit 3 -ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法-ing形式作表语-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。
如：Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。
My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。
His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。
She was very pleasing in her appearance.-ing形式作定语1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。
如：building materials = materials for building 建筑材料drinking water = water for drinking饮用水a walking stick = a stick for walking手杖 a reading room = a room for reading阅览室a writing desk = a desk for writing写字台tiring music = music that is tiring烦人的音乐a surprising result = a result that is surprising一个惊人的结果2. -ing形式短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。
如：They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。
The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。
必修4-unit2-ing形式用作主语或宾语
－ing 形式用作主语或宾语【教学内容】-ing形式用作主语和宾语【教学目标】熟练掌握并运用哪些动词后面接-ing形式，哪些接to do【教学重难点】-ing形式可以作主语和宾语，哪些动词后面接-ing形式，哪些接to do【课程导入】Eg:→Swimming is my favourite sport.(swimming,动词的-ing形式作主语）→I like swimming.(swimming,动词的-ing形式作宾语）►作主语●动词的-ing形式作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。
动词-ing形式作主语放在句首，谓语动词用单数。
Eg:①唱歌是我的爱好。
（sing）→Singing is my hobby.②空谈无济于事。
（talk）→Talking mends no holes.▼把-ing形式置于句尾时，常用it作形式主语，常用的的句型有：●It is/was a waste of time doing做……是浪费时间的●It is /was no good/use doing做……是没有用处的●It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing做……是不值得的●It is/was worth/worthwhile doing做……是值得的●There is no doing.......无法……Eg:①It is fun playing with children.和孩子们一起玩真有趣。
②It is no good waiting here.在此等待毫无用处。
③There is no joking about such matters.对这种事情开不得玩笑。
▼-ing的复合结构●-ing充当主语或宾语时，如果强调-ing的逻辑上的主语（不是句子中真正的主语，而是除了主句外，另外一个动作的发出者），就要用-ing的复合结构-ing的复合结构的构成：作主语时只能用名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+-ingEg:①My sister’s being ill made me worried.我姐姐生病了使我很担心。
人教版高中英语必修四Unit2Workingtheland动词ing形式作主语和宾语
高中英语学习材料madeofjingetieji动词--ing形式作主语和宾语动名词是非谓动词的又一种形式。
它在形式上与现在分词相同，都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。
在现代语法中，这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。
这两种形式的另一个相同之处是：它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。
动名词- 概述动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。
它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。
时态/语态主动被动一般式 writing being writtenhaving been written完成式havingwritten动名词- 动名词的结构和形式动名词的否定结构动名词的否定结构由not加动名词组成。
如：Trying without success is better than not trying at all.实验没有成功也比不实验好。
He hated himself for not having work hard.他悔恨自己没有用功。
I’m sorry for not having telephoned you before.很抱歉，没有早给你打电话。
He felt sorry for not having done the work well.他为没有把工作做好感到难过。
I fancy it has done you a lot of good not going.我看不去对你倒好了。
（not going 是动名词一般式的否定形式）There is no denying the fact that he is diligent. （no denying 也是动名词一般式的否定）动名词复合结构通常情况下，动名词的逻辑主语为谓语动词的主语。
必修四Unit2动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
必修四Unit2动词-ing形式作主语和宾语动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。
Playing tricks on others is something we should never do.②用形式主语it，把真正作主语动的名词结构移置句尾。
但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful, useless, good, fun, no use, worth等。
如：It’s worth making the effort.这事值得去做。
It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
Is it any good trying to explain? 想再解释一次有好处吗？It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
③在there be结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do…”如：There is no hiding of evil but not to do it. 若要人不知，除非己莫为。
Here is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。
There was no knowing when he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。
动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。
如：As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure.还是个孩子的时侯，她就觉得探视病人是一种责任，也是一种愉悦。
To be a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me.到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。
人教版高中英语必修4 Unit 2 Working the land 语法：v-ing做主语宾语课课
B. cleaned
C. to clean D. cleaning
2. Jack said that he wouldn't mind __
for us.
A. to wait B. wait
C. waiting D. waited
3. ---Robert is indeed a wise man. ---Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ___his advice. A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking
We don't allow_s_m__o_k_in_g_ (smoke) here． We don't allow anybody_t_o_s_m__o_k_e_here．
3．有些动词或短语动词后
可接动名词又可接不定式 ，但意 义不同。
我记得我已把信寄了。 I remember posting the letter． 我会记着去寄信的。 I’ll remember to post the letter．
regret (not)＋doing “后悔(没)做过某事” regret to do “遗憾地要去干某事”
4. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ___.
A. need repairing
动词-ing形式作宾语的用法
有些动词或短语动词后常用动词-ing形式作宾语：
admit（承认）, avoid(避免)，consider, can’t stand（不能忍受）, dislike, enjoy， escape（逃脱、避开）, feel like, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss（错过）, practise, suggest, appreciate, forgive， deny(否认)， risk, delay/put off…
人教高中英语必修4Unit2-ing形式作主语或宾语(共27张PPT)
opportunity.
•6. Mr Smith agree__t_o_h_e_l_p___(help) us with our
science project.
•7. The key to solve the problem is to meet the
• 动词-ing形式可以用作句子的主语和宾语： •1.动词-ing形式作主语，通常位于句首, 谓语 动词用单数形式。我们也可用it作形式主语, 真正主语——整个动词-ing形式短语）位于 句末。 •2. 动词-ing短语作动词的宾语，动词-ing短语 也作介词的宾语。
Task 1 Complete the sentences with the given words in proper forms.
•Task 2 Fill in the blank with correct phrases. 用正确的短语填空。
1)__A_r_g_ui_n_g_w_i_th__m_e____（与我争论）takes much of my little brother’s time. 2)__R_ea_d_i_n_g_a_lo_u_d__in__th_e__r_e_ad_i_n_g_-r_o_o_m_(在阅 览室大声朗读) is a bad habit. 3)I’m looking forward to __h_av_i_ng__a__go_o_d__h_oliday (有一个美好的假期). 4). In some parts of London, _m_is_s_in_g__a_b_u_s （错过一辆公交车） means waiting for another of time talking about that with her.
必修4 Unit 2 Working the land 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容It is / was useless / no use / no good doing …做……是无用/无益的It is/was worth/worthwhile doing …做……是值得的It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
It’s worth making the effort. 这事值得去做。
It’s a waste of time arguing about it. 争辩此事是在浪费时间。
(3) 在there is no 结构中通常用动词-ing形式作主语常见的句型有：There is/was no doing…无法在……；不允许……There is/was no sense (in) doing…做……没有道理/意义There is/was no use/ point (in ) doing…干……无意义There is no joking about such matter.这种事开不得玩笑。
You don’t take advice so there is no point in asking for it.你不听劝说，因此征求别人的意见也就没有什么意义了。
注意：There is no need to do sth. 干……没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为doing。
There is no need to tell her. 没有必要告诉她。
2.动词-ing 形式作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动词-ing 形式作主语通常表示一种抽象的动作概念，即泛指某种行为或动作；不定式作主语通常表示具体动作或具体意义。
Talking mends no holes. 空谈于事无补。
It’s an honor for me to be invited to the party.我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。
3. 当动词-ing 形式用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格构成。
人教版高中英语必修四unit2 Grammar
2. 动词-ing形式作主语时常后置, 用it作形式主
语，用形容词或名词作表语。常见的作表语 的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time等。如： ① Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her? ② It’s no good waiting here. ③ Let’s go home. It was a waste of time reading that book.
既跟动词-ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:
双方一旦开始，不论喜欢讨厌，都得继续下去。 不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。 begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue remember, forget, try, mean, stop, regret, want, need, require
consider, suggest / advise, look forward 考虑建议盼原谅，to, excuse, pardon 承认推迟没得想，admit, delay / put off, fancy
避免错过继续练，avoid, miss, keep /keep on, practise
否认完成停欣赏，deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡，can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape 不准冒险凭想象。 forbid, risk, imagine
动词-ing形式作宾语 1. 有些动词如admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest等后能接 动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动 词不定式。如： We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.
必修4 Unit2 非谓语 v-ing
必修4 Unit2 语法动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语非谓语动词分为动名词(即：v-ing)、动词不定式和分词（现在分词和过去分词）三种。
非谓语在句中不能作谓语，所以没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
非谓语在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。
本单元我们主要学习动名词作主语和宾语的用法。
一、动词的-ing形式作主语1. 动词的-ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语用单数。
①Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。
②Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。
③Seeing is believing. 眼见为实④Listening to music is one of my favorite hobbies.温馨提示：动词的-ing和不定式都可以作主语，动词的-ing作主语表示经常性、习惯性的动作，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作，作宾语时的情况也是如此。
①To watch a football match is what I want to do today.(to do做主语表示一次性或具体的动作)②Swimming is great exercise.游泳是项很好的锻炼。
③To clean the classroom is his job today.2.常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：(1)It is/was +adj. +doing sth.It is/was worthwhile doing 做……是值得的(2) It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间(3) It is/was+ no +n.+ doing sth.It is/was no use doing 做……没用处It is/was no good doing 做……没有好处(4) 在there be 句型中There is/was +no +doing (joking/ knowing…) 无法……，不允许……There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的There is/was +no +n.+ doin g→There is/was no sense in doing 做……没有道理There is/was no point doing 做……无意义e.g.①It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收②It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.③There is nothing worse than failing in the exam.没有比考试不及格更糟糕的事情了。
人教版高中英语必修4 语法探究：动词-ing作主语和宾语
语法探究：动词-ing作主语和宾语仔细观察下列句子,并注意画线部分的用法。
1.A.Listening to music is one of my favorite hobbies.B.As we all know, smoking does harm to one s health.2.A.It s no use talking to him; he won t change his mind.B.It is simply a waste of time discussing such matters with him.3.A.Joan suggested asking her father for his opinion.B.We are considering flying to Egypt for the coming holiday.4.A.He made a poor living by selling newspapers on the train.B.The man left the party without saying goodbye to the host.从以上1~4组例句中,我们可以归纳总结出动词-ing形式作主语的用法的特征:1.通过观察第1组例句,我们可以发现动词-ing形式作主语表示(1)或(2)的多次性的行为。
2.通过观察第2组例句,我们可以发现在句型It s + no good(no use, useless, a waste of time, nice...) + doing sth 中,(3)是形式主语,后面的动词-ing(短语)作真正的主语。
3.通过观察第3组例句,我们可以发现动词-ing形式作宾语的用法特征:有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式作(4),如第3组例句中的suggest和consider。
常见的这类动词还有admit, avoid, enjoy, escape, mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practise等。
高中英语人教版必修四 -ing 作主语、宾语
Grammar: the -ing form as the Subject and Object1.动词-ing形式的时态，语态及否定形式（1）动词-ing形式的一般式与完成式（to do为例）①一般式主动形式：doing被动形式：being done→My son insists on going there with me.→He remembered being taken→→to Beijing when he was a child.②完成式主动形式：having done被动形式: having been done→Mary regretted having wasted so much time.（2）动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前直接加上not。
→Nor waiting to continue my service in the company, I joined the army.（3）动词-ing形式在时态上分为一般式和完成式。
一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或在其后发生的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。
（4）动词-ing形式在语态上分为主动式和被动式。
主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动词-ing形式的动作执行者；被动式表示它的逻辑主语是动词-ing形式的动作承受者。
Practice（1）完成句子①He’s been used to ______ ______ ______ ______（晚睡觉）.②I’m very sorry for ______ _______ ______（没有遵守）my promise.Suggested answers:①going to bed late ②not having kept（2）单项填空The athlete apologized to the people for ______ the gold medal.A.not winningB.winning notC.having not wonD.Not wonSuggested answers: A2.动词-ing形式作主语（1）单个的动词-ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性的、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数形式；意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
必修4Unit2非谓语v-ing
必修4 Unit2语法动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语非谓语动词分为动名词（即：v-ing）、动词不定式和分词（现在分词和过去分词）三种。
非谓语在句中不能作谓语，所以没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
非谓语在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。
本单元我们主要学习动名词作主语和宾语的用法。
一、动词的-ing形式作主语1. 动词的-ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语用单数。
①Talking to him is talking to a wall.和他说话等于对牛弹琴。
② Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。
③ Seeing is believing.眼见为实④ Listening to music is one of my favorite hobbies.温馨提示：动词的-ing和不定式都可以作主语，动词的-ing作主语表示经常性、习惯性的动作，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作，作宾语时的情况也是如此。
①To watch a football match is what I want to do today.（to do 做主语表示一次性或具体的动作）②Swimming is great exercise游泳是项很好的锻炼。
③To clean the classroom is his job today.2. 常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：(1)It is/was +adj. +do ing sth.It is/was worthwhile doi ng 做....... 是值得的⑵ It +be +a waste of time doi ng 做 ... 是浪费时间(3) It is/was+ no +n.+ doing sth.It is/was no use doing 做.... 没用处It is/was no good doi ng 做 .. 没有好处(4) 在there be 句型中There is/was +no +do ing (jok ing/ knowin g …) 无法... ,不允许……There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比…… 更糟的There is/was +no +n.+ doing sThere is/was no sense in doing 做…… 没有道理There is/was no point doing 做…… 无意义e.g.①It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收②It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.③T here is nothing worse than failing in the exam. 没有比考试不及格更糟糕的事情了。
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一、动词-ing形式作主语
●动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。
动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首。
例如：
Listening to music is my sister’s hobby.
●动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。
常用的结构：
1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing
2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of …etc. + v-ing 例如：
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
●动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。
1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语：
admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。
2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语：
be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。
3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区
别：
●like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：如果like, love, prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。
如：Would you like to go shopping with me?
●下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：
forget doing 忘记已做过某事；forget to do 忘记要做某事
remember doing 记得做过某事；remember to do 记住要做某事
mean doing 意思是，意味着；mean to do 打算做
regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do 遗憾要做某事
can’t help doing 禁不住做；can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。
●在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或
代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如：
We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
●动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形
式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。
如：
Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.
三、动词-ing的复合结构
动词-ing的复合结构即：物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。
如：
Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.
Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone?
四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式(having done) 两种时态，一般式的被动语态是being done，完成式的被动语态是having been done。
动词-ing 的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。
例如：
I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.
【巩固练习】
单项填空。
1. The suggestion they all objected to ________ very effective finally.
A. proved
B. proving
C. prove
D. to prove
2. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________ the answers ready will be of great
help.
A. To have had
B. Having had
C. Have
D. Having
3. — What made you so happy?
—________ the first prize.
A. Get
B. Getting
C. Got
D. To get
4. I really appreciate ________ a great effort to help me out of the trouble.
A. you to take
B. your to take
C. your taking
D. your being taken
5. I still remember ________ to see films in the open air when I was small.
A. to take
B. taking
C. being taken
D. to be taken
6. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ________.
A. need repairing
B. needs to repair
C. needs repairing
D. need to repair
7. — You did very well at the meeting, Black.
—Well, I regret ________ that to the boss.
A. say
B. to say
C. said
D. having said
8. It is worth considering what makes ”convenience” foods so popular, and ________ better ones
of your own.
A. introduces
B. to introduce
C. introducing
D. introduced
Key: 1–4 ADBC 5–8 CADC。