动词的时态、语态及主谓一致
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提示类填空 第1讲 动词的时态、语态及主谓一致
技法1: 基本定义需记牢 高考语法填空对时态的考查多为基本定义的考查, 因此掌握高考考试说明中规定的时态的基本用法对解 题非常重要。
【典例导引】 (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and________ (be)too violent for use at the table.
②看到yesterday, last +时间(如last+ week, month, year, Monday等), in+过去的年份, 时间+ ago(如a few minutes ago, two weeks ago, years ago等), before, the age of, the other day, once upon a time, 时间段+later等 时间状语, 要想到用一般过去时;
【解题思路】 ①分析句子结构→句子缺少谓语 ②根据时间状语after two and a half years判断→表示 过去的情况 尝试解答: _d_r_o_v_e
【技法解读】牢记各种时态常用标志词 ①看到always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month. . . ), once a week(day, year, month. . . ), on Sundays等时间状语, 想到一般现在时;
【解题思路】 ①分析句子结构→句子缺少谓语 ②根据从句中的would及连词and判断→谓语动词表示 过去→联想表示过去的时态的基本定义 尝试解答: _w_e_r_e_
【技法解读】准确理解高考常考的七种时态的基本用 法 ①表示经常性或习惯性动作、客观事实或存在的状态 要想到用一般现在时; Light travels at 300, 000 kilometers a second. 光每秒传播30万千米。
②表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态要想 到用一般过去时; Sam wasFra Baidu biblioteklate for school this morning because he didn’t sleep until midnight. 山姆今天早上上学迟到了是因为他半夜才睡觉。
③表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态要想 到用一般将来时; In the near future, more advances in the robot technology will be made by scientists. 在不久的将来, 科学家们将在机器人技术上取得更多进 展。
③看到tomorrow, next day(week, month, year. . . ), soon, the day after tomorrow, in+时间段(in two hours, in a few minutes等), in the future等时间段, 要想到用一般 将来时; ④看到now, at this time, at this moment, look, listen, at present, these days, this week等标志词, 要想到用现在 进行时;
⑥表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态, 其产生的影响 或结果现在还存在; 或持续到现在的动作或状态要想到 用现在完成时; His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month. 自从上个月出版以来, 他的第一部小说 就受到了好评。
⑦表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成, 即 “过去的过去”时要想到用过去完成时; The news came as no surprise to me. I had known for some time that the factory was going to shut down. 这个消息的到来对我来说没什么可吃惊的。工厂将要 倒闭的消息我已经知道有一段时间了。
③Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I _h_a_d__le_f_t (leave)my book in the cafe. ④The best information about hotels usually _c_o_m_e_s_ (come)from friends who have been there.
④表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作要想到用现在进 行时; Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much. 青少年正在毁掉他们的健康, 因为他们玩太多电脑游戏 了。
⑤表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作要想 到用过去进行时; She was writing a book about America last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it. 她去年在写一 本关于美国的书, 但我不知道她现在是否写完了。
技法2: 时间状语要明了 在高考语法填空中, 有时会直接给出时间标志, 考 生可以根据所给标志词或时间状语轻松得出答案。
【典例导引】 (2016·四川高考)Then, after two and a half years, the mother ________ (drive)the young panda away.
【题组过关】 ①(2016·北京高考改编)I _h_a_v_e_r_e_a_d_(read)half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. ②(2016·北京高考改编)Jack w__a_s_w__o_rk__in_g_(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.
技法1: 基本定义需记牢 高考语法填空对时态的考查多为基本定义的考查, 因此掌握高考考试说明中规定的时态的基本用法对解 题非常重要。
【典例导引】 (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and________ (be)too violent for use at the table.
②看到yesterday, last +时间(如last+ week, month, year, Monday等), in+过去的年份, 时间+ ago(如a few minutes ago, two weeks ago, years ago等), before, the age of, the other day, once upon a time, 时间段+later等 时间状语, 要想到用一般过去时;
【解题思路】 ①分析句子结构→句子缺少谓语 ②根据时间状语after two and a half years判断→表示 过去的情况 尝试解答: _d_r_o_v_e
【技法解读】牢记各种时态常用标志词 ①看到always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month. . . ), once a week(day, year, month. . . ), on Sundays等时间状语, 想到一般现在时;
【解题思路】 ①分析句子结构→句子缺少谓语 ②根据从句中的would及连词and判断→谓语动词表示 过去→联想表示过去的时态的基本定义 尝试解答: _w_e_r_e_
【技法解读】准确理解高考常考的七种时态的基本用 法 ①表示经常性或习惯性动作、客观事实或存在的状态 要想到用一般现在时; Light travels at 300, 000 kilometers a second. 光每秒传播30万千米。
②表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态要想 到用一般过去时; Sam wasFra Baidu biblioteklate for school this morning because he didn’t sleep until midnight. 山姆今天早上上学迟到了是因为他半夜才睡觉。
③表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态要想 到用一般将来时; In the near future, more advances in the robot technology will be made by scientists. 在不久的将来, 科学家们将在机器人技术上取得更多进 展。
③看到tomorrow, next day(week, month, year. . . ), soon, the day after tomorrow, in+时间段(in two hours, in a few minutes等), in the future等时间段, 要想到用一般 将来时; ④看到now, at this time, at this moment, look, listen, at present, these days, this week等标志词, 要想到用现在 进行时;
⑥表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态, 其产生的影响 或结果现在还存在; 或持续到现在的动作或状态要想到 用现在完成时; His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month. 自从上个月出版以来, 他的第一部小说 就受到了好评。
⑦表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成, 即 “过去的过去”时要想到用过去完成时; The news came as no surprise to me. I had known for some time that the factory was going to shut down. 这个消息的到来对我来说没什么可吃惊的。工厂将要 倒闭的消息我已经知道有一段时间了。
③Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I _h_a_d__le_f_t (leave)my book in the cafe. ④The best information about hotels usually _c_o_m_e_s_ (come)from friends who have been there.
④表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作要想到用现在进 行时; Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much. 青少年正在毁掉他们的健康, 因为他们玩太多电脑游戏 了。
⑤表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作要想 到用过去进行时; She was writing a book about America last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it. 她去年在写一 本关于美国的书, 但我不知道她现在是否写完了。
技法2: 时间状语要明了 在高考语法填空中, 有时会直接给出时间标志, 考 生可以根据所给标志词或时间状语轻松得出答案。
【典例导引】 (2016·四川高考)Then, after two and a half years, the mother ________ (drive)the young panda away.
【题组过关】 ①(2016·北京高考改编)I _h_a_v_e_r_e_a_d_(read)half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. ②(2016·北京高考改编)Jack w__a_s_w__o_rk__in_g_(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.