geoffrey chaucer
杰弗里·乔叟 英语介绍..
6《百鸟议会》(The
Parliament of
Fowls,1380) 7《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》（Troilus and Cryseyde） 他翻译过的法国文学作品有《玫瑰传奇》 (Romance of the Rose)
坎特伯雷故事集(The Canterbury Tales)简介：
Geoffrey Chaucer，1343年－ 1400年）
杰弗里· 乔叟
杰弗里· 乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer，1343年－1400 年），英国诗歌之父,英国文学史上第一位现实主义作 家(The father of English poetry ) Geoffrey Chaucer was an English author, poet, philosopher , bureaucrat , courtier and diplomat . Although he wrote many works, he is best remembered for his unfinished frame narrative The Canterbury Tales . Sometimes called the father of English literature,
《坎特伯雷故事集》(The
Canterbury Tales) 的“总序”（General Prologue）介绍了香 客聚集在塔巴德客店，准备去坎特伯雷朝圣 的情况。
As soon as April pierces to the root 当四月的气息渗透植物的根须与三月的干旱 The drought of March, and bathes each bud and shoot 生灵滋养，花草粲粲 Through every vein of sap with gentle showers 轻柔的甘霖如血液流入枝干 From whose engendering liquor spring the flowers; 似美酒令花醺然
英美文学Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400)—“Father of English literaturepoetry乔叟-英国诗歌之父
2. Made the dialect of London the foundation for modern English language Refer to the lecture notes “English Poetry”; North-East Normal University, Chenjia and others for details
Key Points to Teach:
1.
2. 3. 4.
characters of the work; artistic features; Chaucer’s English; English Metrics
I. Chaucer’s His Life (1340—1400)
——father of English poetry ) Wine merchant’s family, rub elbows with people from different walks of life.(refer to North-East Normal University; lecture notes for presentation)
II. His works / writing periods of career
1. French period (1360’s —1372) 1） The Book of the Duchess (1369—70) 2） The Romaunt of the Rose
2. Italian period (1372—1385)
Knight, squire, prioress, landed proprietor, wealthy tradesman, drunk cook, humble plowman, doctor, lawyer, monks of different orders, nuns, priests, a summoner, 5 husbands and lovers, a sailor, a miller, a carpenter, a yeoman, an oxford scholar, wife of Bath (most interesting), well-to-do independent, control over man
杰弗里·乔叟(Geoffrey
• 1357年做宫廷侍童， • 1359年参加对法作战时被俘，翌年由国王赎 回， • 1361年-1367年在内殿法学协会受训， • 1366年与王后寝宫的女官结婚，此后多次代 表爱德华三世出使欧洲大陆，到过比利时、法 国、意大利等国，有机会遇见薄伽丘与彼特拉 克，这对他的文学创
杰弗里· 乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer)
（Geoffrey Chaucer， 1342年—1400年），英国 中世纪著名作家，出生于一个 酒商家庭。1359年随爱德华 三世的部队远征法国，被法军 俘虏，不久以黄金赎回。乔叟 当过国王侍从，出使许多欧洲 国家，两度访问意大利，发现 了但丁、薄伽丘和彼特拉克的 作品，对他的文学创作起了极 大的作用。
★杰弗雷· 乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer,约
三个时期
• 乔叟的诗歌创作分为三个时期：
• ①法国影响时期（1359～1372）：主要翻译并仿效法国诗人的 作品，创作了《悼公爵夫人》(The Book of the Duchess (1369))，用伦敦方言翻译了法国中世纪长篇叙事诗《玫瑰传奇》 等。 • ②意大利影响时期（1372～1386）：诗人接触了资产阶级人文 主义的进步思想。这一时期的创作如《百鸟会议》、《特罗伊勒 斯和克莱西德》(Troilus and Criseyde (c. 1385))、《好女 人的故事》，反映了作者面向生活现实的创作态度和人文主义观 点。 • ③成熟时期（1386～1400）：乔叟在这最后15年里从事《坎 特伯雷故事集》的创作。无论在内容和技巧上都达到他创作的顶 峰。他首创的英雄双韵体为以后的英国诗人所广泛采用，被誉为 “英国诗歌之父”。 • 乔叟早期的创作受意大利和法国文学的影响。他把法国文学 中的骑士传奇、抒情诗和动物寓言故事等引入英国文学。其早期 作品《特罗勒斯和克莱西德》(1385)，人物性格塑造生动细腻， 语言机智幽默。 从1377年开始，乔叟多次
chaucer对英国文学的贡献
chaucer对英国文学的贡献
乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）是14世纪英国最著名的作家之一，他对英国文学的贡献可以从以下几个方面来分析：
1. 《坎特伯雷故事集》(The Canterbury Tales)：这是乔叟最著名的作品，被认为是英国文学史上最重要的诗歌作品之一。
故事集中包含了许多个人故事，通过各式各样的人物和叙述方式，反映了当时社会各阶层的特点、宗教观念以及人性的各种弱点和美德。
乔叟通过这部作品推动了英语作为文学语言的发展。
2. 诗歌技巧：乔叟在诗歌创作方面采用了一些新颖的手法，为后来的英国诗人提供了启发。
他采用了押韵和节奏来打破传统的中世纪拉丁诗歌的形式，使英语成为创作诗歌的主要语言。
他的作品中使用了许多修辞手法和修辞词句，例如隐喻、讽刺和象征，对后来的英国文学产生了深远的影响。
3. 文学表达：乔叟的作品为后来的英国文学提供了文学表达的模板和范例。
他的作品呈现了丰富多样的人物形象和情节，描写了人性和社会现象。
他的写作风格自然而生动，通过对话和描写展示人物的性格和行为。
乔叟以他丰富的想象力和生动的描写能力，为后来的作家提供了灵感和写作技巧。
4. 社会意识：乔叟在他的作品中揭示了当时社会的弊端和不公正，如封建专制、道德堕落等。
他对社会现象和个人命运的观察和批判，促使英国文学从中世纪的封建观念中解脱出来，为人们认识社会和个人自由提供了一个新的视角。
总的来说，乔叟不仅在文学形式上做出了创新，而且通过他的作品揭示了当时社会的问题，推动了英语作为文学语言的发展，并为后来的英国文学做出了重要贡献。
Geoffrey Chaucer
创作时期
作品~影响
评价
Geoffrey Chaucer
简介
创作时期
作品~影响
评价
简介
创作时期
简介
杰弗雷·乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer,约1343～1400）英国诗人。 杰弗雷·乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer,约1343～1400）英国诗人。 他的个人生活是 相当丰富的：1357年做宫廷侍童，1359年 相当丰富的：1357年做宫廷侍童，1359年 参加对法作战时被俘，翌年由国王赎回，1361年 1367年在内 参加对法作战时被俘，翌年由国王赎回，1361年-1367年在内 1366 殿法学协会受训，1366年与王后寝宫的女官结婚，此后多次代 殿法学协会受训，1366年与王后寝宫的女官结婚，此后多次代 表爱德华三世出使欧洲大陆，到过比利时、法国、意大利等国， 有机会遇见薄伽丘与彼特拉克，这对他的文学创作产生了很大的 影响。 1374年，乔叟任伦敦毛皮关税管理员，1382年兼任酒类及其 1374年，乔叟任伦敦毛皮关税管理员，1382年兼任酒类及其 它商品的关税管理员。1385年，乔叟任肯特郡治安法官，第二 它商品的关税管理员。1385年，乔叟任肯特郡治安法官，第二 年被选为该郡骑士代表出席议会下院。 1389年理查德亲政后，乔叟又先后担任过王室建筑工程主事 1389年理查德亲政后，乔叟又先后担任过王室建筑工程主事 和萨默塞特王室森林副主管。乔叟在庇护者失宠期间，被剥夺了 官位和年金，经济拮据。他曾写过打油诗《致空囊》 官位和年金，经济拮据。他曾写过打油诗《致空囊》给刚登基的 亨利四世，申诉自己的贫穷。 1400年乔叟逝世，安葬在伦敦威斯敏特斯教堂的“ 1400年乔叟逝世，安葬在伦敦威斯敏特斯教堂的“诗人之 角”(Poet's Corner)，他也是第一位葬于此的诗人。 Corner)，他也是第一位葬于此的诗人。
Geoffrey_Chaucer_(杰弗里。乔叟)
• The Prologue of the Wife of Bath’s Tale The wife of Bath speaking “Experience--and no matter what they say In books--is good enough authority For me to speak of trouble in marriage. For ever since I was twelve years of age, Thanks be to God, I’ve had no less than five Husbands at church door--if one may believe I could be wed so often legally!” (P.220)
无忧PPT整理发布
7.The Wife of Bath （巴斯城的妇女） 巴斯城的妇女）
• The wife of Bath shows Chaucer’s keen observation and his unsurpassed (无比的) talent for characterization. • She is the owner of a cloth factory, lighthearted, merry, somewhat vulgar (粗俗的), and exceedingly (非常) talkative. • It is a vivid sketch (概述) of a woman of the middle class, and a colorful picture of the domestic life of that class in Chaucer’s day.
杰费雷·乔叟--Geoffrey Chaucer
选段参考译文
在这时节，有一天，我正停憩在伦敦南岸萨得克 的泰巴客店，虔心诚意，准备去坎特伯雷朝圣， 到了晚上，客店中来了二十九位形形色色的朝 圣客，凑巧结成了旅伴，他们都不约而同，要 赴坎特伯雷的盛会；当时客店的屋舍马厩却很 宽敞，我们舒舒服服地安顿下来。简单说来， 到了夕阳西沉的时分，我已同每人相识交谈， 约定了一齐早起出发。可是，在我开讲这故事 之前，我想暂抽一部分时间，先谈一下每人的 个别情况，由我的角度看去，他们是何种人物， 属于哪一个社会阶层，穿着怎样。现在我将先 讲一个武士。
Unit 1 Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400)
杰弗里·乔叟
Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟
杰弗里·乔叟简介
英国最早具有人文主义思想的代表诗人，也 是现实主义文学的奠基人。早年受法国文 学的影响，代表作品是《悼公爵夫人》 (The Book of the Duchess)和用伦敦方言翻 译了法国中世纪长篇叙事诗《玫瑰传奇》 等。中期的代表诗作有《声誉之堂》(The House of Fame)和《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西 德》(Troilus and Criseyde)，肯定爱情和 个人幸福，反对封建专制和压迫，反映了 作者现实主义的创作态度和人文主义观点。
杰弗里·乔叟简介
乔叟在最后十五年里创作了《坎特伯雷故事》 (The Canterbury Tales)，这部作品是英国 文学史上现实主义文学作品的第一部杰作， 充满了浓郁的生活气息和时代特点，也反 映了当时社会处于封建社会向资本主义社 会过渡时期，带有强烈的人文主义色彩， 无论在英国文学还是在语言上都起了重大 的作用。他也是英国文学史上首位用伦敦 方言写作的作家，加强了伦敦方言在英国 文学史上的地位。英国十七世纪作家约 翰·德莱顿称他为“英国诗歌之父”。
Geoffery_Chaucer_杰弗里·乔叟简介
姓名：周亚楠 学号：2012142164
offrey Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer (c.1340～1400),
the most prominent literary figure in Middle English period is “ the father of English poetry ” .
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The Canterbury Tales
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Geoffrey Chaucer
Chaucer's literary works are roughly divided into three periods, according to his three periods of life.
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Geoffrey Chaucer
He once served as a page to Elizabeth, Countess of Ulster and in 1367 he entered the service of King Edward III , who made Chaucer involved in diplomatic errands for nearly ten years.
Troilus and Criseide.
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Geoffrey Chaucer
The third period covers the last
fifteen years of the poet's life: from 1386 to 1400, when Chaucer stopped being the mere interpreter of other poets and produced his own works of full maturity. The Canterbury Tales, one of the monumental works in English literature, was composed during this period.
Geoffrey Chaucer
《坎特伯雷故事集》特点
• 一、它展现了广阔的社会画面。香客来自社会各 个阶层：骑士、僧侣、学者、律师、商人、手工 业者、自耕农、磨坊主等。 • 二、它综合采用了中世纪的各种文学体裁，有骑 士传奇、圣徒传、布道文、寓言等。 • 三、总序和开场白中对人物的描写和故事本身饶 有趣味，充满幽默感。 • 四、语言带上了讲述人自身的特征，每人所讲的 故事都体现出讲述人的身份、趣味、爱好、职业 和生活经验。
5.《特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达》--乔叟对中世纪宫廷爱情文学 传统的继承与超越 Troilus and Criseyde:Chaucer and Courtly Love Tradition [四川师范大学学报（社会科学版） Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)] 肖明翰 6.乔叟语言艺术中的讽刺幽默 Ironical Humor in Chaucer‘s Language Art [哈尔滨学院学报 Journal of Harbin University] 王欣 7. 乔叟的梦幻诗和欧洲中世纪梦幻文学传统 Chaucer's Dream Poetry and the Medieval Tradition of Dream Vision [外国文学研究 Foreign Literature Studies] 刘进 , Liu Jin 8.论乔叟人文主义思想的形成 The Evolving of Chaucer's Humanism [徐州师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)] 王莹章
英国文学史及选读课件 3 Geoffrey Chaucer
叙述风格
采用现实主义和浪漫主义 相结合的叙述风格，语言 生动幽默，富有诗意。
人物形象塑造与主题思想
人物形象
塑造了各种鲜明的人物形象，如 骑士、修女、商人、农民等，反
映了当时社会的多样性。
主题思想
探讨了爱情、婚姻、道德、宗教、 社会等主题，表达了对人性的深刻 洞察和对社会现实的批判。
文学价值
《坎特伯雷故事集》被誉为英国文 学的经典之作，对后来的英国文学 产生了深远影响。
XX
PART 03
Geoffrey Chaucer其他 代表作品选读
REPORTING
Troilus and Criseyde《特罗勒斯与克丽西德》
故事背景
以古希腊特洛伊战争为背景，讲 述了特罗勒斯与克丽西德的爱情
在世界文学史上的地位和评价
在世界文学史上的地位
Geoffrey Chaucer被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，他的作品代表了英国文学的最高成 就之一。他的诗歌不仅在英国文学史上占有重要地位，而且对世界文学的发展产 生了深远的影响。
在世界文学史上的评价
Geoffrey Chaucer的作品在世界文学史上得到了广泛的认可和赞誉。他的作品被 翻译成多种语言，在世界各地广为流传。他被认为是一位具有世界影响力的伟大 作家，他的作品对于理解人类文化、历史和情感具有重要意义。
不同文化语境下Geoffrey Chaucer作品接受度分析
要点一
不同文化语境对Geoffrey Chaucer作品接受…
由于不同文化语境下读者的价值观念、审美趣味、文化传 统等方面存在差异，因此对Geoffrey Chaucer作品的接受 度也会有所不同。
要点二
乔叟
Chaucer took his narrative inspiration for his works from several sources but still remained an entirely individual poet. His first narrative poem, The Book of the Duchess, was probably written shortly after the death of Blanche, Duchess of Lancaster, first wife of John Gaunt, in September 1369. His next important work, The House of Fame, was written between 1374 and 1385. Soon afterward Chaucer translated The Consolation of Philosophy by Boethius, and wrote the poem The Parliament of Birds.
乔叟代表作：
《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）
其他作品：
《公爵夫人之书》(Book of the Duchess)、 《声誉之宫》(The House of Fame)、 《百鸟会议》(The Parliament of Fowles)、 《贤妇传说》(The Legend of Good Women) 《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》(Troilus and Criseyde).
Geoffrey Chaucer, (1340 years -1400), the famous medieval English writer, was born in a home wine. Edward III in 1359 with the French Expeditionary Force, was captured by the French army, near to gold redemption. Chaucer as a king-de-camp, as ambassador to many European countries, two visits to Italy and found a Dante, Boccaccio and Petrarca's works of literature for his role greatly. Chaucer in October 25, 1400 death in London and was buried in Westminster Abbey the "poet of the angle." Chaucer's the cause of death is unknown, may have been murder.
王守仁《英国文学选读》笔记和课后习题详解-杰弗里
第1单元杰弗里•乔叟1.1复习笔记Geoffrey Chaucer(杰弗里·乔叟)(1343-1400)1.Life(生平)Geoffrey Chaucer,born in1343in London,is the founder of English poetry.He was the son of a wine merchant who had connections with the Court.He later became a courtier and comptroller.Chaucer’s learning was wide in scope.He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian.He had broad and intimate acquaintance with persons high and low in all walks of life,and knew well the whole life of his time,which left great impressions upon his works and particularly upon his variegated depiction of the English society of his time.He died in1400and was buried in Westminster Abbey,thus founding the Poets’Corner.杰弗里·乔叟于1343年出生于伦敦，他是英语诗歌之父。
他是一个与宫廷有联系的酒商的儿子。
他后来担任过侍臣和审计官。
乔叟知识渊博。
他精通拉丁语、法语和意大利语。
他结交广泛且易与人深交，无论是贵族还是贫民,因此他深谙所处世事。
这尤其有益于他在作品中对英国社会的刻画。
杰弗里乔叟的英文简介
杰弗里乔叟的英文简介杰弗里乔叟简介Geoffrey Chaucer (about 1343 ~ 1400) British poet. His personal life is quite rich: 1357 years to do the court paternity, 1359 years to participate in the war when the law was captured, the following year by the king of redemption, 1361 - 1367 in the Temple Law Association training, 1366 and the queen of the palace The womens marriage, after many times on behalf of Edward III to the European continent, to Belgium, France, Italy and other countries, have the opportunity to meet Boccaccio and Petrak, which his literary creation had a great impact. In 1374, Chaucer was the London fur management officer, and in 1382 served as the tariff manager for alcohol and other commodities. In 1385, Chaucer was the magistrate of Kent, the second year was elected to the county knight to attend the lower house of parliament. In 1389 years after the KMT government, Chaucer has served as the royal construction works and Somerset royal forest deputy director. Chaucer was deprived of official and annuities during the asylum of the asylum, and the economy was strained. He had written the oil poem to the empty capsule to just ascend to Henry IV, complain about their own poverty. In 1400, Joao died and was buried at Poets Corner in Londons Westminster Church. He was also the first poet to be buried here.Chaucers poetic creation is divided into three periods: (1) the French influence period (1360 ~ 1372): the main translation and follow the works of the French poet, created the Duchess (The Book of the Duchess (1369) Dialect translation of the French medieval long narrative poem rose legend and so on. ② the Italian influence period(1372 ~ 1386): the poet came into contact with the progressive thinking of bourgeois humanism. The creation of this period, such as the Birds Conference, Troilus and Criseyde (c. 1385)), The Story of a Good Woman , reflects the authors creation for the reality of life Attitude and humanism. ③ mature period (1386 ~ 1400): Chaucer in the last 15 years in the Canterbury story set creation. Both in content and skills to achieve the pinnacle of his creation. His first heroic rhyme is widely used by British poets later, known as the father of British poetry.The early creation of Chaucer was influenced by Italian and French literature. He introduced the literature of knights in the French literature, the lyrics and animal fables, and so on. Its early works Trolls and Clay West (1385), character character to create vivid and delicate, language witty humor.From 1377 onwards, Chaucer repeatedly made the European continent, in contact with Dante, Pietrak and Boccaccio and others works. These writers anti-feudal anti-religious spirit and humanism, so that Chaucers creative thinking has undergone profound changes, began to turn to realism. The narrative poem Trolls and the West, which is rewritten according to a long poem of Boccaccio, rejects the traditions of fantasy and fables, instead of the description of the characters and life details in the real world. A realist work.Chaucer carried out the creation of The Canterbury Tales (1387-1400) in the last fifteen years of his life. This is his most outstanding work.Chaucers vision, profound observation, rich writing style, truly reflect the lives of different social classes, created a realist tradition of British literature, Shakespeare and Dickens have an impact.Canterbury story set is the British writer Chaucers novel. The workdescribes a group of pilgrims gathered in a small London hotel, ready to pilgrimage to Canterbury. Shopkeepers suggested that pilgrims on the way to the two stories, to see who speak the best. The story set includes 23 stories, one of the most wonderful stories are: the knights story of love tragedy, the story of the knights knights knight, the soldier who sells the crucifixion, the talismans story, the businessmans story The story of the family disputes, the story of the farmers touching love and generosity. The works extensively reflect the British social life of the embryonic period of capitalism, exposing the corruption of the church, the greed and hypocrisy of the priest, condemning the asceticism of human nature, affirming the secular love life.The artistic achievements of the Canterbury Tales are very high, far exceeding the previous British literary works, the first example of the realism in British literary history. The work combines humor and satire, and the comedy is strong, and most of the stories are written in double rhyme poems, which have had an impact on later English literature. People figure clear, lively language. Chaucers creation of the vibrant London dialect also laid the foundations for the English literary language. His first heroic rhyme was widely used by British poets in the future, and Chaucer was hailed as the father of English poetry.杰弗里乔叟作品Geoffrey Chaucer (1340 - 1400), a famous British medieval writer, was born in a wine family. 1359 years with the troops of Edward III leap in France, captured by the French army, and soon to redemption. Chaucer became kings attendants, made many European countries, twice visited Italy, found Dante, Boccaccio and Petraks works, his literary creation played a great role. The Book of the Duchess, The House of Fame, The House of Fowles, The House of Fae, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House ofFowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde. Chaucer died in London on October 25, 1400, and was buried in the corner of the poet in Westminster Abbey. Chaucers death is unknown, may be murdered, the British medieval research expert Terry Jones had a book Who murdered Chaucer Chaucer first took the London dialect writing, and the creation of heroic bimodal, the British national language and literature development great influence, it is known as the father of British poetry.。
Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟英文简介
While he achieved fame during his lifetime as an author, philosopher, alchemist and astronomer, composing a scientific treatise on the astrolabe for his ten-year-old son Lewis, Chaucer also maintained an active career in the civil service as a bureaucrat, courtier and diplomat. Among his many works, which include The Book of the Duchess, the House of Fame, the Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde, he is best known today for The Canterbury Tales
Geoffrey Chucer (/ˈtʃɔːsər/; c. 1343 – 25 October 1400), known as the Father of English literature, is widely considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages and was the first poet to be buried in Poets' Corner of Westminster Abbey. Chaucer was a crucial figure in developing the legitimacy of the vernacular, Middle English, at a time when the dominant literary languages in England were French and Latin
乔叟简介
(The Legend of Good Women)
《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》
(Troilus and Criseyde)
literarypath
（创作之路）
The period of Franch （1360～1372）
Translate and imitate （效仿）
The பைடு நூலகம்ook of the Duchess <<悼公爵夫人>>
The period of Italy （1372～1386）
Troilus and Criseyde 《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德》 The birds of the meeting 《百鸟会议》
The bourgeois humanism 资产阶级人文主义
The period of mature （1386～1400）
•
•
• •
《坎特伯雷故事集》
“The father of English Poetry”
well-known saying （名言）
We soon believe what we desire. —Chaucer
我们欲望中的东西，我 们很快就信以为真。 —— 乔叟
And gladly would learn , and gladly teach . —Chaucer 勤于学习的人才能乐意 施教。
杰弗雷· 乔叟，英国诗人。十几岁起进入宫 廷当差。1359年随爱德华三世的部队远征 法国，被法军俘虏，不久赎回。乔叟与宫 廷往来密切，当过廷臣、关税督察、肯特 郡的治安法官、郡下议院议员。他曾因外 交事务出使许多国家和地区，到过比利时、 法国、意大利等国，有机会遇见薄伽丘与 彼特拉克，这对他的文学创作产生了很大 的影响。乔叟在庇护者失宠期间，被剥夺 了官位和年金，经济拮据。他曾写过打油 诗《致空囊》给刚登基的亨利四世，申诉 自己的贫穷。1400年乔叟逝世，安葬在伦
英美文学杰弗里乔叟GeoffreyChaucer资料
The Canterbury Tales
坎特伯雷故事集
Chaucer greatly contributed to the founding of the English literary language, the basis of which was formed by the London dialect, so profusely used by the poet.
trans.(Boethius 波伊提乌，Roman)
400)
Complaint to His Empty Purse (1399)《致空囊》 The Canterbury Tales (1387-1400)《坎特伯雷故事集》 (Masterpiece)
Page 11
Page 12
The most vigorous有力的；精力充沛的 character is the larger-than-life Wife of Bath
The crudest粗野的，缺乏教养的 character is the Miller磨 坊主；碾磨工
Page 13
Prologue
The Prologue开场 is a splendid masterpiece of realistic portrayal, the first of its kind in the history of English literature. From the Prologue, we can see that Chaucer is a talented portrait painter. Each of the pilgrims or narrators is presented vividly in the Prologue. The pilgrims are people from various parts of England. They are the representatives of various walks of life and social groups, with various interests, tastes and predilections.
Chaucer
Also among the works of this period are the unfinished Legend of Good Women, a poem telling of nine classical heroines, which introduced the heroic couplet (two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter) into English verse; the prose fragment The Treatise on the Astrolabe, written for his son Lewis; and Troilus and Criseyde, based on Boccaccio's Filostrato, one of the great love poems in the English language (see Troilus and Cressida). In Troilus and Criseyde, Chaucer perfected the seven-line stanza later called rhyme royal.
（Geoffrey Chaucer, 1343 - 1400），诗人，生于富商之家，与王室关系密切.
曾数度出使法国和意大利等欧洲大陆国家，还担任过海关官员和法官等公职。乔叟的文学创作深受法国文学、特别是文艺复兴时期的意大利文学的影响，其主要作品有《公爵夫人之书》（The Book of the Dutchess）、《声誉之堂》（The House of Fame）、《百鸟议会》（The Parliament of Fowls）以及他的代表作 《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）等。
Geoffrey
Geoffrey Chaucer英国诗歌之⽗！修⼥也疯狂她爹！（1）Geoffrey Chaucer英国诗歌之⽗！修⼥也疯狂她爹！英语⽐较特别，单词重⾳固定不变，句⼦重⾳变化灵活。
早期英语诗歌主要靠头韵(alliteration, or head rhyme)来突显诗⾏的⾳乐性。
乔叟以重⾳作为节奏单位核⼼加强了英语诗歌的节奏感(accentual rhythm), 他⼤量使⽤的五步抑扬格(iambic pentameter)成为之后⼏百年英语诗歌的主要格律，称英国诗歌之⽗已没有异议。
但要说乔叟还是“修⼥也疯狂”她爹，多数⼈不会认可，却有诗为证。
下⽂是乔叟所作Canterbury Tales 对修⼥院长嬷嬷的描写，疯狂不疯狂⼀读便知。
There also was a Nun, a Prioress,Her way of smiling very simple and coy. (coy可不是shy。
⼀个是真羞，⼀个是装羞，羞给你看的羞，修⼥=羞⼥)Her greatest oath was only 'By St Loy!'And she was known as Madam Eglantyne (⼈称“玫瑰⼥⼠”，名字就让⼈往歪处想)And well she sang a service, with a fineIntoning through her nose, as was most seemly (⿐⾳之重，1066年之后法语是强势语⾔)And she spoke daintily in French, extremely,After the school of Stratford-atte-Bowe;French in the Paris style she did not know. (等于我们的英语是在国内弄的，没留过洋)At meat her manners were well taught withal; (这⾥的描写，可没有遵循“写作⼿册”的原则：由表及⾥，先静后动。
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Literary career
The French period 1360s-1372
– (The Book of the Duchess) 《公爵夫人之书》 (the Romance of the Rose) 《玫瑰传奇》
The Italian period 1372-1386
(Troilus and Criseyde ) 《特罗勒斯与克丽西德》
• Born in 1343 as the son of a prosperous wine merchant in London. • Most probably educated in Oxford and Cambridge. • In 1357 Geoffrey is found in the service of Elizabeth, Countess of Ulster • In 1359,Went to France at 19 on one of the campaigns of the Hundred Years’ War. • Sent to Italy on diplomatic missions. • In 1373, Appointed controller of Customs at London. • In 1386, elected as MP but dismissed soon • Died in 1400, first poet buried in Westminster Abbey.
7.The Wife of Bath （巴斯城的妇女） 巴斯城的妇女）
• The wife of Bath shows Chaucer’s keen observation and his unsurpassed (无比的) talent for characterization. • She is the owner of a cloth factory, lighthearted, merry, somewhat vulgar (粗俗的), and exceedingly (非常) talkative. • It is a vivid sketch (概述) of a woman of the middle class, and a colorful picture of the domestic life of that class in Chaucer’s day.
Origin of The Canterbury Tales
• On a spring evening, Chaucer drops himself at the Tabard Inn in Southwark at the south of London Bridge. • Here he meets nine and twenty other pilgrims ready for a journey of 60 miles on horseback to Canterbury. • At the suggestion of the host of the inn, they agree to beguile the journey by story-telling. • Each is to tell two stories going and two returning. And the best story-teller shall be treated with a fine supper at the general expense at the end.
The Prologue(开场白)
• The thirty pilgrims range from the knight and squire and prioress（女修道院院长 ）, through the landed proprietor and wealthy trademan, to the drunken cook and humble plowman（农夫 ）. • There are also a doctor and a lawyer, monks of different orders and nuns and priests, and a summoner （法庭传讯者）, a sailor, a miller, a carpenter, a yeoman, and an Oxford scholar. • Finally, in the center of the group is the Wife of Bath, the owner of a large clothfactory.
Father of English Poetry
Content
• I. Chaucer’s Life • II. Chaucer’s Literary Career • III. The Canterbury Tales • IV. Chaucer’s Contribution
Ⅰ. Life of Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400)
The English period 1386-1400
(The Canterbury Tales) 《坎特伯雷故事集》
His masterpiece and a representative works of the Middle Ages.
III. The Canterbury Tales
• Chaucer’s masterpiece. • One of the monumental works in English literature.
Prologue
6.The Tales
The famous ones are the story of : 1) the wife of Bath（巴斯夫人）, 2) the Knight（骑士）, 3) the Pardoner Pardoner（卖赎罪卷者）, , 4) the Nun’s Priest（尼姑的教士）, 5) the Prologue（序诗）.
The Prologue(开场白)
• In "The General Prologue ", Chaucer introduces the characters and establishes the framework of the poem. • The prologue supplies a miniature of the English society of Chaucer’s time.
The prioress
The Knight
The Oxford Clerk
Chaucer
The
Wife of Bath
The Monk
The Squire
The Pardoner
Summoner
The Friar
行乞修道士
The Miller
• 夏雨给大地带来了喜悦， 送走了土壤干裂的三月， 沐浴着草木的丝丝经络， 顿时百花盛开，生机勃勃。 西风轻吹留下清香缕缕， The 田野复苏吐出芳草绿绿； 碧蓝的天空腾起一轮红日， 青春的太阳洒下万道金辉。 小鸟的歌喉多么清脆优美， 迷人的夏夜怎好安然入睡—— 美丽的自然撩拨万物的心弦， 多情的鸟儿歌唱爱情ral
The Canterbury Tales
1. It has 24 stories. 2.It is the description of the pilgrims （朝圣者 ）who tell stories. 3. It is about the life of ordinary people. 4. It gives vivid characters, with humor and satire.
Some previous literary sources
• Boccaccio薄伽丘(Giovanni, 1313-1375, 文艺复 兴时期意大利作家, Decameron《十日谈》的作 者) • Dante 但丁(意大利诗人,1265-1321) • Ovid: Roman poet known for his explorations of love, especially the Art of Love (c. 1 b.c. ) and Metamorphoses (c. a.d. 8). 奥维德：公元前 43 年- 公元 17年罗马诗人，以其对爱的研究，尤其 是《爱的艺术》（公元前1年 )和《变形记》（公 元 8年）而闻名。
Historical background
• 1. the Hundred Years War (1337 – 1453) : awake national consciousness in England. French was gradually replaced by English native tongue. • 2. The Black Death(1348-1350) killed 30% to 60% of Europe's population • 3. the peasant uprising of 1381: the conflict between the peasants and feudal lords. • 4.1360-1400 the summit of Middle English Literature.
The Prologue of the Wife of Bath’s Tale
• The wife of Bath speaking “Experience--and no matter what they say In books--is good enough authority For me to speak of trouble in marriage. For ever since I was twelve years of age, Thanks be to God, I’ve had no less than five Husbands at church door--if one may believe I could be wed so often legally!” (P.220)