高考英语一轮复习课件《句子成分和句子分类》
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高中英语高考英语句子成分句法分析词类PPT课件
句子成分和句子分类
By lovemikky 2011年7月
1
预备知识点一：词类概述
词类 名词 冠词
英语名称 作用
n.
表示人或事物的名称
art.
用在名词前，起修饰或限定作用
例词 man,dog, tree, book a, an, the
代词 数词
pron. num.
代替名词或数词 表示数量或顺序
I, you, that, this, some, a few one, two, first
6
二、句子的分类 （按用途划分）： 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句
（一）陈述句：用来陈述一件事情，说明一个事实，表述说话
人的看法、和态度的句子。常用结构：主语+谓语+其它。 句末通常是句号。
Eg. 1. Tom can speak good English. 汤姆英语说的很好。 2. He is a student. 他是一个学生。3. I like football. 我喜欢足球。
状语 1. 用来修饰动词、形容词和 副词等的，表示事情发生 的时间、地点、原因、结 果、程度等等
2. 修饰动词时，位置在该动 词前后均可；修饰形容词 或副词，要放在它们之前
★ He runs quickly. 他跑地很快。 ★ She is very beautiful. 她非常漂亮。 ★ I will go there tomorrow.
3
（一）句子成分的特点和功能
句子 成分 主语 谓语 宾语
表语
特点和功能
例句
★ They are students.
1.是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。★ 2.常用名词或相当于名词的词（动词不定时
By lovemikky 2011年7月
1
预备知识点一：词类概述
词类 名词 冠词
英语名称 作用
n.
表示人或事物的名称
art.
用在名词前，起修饰或限定作用
例词 man,dog, tree, book a, an, the
代词 数词
pron. num.
代替名词或数词 表示数量或顺序
I, you, that, this, some, a few one, two, first
6
二、句子的分类 （按用途划分）： 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句
（一）陈述句：用来陈述一件事情，说明一个事实，表述说话
人的看法、和态度的句子。常用结构：主语+谓语+其它。 句末通常是句号。
Eg. 1. Tom can speak good English. 汤姆英语说的很好。 2. He is a student. 他是一个学生。3. I like football. 我喜欢足球。
状语 1. 用来修饰动词、形容词和 副词等的，表示事情发生 的时间、地点、原因、结 果、程度等等
2. 修饰动词时，位置在该动 词前后均可；修饰形容词 或副词，要放在它们之前
★ He runs quickly. 他跑地很快。 ★ She is very beautiful. 她非常漂亮。 ★ I will go there tomorrow.
3
（一）句子成分的特点和功能
句子 成分 主语 谓语 宾语
表语
特点和功能
例句
★ They are students.
1.是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。★ 2.常用名词或相当于名词的词（动词不定时
高考英语 句子成分和句型课件
动词/动词短语 二）谓语由_____________担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动 词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。说明主语所做的动作或状态.动词有 着各种时态的变化 Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again. Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 宾 同 状 主 谓 定 语 位 语 语 语 语 语
一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class?
-- My dream is that I can be admitted into a
key university.
一个完整的句子做表语， 那么这个句子叫表语从句。
(三) 挑出下列句中的定 1. What is your last name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to clean the floor. 3. The man in the gym was trying to sleep. 4.Gym is a place where you can exercise and have fun.
七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外， 还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。 • They elected me captain of the team. 名词 • We try to make our country strong. 形容词 • We found everything in good order there. 介词短语 • I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式 现在分词 doing • I saw him going upstairs. • They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 宾 同 状 主 谓 定 语 位 语 语 语 语 语
一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class?
-- My dream is that I can be admitted into a
key university.
一个完整的句子做表语， 那么这个句子叫表语从句。
(三) 挑出下列句中的定 1. What is your last name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to clean the floor. 3. The man in the gym was trying to sleep. 4.Gym is a place where you can exercise and have fun.
七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外， 还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。 • They elected me captain of the team. 名词 • We try to make our country strong. 形容词 • We found everything in good order there. 介词短语 • I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式 现在分词 doing • I saw him going upstairs. • They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习名词性从句讲解教学课件-PPT
真题解析
His presentation will show you contexts. A. that you have observed B. that how you have observed C. how that you have observed D. how what you have observed
模拟题解析
As they usually receive the same score in standardized
examinations, there is often disagreement as to
is the
better student, Bob or Helen.
A. which
better student, Bob or Helen.
A. which
B. who
C. whom
D. whose
【解析】句意为“因为鲍勃和海伦在考试中总是得到同样的分数， 所以关于他们俩谁是更好的学生，总是有分歧”。
宾语从句 Object Clause
(2) 宾语从句的位置： a. 放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)之后
宾语从句 Object Clause
(2) 宾语从句的位置： c. 可由形式宾语it代替，而从句本身放在句子末尾。
(1) 宾语从句的连接词★ ： a. 由that引导； b. 由whether/if引导； c. 由连接代词what, which, who, whatever, whichever, whoever等引导； d. 由连接副词when, where, why, how等引导。
真题解析
【2016阅读】 He hopes that whoever finds the loot will relish the riches and the adventure of finding them.
2025届高考英语专项复习 句子成分和种类课件(共90张PPT)
Exercise
1.It is difficult for me ______ so much work within one night. Can you help me? A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished
2.John with two of his friends ____ to play basketball every Sunday afternoon. A. go B. went C. goes D.gone
⑧They found the house broken in. 过去分词
1.They call me Lily sometimes.
A B CD
E
2.I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
AB
C
D
3.She found it difficult to do the work.
A BC D
E
4.He asked her to take the boy out of school.
⑤ We'll send a car to fetch you. 目的状语
⑥If he goes, so will I . 条件状语
⑦Though he is a child, he knows a lot.让步状语
⑧She came in with a dictionary in her hand. 伴随状语
The days get longer and longer when summer comes. They enjoyed playing computer games. We have finished reading this book. They can speak English well. He looked after two boys. Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习：四类句子类型课件(共35张)
【高中语法】 四类句子
1
英语语法框架
语音
语法知识
词法
音素★ 音节 五种语音现象★ 九大词类 动词★ 词汇搭配 八种句子成分 四类句子
时态 两大语态 三类非谓语动词
句法
五种简单句 并列句 复合句★
名词性从句 定语从句
特殊句式★ 状语从句
主谓一致
2
祈使句
01
陈述句
Declarative Sentence
4
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
陈述句 Declarative Sentence
陈述句 (declarative sentence) 是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。 (⑴)肯定句：基本结构为“主+谓”
He went to London.
5
陈述句
陈述句 (declarative sentence) 是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
从我在乔治城的经验和我所知道的美国高等教育来说，很少有严格 的要求会强加给学生。
8
真题解析
【2015阅读】 Students in their twenties usually have very little experience in the field they are studying, and many times they don't really know the tools they need to succeed in their area of interest.
b. 全部否定：not/no/never/neither/none/nothing None of them like it.
c. 双重否定 None of them don’t like it. She never comes without bringing a present with her. 10
1
英语语法框架
语音
语法知识
词法
音素★ 音节 五种语音现象★ 九大词类 动词★ 词汇搭配 八种句子成分 四类句子
时态 两大语态 三类非谓语动词
句法
五种简单句 并列句 复合句★
名词性从句 定语从句
特殊句式★ 状语从句
主谓一致
2
祈使句
01
陈述句
Declarative Sentence
4
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
陈述句 Declarative Sentence
陈述句 (declarative sentence) 是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。 (⑴)肯定句：基本结构为“主+谓”
He went to London.
5
陈述句
陈述句 (declarative sentence) 是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
从我在乔治城的经验和我所知道的美国高等教育来说，很少有严格 的要求会强加给学生。
8
真题解析
【2015阅读】 Students in their twenties usually have very little experience in the field they are studying, and many times they don't really know the tools they need to succeed in their area of interest.
b. 全部否定：not/no/never/neither/none/nothing None of them like it.
c. 双重否定 None of them don’t like it. She never comes without bringing a present with her. 10
2025届高三英语一轮复习语法填空指导课件
personal trainer on your living room TV.
动词解题策略
动词
有无谓语 有 有无连词 有 有无主语 有 时态语态
无
无
时态语态 非谓语
(doing、done、to do)
无 非谓语 (doing、done、to do)
Learner’s dictionaries, all in English, are specially designed to help students. What confuses students is how they can be easy to use. Well, the definitions are simpler than the words they describe—they use high-frequency words. Students can also get grammatical and usage guidance, opposites, other expressions u1s2ing (use) the word and lots of examples. So you can see that the dictionary helps to increase your word power, and improve not only your reading and listening, but also your writing and speaking. There may also be a wide range of pictures to help you understand.
South Australia. He pulled in a great white shark that weighed 2,664 pounds and measured over sixteen feet in length. That is the biggest fish ever 1ca6ug（htcatch） by a
动词解题策略
动词
有无谓语 有 有无连词 有 有无主语 有 时态语态
无
无
时态语态 非谓语
(doing、done、to do)
无 非谓语 (doing、done、to do)
Learner’s dictionaries, all in English, are specially designed to help students. What confuses students is how they can be easy to use. Well, the definitions are simpler than the words they describe—they use high-frequency words. Students can also get grammatical and usage guidance, opposites, other expressions u1s2ing (use) the word and lots of examples. So you can see that the dictionary helps to increase your word power, and improve not only your reading and listening, but also your writing and speaking. There may also be a wide range of pictures to help you understand.
South Australia. He pulled in a great white shark that weighed 2,664 pounds and measured over sixteen feet in length. That is the biggest fish ever 1ca6ug（htcatch） by a
2024届高考英语复习：句子成分课件(共74张PPT)
试卷讲评课件
例如: I happened to meet him on my way back. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇见了他。(半助动词+不定式) Passengers may not take any photo during flight. 飞行期间,旅客不得拍照。(情态动词+动词原形)
She was determined to find out who was responsible for this. 她决意弄清楚谁该对此事负责。(be+形容词+不定式) She is known to be a good teacher. 大家都称她是一位优秀教师。(动词被动式+不定式)
二、复合谓语
试卷讲评课件
复合谓语有多种结构,包括: 半助动词+不定式( appear to do, seem to do, happen to do 等); 情态动词+动词原形; be+形容词+不定式(be about to do , be determined to do, be ready to do 等); 动词被动式+不定式/现在分词/过去分词(be known to be, be found to do, be kept doing 等); used to+动词; 连系动词+表语。
Point 2、 谓语 谓语说明主语的动作或状态,也是句子的主体部分,通常由动词或短语动 词充当。谓语有人称和数的变化,可分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。
一、简单谓语
试卷讲评课件
由一个动词或短语动词构成。 例如: The car parks operate a pay-as-you-leave system. 这些停车场按“离开时付费”的模式运作。(实义动词) Don't take on too much work-the extra cash isn't worth it. 不要太卖命了--多挣那点钱不值得。(动词短语)
高考英语句子成分及句子基本结构(共32张PPT)
主语+谓语+宾语 Subject+Verb+ S+V+O+A
+状语
Object+Adverbial
There be (存在句)
• (1)S+V（主语+谓语） • She never lies.
↓ 间接 宾语
↓ 直接 宾语
指出下列句中的宾语
• ① My brother hasn't done his homework. • ② People all over the world speak English. • ③ You must pay good attention to your
pronunciation. • ④ How many new words did you learn last
句子成分及句子基本结构
一.句子成分
• 1.一个完整的英语句子，至少由两部分组成 • ___主__语__和__谓__语____。 • 2.英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、
宾语补足语、_表__语__、定语、状语、同位语.
㈠主语（subject）
• 主语是句子叙述的主体，表明这句话描述什么。 • Workers make machines. （名词） • She went out in a hurry. （代词） • Three plus five is eight. （数词） • The young should respect the old（. 名词化的形容词） • To see is to believe. （不定式） • Running is good for your health. （动名词）
(地点状语)
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2.The police received a call,which said Bill had left for Waterbridge.
3.I have a lot of clothes to wash.
4.To be a winner, you should try your best.
5.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky
主语宾语，叫做宾语从句
3. What I want is a book. 我所想要的是一本书。
主语主语，叫做主语从句
4. The boy who is sitting under the tree is Tom 坐在树下的男孩是Tom. 主语定语，叫做定语从句
指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分. 1.The sun rises in the east.
句型 结构
1.How +形容词/副词 +主语 +谓语动词 +其它 （eg. 1. How beautiful she is!）
2. What +名词或名词词组+主语+谓语动词+其它
eg.2. What a clever boy he
is!
eg.3. What clever students they are!
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 He found the old man dead.
（二）并列句：用并列连词把两个或两个以上的 简单句连接起来的句子。并列连词有and,but,or 等。
Eg. He is a student and I am a teacher.
He likes football, but I like basketball.
状语
9.The children stood in a circle and danced to
music.
状语
10.We find it necessary to study in groups in ool. 宾语
11.Miss Zhang has received many flowers and letters these days.
二、句子的分类（按结构划分）：
简单句、并列句和复合句
（一）简单句：句子里只有一个主谓结构，且各个 成分都只由单词或短语构成。共有5种结构。
结构
例句
主语+不及物动词 主语+系动词+表语 主语+及物动词+宾语
He smiled. We are Chinese. They study French.
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 Tom gives me a pen-box.
left for Waterbridge
定语
3.I have a lot of clothes to wash.
定语
4.To be a winner, you should try your best.
状语
5.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky
6.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.
主
表语
宾语
4. He broke a piece of glass.
主 谓语
宾语
5. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.
主 谓语
状语
定语 宾语
1.The sun rises in the east.
谓语
2.The police received a call,which said Bill had
状语
12. What he said made his mother very angry.
主语
13.That’s because he didn’t understand me.
表语
按句子功能分
陈述句 疑问句 祈使句
感叹句：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈情感的句子。
常用what或how（表多么）引导，句末用“！”。
（三）复合句：一个句子里又包含一个或多个句子 充当成分的句子。大句子叫主句，充当成分、附属 于大句子的句子叫从句。
1.I believe that you are right. 我相信你是对的。
主句宾语，叫做宾语从句
2. I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住哪里。
定语
6.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the
door.
状语
7. The children decide to clean their school yard
this Friday afternoon.
宾语
8.We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so quickly.
eg.4 What bad news
it
is!
可数名词单数、复数名词或不可数名词
感叹句练习： 用what或how 填空
1._H__o_w_ warm it is in winter in Hong Kong! 2.W__h_a_t_ a wonderful performance we had last night! 3. W__h__a_t clever students they are! 4. W__h__a_t delicious food! 5. W__h__a_t a lovely day we are having today! 6. W__h__a_t bad news it is! 7. H__o_w__ hard the students of Class One are working on the farm! 8._W__h_a_t a wonderful time we had last night!
句子成分和句子分类
练习
说出下列划线部分单词或词组在句子 中各充当什么成分
1. I don't like the picture on the wall.
主 谓语
宾语
定语
2. My brother hasn't done his homework.
主语
谓语
定语
3. It is a great pleasure to talk with you .
3.I have a lot of clothes to wash.
4.To be a winner, you should try your best.
5.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky
主语宾语，叫做宾语从句
3. What I want is a book. 我所想要的是一本书。
主语主语，叫做主语从句
4. The boy who is sitting under the tree is Tom 坐在树下的男孩是Tom. 主语定语，叫做定语从句
指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分. 1.The sun rises in the east.
句型 结构
1.How +形容词/副词 +主语 +谓语动词 +其它 （eg. 1. How beautiful she is!）
2. What +名词或名词词组+主语+谓语动词+其它
eg.2. What a clever boy he
is!
eg.3. What clever students they are!
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 He found the old man dead.
（二）并列句：用并列连词把两个或两个以上的 简单句连接起来的句子。并列连词有and,but,or 等。
Eg. He is a student and I am a teacher.
He likes football, but I like basketball.
状语
9.The children stood in a circle and danced to
music.
状语
10.We find it necessary to study in groups in ool. 宾语
11.Miss Zhang has received many flowers and letters these days.
二、句子的分类（按结构划分）：
简单句、并列句和复合句
（一）简单句：句子里只有一个主谓结构，且各个 成分都只由单词或短语构成。共有5种结构。
结构
例句
主语+不及物动词 主语+系动词+表语 主语+及物动词+宾语
He smiled. We are Chinese. They study French.
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 Tom gives me a pen-box.
left for Waterbridge
定语
3.I have a lot of clothes to wash.
定语
4.To be a winner, you should try your best.
状语
5.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky
6.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.
主
表语
宾语
4. He broke a piece of glass.
主 谓语
宾语
5. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.
主 谓语
状语
定语 宾语
1.The sun rises in the east.
谓语
2.The police received a call,which said Bill had
状语
12. What he said made his mother very angry.
主语
13.That’s because he didn’t understand me.
表语
按句子功能分
陈述句 疑问句 祈使句
感叹句：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈情感的句子。
常用what或how（表多么）引导，句末用“！”。
（三）复合句：一个句子里又包含一个或多个句子 充当成分的句子。大句子叫主句，充当成分、附属 于大句子的句子叫从句。
1.I believe that you are right. 我相信你是对的。
主句宾语，叫做宾语从句
2. I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住哪里。
定语
6.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the
door.
状语
7. The children decide to clean their school yard
this Friday afternoon.
宾语
8.We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so quickly.
eg.4 What bad news
it
is!
可数名词单数、复数名词或不可数名词
感叹句练习： 用what或how 填空
1._H__o_w_ warm it is in winter in Hong Kong! 2.W__h_a_t_ a wonderful performance we had last night! 3. W__h__a_t clever students they are! 4. W__h__a_t delicious food! 5. W__h__a_t a lovely day we are having today! 6. W__h__a_t bad news it is! 7. H__o_w__ hard the students of Class One are working on the farm! 8._W__h_a_t a wonderful time we had last night!
句子成分和句子分类
练习
说出下列划线部分单词或词组在句子 中各充当什么成分
1. I don't like the picture on the wall.
主 谓语
宾语
定语
2. My brother hasn't done his homework.
主语
谓语
定语
3. It is a great pleasure to talk with you .