With的复合结构

With的复合结构

with复合结构是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型，也是高考考查的热点。

.一、with复合结构的构成

with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合结构，宾语可以是名词或是代词，宾语补足语可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、动词不定式。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。

with复合结构的位置可置于主句前、主句末或主句中。

1. with + 宾语+ 介词短语

He came out ,with __________________________________.

He was asleep with _____________________________________.

2．with + 名词+ 形容词（强调名词的特性或状态）

With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it 'll rain presently.

天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。

With ___________________________, we start to work.

He watched the scene, with ________________________________.

3.With + 名词+ 副词

With ___________________________.we've got more room.

The naughty boy stood before the teacher with ________________________________.

4. With + 宾语+ 过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)

All the afternoon he worked with ____________________________.

He lay in bed with___________________________________.

5. With + 宾语+ 现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)

With winter coming on ,it's time to buy warm clothes.

He fell asleep,with____________________________________.

With ______________________________, they formed a line.

6.with + 宾语+ to do(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义)

In the afternoon, with _______________________________, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。

I can't go out ,with __________________________________________.

二、with复合结构的作用

with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。请阅读下面的句子。（1）表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。如：

With__________________________，we will be able to finish the task in time．=If you help us，we will be able to finish the task in time．如果你帮助我们，我们就能及时完成这个任务。（2）表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：

I won't be able to go on holiday with___________________________.=As my mother is ill, I won't be able to go on holiday. 由于我妈妈病了，我不能去度假了。

（3）表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。如：

With __________________________，we went home．=After the work had been done，we went home. 工作做完后，我们就回家了。

（4）表示伴随，相当于一个并列句。如：

The boy sat at the corner，with __________________________in his eyes．=The boy sat at

the corner，and tears were welling up in his eyes．小男孩坐在角落里，眼中含满泪水。

（5）表示方式，相当于一个并列句。如：

He was asleep with ____________________________．=He was asleep and his head was on his arms．他头枕着胳膊睡着了。

with 复合结构还可以作定语

Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope.

任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。

From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.

三、几点说明：

1.with结构在句子中的位置：with 结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面，并用逗号与句子分开；表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面，不用逗号分开。若with结构作定语，则放在所修饰的名词之后，一般不用逗号隔开。

2.with结构作状语时，不定式、现在分词、和过去分词的区别：在with结构中，不定式、现在分词作宾补，表示主动，但是不定式表示将要发生的动作，而现在分词表示正在发生或发生了的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成。例如：

With the boy leading the way，we found he house easily.（小男孩已领过路）

With the boy to lead the way，we will find the house easily tomorrow.（小男孩明天将领路）He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.（寝室被关着）

With的复合结构练习

1.He lay there ,______________________________________________. (look)

他躺在那儿，眼睛盯着天空。

2._________________________________________, the manager feels as busy as a bee. (deal)

有如此多事情要处理，经理感觉非常忙。

3.The students raised their heads ,____________________________________________.(full)

学生们抬起头，眼里充满了好奇。

4.The woman_______________________________________ is Li Ping’s mother. (arm)

抱小孩的那个人女是李平的母亲。

5.____________________________________，she had to stay at home alone. (out)

因为她的姐姐出去了，她只得独自呆在家里。

6.______________________________________, we can't afford luxuries. (go)

由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。

7.___________________________________in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.(turn)

在这样令人害怕的情况下，没有人可以求助，她感到很无助。

8.The city shows its new appearance to people ,__________________________________improve the environment.（measure）

政府采取措施改善了环境，这座城市向人们展示了它的新面貌。

9.The thief was brought in , ________________________________________. (tie)

那个小偷被带了进来，手被绑在背后。

10.______________________________________________,we get more shades. (grow)

这棵树长高了，我们获得了更多的阴凉。

11.He felt more nervous ___________________________________________. (stare)