文学翻译期末-The Perfect Dog完美的狗 翻译
中英文句子翻译练习
汉英句子翻译练习Title: 汉英翻译技巧：合并(Combination)(A) in terms of simple sentences(1) 天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。
It was so cold that the river froze. (丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，天津大学出版社，1996)(2) 理论必须密切联系实际，这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。
That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，天津大学出版社，1996）(3) 他在战斗中表现突出，受到连长的表扬。
He was commended by the company commander for his distinguished performance in the battle. (丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，天津大学出版社，1996)(4) 年满十八岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。
All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote and to stand for election. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，天津大学出版社，1996）(5) 当时，友谊商店只对外宾开放，不对中宾开放。
At the time the friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.（王大伟，"现代汉英翻译技巧"，世界图书出版公司，1999）（本科四年级以上）(B) in terms of compound sentences(6) 她对自己所取得的成就充满了自豪，这也不是没有道理的。
英汉对比与翻译期末论文
英汉对比与翻译——词汇三境[摘要]：本文将英汉语言中词语分布做了对比，并就词汇翻译提出了“意译”、“义译”、“化境”三个要求，从而得知，词汇翻译的地道性很大程度上取决于语境的还原程度。
关键词: 译意、译义、臻化、词汇、语境正文：英国语言学家George W.W ilk ins在《语言教学中的语言学》一书中指出:“没有语法,表达甚微;没有词汇,表达为零。
”由此可见词汇在英语中所居的重要地位。
在翻译时，即使一个译者已经掌握了大量的词汇与句法，还是会遇到总不能够突破的瓶颈，这个障碍往往是由词汇，甚至是简单词汇所引起的。
例如：“He is a perfect stranger in the city.”这里对于什么是一个“perfect stranger”的理解与处理会造成译文层次的不同，同时也是考量一个译者的水平。
如果仅翻译字面意思,翻译成“完美的陌生人”，译文显得晦涩难懂；当我们进一步理解“perfect”这个词的含义，并进入意义层面, “perfect”就是“完完全全”的意思，那么“perfect stranger”该译为“完完全全的陌生人”，“他是这城市中完完全全的陌生人”意思准确但是和全句契合不够完美，同“in the city”在搭配上略有滞涩；所以，我们将其转化，将“完完全全的陌生人”这一名词词组转化为动词词组，意为“对……完全陌生”，这句话就可译为“他对这城市完全陌生”，这样的搭配显得协调，不但译出了源语言想表达的意思，“疏离”这一语境也得以完整地保留了。
以上例子就体现了英汉互译中一个很重要的规律，即词性转换。
世界上的语言，不管其各有多少词类，名词和动词都占最大的比例；不管有多少句型，都能归纳为静态与动态两类。
总的来说，汉语呈动态特征，英文呈静态特征。
在词汇的使用上，汉语的动态表现为：汉语的动词丰富，使用频率高；而英语中，名词、介词等非动词性此类的使用频率很高。
据周志培（2003:390）统计显示截选如下：（1）“邓小平在武昌、深圳、珠海、上海等地的谈话要点”及英译语言总数名词介词动词助动非限定动词代词形容词副词数词连词量词冠词词数636167111862741707039178汉语%26%2%29%4%7%11%11%6%3%1%词数907238991051930981044328584英语%26%11%12%2%3%11%11%5%3%7%9%（2）“英国首相撒切尔夫人在中国欢迎宴会上的讲话”及汉译文语言总数名词介词动词助动非限定动词代词形容词副词数词连词量词冠词词数32499972536224215132汉语%31%3%22%2%11%7%13%4%4%0.6%词数36691494119395022132328英语%25%14%11%0.2%2%10%14%6%4%6%8%上述结果表明，若要在英汉互译中，若要翻译出地道的Target Text，就应当尽量符合Target Language的表达习惯。
高中英语 狗神态、动作和环境描写
狗神态、动作和环境描写1.Soon her nose and eyes were coated with dust and she was panting hard. (be coated with...被覆盖上了..….凸显凯莉工作时的辛苦）翻译：不久她的鼻子和眼睛上就蒙上了灰尘，她还在不停喘着粗气。
2.Aterrible fear took hold of him. (描写塔里克的惊慌失措）翻译：可怕的恐惧攥住了他。
/ 他感到极度恐惧。
3.Simon bent down to stroke her glossy head. (描写西蒙对凯莉的喜爱）翻译：西蒙弯下腰去抚摸她光滑的头。
4.Kelly grinned up at him, eagerly wagging her tail. (描写凯莉对西蒙的喜爱与信任）翻译：凯莉咧着嘴笑着看着他，热切地摇着尾巴。
5.Kelly turned to look at Simon, squashed beside her in the back of the truck. (描写凯莉对西蒙的关心）翻译：凯莉转过头来看着西蒙，他正挤在卡车后面她的旁边。
6.Kelly gazed up at him, wagging her tail. She was impatient to get started. (描写凯莉对工作的热情）翻译：凯莉抬头看着他，摇着尾巴。
她已经等不及要开始了。
7.Simon pulled a bright yellowjacket over Kelly's head. Finally he put little boots on her feet to protect them from the hot stones. (描写西蒙如何为凯莉做好工作的准备）翻译：西蒙扯过一件亮黄色的夹克从凯莉的头上套下去。
最后，他给她的脚套上小靴子防止被滚烫的石头烫伤。
新版自考英语（二）课文及翻译atributetothedog
Unit 3 Text BA Tribute to the Dog狗的赞歌The best friend a man has in this world may turn against him and become his enemy. His son or daughter whom he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful. Those who are nearest and dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name, may become traitors to their faith.一个人在世上最好的朋友可能背叛他，变成他的敌人。
他精心养育的儿女可能会忘恩负义。
那些和我们最亲近的人，那些我们信任，将自己的幸福和名誉托付给他们的人也许会背信弃义。
The money that a man has he may lose. It flies away from him, perhaps when he needs it most. A man's reputation may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered action. The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our head s. The one absolutely, unselfish friend a man may have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is his dog.一个人拥有的钱财可能会失去。
黑布林英语阅读《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》中英互译
《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》是英国著名作家阿瑟·柯南·道尔创作的侦探小说，也是福尔摩斯故事中最著名的一部。
小说以福尔摩斯为主要人物，讲述了一位有钱的国王，他的家族中有一只邪恶的猎犬，这只狗鬼鬼祟祟，似乎是一种可怕的鬼魂，一旦狗出现就会导致逝去。
小说情节曲折，充满悬疑，展现了福尔摩斯敏锐的洞察力和解决案件的能力。
阅读《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》对学习英语的同学来说是一种很好的练习，不仅可以提高阅读理解能力，还可以帮助学习者掌握丰富的词汇和语法知识。
本文将对该小说中的重要片段进行中英互译，帮助读者更好地理解小说的内容，并提高英语阅读水平。
1. 第一幕"Mr. Holmes, they were the footprints of a gigantic hound!"“福尔摩斯先生，它们是一只巨大猎犬的脚印！”这是小说中的一个重要情节，狗脚印的发现让福尔摩斯开始了他的调查。
这句话中的gigantic hound在中文中意为“巨大的猎犬”，通过这句话的翻译，读者可以清晰地感受到福尔摩斯所面对的困境和挑战。
2. 第二幕"The hound, with wild, eyes and froth-lips, lashing out its fury behind him. But then something happen that shook me to my bones".“那只猎犬，狂野的眼神和涎沫飞溅，发泄着它的怒火。
但是，接着发生的事情让我不寒而栗”。
这一幕描述了一个惊心动魄的场景，猎犬的疯狂和主人的恐惧。
通过翻译，读者可以更加真实地感受到小说中的紧张气氛和可怕的情景。
3. 第三幕"The hound was on it. And yet he went a long way round to the nearest point of the Tor".“猎狗便来到了。
the merely very good课文翻译节选
the merely very good课文翻译节选因为从前我不曾参加过这种诗歌讲习班，所以无法想象其中会有些什么内容。
我倒是去过很多物理学讲习班，因此太知道它们都可能做什么：六个物理学家在一个带有黑板的房间里彼此叫嚷。
斯彭德要举行诗歌讲习班的房间里挤得满满当当的，容纳了大约有三十个人。
一个人也许不应该过于以貌取人，可是这些人大多数是女士——在我看来似乎过于迷恋诗歌，视它为救命稻草一般。
如果那时我能有幸接触到斯彭德的日记的话(不过这些日记几年以后才出版），我就会明白他对所有的这一切已经习以为常了。
事实上，自从十年前他从伦敦的大学学院退休以后就开始给这样的人群做讲座和开讲习班来维持生计。
我还得知，在1981年的时候他对此已经十分厌倦了，他也厌倦了去当他如今已经过世了的朋友——如奥登、C戴·刘易斯以及其他人的替身。
他虽然比他们每个人都长寿，可是仍活在他们的阴影里，尤其是奥登，那个与他在牛津初次结识的人，刚好和奥本海默遇到狄拉克是同一年龄，也是同一时期。
斯彭德带着一叠讲习班成员写的诗走了进来。
他没做任何开场就直接开始读起学员们的诗来。
我对于那些诗竟然写得如此糟糕感到十分，他们大多数都像一串清单，诸如“天空、性爱、海洋、大地、红色、绿色、蓝色”等等。
斯彭德没有露出任何想表达对这些诗的看法的意思，只是时不时间断朗读，找到作者问类似这样的问题：“为什么你选用红色而不是绿色？红色对你意味着什么？”他对这种流程十分熟练，如同在用自动驾驶仪一般。
很遗憾斯彭德的日记中没有记载关于这段时期的只言片语，但是很明显他当时有着一种丰富多彩的社交生活：某日与杰奎琳·奥纳西斯一同进餐，一星期以后在缪顿的罗氏银行——手段高明。
我感觉无论他怎么想都与这个讲习班无关。
然而不知为什么，我越来越觉得恼怒。
我猜这不关我的事。
但我耗费了一整天的时间，我觉得斯彭德欠了我们很多。
我说不出来欠的是什么——反正很多。
我的女友一定预料到了我要做些什么，因为她开始在她随身带来的一个大笔记本上狂写一通。
the merely very good课文翻译及原文
the merely very good课文翻译及原文The Merely Very Good第八单元仅仅不错Jeremy Bernstein杰里米·伯恩斯坦Early in 1981 I received an invitation to give a lecture at a writers' conference that was being held someplace on the Delaware River in Pennsylvania, just across from New Jersey. I don't remember the exact location, but a study of the map convinces me that it was probably New Hope. My first inclination was to say no. There were several reasons. I was living in New York City and teaching full time. My weekends were precious and the idea of getting up before dawn on a Saturday, renting a car, and driving across the entire state of New Jersey to deliver a lecture was repellent. As I recall, the honorarium offered would have barely covered the expense. Furthermore, a subject had been suggested for my lecture that, in truth, no longer interested me. Since I both wrote and did physics, I had often been asked to discuss the connection, if any, between these two activities. When this first came up, Ifelt obligated to say something, but after twenty years, about the only thing that I felt like saying was that both physics and writing, especially if one wanted to do them well, were extremely difficult.早在1981年，我收到过一份请柬是邀请我在一个作家年会上做讲座，这次会议会在在宾夕法尼亚州特拉华河沿岸过新泽西不远的某个地方召开。
A Perfect Match完美搭档
A Perfect Match完美搭档作者：彭妮·波特青闰译来源：《英语世界》2022年第10期“Keep a sharp lookout，” Miller told him， glancing toward the back seat. In the dim light，Miller could just make out the shield glimmering smartly from his partner’s collar： Badge No. 85. The rookie was a husky German shepherd named Olden.“保持警惕。
”米勒朝后座扫了一眼，对他说道。
在昏暗的灯光下，米勒只能分辨出挂在搭档项圈上闪闪发光的警徽：编号85。
新手是一条强壮结实的德国牧羊犬，名叫奥尔登。
Suddenly the cruiser’s headlights illuminated a figure breaking the lock on a building. Miller screeched to a halt and shouted the command “Go！” In a flash Olden bounded through the car’s open window， his deep bark reverberating through the night.突然，巡逻车的车头灯照见一个人影正在撬一幢建筑的门锁。
米勒嘎地刹住车，大声命令“上！”一瞬间，奥尔登纵身跃出敞开的车窗，深沉的吠叫声响彻夜空。
The chase ended seconds later as Olden nipped the suspect on the buttocks.几秒钟后，奥尔登咬住了嫌疑人的臀部，追捕就此结束。
Over the next few months， Miller kept his relationship with Olden strictly professional. The dog was fed no table scraps. He was kept out of the bedroom. He spent his nights outside， regardless of the weather. Sometimes during storms， Olden would poke his nose out of his doghouse and bark at the back door. Miller pretended not to hear.在接下来的几个月里，米勒与奥尔登保持着严格的工作关系。
the merely very good课文翻译及原文
the merely very good课文翻译及原文The Merely Very Good第八单元仅仅不错Jeremy Bernstein杰里米·伯恩斯坦Early in 1981 I received an invitation to give a lecture at a writers' conference that was being held someplace on the Delaware River in Pennsylvania, just across from New Jersey. I don't remember the exact location, but a study of the map convinces me that it was probably New Hope. My first inclination was to say no. There were several reasons. I was living in New York City and teaching full time. My weekends were precious and the idea of getting up before dawn on a Saturday, renting a car, and driving across the entire state of New Jersey to deliver a lecture was repellent. As I recall, the honorarium offered would have barely covered the expense. Furthermore, a subject had been suggested for my lecture that, in truth, no longer interested me. Since I both wrote and did physics, I had often been asked to discuss the connection, if any, between these two activities. When this first came up, Ifelt obligated to say something, but after twenty years, about the only thing that I felt like saying was that both physics and writing, especially if one wanted to do them well, were extremely difficult.早在1981年，我收到过一份请柬是邀请我在一个作家年会上做讲座，这次会议会在在宾夕法尼亚州特拉华河沿岸过新泽西不远的某个地方召开。
精编张保红——文学翻译资料
3 A Hermit Visited but not Encountered
--- tr. Wan Changsheng & Wang Jianzhong
4 Looking for a Recluse but Failing to Find Him
--- tr. Burton Watson
张驼提盒去探亲， 李驼遇见问原因， 赵驼拍手哈哈笑， 世上原来无直人。
寻隐者不遇 贾岛
松下问童子， 言师采药去。 只在此山中， 云深不知处。
标题的翻译
1 A Note Left for an Absent Recluse
--- tr. Witter Bynner
2 A Call on the Recluse Who Is Just Out
3）现象学家英伽登的“五分法”：
①字音层：字音、字形等语义与审美意义。
②意义单位：句法结构都有它的意义单元。
③图式化方面：每一所写客体都是由诸多 方面构成，在文学作品中出现时只能写 出其某些方面。
④被再现客体：文学作品中所表达的人、 物、情、事等。
⑤形而上性质层：揭示生命和存在更深的 意义，如作品中所表现出的悲剧性、戏 剧等。
• 职业道德：“就是责任心，对自己负责，对他 人负责，对艺术负责。换言之，也就是要真实， 对自己真实，对他人真实，对艺术真实。”
• 扎实的双语语言功底：具有较强的驾驭译出语 和译入语的双语能力，具有较为出色的双语写 作技能，能正确理解原文，熟练运用双语。
• 广博的文化知识：相关国家的文化背景知识 （如历史、宗教、政治、地理、军事、外交 等），中西文化差异的知识以及翻译理论与翻 译研究相关学科的知识（如语言学、哲学、文 学、美学、心理学等）。
literature translation文学翻译
三、鲜明的个性特征 在文学写作过程中写作者形成了自己独特的语言 风格 一般来说，文学文本是写作者的生命体验和情感 演绎的物化形式，作为其媒介的语言就不能不带 上写作者个性和情感的烙印。而且，成就越高的 作家，他的语言的个性特征就越明显，愈独特。
散文翻译
Sample analysis
“What’s yours?” George asked them. “I don’t know,” one of the men said. “What do you want to eat, AL?” “I don’t know,” said AL. “I don’t know what I want to eat.” (Hemingway, The Killers)
Version 1 “两位吃啥？” 乔治问他们。 “还没有定。” 其中一个说。“你吃啥，埃勒？” “我也没有定，”埃勒说，“不知道吃啥好。” Version 2 “你们想吃什么？”乔治问他们。 “我不知道，”其中一个说，“你想吃什么，艾尔？” “我不知道，”艾尔说，“我不知道想吃什么。” Version 3 “你们吃点什么吗？”乔治问他们。 “我说不 上来，” 一个人说，“艾尔，你想吃什么？” “我也说不上来，”艾尔说， “我也说不上来想吃什么。 ”
一、形象性（文学文本语言的基本特征） 通过语言的手段对人物和事物（栩栩如生的人 物、优美如画的景色，引人入胜的故事、充盈 律动的情感）进行细致的描绘，使人物的形象 鲜明、事物的形态突出，具有可视性的效果
Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
Thomas Gray
基于认知框架理论的谚语英译研究
第30卷第2期2021年4月淮阴工学院学报Jonmat of Huaiyin Institute of Tech/obpyVoU33No.2Apo2021基于认知框架理论的谚语英译研究颜蓉(苏州大学外国语学院，江苏苏州215006)摘要：框架理论为人们认识世界提供了一种思路。
近年来，不少学者以框架理论为基础对文本进行解读和分析。
不同文化中的认知框架存在差异，这在翻译中有所体现。
从认知语言学的框架理论来看，翻译的过程可以理解为译者将原文中的框架转化为相应的译入语文化框架的过程，这一过程并非简单的框架对应,而需要进行一定的框架操作以使目标读者更准确地理解原文传递的信息。
以认知框架理论为基础，试图探讨谚语英译中的框架操作问题，以期丰富对翻译的认识,并为谚语英译提供借鉴和思考。
关键词：框架理论;谚语;英译中图分类号：H05文献标志码：A文章编号:1009-7761(2021)02-0044-07A Research on English Translation of Proverbs Basedon Cognitive Frame TheoryYANRogy(School of Foreign Languayos,Soochow Unmps/y,Suzhou Jiangsu215796,China)ASstroch:Frame Theo,,on which provi/os a perspective fhr people to perceive the woOU.In recent years,a nnmber of scholars have analyzef and intemotef texts basef on the0,,.Diberent calturos have different cognitive frameworfs,which are mflecUO in translation2From the perspective of Frame Theos m cognitive lin-yuistics,the process of translation can bo understooh as the process in which the translator transforms the frame of the source text into the covesponding caltural frame of the target lpgupo.The process is not a simple transformation of the frame,but repuiros ceOain opemtions on the iamo to enaPle the target reapers to understand the information conveyef by the source text more accnmtUy.Basef on Cognitive Frame Theos ,this paper attempts to explcue the ogerations on the frame in English translation of proverbs in order to enrich the understanding of translation and provi/o reference and thinking for the English translation of pmOs.Key worbt:Frame Theos；proverfs:English translation1774年,Minsky［在《表征知识的框架》一文中将框架定义为“一种特定情境的数据结构，例如身处某种类型的客厅,或者参加孩子的生日派对”。
A dog's tale 片段译文
2015-2016学年度第一学期《英汉翻译大作业》1．翻译材料简介以下翻译材料节选自一部小说。
小说作者从“狗”的视角来探察人世间的人情世故，所谓“狗眼看世界”、“狗通人性”。
文中狗的世界和人的世界糅合在一起，理解时须加以区分。
2．译文要求文学翻译讲究“信、达、雅”，要用文学语言翻译文学语言，要做到千人千面，不同人物具有各自的语言、性格、心理、形象特征。
另外，在译文格式上，采用小四号宋体，1.5倍行距。
【原文】My father was a St. Bernard, my mother was a collie, but I am a Presbyterian. This is what my mother told me, I do not know these nice distinctions myself. To me they are only fine large words meaning nothing. My mother had a fondness for such; she liked to say them, and see other dogs look surprised and envious, as wondering how she got so much education. But, indeed, it was not real education; it was only show: she got the words by listening in the dining-room and drawing-room when there was company, and by going with the children to Sunday-school and listening there; and whenever she heard a large word she said it over to herself many times, and so was able to keep it until there was a dogmatic gathering in the neighborhood, then she would get it off, and surprise and distress them all, from pocket-pup to mastiff, which rewarded her for all her trouble. If there was a stranger he was nearly sure to be suspicious, and when he got his breath again he would ask her what it meant. And she always told him. He was never expecting this but thought he would catch her; so when she told him, he was the one that looked ashamed, whereas he had thought it was going to be she. The others were always waiting for this, and glad of it and proud of her, for they knew what was going to happen, because they had had experience. When she told the meaning of a big word they were all so taken up with admiration that it never occurred to any dog to doubt if it was the right one; and that was natural,because, for one thing, she answered up so promptly that it seemed like a dictionary speaking, and for another thing, where could they find out whether it was right or not? For she was the only cultivated dog there was. By and by, when I was older, she brought home the word Unintellectual, one time, and worked it pretty hard all the week at different gatherings, making much unhappiness and despondency; and it was at this time that I noticed that during that week she was asked for the meaning at eight different assemblages, and flashed out a fresh definition every time, which showed me that she had more presence of mind than culture, though I said nothing, of course. She had one word which she always kept on hand, and ready, like a life-preserver, a kind of emergency word to strap on when she was likely to get washed overboard in a sudden way—that was the word Synonymous. When she happened to fetch out a long word which had had its day weeks before and its prepared meanings gone to her dump-pile, if there was a stranger there of course it knocked him groggy for a couple of minutes, then he would come to, and by that time she would be away down wind on another tack, and not expecting anything; so when he’d hail and ask her to cash in, I (the only dog on the inside of her game) could see her canvas flicker a moment—but only just a moment—then it would belly out taut and full, and she would say, as calm as a summer’s day, “It’s synonymous with supererogation,” or some godless long reptile of a word like that, and go placidly about and skim away on the next tack, perfectly comfortable, you know, and leave that stranger looking profane and embarrassed, and the initiated slatting the floor with their tails in unison and their faces transfigured with a holy joy.And it was the same with phrases. She would drag home a whole phrase, if it had a grand sound, and play it six nights and two matinees, and explain it in a new way every time—which she had to, for all she cared for was the phrase; she wasn’t interested in what it meant, and knew those dogs hadn’t wit enough to catch her, anyway. Yes, she was a daisy! She got so she wasn’t afraid of anything, she had such confidence in the ignorance of those creatures. She even brought anecdotes that she had heard the family and the dinner-guests laugh and shout over; and as a rule she got the nub of o ne chestnut hitched onto another chestnut, where, of course, it didn’t fit and hadn’t any point; and when she delivered the nub she fell over and rolled on the floor and laughed and barked in the most insane way, while I could see that she was wondering to herself why it didn’t seem as funny as it did when she first heard it. But no harm was done; the others rolled and barked too, privately ashamed of themselves for not seeing the point, and never suspecting that the fault was not with them and there wasn’t any to see.You can see by these things that she was of a rather vain and frivolous character; still, she had virtues, and enough to make up, I think. She had a kind heart and gentle ways, and never harbored resentments for injuries done her, but put them easily out of her mind and forgot them; and she taught her children her kindly way, and from her we learned also to be brave and prompt in time of danger, and not to run away, but face the peril that threatened friend or stranger, and help him the best we could without stopping to think what the cost might be to us. And she taught us not bywords only, but by example, and that is the best way and the surest and the most lasting. Why, the brave things she did, the splendid things! she was just a soldier; and so modest about it—well, you couldn’t help admiring her, and you couldn’t help imitating her; not even a King Charles spaniel could remain entirely despicable in her society. So, as you see, there was more to her than her education.When I was well grown, at last, I was sold and taken away, and I never saw her again. She was broken-hearted, and so was I, and we cried; but she comforted me as well as she could, and said we were sent into this world for a wise and good purpose, and must do our duties without repining, take our life as we might find it, live it for the best good of others, and never mind about the results; they were not our affair. She said men who did like this would have a noble and beautiful reward by and by in another world, and although we animals would not go there, to do well and right without reward would give to our brief lives a worthiness and dignity which in itself would be a reward. She had gathered these things from time to time when she had gone to the Sunday-school with the children, and had laid them up in her memory more carefully than she had done with those other words and phrases; and she had studied them deeply, for her good and ours. One may see by this that she had a wise and thoughtful head, for all there was so much lightness and vanity in it.So we said our farewells, and looked our last upon each other through our tears; and the last thing she said—keeping it for the last to make me remember it the better, I think—was, “In memory of me, when there is a time of danger to another do not think of yourself, think of your mother, and do as she would do.”Do you think I could forget that? No.It was such a charming home!—my new one; a fine great house, with pictures, and delicate decorations, and rich furniture, and no gloom anywhere, but all the wilderness of dainty colors lit up with flooding sunshine; and the spacious grounds around it, and the great garden—oh, greensward, and noble trees, and flowers, no end! And I was the same as a member of the family; and they loved me, and petted me, and did not give me a new name, but called me by my old one that was dear to me because my mother had given it me—Aileen Mavourneen. She got it out of a song; and the Grays knew that song, and said it was a beautiful name.Mrs. Gray was thirty, and so sweet and so lovely, you cannot imagine it; and Sadie was ten, and just like her mother, just a darling slender little copy of her, with auburn tails down her back, and short frocks; and the baby was a year old, and plump and dimpled, and fond of me, and never could get enough of hauling on my tail, and hugging me, and laughing out its innocent happiness; and Mr. Gray was thirty-eight, and tall and slender and handsome, a little bald in front, alert, quick in his movements, business-like, prompt, decided, unsentimental, and with that kind of trim-chiseled face that just seems to glint and sparkle with frosty intellectuality! He was a renowned scientist. I do not know what the word means, but my mother would know how to useit and get effects. She would know how to depress a rat-terrier with it and make a lap-dog look sorry he came. But that is not the best one; the best one was Laboratory. My mother could organize a Trust on that one that would skin the tax-collars off the whole herd. The laboratory was not a book, or a picture, or a place to wash your hands in, as the college president’s dog said—no, that is the lavatory; the laboratory is quite different, and is filled with jars, and bottles, and electrics, and wires, and strange machines; and every week other scientists came there and sat in the place, and used the machines, and discussed, and made what they called experiments and discoveries; and often I came, too, and stood around and listened, and tried to learn, for the sake of my mother, and in loving memory of her, although it was a pain to me, as realizing what she was losing out of her life and I gaining nothing at all; for try as I might, I was never able to make anything out of it at all.Other times I lay on the floor in the mistress’s work-room and slept, she gently using me for a foot-stool, knowing it pleased me, for it was a caress; other times I spent an hour in the nursery, and got well tousled and made happy; other times I watched by the crib there, when the baby was asleep and the nurse out for a few minutes on the baby’s affairs; other times I romped and raced through the grounds and the garden with Sadie till we were tired out, then slumbered on the grass in the shade of a tree while she read her book; other times I went visiting among the neighbor dogs—for there were some most pleasant ones not far away, and one very handsome and courteous and graceful one, a curly-haired Irish setter by the name of Robin Adair, who was a Presbyterian like me, and belonged to the Scotch minister.The servants in our house were all kind to me and were fond of me, and so, as you see, mine was a pleasant life. There could not be a happier dog that I was, nor a gratefuller one. I will say this for myself, for it is only the truth: I tried in all ways to do well and right, and honor my mother’s memory and her teachings, and earn the happiness that had come to me, as best I could.【译文】我爸爸是一条圣伯纳狗，我妈妈是一条柯利牧羊狗，而我却是一条长老会教友狗。
汉英翻译熟语翻译
立竿见影：get instant results
噤若寒蝉：keep quiet
明火执仗：do evil things openly
牵肠挂肚：be full of anxiety and worry
快马加鞭：speed up
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藕断丝连：have not cut off relations completely
To be quite honest with you, I don't know the first thing about the modern drug business.
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5. 有的歇后语利用同音字或近音字相谐， 由原来的意思引申 出所需要的另一个意思，这类歇后语往往最难翻译常用意译。
1. 大部分歇后语在比喻上都生动形象，后半截做出的解释和
说明同前半截的比喻完全是一致的，不包括一词二义的双关语和
谐音词语。对这类普通的歇后语，可以采用直译法。
e.g. 咱俩的事，一条绳拴着俩蚂蚱，谁也跑不了。
We are like two grasshoppers tied to one cord:
to suffer the bitterness of it in silence.
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2. 有些歇后语尽管原文很形象，但由于汉英两种文字在文化 和语言上的差异，不得不改变一下原来的形象，用一种读者十分 熟悉的比喻来进行翻译，即套译。
e.g. 姨奶奶奶犯不着来骂我，我又不是姨奶奶家买的。梅 香拜把子---都是奴才罢了! 这是何苦来呢！
as if the sword of Damocles hung over ... 3. 包含中国古代人名、地名、典故特殊习俗和宗教的谚语只 能意译。
生活趣事英语带翻译作文
It all started during a conversation class where we were asked to discuss our favorite hobbies. I was determined to impress my teacher, so I decided to talk about my love for baking. However, instead of saying "I enjoy baking," I accidentally said, "I enjoy breaking." The entire class burst into laughter, and I was left feeling embarrassed and confused.
总而言之，这个有趣的经历成为了我英语学习旅程中的一个转折点。它教会了我接纳自己的错误，保持幽默感，并继续努力提高语言能力。这是一个我将永远珍视并满怀笑容回忆的记忆。
作文三：英语学习的乐趣
The Joy of Learning English
Learning English can be a challenging task for many, but for me, it has been an incredibly rewarding and enjoyable experience. I have always been fascinated by the English language, and I am constantly seeking out new ways to improve my skills and expand my vocabulary.
English-Chinese Translation 1
1. 2 The classification of translation
1) In terms of linguistic signs: ① Intralingual translation: translation within a language (语内翻译). e.g. classic Chinese → modern Chinese; Cantonese → Putonghua (standard spoken Chinese); etc. ② Interlingual translation: translation between languages (语际翻译). e.g. Chinese → English, or vice versa. ③ Intersemiotic translation: translation between linguistic signs and non-linguistic signs (符际翻译). e.g. flag signals (or sign language) → linguistic signs
2criteriaandprinciplesoftranslation?120中国学者及翻译家的学说?严复的信达雅三字标准?鲁迅先生的兼顾两面论?钱钟书先生的化境说?矛盾先生的忠实通顺准则?林语堂的忠实标准通顺标准美好标准?刘重德先生的信达切三字标准?傅雷重神似不重形似余光中变通的艺术?翻译如婚姻是一种两相妥协的艺术
1. 1. 2 The classification of translation
4) In terms of mode of translation:
文学翻译
1.英译汉：If a dog could speak, it would probably not distinguish between motion and life. Some primitive men do not do so, and travelers interpret them as saying there are spirits everywhere. In our age of machines we are apt to look for mechanical explanations of everything, yet it is only three hundred years since machines had been developed so far that Descartes first suggested that animal and human bodies were machines.如果一只狗说话，它可能不会区分运动和生活。
一些原始的人并不会这样，旅行者通常用一种无处不在的精神来解释。
在当下机器时代，我们倾向于机械的来解释一切，但这个时代只有三百年，因为机器时代已经发展到了笛卡尔所倡导的动物和人体都是机器的时代。
A scientist is apt to think that all the problems of philosophy will ultimately be solved by science. I think this is true for a great many of the questions on which philosophers still argue. For example, Plato thought that when we saw something, one ray of light came to from the sun, and another from our eyes, and that seeing was something like feeling with a stick. We now know that the light comes from the sun, and is reflected into our eyes. We don't know in much detail how the changes in our eyes give rise to sensation. But there is every reason to think that as we learn more about the physiology of the brain, we shall do so, and that the great philosophical problems about knowledge and will are going to be pretty fully cleared up.科学家总是认为哲学的所有问题最终都可以用科学来解决。
英汉词汇中狗的不同翻译
（１）适用性，如：ｇｕｉｄｅ ｄｏｇ（领路狗）ｈｕｎｔｉｎｇ ｄｏｇ（猎狗） （２）受宠、娇养，如：ｆａｖｏｒｉｔｅ ｄｏｇ（宠物犬）ｌｏｖｅｌｙ ｄｏｇ（爱犬） （３）忠诚、执着，如：ｆａｉｔｈｆｕｌ ｄｏｇ（忠诚的狗）ｏｂｅｄｉｅｎｔ ｄｏｇ（顺从的狗） （４）凶残、狠恶，如：ｓｎａｐ ｌｉｋｅ ａ ｄｏｇ（像狗一样的咬住） 另外， 在英语中有些与“ｄｏｇ”构成的合 成 词 或 词 组 不 一 定 是“狗 ”或 与“狗 ”有 关 的 动 物 。
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The Perfect Dog
Jan Peck
During summer vacations, I would volunteer at the vet’s, so I’d seen a lot of dogs. Minnie was by far the funniest-looking dog I’d ever seen. Thin curly hair barely covered her sausage-shaped body. Her bugged-out eyes always seemed surprised and her tail looked like a rat’s tail.
She was brought to the vet to be put to sleep because her owners didn’t want her anymore. I thought Minnie had a sweet personality, though. No one could judge her by her looks, I thought. So the vet spayed her and gave her the necessary shots. Finally, I advertised Minnie in the local paper:“Funny-looking dog, well behaved, needs loving family.”
When a young man called, I warned him that Minnie was strange looking. The boy on the phone told me that his gran dfather’s sixteen-year-old dog had just died. They wanted Minnie no matter what. I gave Minnie a good bath and fluffed up what was left of her scraggly hair. Then we waited for them to arrive.
At last, an old car drove up in front of the vet’s. Two kids ra ced to the door. They scooped Minnie into their arms and rushed her out to their grandfather, who was waiting in the car. I hurried behind them to see his reaction to Minnie.
Inside the car, the grandfather cradled Minnie in his arms and stroked her soft hair. She licked his face. Her rat-tail wagged around so quickly that it looked like it might fly off her body. It was love at first lick.
“She’s perfect!”the old man exclaimed.
I was thankful that Minnie had found the good home that she deserved.
That’s when I saw that the grandfather’s eyes were a milky white color—he was blind.。