英语四六级阅读材料
四级必读英语阅读12篇_中英文
C) to estimate the length of cable that was needed
Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings ,but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.
For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea ,there was little reason to ask many questions about it ,let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question ”what is at the bottom of the oceans? ”had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.
大学英语四级美文阅读
【导语】阅读经典美⽂可以丰富学⽣的知识,巩固学习成果。
下⾯是由带来的⼤学英语四级美⽂阅读，欢迎阅读!【篇⼀】⼤学英语四级美⽂阅读 不要降低⾃⼰的标准 Suppose a child comes home with a report card with five As and one B. Usually the first thinghis parents will say is "Why the B?" What do you think will go through the child’s mind? Did hetry for the B? Or should his parents congratulate the child for the B and accept a lowerstandard? Not at all. What the child is really looking for acknowledgement and encouragement for the effort ingetting the five As. A parent after acknowledging and praising the As, can make clear hisexpectations of seeing all six As and offer help if needed. If we lower our standards, thechances are pretty good that the performance next time would drop to those expectations. Similarly at work, an employee does 100 things right and one thing wrong. Guess what theboss picks on. Acknowledge the positive but don't lower your standards. 假如⼀个孩⼦带回家⼀张五个A，⼀个B的成绩单，他的⽗母亲⾸先通常会这样问：“为什么得了个B?”你认为孩⼦⼼⾥会怎么想?难道他是争取得个B吗?或者⽗母亲应该祝贺孩⼦得了个B，并接受这较低的标准吗?根本不是。
四六级阅读双语素材
四六级阅读双语素材1Scalpers Lay Siege to iPad Mini in BeijingThe release of Apple Inc.'s iPad Mini on Friday at its flagship storein Beijing was missing the massive and unruly crowdsreminiscent of some the company’s previous product launchesin China, but scalpers were still out in force despite rules makingit tougher for them to buy most of the stock.苹果公司(Apple Inc.)上周五在北京旗舰店开始销售iPad Mini，期间不见苹果以往在中国推出新产品时出现的规模庞大、混乱无序的人群，但仍有大批黄牛党出没，尽管苹果制定的规定令黄牛党更难以大量购买产品。
Apple is requiring Chinese customers to participate in an online lottery one day in advance to buythe wifi-version of the iPad Mini at its seven retail stores in China. Those selected, however, arelimited to two iPad Minis each and must bring photo identification.苹果要求中国客户在苹果专卖店购买WiFi版iPad Mini之前的一天参加网上摇号抽签活动。
不过，抽中的顾客每人只限购买两部iPad Mini，而且必须出示附有照片的身份证件。
苹果在中国有七家专卖店。
大学英语四级阅读理解精读100篇
Passage One (Clinton Is Right)President Clinton‘s decision on Apr.8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China‘s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag. The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lost opportunity. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked ―the courage‖ to reach an accord. And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations, the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.In fact, Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal. A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached. And without the Administration‘s goal of a ―bullet-proof agreement‖ that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.THE HARD PART. Many business lobbyists, while disappointed that the deal was not closed, agree that better terms can still be had. And Treasury Secretary Robert E. Rubin, National Economic Council Director Gene B. Sperling, Commerce Secretary William M. Daley, and top trade negotiator Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made a remarkable number of concessions, ―we‘re not there yet,‖ according to senior officials. Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton can signal U.S. approval for China‘s entry into the WTO himself, he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanent most-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord. And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming. Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott (R-Miss) declared himself skeptical that China deserved entry into the WTO. And Senators Jesse A. Helms (R-N.C.) and Emest F. Hollings (D-S. C.) promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners: Get more protection for the U. S. clothing industry. Hoping to smooth the way, the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on ―cultural‖ restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked efforts to allow U. S. auto makers to provide fleet financing. BIG JOB. Already, business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement, but what they‘ve heard so far isn‘t encouraging. Republicans, including Lott, say that ―the time just isn‘t right‖ for the deal. Translation: We‘re determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious, and labor rights violations; the theft of nuclear-weapons technology; and the sale of missile parts to America‘s enemies. Beijing‘s fierce critics within the Democratic Party, such as Senator Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A. Gephardt of Missouri, won‘t help, either.Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr. 20, when Rubin lectured 19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies. With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track trade negotiating legislation in 1997, working together won‘t be easy. And Republicans—with a wink—say that they‘ll eventually embrace China‘s entry into the WTO as a favor to Corporate America. Though not long before they torture Clinton. But Zhu is out on a limb, and if Congress overdoes the criticism, he may be forced by domestic critics to renege. Business must make thismuch dear to both its GOP allies and the Whit House: This historic deal is too important to risk losing to any more partisan squabbling1. The main idea of this passage is[A]. The Contradiction between the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.[B]. On China‘s entry into WTO.[C]. Clinton was right.[D]. Business Lobbyists Control Capitol Hill.2. What does the sentence ―Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, Detroit‖ convey?[A]. Premier Zhu rejected their requirements.[B]. The three places overdid criticism.[C]. They wanted more protection.[D]. They are in trouble.3. What was the attitude of the Republican Party toward China‘s entry into the WTO?[A]. Contradictory. [B].Appreciative.[C]. Disapproving. [D]. Detestful.4. Who plays the leading part in the deal in America?[A]. White House . [B]. Republicans.[C]. The Democratic Party. [D]. Businessmen.5. It can be inferred from the passage that[A]. America will make concessions.[B]. America will hold out for a better WTO[C]. Clinton has the right to signal U. S. approval for China‘s entry.[D]. Democratic party approve China‘s entry into the WTO.答案祥解1. C. 总统是对的。
四六级下半年英语六级阅读练习素材-美国历史的见证—白宫含答案
2022年下半年英语六级阅读练习素材:美国历史的见证—白宫The White HouseThe White House has been the home of every UnitedStates president except George Washington2 .Abigail Adams3 was the first“First Lady” to move intothe Pennsylvania Avenue mansion. She used tohang her family’s laundry in the unfinished EastRoom4. The White House was burned by the Britishduring the War of 1812. Soon after, the house wasrebuilt and painted white, and it has been known as the White House ever since .The White House is both a public house and a private home. Its character changes with eachnew president. Gas lighting was installed in 1848, but bathrooms were not added until thirtyyears later. By 1950 , the building was no longer safe to live in . The Truman5 family moved outwhile repairs were made. Jacqueline Kennedy6 developed the plan to decorate the White Houseas it is today.The 132 -room mansion is furnished with antiques, portraits of the presidents, and other artwork. The President’s Oval Office7 and staff offices are on the ground floor. The state receptionrooms are on the first floor. The second and third floors are where the president and his familylive.The job of President is very demanding. Every minute of every day is planned. The Presidentmay start with a breakfast meeting with his Cabinet, move on to the East Room for a pressconference, meet with a foreign ambassador in the Blue Room, then end the day at a dinner inthe State Dining Room.The President and his family share their home with the public every morning. Long lines stretchfor blocks. They wait for a chance to see the nation’s most popular house, and possibly aglimpse of the President.阅读自测Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions:1. He was known_______ a great novelist.2. My mother is known_______ her cooking.3. He’s known_______ everyone as a good actor.Ⅱ. Answer the following questions:1. What happened to the White House during the War of 18122. How is the White House furnished参考答案Ⅰ. 1. as 2 . for 3. toⅡ. 1. It was burned by the British. 2. It’s furnishedwith antiques, portraits of the presidents, and otherartwork.参考译文美国历史的见证——白宫除乔治·华盛顿以外, 白宫是历任美国总统的家。
四六级双语阅读素材
四六级双语阅读素材2Clinton Tests US Influence In MideastSecretary of State Hillary Clinton began an emergency trip tothe Middle East on Tuesday in an attempt to settle a week ofescalating conflict between Israel and Palestinians in the GazaStrip, a mission that also stands as a test of the U.S.'s influencein the region following its Arab Spring upheavals.美国国务卿希拉里克林顿(Hillary Clinton)周二紧急前往中东地区，试图解决以色列和巴勒斯坦在加沙地带长达一周且不断升级的冲突。
克林顿此行也是在检验―阿拉伯之春‖动荡过后美国在这一地区的影响力。
She will enter a changed landscape. The latest conflict has fortified the Gaza Strip's ruling party, Hamas, at the expense of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, a long-standing U.S. partner. Mrs. Clinton will have to work closely with new Egyptian leader Mohammed Morsi, who has emerged asthe point man in talks between Israel and Hamas but has carefully guarded his independence fromWashington.克林顿即将面对的是一个被改变的格局。
2020年9月大学英语四级阅读文章4篇
【导语】因为坚持，才会有破茧成蝶这样美好的故事。
作为备考⼈，我们也想为⾃⼰争取⼀个完美的结局。
为此，为⼤家准备了“2020年9⽉⼤学英语四级阅读⽂章4篇”，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注！【篇⼀】2020年9⽉⼤学英语四级阅读⽂章 As the 11 of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often 12 to be. A certain amount of stress is 13 to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor 14 and ill health. The amount of stress a person can 15 depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are 16 prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of 17 difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so 18 , but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued 19 to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot 20 stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could) , we need to find ways to deal with it.A. cancelB. paceC. extremeD. automaticallyE. removeF. vitalG. performanceH. supposed I. rate J. exposure K. achievement L. unusual M obviously N withstand O harsh 答案：11. B 12. H 13. F 14. G 15. N 16. M 17. L 18. C 19. J 20. E【篇⼆】2020年9⽉⼤学英语四级阅读⽂章 Taste is such a subjective matter that we don't usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone's preference, is that it's one person's opinion. But because the two big cola(可乐) companies Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed aggressively, we've wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either C0ca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting. We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic (传统型)or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的)Coke, or Diet Pepsi-These were people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. We eventually located 19regular cola drinkers and 27diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentifiedsamples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked themto tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants 'choices with what mere gum-work would have accomplished. Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7out of19regular cola drinkers correctly identified theirbrand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse -only 7of27identified all four samples correctly. While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burn out, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price. 练习题： Choose correct answers to the question: 1. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to _____. A. find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinking B. reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers C. show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guess-work D. compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks 2. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show _____. A. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinks B. there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi C. few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi D. people's tastes differ from one another 3. It is implied in the first paragraph that _____. A. the purpose of taste tests b to promote the sale of colas B. the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies C. the competition between the two colas is very strong D. blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans 4. The word "burnout"(Line4,Para.5) here refers to the state of _____. A. being seriously burnt in the skin B. being unable to burn for lack of fuel C. being badly damaged by fire D. being unable to function because of excessive use 5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to _____. A. show that taste preference is highly subjective B. argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy C. emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other D. recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas 1.[A] 第1段第3句提到，由于两⼤可乐公司的营销如此具有攻击性，我们不由想知道对味道的偏好在品牌忠诚度上起多⼤的作⽤，A与之相符。
英语四级作文范文阅读(实用46篇)
英语四级作文范文阅读第1篇In recent years, to get a certificate Why does this craze appear?To begin with, it is the employment pressure that forces college students to get more certificates. With the admission expansion of colleges, a lot more graduates have to face the fierce competition in the job market. How can one make himself more competitive? More certificates at hand, maybe. Furthermore, diploma and certificates are still vital standards by which a good many employers measure a person’s ability. In order to increase the qualifications for a job, the students compel themselves to run from one exam to another. From my point of view, we should be more rational when it comes to certificates, since certificates do not necessarily prove one’s ability. Being craz y in getting certificates blindly is nothing but wasting time. To conclude, we should focus on improving our ability but not getting a certificate of no practical value.英语四级作文范文阅读第2篇In China, there’s a saying that ^v^The landscape of Guilin tops that of any other place under heaven.^v^ In light of this, I will recommend Guilin as the first destination of my foreign friend’s trip to China.Overlooking the Li Jiang River, Guilin is located in the northeast of Guangxi. The name was derived from the cassia trees of the location. The trees line the streets of the town with yellow flowers blossoming every September, filling the air with sweet scent. Guilin is a place of breath-taking scenery. From ancient times, Guilin has been noted for its elegant landscape. It features beautiful mountains, clear rivers, grotesque rocks andmystic crags, which is a feast for the eyes. Sitting on a bamboo raft drifting down the river, visitors can see the varied shapes of the pinnacles reflected in the water. They will feel as if they were in a scroll of Chinese landscape believe that my foreign friend will marvel at the unparalleled beauty of Guilin.英语四级作文范文阅读第3篇Can money buy happiness? Various people have various answers. Some people think that money is the source of happiness. With money, one can buy whatever he enjoys. With money, one can do whatever he likes. So, in their minds, money can bring comfort, security, and so on. Money, as they think, is the source of happiness.But there are still a lot of others who think that money is the root of all evil. Money drives people to steal, to rob, and to break the law. A lot of people became criminals just because they were in search of money. And in the Western countries, there is nothing that can’t be bought by money. Many people lose their own lives when hunting it.I think that money is essential to life and we cannot do without money. But even though money is necessary to life, it can’t buy happiness. Happiness is not something that can be measured by money. It is a state of mind. One can have plenty of money, with which he can buy whatever he wants, and at the same time he is not happy because he is never satisfied orhe is troubled by various kinds of problems. Therefore, although money is necessary for a happy life, it can’t buy happiness.英语四级作文范文阅读第4篇English has been getting more and more popular in the last decade. Many countries have made English taught as the second language in schools. But why do students need English? If they do need, what do they need it for?Different students learn English for different purposes. Most of the students learn English because they need to read English textbooks or journals and attend English lectures, while a few students use it to talk to English-speaking visitors, attend seminars, or write letters and reports.?Whatever the purposes are, one thing is certain: Students need English, and English teaching should be strengthened in universities. However, the current teaching methods should be improved and the teaching materials should be updated to satisfy their needs.英语四级作文范文阅读第5篇As we all know, the situation of employment graduate is urgent nowadays. Employment becomes a major social issue in our country. More and more people pay great attention to it.This issue result from two aspects. First many undergraduates are finding jobs. They hope to get a job with high salary and other pensions. So the government and the society face great pressure. More job opportunities are needed to create for them.On the other hand, there are many vacancies of jobs in the west. So there comes an imbalance between the supply and demand in the east and the west. Few people want to seek jobs in the west. They prefer to live in the major cities, such as Beijing , shanghai and other developped areas. To solve this issue, it is a better choice to encourage people to seek jobs in the west. This also help to develop local economy and offer a brandew chance for graduates.英语四级作文范文阅读第6篇Charity is of utmost importance to us humans. While following a spate of scandals, some individuals and institutions involved in this field have encountered criticism in recent months. There are several reasons for this phenomenon. Above all, compared with those of developed countries, the charity awareness in our country is backward. Some people equal charity with donation, and therefore they believe that charity is the rich’s responsibility and has nothing to do with the middle-class and the poor. The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that a number of individuals and charitable organizations lack a sense of social responsibility, which results in the declining social credibility.For my part, I believe the following steps can address this situation. Firstly, people’s awareness of how profound influence charity can bring to our society should be heightened. Secondly, rigorous supervision must be carried out by the administrations involved, so that the charity activities will become more transparent.英语四级作文范文阅读第7篇Dormitory life is an indispensable part of college life. But sometimes the harmony in the dormitory is disturbed in one way or another.As is known to all, a harmonious dormitory life is important to college students and benefits all the members. On the one hand, we can have a good rest and put our heart into study. On the other hand, we will have a good mood and enjoy being together.There are several ways to create and maintain a harmonious dormitory life. Firstly, you have to evaluate your life-style and try to get rid of your dirty habits, if there are any. Secondly, when an annoying situation arises, you’ll just have to learn to tolerate each other and co-exist. Thirdly, you’ll have to share with each other and make good friends.In conclusion, we should try our best to build harmonious dormitory life for the sake of good study and good life.英语四级作文范文阅读第8篇Mike is one of my foreign friends. If he comes to our country, I shall take him to the Great Wall first. There exist three reasons for my decision.To begin with, the Great Wall symbolizes China ancient history. The Wall built from the 5th century BC until the beginning of the 17th century, experiencing our countrys various dynasties.Whats more, it embodies our primary principle: teamwork is everything. Obviously, it was rather difficult to build such a wall in the ancient days without any modern machines, because all the work had to be done only by hand. But millions of China people came together and made it a reality.Finally, the Great Wall expresses our determination to resist invasion. The Wall was originally a project of Qin dynasty designed to keep out the invaders. Although millions of people died for building the Wall, China people defended our own sovereignty.I believe that Mike will satisfy with my arrangement.英语四级作文范文阅读第9篇Many young people in China today prefer Western holidays to traditional Chinese festivals. Christmas is now celebrated by the younger generation all over China, and it has become especially popular as a romantic holiday for boyfriends and girlfriends or young married couples. Valentine\'s Day is also extremely popular, and even Halloween is being celebrated now.This phenomenon has actually developed quite naturally in recent decades due to our educational system\'s focus on English study and therefore on English-speaking cultures. To many students, Western culture has become a symbol of self-expression and freedom from restraint. Celebrating Western holidays has become a way for students to express their love ofsomething different from traditional Chinese culture, and to have fun together with their own generation.In my opinion, it\'s fine for students learning English and studying English-speaking cultures to celebrate Western holidays with their teachers and classmates. However, the way I see it, unless the young people later go abroad to live in those cultures, there is no reason for them to continue to celebrate them. We Chinese should hold on to our traditional festivals, the festivals which we have celebrated for centuries.英语四级作文范文阅读第10篇With the popularity of the Internet, network columns in which celebrities such as pop stars, atheles show off their wealth become prevalent.Opinions on this issue differ from person to person. An army of people, especially youngsters today are fond of these activities. Not only can they know about the latest information of these celebrities but also they can get their shopping desires stimulated by copying what the rich do. On the contrary, a number of people hold the negative attitude towards this phenomenon. They maintain that the show-off may mislead the public’s value of consumption that erode people’s outlook on life.For my part, despite the continuous improvement of people’s living standard, in China where the gap between the rich and the poor is increasingly widening, the rich should play at least a small role in helping those in povertity instead of flaunting their wealth.英语四级作文范文阅读第11篇^v^A new industry developed new stars of dress. You think of kind of Silicon Valley and all those new media industries where you know it\'s actually a virtue not to wear a suit, you know a suit\'s for squares - that\'s rather old-fashioned language. But you know there is a kind of reaction against the suit, isn\'t there?^v^^v^Yeah, I think when we see the 1960s, we see a move towards casualisation. And you\'re quite right in more formal industries like the law, like banking, people still wear the formal suit. But Silicon Valley, media people like yourself indeed wear open-necked shirts. But even in those areas now with the current difficulty with job market, you find it actually people are dressing flauntily more smartly. They are being a little more cautious. And when you look at the sort of best-dressed man in Britain today, guess what, he is backing a suit.^v^英语四级作文范文阅读第12篇Fast food is becoming more popular in China, especially among children and teenagers. Today、it’s certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that mirrors the fast pace of modern society as powerfully as fast food.There are several reasons for its popularity. First, it is very convenient and saves a lot of time. The trends of modern society seem to all point to one ultimate goal — saving time, and fast food well serves this purpose. Second, its popularity is also attributed to the clean andcomfortable environment of fast food restaurants, the excellent service, and the guaranteed quality of food.However From the nutritional point of view. It usually does not compose a balanced diet and doctors suggest that people, especially children, eat fast food as little as possible. Therefore, fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry and turn to it once in a while. (157 words)英语四级作文范文阅读第13篇As a product of modern computer and the Internet, online games have become very popular among college students. Many students have enjoyed great pleasure and satisfaction from these games. But as we see, some students lacking self-discipline are too much indulged in these games so that their health and academic performances are affected. This phenomenon has caused much worry from the teachers and parents.However, some others argue that online games are not always harmful. They can train the ability of youngsters to respond to things quickly. Moreover, they can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science. More importantly, it does bring college students much pleasure and release their pressure greatly.From my point of view, online games are a wonderful entertainment if you play them in a clever way. When they interfere too much with your study, it is better for you to give them up at once. But if you have enough self-control over them, you can certainly obtain real pleasure and benefit a lot from them.英语四级作文范文阅读第14篇With the modernization of the world, people’s standard of living has improved a lot. Then there appears a state of sub-health among people which poses a new threat to them.There are some tpical symptoms for people who are in a state of sub-health. First of all, those who suffer from it often have a headache or backache. Secondly, they feel like having a rest frequently. What upsets us most is that, the situation spreading countrywide. As a result, more and more workers in big cities are harassed by it, with a percentage of 75 in Beijing, 72 in Shanghai and 70 in Guangzhou respectively.Then how can we sovle this problem effectibely? Experts suggest that the best way to keep ourselves thealthy is to do exercises. It is also very important that people should form a good living habit, for example, getting up early and going to sleep early. Only doing so can we keep us healthy.英语四级作文范文阅读第15篇From the chart above, we can definitely get a conclusion that the more you learned, the higher your salary would be. The figures in the chart denied the claim that knowledge is useless. However quite a few people still hold the opinion that a higher education does no good to a better job since that there are many university students who can not get an ideal job.What I want to point out is that there is more than one factor that contributes to the failure of finding an ideal job for those who got a higher education. While those who failed to get a better education will hardly succeed in getting a good job because they didn’t get the knowledge systematically and scientifically.As the proverb goes like this, Knowledge is power. Education pays, sooner or later.英语四级作文范文阅读第16篇The rise of mobile phones has been blamed for a number of social ills, but your smart phone may also be making you physically sick as well.Scientists have identified a condition called “cybersickness”, which they say is the digital version of motion sickness.The phenomenon, which affects up to 80 percent of the population who own smartphones or tablets, leads to feelings of nausea and unsteadiness.It is caused by seeing fast motion on a screen and covers anything from a car chase in a film to scrolling through web pages on your phone.The more realistic the visual content is, the higher your chances of getting cybersickness. The condition was identified in a piece in the New York Times in which British and US experts said that it needed addressing.Cyriel Diels, a cognitive psychologist and human factors researcher at Coventry University’s centre for Mobility and Transport, said: “It’s a fundamental problem that’s kind o f been swept under the carpet in the tech industry.It’s a natural response to an unnatural environment.Motion sickness leaves sufferers feeling ill because they feel movement in your muscles and your inner ear but do not see it.The mismatch in digital sickness is the opposite—you see movement on the screen but do not feel it.The effect is the same and the symptoms include a headache, wanting to throw up, confusion and the need to sit down.Often cybersickness manifests itself in a subtle way and sufferers put it down to stress or eyestrain.Steven Rauch, a professor of otolaryngology at Harvard Medical School, said: “Your sense of balance is different than other senses in that it has lots of inputs.When those inputs don’t agree, that’s when you feel dizziness and nausea “Some studies that have been carried out into cybersickness found that women are more susceptible than men, the New York Times reported.Those who have Type A’ personalities—meaning they are confident and assertive—are more likely to suffer from cybersickness as well.Among those who have reported experiencing the condition have been video gamers who spend hours playing fast paced games.Cinema-goers have struggled with some scenes in action movies which have quick cuts and fast editing—and virtual reality has made the problem even worse.Jonathan Weinstein, a professor at the Kanbar Institute for Film and Television at New York University’s Tisch School of the Arts, said: “The idea is to get audiences to feel like participants in the action rather than outside observers of the action.Engineers at Oculus VR, the virtual headset manufacturer, have admitted that digital motion sickness is one of their biggest problems.英语四级作文范文阅读第17篇Nowadays more and more parents are eager to send their children to study abroad before they finish high school by whatever means and at whatever is quite understandable for parents to send their children to study overseas because they place high expectations on their children. They are encouraged by the success stories of those who have completed their overseas study.With the development of economy, companies and institutions at home are giving more and more emphasis on overseas experiences, too. Consequently, pursuing overseas study became a kind of short cut in gaining a better future. Moreover, there is still one underlying reason for this rush-economic reason. The rapid economic progress in the past few years in China has enabled more and more parents to afford the huge cost for their children’s overseas for m e, overseas study is surely a helpful way to get both advanced knowledge and necessary experiences, but overseas study at an early age is neither necessary nor benef1cial. The students may be too young to either tend for themselves or think for themselves. I do think that overseas study can contribute to one’s self-improvement, but it’s better to be pursued after one has finished his college study at home, when he is more capable of learning and living on his own.英语四级作文范文阅读第18篇Recent years have seen a tendency in China that tourism is growing faster. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 47% urban residents travel regularly, and 28% rural residents also make their tour across the country. The survey also shows that more people are interested in tourism, and will join the army in the future. Facing this tendency, we can’t help exploring some underlying factors that are responsible. In the very first place, with the policy of reform and opening up, Chinese people’s living standard has been greatly improved, and therefore, most of them can afford to travel around. What’s more, it is believed that people now take a more positive attitude to tourism, and regard it as a life style. In addition, tourism facilities are becoming better and better. For example, transportation develops fast, and many scenic spots are available now.Though there are still some problems with tourism, I personally believe that tourism should be playing a key role in our life. I also hope that our government will make policies to create a better environment for tourists.英语四级作文范文阅读第19篇It is reported by the World Luxury Association that by 2012 China will have been expected to be the biggest trade and consumer center of luxury goods. And this provokes a heated discussion.There are many factors that have stimulated this great change of consumption value. First of all, the rising of living standard enables people to afford the luxury goods. Secondly, owing to the high quality and famous designer, consumers prefer luxuries as long as the goods meet their needs in terms of aesthetics or collection value. Last but not least, it is vanity that derives more and more people to buy luxury goods. Consumers prefer so much to imitate their idols like pop stars that they just blindly pursue the trend and label themselves as rich. As a college student, I am supposed to buy what I can afford. I’ll take the factors like style , quality and design into consideration, regardless of whatever the brand is.英语四级作文范文阅读第20篇It has been said that when people succeed,it is because of hard work and that luck has nothing to do with I believe that hard work is very important and is the surest way to success for most people,I must disagree with this cannot be denied that luck often plays an important role in example,many important discoveries have been made by have been many cases of researchers and inventors making major breakthroughs while they were actually trying to solve another problem or create a different device.Furthermore,there is something to be said for simply being in the right place at the right time-perhaps meeting someone by chance who can offer a good job or rare of course,there are the rare examples of gamblers and lottery winners who beat the odds and achieve sudden and unexpected success.While the influence of luck cannot be ignored,this is not to say that one should depend on it and ignore the value of hard one is willing to work hard,I believe that success will eventually be achieved,with or without the added benefit of work is often an essential ingredient of luck because it enables one to take advantage of a lucky the scientist has not worked hard to develop his knowledge and skills,he may not recognize that lucky breakthrough when it comes suggestion is not to count on luck to bring you hard and keep your eyes open for that lucky opportunity.英语四级作文范文阅读第21篇last week, li ning and i studied in classroom. suddenly, lining said to me that he had a headache .i asked he to see doctor. he said it was not bad. after 5 miniuts, lining sai to me his headache very serious. so i helped him go to hosptialalthought there was sars around us, but i felt very rm from this thing. it told me that the love from true heart can help come across any difficult. we are so lucky that we live in a big warmth family. and not very long, my classmate was getting healthy and could come to school again. how happy we were!英语四级作文范文阅读第22篇Do you need books? Here are a sea of books waiting for you!You will find the course books useful for your major, for your examinations and for your certificates like CET-4 or CET-6. You will find the books that you are looking forward to. The books will be helpful when you are preparing for some examinations or when you are busy with your dissertation. These used books are all in a good condition, which ensures pleasant reading experience for you.If you are really interested these books, and if you are expecting a good price for the books, just come and find what you are looking for. You won’t be let down. Please call me at x xx. Let’s make things better together.英语四级作文范文阅读第23篇Some people tend to stick to their positions all the time, as they think the longer one works in a particular field, the more skillful one will be at it. Some have been teachers all their lives. Some devote their life energy to scientific research. Such people love their work and turn out to be specialists in their own field. They are usually high achievers.Some are different. They are in the habit of job-hopping, for they always pursue what is new and stimulating. They never seem content with their present situation. Some like to meet more people, make more money and new acquaintances, so they hop from job to job.As far as I am concerned, I want to be professionally strong. I am not in favor of frequent job hopping, as the saying goes Jack of all trades, master of none. But I want to have opportunities for advancement and as many colleagues as possible to cooperate and communicate with so as to be more creative and less partial.英语四级作文范文阅读第24篇The urban traffic is getting increasingly crowded nowadays in China. The roads are pakced with cars, bicylces and pedestrians and traffic jams, bus delays and traffic accidents are a common scene.Then how to solve this problem? Some suggest to lay down more roads to make the traffic less crowded and speed up the flow of traffic. Others believe that we should open up more public bus routes, so that more people will take the public buses instead of travelling by cars and bicycles.Though above two views sound reasonable, they have their own drawbacks. The fomer may take up much land which could be used for farms and houses. The latter may cause inconvenience for those who are used to travelling by car or bicycles. I think the best answerto the traffic problem is a combination of the two. More roads can be built to hold more traffic and meanwhile more public bus routes can be opened up to those who prefer to use the public transportation.英语四级作文范文阅读第25篇Smoe people say that money is the best thing in the world. But I consider reading books as the best and the most precious thing one can ever have.Reading books is very important. First of all, it is knowledge that makes society develop and by reading books you can get all kinds of knowledge. Furthemore, reading books makes you a qualified person and makes your life enjoyable.One is never too old to learn. No matter what time you rcalize the importance of reading books, you can enjoy it during the rest of your life time. Love books, for they are your best friends.英语四级作文范文阅读第26篇There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether one should expect a reward when doing a good deed. People\'s opinions differ sharply on this issue. Some hold the positive view. They say that it is a natural thing for one to get rewarded after he has made contributions to the society, especially in an age of market economy. Otherwise, people would be discouraged from helping others.Others, however, hold the opposite view. They maintain that one should learn from Lei Feng and expect no reward when helping others. Anyway, everything is not a commodity. The whole society would be in danger if we all calculated conscience and affection in terms of money. Anyway, as the saying goes, it is love, instead of money, that turns the world around. Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, we should recognize and reward in time people who have done a good deed or good deeds; on the other hand, we should keep it in mind that we do not help others for money, but out of love and responsibility. Only in this way can we achieve a really harmonious society.英语四级作文范文阅读第27篇There is an undeniable fact that the number of animals is declining faster than ever before. According to a recent survey made by some experts, about 37 species disappear from our earth every year. It is obvious that the problem has become a serious one worth our concern. When we explore this problem, some underlying factors emerge. In the very first place, human beings have played a big part. With the fast development of human society, the environment is much destroyed, and animals lose their home. Accordingly, some species become extinct. What’s more, people hunt animals for food and skin. A good case in point is that the Japanese have killed a lot of whales because they like to eat the meat. In addition, human beings are largely responsible for the pollution of natural environment, and poison animals in many ways.The current problem, I believe, should be solved immediately. First of all, our government should play a key role in making relevant rules and protecting animals. The general public should also be educated to value the existence of these animals on our planet.英语四级作文范文阅读第28篇omen are playing an increasingly important part in society today. more and more women go to work to earn money instead of keeping the house or looking after the children. women have entered many fields of society including scientific field. as we know, many women sports teams have won the world’s champions such as chinese women’s volleyball team.ith the changes in their social role, women’s position in the family has been improved as well. husbands are not the masters of wives in many places. husbands and wives are equal now. they join together to overcome difficulties and share happiness.豹眎n spite of these changes, the liberation of women has not been completely realized. also in some places. women are considered being “thing” belong to men. they have little chance to find jobs. they don’t get equal pay for equal job. this is a problem must be solved not only by society but also by women themselves.英语四级作文范文阅读第29篇Students mental health has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. Indeed, it is widely accepted that it has gained growing popularity among persons in all walks of life. There is a general discussion today about the issue of disorder in brains. Obviously, it is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent problems. Authorities in universities play a critical role in the situation. To begin with, schools, such as colleges or universities, can provide chances for the young men to ease their attention. Whats more, some are physically strong, but psychological problems are able to bring potential threats. Teaches may have a chance to find them in advance. Besides, specialists in this field are to be required to make full preparation for cases in time. Facing the crisis, experts can deal with it in a professional way, which means they have more or better opportunities to save us than others.英语四级作文范文阅读第30篇The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. Why? Admittedly, in the contemporay society, an increasing number of people, with the help of translation apps, find it convenient to read foreign literature or essays.On the one hand, these apps can bring users greater efficiency and help them save more time or energy, particularly for those who have no knowledge of a foreign language. For instance, a host of people may have a variety of difficulties or troubles in learning English, but with the assistance of these apps, it will not be difficult for them to read and understand English materials. On the other hand, it is these apps that cuase some learners to lose motivation for studying. With Apps in hand, they are not willing to do their utmost to memorize new words, pratice speaking or writing skills every day. Fianlly, they will fail to get a good command of any foreign language.。
四六级英语范文(共9篇)
四六级英语范文12016年四六级英语作文模板四六级考试在即，这次考试出题方式无非是英文谚语、图画作文、提纲式作文，下面百分网小编为大家分享最新的英语作文模板，希望对大家四六级考试写作有帮助!第一段英文谚语：模板1I assume that you are familiar with the words of sb, who once said, "…" It is obvious that simple as the remark may sound, it contains abundant life philosophy and informs us of the significance of 谚语主题(若谚语看不懂，此处横线部分可以删除) Definitely, it values greatly not merely in our study but in our daily work and life as well.模板2In this constantly changing modern society, nearly every person has a clear notion about the significance of …., with which we can make a great difference to the world. As a proverb goes, "…." Obviously, the saying delivers the message that if people want to…., they should ….图画作文：模板1This is a funny but enlightening drawing: 图片描述 Apparently, such a scene can be easily linked to 图片主题(xxxections里有提示)模板2What a compelling and eye-catching drawing it is! …. The author, via this drawing, sends us a clear message of the importance of X.提纲作文：As the society and economy rapidly advance, various phenomena have been presented in our routine life, among which ……deserves most of our attention. Turning around, we can find too numerous examples to list.第二段与第三段模板1Why does 主题 play an indispensable role in our life? It enables us to achieve our objectives more smoothly and realize our dreams more rapidly. 扩充一句. How could we achieve the rapid progress in our study if we fail to ….(谚语中的事情) ? Quite a few examples can be given to prove the importance of 谚语主题, however, I can think of no better illustration than the following one: Liu Xiang, the former world NO. 1 man runner, is a weak boy, who doesn't seem to be cut out for sports but owes his success to 谚语主题.From my perspective, at no time should we ignore the importance of谚语主题Accordingly，as a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for our youngsters to ……. Do bear in mind: ……..模板2There are several reasons accountable for this standpoint. Firstly, people consider …as important because it can help achieve our objectives more smoothly and realize our dreams more rapidly. Only by … can we truly develop our understanding of the essence of our world. Secondly, the society has become increasingly intricate and we can seldom genuinely keep up with its pace unless we … and think about it over and over again. Additionally, with … people can adjust themselves to the changes, therefore possibly more new thoughts can be generated during this process and then applied to make our future life more exciting.To sum up, … is essential f or people not merely in our study but in our daily work and life as well. It is … that can help us pave a new way for individual fulfillment.模板3As we all know, we are bound to encounter kinds of challenges and hardships in this modern society, abundant opportunities as well as competition. The difference between winners and losers mainly lies in the spirit of X. Put it another way, X is a key ingredient of the modern recipe to success, either for individuals or for a nation. People in all walks of life take substantial notes of this character. Take Edison for an example. Without X, he would have given up after trying over 1000 times in finding a suitable material for the filament of the light bulb. In other words, were there no spirit of X, we would never taste the real happiness of the successful life.In my view, whatever difficulty or situation we are confronted with, those who have the spirit of X are more likely to have a high happiness index and more chances to succeed, which can hardly be possessed b y those who are absent of X. Just as the saying goes, "…."四六级英语范文21.提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance 代替Improve2.改变：Transform 代替Change3.强调：Highlight、Stress、Address 代替Emphasize4.培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture 代替Develop5.破坏：Impair、Undermine[这两个词指抽象意义上的破坏]、Jeopardize、Devastate代替Break6.保存Preserve、Conserve[保护资源用的'就是这个词]，protect这个词用在保护具体的东西代替Keep7.解决Tackle、Address、Resolve 代替Deal with8.需要Require、Necessitate、Call for 代替Need9.黏贴、附着Adhere、Cling 代替Stick10.忽略Ignore、Difference 代替Neglect11.避开Shun 代替Avoid12.普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant、Universal、Ubiquitous代替Everywhere13.好的Beneficial、Advantageous 代替Good14.有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful 代替Harmful15.富有的Wealthy、Affluent 代替Rich16.贫穷的Impoverished 代替Poor17.严重的Severe 代替Serious18.明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident 代替Obvious19.便宜的Economical、Inexpensive 代替Cheap20.重要的Crucial 、Extremely important、Significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) 代替Important21.大量的、充足的Ample、Plentiful 代替Abundant四六级英语范文31.避免口语化、简化词在写作过程中，一定要避免过度使用口语化，或者简单化的词汇。
大学英语四级阅读40篇(含答案)
大学英语四级阅读40篇(含答案)书名：《大学英语四级阅读200篇》前40篇出版社：上海交通大学出版社1/200.There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible mo nths.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,ou t long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-ter m goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add n ew short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for sever al years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in yo ur ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five year s or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal1/200答案：adcbc2/200The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression a nd lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of th e 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The nat ional output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for sp ending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five m illion dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and onl y a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture c omplained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous e cho of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and w ould eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculat ural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following w ere LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 t han in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60％b. 50％c. 33％d. 90％2/200答案：cdabc3/200Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so fe w women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the Un iversity of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rate d among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress th at was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that wo man be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work. Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and a ll academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are importan t here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system. If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 198 5b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 198 5c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the Univ ersity4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia3/200答案：ddabd4/200Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke thei r first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,i t can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic acci dents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntar y, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several impo rtant issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Secon d,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds4/200答案：bdbdb5/200The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foo ds unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illness es are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially c ancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses b ecause of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all th e time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or har mful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to be ef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treate d cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for fin ancial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a hi gher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried rep eatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to t he living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing5/200答案：cacbd6/200As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once y ou are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is h ard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is no t the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for mana gerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exp osed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the differe nce between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but ho wever little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,t hrough continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need t o find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ______ __.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"6/200答案：dadbcIn the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wante d to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of the m decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their phil osophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Color ado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Full er they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a grou p that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the Unite d States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, b ut they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijua na.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oa ks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psych ologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skin ner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, It alian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believe s that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people7/200答案：abdcb8/200There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a l ow order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individua l is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonst rated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the t wins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the t wins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster h omes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than hi s identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would ha ve tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood8/200答案：bcbcc9/200As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to cho ose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to g et to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were o n display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth doub le the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleas ed her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the pri ces were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoke d a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her par ents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Y our father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry9/200答案：dbdcd10/200If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st centur y,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for exa mple.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditio ns on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But n one of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scient ist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possi ble to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as eart h itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres a nd at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venu s.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the al ge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man c an set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will pro bably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there10/200答案：cabdd11/200What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you p refer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they sh ould know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, a s well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,t hat we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preferen ce.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at leas t as soon as you could see clearly.Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brin gs warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide a ttempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge ha d been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machin es are painted orange rather than black or grey.1."You would rather follow than red" means_______.a.you don't like to follow othersb.you would be a member rather than a leaderc.you would be afraid of following othersd.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower2.If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.a.red to yellowb.blue to orangec.red to greyd.blue to yellow3."They tell us, among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means______.a.besides other factsb.in regard to other factsc.not considering other factsd.according to other facts4.Which of the following is facts?a.People's preference of one colour to another is instinctb.People's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.c.More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were bornd.Colours have little influence on our moods5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london t o others because of _______.a.its shapeb.its structurec.its colourd.its building materials11/200答案：bcaac12/200Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite man y years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behavio ur for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a la dy was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it matter? Should you use both hands when you a re eating? Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large n umber of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is i mportant both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might m ake other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food。
大学英语四六级仔细阅读真题及参考答案
大学英语四六级仔细阅读真题及参考答案来源：文都图书英语四六级考试中，阅读和听力占的分值比较重，为了帮助同学们能够顺利通关英语四六级考试，文都图书帮助大学分享了2015年6月份大学英语四六级仔细阅读真题及参考答案，希望能够帮助备考路上的你！在此，给大家介绍一本主书，2015《大学英语四级考试真题精析与标准预测》以及2015《大学英语六级考试真题精析与标准预测》，不仅包含最新的9套真题和3套标准预测卷，涵盖诸如词汇、听力、选词填空、阅读理解、翻译、写作等，帮助考生在短时间内全方位提升同学们的英语水平。
Passage TwoQuestions 61-65 are based on the following passage.Some of the world’s most significant problems never hit headlines.One example comes from agriculture. Food riots and hunger make news. But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the world’s major crops.A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.The authors take a vast number of data points for the four most important crops: rice, wheat corn and soybeans(大豆). They find that on between 24% and 39% of all harvested areas, the improvement in yields that tood place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s.There are two worrying features of the slowdown. One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world’s most populous(人口多的) countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down or reverse.Second, yield growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soyabeans. This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods, accounting for around half of all calories consumed. Corn and soyabeans are more important as feed grains. The authors note that “we have preferentially focused our cropimprovement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis of food security in much of the world.”The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued.Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughted up for crops might be able to revert(回返)to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in yields, which may not actually happen.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
关于英语四级阅读短文
关于英语四级阅读短文大学英语四级考试是用来测试我国非英语专业大学生英语水平的大规模的考试。
店铺整理了关于英语四级阅读短文，欢迎阅读!关于英语四级阅读短文篇一According to Charles Harper, Chairman of ConAgra, the Healthy Choice line of frozen dinners began with his own heart attack. It has been brought on by years of eating anything he could get his hands on. As he lay in the hospital recovering, Harper imagined the line of healthy frozen foods that tasted good.康尼格拉集团总裁查尔斯·哈珀表示，冷冻餐的健康选择是从他的心脏病开始着手的。
多年以来，他一直都是有什么吃什么。
哈珀躺在医院里逐渐康复时，想到了好吃又健康的冷冻食物。
The Healthy Choice product line was carefully tested with consumers before being introduced to the general public. ConAgra's research and development staff spent a year working under the instruction "Whatever the cost, don't sacrifice taste." The first test market results surprised even the ConAgra team. The low-sodium, low-fat frozen dinners sold much better than expected. According to the firm's vice-president of marketing and sales, "We benefited from low expectations. The products were much better than people thought they would be."健康的选择产品线在面向公众销售前，由目标消费者进行了仔细测试。
大学英语四级阅读40篇(含答案)
大学英语四级阅读40篇(含答案)1/200.There are three kinds of goals:short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be r emembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation,out long-term goals cannot a mount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our shor t-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on thos e that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelme d.As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And a s your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future.They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of actio n.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal1/200答案：adcbc2/200The economy of the United states after1952was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employ ed people.Despit occasional alarms,the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a sta te of boom.A n economic survey of the year1955,a typical year of the1950’s,may be typical as i llustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade.The national output was value at10percent a bove that of1954(1955output was estimated at392billion dollars).The production of manufactu rers was about40percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World Wa r2.The country’s business spent about30billion dollars for new factories and machinery.Nationa l income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in1950.Co nsumers spent about256billion dollars;that is about700million dollars a day,or about twenty-fi ve million dollars every hour,all round the clock.Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a li ttle more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them.Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room.To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s. As farmer’s shre of their products declined,marketing costs rose.But there were,among the obse rvers of the national economy,a few who were not as confident as the majority.Those few seeme d to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1.What is the best title of the passage?a.The Agriculatural Trends of1950’sb.The Unemployment Rate of1950’sc.U.S.Economy in the50’sd.The Federal Budget of19522.In Line4,the word“boom”could best be replaced by______.a.nearby explosionb.thunderous noisec.general public supportd.rapid economic growth3.It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in1955vie wed the national economy with an air of_________.a.confidenceb.confusionc.disappointmentd.suspicion4.Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the1950’s?a.Economistsb.Frmaersc.Politiciansd.Steelworkers5.The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S.was greater in1955than in1950.How much was it?a.60％b.50％c.33％d.90％2/200答案：cdabc3/200Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few wome n full professors.In1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a1987update,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of availa ble administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman b e flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus,many times in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academ ia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University."Spirduso said."If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here,they are wasti ng valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage,we know that_____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in1987was greater than that of1985b.the number of women professors in the University in1987was smaller than that of1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that_____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5.The title for this passage should be_______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia3/200答案：ddabd4/200Today,as in every other day of the year,more than3000U.S.adlescents will smoke their first cig arette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults.During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these3000about23will be murdered,30will die in traffic accidents,and nearly750will b e killed by a smoking-related disease.The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outwei thts all other factors,whether voluntary or involuntary,as a cause of death.Since the late1970s,when daily smoking among high school seniors reached30precent,smokin g rates among youth have declined.While the decline is impressive,several important issues must be raised.First,in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little.Second,in the late1970s,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly10pe rcent.The statistic is reversing.Third,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts ha ve excessively high smoking rates,as much as75percent.Finally,thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no defi nite reasons for the decline exist.Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute(NCI)began its c urrent effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author,the deaths among youth are mainly caused by_____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By"dropout"the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds4/200答案：bdbdb5/200The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormo us steps in making food more fit to eat,it has,at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat.Som e research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and fort y percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon.Different cultures a re more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures.That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery.In1945,about35years ago,govern ment researchers realized that nitrates,commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food a dditivies,caused cancer.Yet,these carcinogenic additives remain in our food,and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful o r harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct.Farmers often give penicillin to beef an d living animals,and because of this,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow.Someti mes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons.The far mers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market.Althou gh the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)has tried repeatedly to control these procedures,the p ractices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living an imalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science,diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to fo od.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word'carcinogenic'most nearly means'_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing5/200答案：cacbd6/200As the pace of life continues to increase,we are fast losing the art of relaxation.Once you are in th e habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night,it is hard to slow down.But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it.In fact,it is not the bad thi ng it is often supposed to be.A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give pur pose to life.It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and il l health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.Some people ar e not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibiliti es.Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties.When exposed to stress,in whatever f orm,we react both chemically and physically.In fact we make choice between"fight"or"flight"a nd in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death.The crises we mee t today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response.It i s when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endang ered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with s tress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer,the most important character for a good manager is his________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph3,"such a reaction"refers back to_______.a."making a choice between'flight'or'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so"refers to______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"6/200答案：dadbcIn the1960s,many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society.They wanted to en d the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S.epual.Some of them decided to"drop out"of American society and form their own societies.They formed utopian communities,whic h they called"communes,"where they could follow their philosophy of"do your own thing."A gr oup of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called"Drop City."Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old ca rs.Other groups,such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters,the followers fo San Francisco poe t Steve Gakin,and a group that called itself the Hog Farm,lived in old school huses and traveled a round the United States.The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstoc k Rock Festival in1969.Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee,but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of"do you own thing,"however.Twin Oaks,a co mmune founded in Virgiania in the late1960s,was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's"conditioning"techniq ues to do things that were good for the community.In1972,Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti,a utopian city Arizsona where2500people will live closely together in one large building called an"archology"Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to"drop out"of scoiety during the1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on?a.The philosophy of"do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an"archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people7/200答案：abdcb8/200There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence.The first is the sort of brain he is born with.Human brains differ considerably,some being more capable than others.But no mat ter how good a brain he has to begin with,an individual will have a low order of intelligence unles s he has opportunities to learn.So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared.If an individual is handicapped envionmentally,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capab le.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated b y the case history of the identical twins,Peter and Mark X.Being identical,the twins had identical brains at birth,and their growth processes were the same.When the twins were three months old, their parents died,and they were placed in separate foster homes.Peter was reated by parents of l ow intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inth e home of well-to-do parents who had been to college.He was read to as a child,sent to good sch ools,and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference cont inued until the twins were in their late teens,when they were giben tesets to measure their intellige nce.Mark's I.Q.was125,twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.Given equal opportunities,the twins,having identical brains,would hav e tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that_____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced.persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage,the average I.Q.is_____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that_______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood8/200答案：bcbcc9/200As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a sui table Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother,who w as always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience:people trod on your t oes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahe ad of you.Partly to have a rest,Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk,"the assistant assured her,trying to tempt her."Worth double the price."But e dit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance,stopped where a small crowd of man had gath ered round a counter.She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reas onable.Edith did not hesitate for long:although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally,she k new that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag,her parents wer e already at the supper table.Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood,"Your father has at l ast to decided to stop smoking."She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father_______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry9/200答案：dbdcd10/200If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate,there will eventually not be eno ugh resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the21st century,if present trends c ontinue,we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for l us to look for open space somewhere else.But none of the other planets in our solar system are ca pable of supporting life at present.One possible solution to the problem,however,has recently bee n suggested by American scientist,Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to ch ange the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself.The difficul t is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done,the algae will be placed in small rockets.Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere.In a fairly short time,the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work,the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set fo ot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain.The surface of the planet will stil l be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run,the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because_____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5.Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there10/200答案：cabdd11/200What is your favourite colour?Do you like yellow,orange,red?If you do,you must be an optimi st,a leader,an active person who enjoys life,people and excitement.Do you prefer greys and blue s?Then you are probably quiet,shy,and you would rather follow than lead.You tend to be a pessi mist.At least,this is what psychologists tell us,and they should know,because they have been seri ously studying the meaning of colours preference,as well as the effect that colours have on human beings.They tells us,among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown,you did so,as soon as you opened your eyes,or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it.A yellow room makes most people f eel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one;and a red dress brings warmth and chee r to the saddest winter day.On the other hand,black is depressing.A black bridge over the Thame s River,near London,used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area----u ntil it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply;perhaps it wo uld have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active.It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted ora nge rather than black or grey.1."You would rather follow than red"means_______.a.you don't like to follow othersb.you would be a member rather than a leaderc.you would be afraid of following othersd.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower2.If one enjoys life,one is sure to prefer________.a.red to yellowb.blue to orangec.red to greyd.blue to yellow3."They tell us,among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up.""Am ong other facts"means______.a.besides other factsb.in regard to other factsc.not considering other factsd.according to other facts4.Which of the following is facts?a.People's preference of one colour to another is instinctb.People's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.c.More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were bornd.Colours have little influence on our moods5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to others because of_______.a.its shape。
英语四级阅读文章
英语四级阅读文章The Benefits of Reading for English Four-Level StudentsReading is an essential skill for English four-level students, and it offers numerous benefits that can greatly enhance their language learning experience. Whether it's reading textbooks, novels, or news articles, the act of reading can improve vocabulary, grammar, and comprehension skills, ultimately leading to better academic performance and overall language proficiency. In this article, we will explore the various benefits of reading for English four-level students and provide tips for incorporating more reading into their daily routines.One of the most obvious benefits of reading for English four-level students is the expansion of vocabulary. When students read extensively, they are exposed to a wide range of words and phrases in context, which helps them understand their meanings and usage more effectively than simply memorizing lists of vocabulary. Additionally,through reading, students can encounter words that they may not have come across in their regular language studies, thereby enriching their language repertoire and making them more proficient in English.Moreover, reading can also improve grammar and sentence structure. By reading well-written texts, students can internalize correct grammar usage and sentence patterns, which they can then apply to their own writing and speaking. Exposure to grammatically correct language through reading helps students develop a natural feel for the language and reduces the likelihood of making grammatical errors intheir own communication.In addition to vocabulary and grammar, reading also enhances comprehension skills. As students engage with various types of texts, they learn to infer meaning,identify main ideas, and make connections between different pieces of information. These skills are essential for understanding complex texts and are crucial for success in academic settings where students are required to read and comprehend a wide range of materials.Furthermore, reading provides exposure to different writing styles and genres, which can broaden students' cultural and literary knowledge. By reading literature from different time periods and cultures, students can gain insights into the values, beliefs, and experiences ofpeople from diverse backgrounds. This exposure not only fosters empathy and understanding but also helps students develop a more nuanced understanding of the English language and its varied applications.To maximize the benefits of reading, English four-level students should make a conscious effort to incorporate reading into their daily routines. This can be achieved by setting aside dedicated time for reading each day, whetherit's in the form of a few minutes before bed or during a commute. Additionally, students should choose reading materials that are both interesting and challenging to them, as this will keep them engaged and motivated to continue reading.In conclusion, the benefits of reading for Englishfour-level students are numerous and far-reaching. From vocabulary expansion to improved grammar and comprehension skills, reading plays a crucial role in enhancing language learning. By making reading a regular part of their routines and choosing materials that are both enjoyable and challenging, students can reap the rewards of improved language proficiency and a deeper understanding of the English language and its cultural significance.。
全国英语等级四级考试阅读材料
全国英语等级四级考试阅读材料全国英语等级四级考试精选阅读材料钢是在烈火和急剧冷却里锻炼出来的，所以才能坚硬和什么也不怕。
我们的.一代也是这样的在斗争中和可怕的考验中锻炼出来的，学习了不在生活面前屈服。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的全国英语等级四级考试精选阅读材料，希望能给大家带来帮助!part 1Our son Owen was born just as Hurricane Katrina approached the Gulf Coast.Two days later, as Katrina neared landfall, Owen began suffering seizures; he'd had a stroke.I didn't follow the catastrophe on the Gulf Coast as closely as I might have,but those weeks taught me some things about catastrophe and about the kindness of strangers.All catastrophes are personal.Some in the Gulf Coast sought survival; some sought to help others.Some prayed; some prayed upon others.At the hospital, we watched our son Owen sleep.Despite the tubes dripping and the monitors beeping, he still slept his baby sleep.My wife asked for the pastor; I asked for the doctor.She prayed for him. I held the CAT scan up to the light and searched for answers.No one can know what you will feel or fear in a time of need, but I learned that in this, the most difficult time of my life, the people our family depended upon most were people we had never met,people who we would likely never see again—strangers.We depended upon strangers, strangers who knew their duty was to help others.We depended upon the nurses who cared so well for our son, who cooed to him and caressed him, who watched me hold him through the nightand never seemed to notice how ugly a man is when he cries.We depended upon the hostel that gave us a place to stay near the hospital,upon the members of my union who believe caring for our child's health should not ruin us,upon the doctors and clerks and ambulance drivers.We depended upon a commitment made to helping others.This commitment is a web that holds us together in times of need.By the time we took Owen home, the worst effects of Katrina were evident.I watched the images from the Gulf Coast, images of communities,lives and families whose fabric had been torn apart.I thought of that web of strangers that had embraced my family in our time of need,and that it is the most fortunate among us who are served best by it.I can only hope this web will be strong enough, that it will be spun wide,that it will hold and care for many,that we can all depend upon the kindness of strangers. part 2I'm 16. The other night while I was busy thinking aboutimportant social issues,like what to do over the weekend, I overheard my parents talking about my future.My dad was upset—not the usual stuff that he and Mom worry about,like which college I'm going to, how far away it is from home and how much it's going to cost.Instead, he was upset about the world his generation is turning over to mine.He sounded like this: "There will be a pandemic that kills millions,a devastating energy crisis, a horrible worldwide depression and a nuclear explosion set off in anger."As I lay on the living room couch, starting to worry about the future my father was describing,I found myself looking at some old family photos.There was a picture of my grandfather in his uniform.He was a member of the war class.Next to his picture were photos of my great-grandparents.Seeing those pictures made me feel a lot better.I believe tomorrow will be better, not worse.Those pictures helped me understand why.I considered some of the awful things my grandparents and great-grandparents had seen in their lifetimes:two world wars, killer flu, a nuclear bomb.But they saw other things, too, better things:the end of two world wars, the polio vaccine, passage of the civil rights laws.I believe that my generation will see better things, too—that we will witness the time when AIDS is cured andcancer is defeated;when the Middle East will find peace, and the Cubs win the World Series—probably only once.I will see things as inconceivable to me today as a moon shot was to my grandfatherwhen he was 16, or the Internet to my father when he was 16.Ever since I was a little kid, whenever I've had a lousy day,my dad would put his arm around me and promise me that "tomorrow will be a better day."I challenged my father once, "How do you know that?"He said, "I just do." I believed him.As I listened to my Dad talking that night,so worried about what the future holds for me and my generation,I wanted to put my arm around him, and tell him what he always told me:"Don't worry Dad, tomorrow will be a better day."【全国英语等级四级考试精选阅读材料】。
大学英语四六级阅读 五篇7
大学英语四六级阅读青少年犯罪图片Teenage boys, regardless of race,are more likely to die from gunshot wounds than from all natural causes combined.By the time the average American child leaves primary school, he or she will witness 8,000 murders and more than 100,000 acts of violence on television.Youth are becoming involved in violence at an alarming rate. In fact, the young arrest rate for murder doubled, from 6 arrests per 100,000 youth aged from 10 to 17 to over 12 per 100,000.The American Psychological Association Commission on Violence and Youth reported on a study of first and second graders in Washington DC:45% said they had witnessed muggings (行凶抢劫),31 % said they had witnessed shootings, and 39% said they had seen dead bodies.For the many youth who have not been directly exposed to violence in their own communities, the entertainment media (television, movies, music and video games) provides many opportunities for children to see and hear violent exchanges. Research shows that there are about 5-6 violent acts per hour on prime time and 20-25 violent acts on Saturday morning children’s programming. In its report, the American Psychological Association (APA) reported that viewing violence on television hurts children in many ways. In particular, the APA concludes that children may become less sensitive to the pain and suffering of others,be more fearful of the world around them,be more likely to behave in aggressive or harmful ways toward others, and gradually accept violence as a way to solve problems. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry also cautions that children may imitate the violence they observe on television.Another form of violence involving youth is physical punishment in the schools. This form of discipline still remains legally supported in 23 nations in America. The Office for Civil Rights in the Department of Education reported that555，000 students were physically punished in the schools during this school year. Although such punishment has been regarded as an effective method of discipline by those who apply it, the findings are obvious that physical punishment does not work and that children who are victims of physical punishment are subject to potential long-term physical and emotional damage.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.According to the passage, the American teenage boys，lives are most threatened by ______A.gun murdersB.natural diseases violenceD. physical punishment2.The author tends to use the fourth paragraph to support the idea that _____A.many youth have watched much violence on TVB.youth violence in Washington D.C.is very seriousC.fights may be the most widely-seen youth violenceD.American youth have been exposed to much violence3.The APA indicates that too much TV violence may change children ______A.to become separated from the worldB.to remain indifferent to others’ painC.to solve problems only by violenceD.to be fearful of aggressive behaviors4.The passage does NOT discus that many youth become victim of ______A.murdersB.family violenceC. TV violenceD.school violence5.The author may most probably agree that physical punishment is _________A. acceptable, though ineffectiveB. illegal，though effectiveC. harmful, though legalD. reasonable, though illegal1.[A] 事实细节题。
英语等级四级考试阅读辅导材料
英语等级四级考试阅读辅导材料英语等级四级考试阅读辅导材料Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语等级四级考试阅读辅导材料，希望能给大家带来帮助!passage1. It is cliché, but it is the key to the New Economy.cliché n.陈词滥调e.g. It is a bit of a cliché, but you mean everything to me.虽然说了好多遍了,我还是要说,你是我的一切.Don’t give me the cliché again.别再提老一套了.key n.关键e.g. the key/answer to the questionthe key to the doorthe entrance to the cave/theaterthe heir to the thronethe solution to the problemHis investigation into the matter is the key to solving the problem.2. tangible adj.可触摸的,可见的 --- intangiblee.g. tangible assets 有形资产Sculpture is a tangible art form.雕塑是一种可见的艺术形式。
3.collapse v &n 倒塌,崩溃e.g. The economy of the country is on the verge of collapse.该国的经济就要崩溃了.The building collapsed during the air raid.这座建筑物在空袭中倒塌了.He went home after the hard work for a whole day, collapsed.一天的`辛劳之后,他回到家里筋疲力尽.4. boost v. 促进,提升e.g. The vacation during the May Day has greatly boosted domestic economy.五一假期极大的拉动了国内经济增长.These changes will help to boost the share prices.这些变化将有助于提高股票价格.Internet boosts the involvement of parents into the study of their children.5. Geography often plays a key role in determining who competed with whom.play a…role in: take a … part in 扮演…的角色, 起…的作用e.g. He plays the key/main role in the play. 他在该剧中扮演主角.His father plays a central role in his family.He played an important role in reaching the agreement between the two sides.双方达成一致,他起了很关键的作用.6. Instant interactivity is critical …e.g. instant noodle/ coffee/success*instantly,directly, immediately,the instance可以起连词的作用,相当与 as soon as.e.g. I send you the news instantly/the instant I got it.I will call you the instant I arrive in Beijing.7. adoption n. 采纳,接受adopt a child 收养孩子adapt oneself to 适应e.g. He found it difficult to adapt to the city life.You have to adapt to the life in college as soon as possible.8. lead to 指引,导致e.g. All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
英语四级阅读理解材料
英语四级阅读理解材料Here's a sample of a reading comprehension passage for English proficiency level four that adheres to the requirements you've mentioned:"I was just at the mall, and I swear the crowds were crazy! People were pushing and shoving, trying to get to the best deals. I mean, I know it's the holiday season, but come on, people! Can't we all just be a bit more patient?""The weather today was absolutely gorgeous! The sun was shining, and there was a slight breeze. I sat in the park for hours, just soaking up the rays. It was the perfect day for a picnic or a walk in the nature.""I was reading this new book last night, and I couldn't put it down! The plot was so interesting, and the characters were so vivid. I'm already looking forward to the next chapter. It's definitely a must-read for anyone who loves a good thriller.""Yesterday, I tried this new recipe for homemade pizza. The dough was perfect, and the toppings were so fresh. My family devoured it in no time! I think I'll be making this again soon. It's definitely a keeper.""I went to the movie theater with my friends last weekend, and we saw this amazing sci-fi film. The special effects were mind-blowing, and the story kept us on the edge of our seats.。
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如今金融危机席卷全球，市场运作犹未成功的NBA也未能躲过它的侵袭。
一向财大气粗，吃喝不愁的湖人也倍感无奈，光圣诞大战的门票收入就让人大跌眼镜。
在这关键时刻，大为斯特恩明确表示，球员的年薪要削减，这也许会引发球员新的一轮的劳资纠纷？NBA曾经发生过一场类似海啸般的经济纠纷，这就是NBA９８-９９劳资纠纷，他持续时间久，作用力强，影响深远。
飞人乔丹在爵士主场完成最后的绝杀预示着一个时代的谢幕，NBA离开了乔丹时代，联盟面临着各方面新的危机，没想到这一天竟来得如此之快。
媒体和球迷陷入了深深的感伤，大叹NBA后乔丹时代没有鲜亮的暗淡，在这种背景下一些自诩乔丹接班人的呼声一浪高过一浪，其实在现在我们看来那些球员只是拥有一些华而不实的招牌动作而没有真实的水准，从１９９９年的水货状元奥拉沃坎迪，再到２０００年整个的破铜烂铁一代都可见一斑。
此类球员进入联盟后大侃与之匹配的薪水标准，老板的过于怂恿也在某种程度上助长了球员们的贪欲。
１９９８年加内特签得６年１.２６亿的合同，垂涎三尺的球员们继而点燃了导火索。
敏锐的斯特恩感觉到了这一切，决定抑制联盟不断上涨的薪金总额势头，可是似乎一种可怕的阴霾笼罩他的心头。
他说道，NBA球员的薪水已经高于一般国民甚多，球员们不能要求太高！同时他处于多方面考虑拒绝高中球员进入联盟，这一切的提议引起了当时以尤因为首的球员工会的强烈不满，他们拒绝在合同上签字，并且组织罢工，继而球员们纷纷响应。
其实NBA劳资洽谈每七年一次，每年都有不同程度的纠纷，只不过这一次达到了总的爆发！随着各方开始拉锯，球队高层，球员，ＮＢＡ总部都在各自寻求新的突破。
其中NBA具有最重要的决策权，联盟总裁斯特恩苦于奔波，双鬓间白发疯长成了那段不堪岁月的注脚。
起初NBA罢工后宣布取消常规赛，关闭训练营，停办全明星，但在球员们执意抗衡的情况下，双方在一定程度上达成了协议，NBA提高了工资帽，到191天后达成了300多页的协议，204天后恢复比赛。
通过这次纠纷，球员们得到了更少比赛的赛季而获得了更多的年薪，无明星赛的赛季显然大打折扣，球迷热情不足，就连也对马刺的意外夺冠不以为然。
NBA在此赛季损失１０亿美元，不过大的历史变革后就会出现新的时代格局，在此之后，NBA产生了超级球员，轰轰烈烈的造星运动拉开了新的一幕，最大上限和最低下限的出台扭转了球员薪水的过大差距，从而深层次的缓解了矛盾，新的细则的出台则为NBA这个帝国注入了活力，NBA从此以全新的姿态进入新世纪。
这次变革本质上无非是市场经济下供求双方矛盾的集中体现，而此次金融危机也许会持续很长一段时间，犹太世家出身的斯特恩的手笔在我写《NBA帝国的崛起》时就已经描述过了，相信NBA会更快脱离它带给我们的阴影。
NBA: November games fall to lockoutHopes of a full 2011-12 NBA season evaporated after the lockout claimed two more weeks of games.NBA commissioner David Stern told a news conference:"Our games are cancelled through the end of the month of November."It's not practical, possible or prudent to have a full season now."We held out that joint hope together but, in light of the breakdown of talks, there will not be a full NBA season under any circumstances."Even though some progress has been made in deciding a split of income between the owners and players, both parties have failed to arrive at an agreement thus far.The players reduced their demand from 57 percent (of the income) to 52.5 percent last week and then agreed to further reduce it to 52 percent, but the owners have stayed firm at a 50-50 split."Today [Friday] wasn't the day to try and close this out," NBA Players Association president Derek Fisher, who plays for the Los Angeles Lakers, told reporters in the hotel lobby.Billy Hunter, the executive director of the players' union, said: "We made a lot of concessions but this time, unfortunately, it's not enough.""Until this afternoon [Friday], we've had a pretty good several days of give-and-take," Stern said."A lot of things were re-affirmed, a lot of concessions went back and forth. We made some major progress on length of contract."And then we turned to the subject of how to divide basketball-related income (BRI). I summarised the positions ... and said that the NBA owners were willing to go to 50 percent on their percentage split of BRI, in effect a 50-50 split."Billy Hunter said that he was not willing to go a penny below 52, that he had been getting many calls from agents and he closed up his book and walked out of the room. And that's where we are."On his part, Hunter said: "Derek and I made it clear that we could not take the 50-50 deal to our membership, not with all the concessions that we granted."We said we got to have some dollars."And so you get there, and then all of a sudden they say, Well, we also have to have our number'. And you say, 'Well wait a minute, you're not negotiating in good faith'."The financial problems surrounding the NBA have been well documented, with owners claiming the league lost a combined total of $300 million last season. That forced them into asking players to reduce their share of the income from 57 percent to 47 percent which was later upped to 50 percent.And that is where the issue stands without any further talks scheduled.NEW YORK (AP) -- NBA players have until Wednesday to accept Commissioner David Stern's latest offer, though the response already seems obvious."Right now, we've been given the ultimatum, and our answer is that's not acceptable to us," union president Derek Fisher said.But the next proposal promises to be worse, surely moving players and owners even further apart and threatening to destroy the season.Early Sunday morning, the league said it offered players up to 51 percent of basketball-related income - a figure the union insists is fiction. Regardless, it will drop to 47 percent Wednesday if players don't accept the current offer by the league-imposed deadline.No agreement by the deadline likely will trigger more calls to disband the union and take on the league in court, a battle that would take months.Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/11/05/labor.talks.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6 NG3kay"It's fair to say that there are some who believe a vote to decertify is a vote to end the season," said a person familiar with the owners' thinking who spoke to The Associated Press on the condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the talks. "The owners are hopeful that the players have a chance to vote on what is on the table, what's proposed now, because no one knows what happens next."Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/11/05/labor.talks.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6 NluXmDPlayers don't seem eager to act quickly."These are professional basketball players, the finest athletes in the world. How do you think they feel about threats? How do you think they feel about efforts at intimidation?" attorney Jeffrey Kessler said.Fisher and Kessler said the league's time-sensitive deal - Stern refused to call it an ultimatum - came near the conclusion of Saturday's talks.At a charity basketball game in Portland, Ore., on Sunday night, Kevin Durant expressed frustration with the stalemate."Sickening, man, just sickening," the Oklahoma City star said. "Us, as players, we sacrificed, we gave up money, we did what we had to do, now it's up to the owners, and it looks like they're not going to give in. At this point now, it's starting to get bad, because we've done all we can do, I think. They're trying to pressure us and back us in a corner. If they're going to do that, it's not fair. We're going to stand firm."The sides had hoped they could complete a deal this weekend with the help of federal mediator George Cohen. He released a statement Sunday commending the parties for "their willingness to examine solutions to their current dispute" and offering to assist in the future.Although the revenue gap has narrowed, the sides are at a standstill on the system issues players insist are just as important.The union believes the league's proposals to increase luxury tax penalties, and eliminate or reduce some spending options, essentially would prevent the biggest-spending teams from being free agent options. A "repeater tax" would further punish teams that were taxpayers a fourth time in a five-year span, and players fear the penalty that awaits teams who receive money from the tax pool but suddenly take on salary and go into the tax would discourage spending."The big story here is they want it all," Kessler said. "They want the system where taxpayers will never be in the marketplace, and that for repeat taxpayers it's going to be like a hard salary cap. And those deals are not acceptable for players today; it's not acceptable for future generations of players. I said, this is an example of they want a win, win, win, win. We wanted to compromise. They're not giving the players a lot of choice."Though each side claimed credit for economic moves, it appears there was little to no progress. Stern said the league proposed a band where players could earn anywhere from 49 percent to 51 percent of BRI, based on revenue growth. Union officials said there was almost no way they could get to the ceiling, leaving them right at the 50-50 split owners have said they wouldn't go past. Players added they were the ones who were willing to reduce their guarantee down to 51 percent, with 1 percent of that going into a fund for retired player benefits, a move one person familiar with their thinking said was made in hopes of "preserving some of a system that's already being gutted."Stern said he believed he could get owners to pass the current proposal, even though somehard-liners would prefer a 53-47 split in their favor immediately. That would be in the next proposal, along with a call for a flex salary cap, which players rejected in June before the lockout began.But Stern said they're ready to go with the one that was put on the table Sunday."Well, they certainly would come closer than our current system," he said. "They're, I think, the best we could do at this time. So we're prepared to live by them if they're accepted by the players." With the union unwilling to take the latest proposal to its members for a vote, both sides also must be prepared to live with the real possibility of the loss of more games and possibly the season. Copyright 2011 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/11/05/labor.talks.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6 NuVo13Before the 2011 lockout, the NBA had gone 13 years without a work stoppage. The last stalemate spanned 191 days and one David Stern beard. The league and the players' union finally reached an agreement on a new collective bargaining agreement in January 1999, two months after the normal start of the regular season. Here is a look back at some of the memorable (and dubious) moments before, duringand after the standoff.NBA lockout hits some cities hard CLEVELAND (AP) -- Across the street from Quicken Loans Arena, a building that rocks and rolls from November until April as home to the Cavaliers, reality is posted on a wall.Harry Buffalo is one of the downtown restaurants in Cleveland that counts heavily on thebeer-drinking, burger-devouring NBA crowd to keep its doors open. Operations manager John Adams has taped an internet report outside the kitchen for his waitresses, bartenders and cooks to read.With yellow highlighter, he's shaded the grim news of the NBA labor impasse for his employees, some of whom may soon lose their jobs if there's no deal.This is where the lockout hits home, and hits hardest."It's rough," Adams said, glancing toward The Q. "I've got three single moms on my wait staff and two single dads in the kitchen. I've got their 11 children to think about. It's painful when it's out of my control, when I have to put the business first and say I can't have 15 servers on staff because we don't have the businessRead more:/2011/basketball/nba/10/06/lockout.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6TbjV BTSure, players are temporarily out of work and will have to find ways to maintain their skills. But Kobe Bryant has the luxury of potentially signing with an Italian team to do that, earning a big salary until the labor unrest settles.Others aren't as fortunate.Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/10/06/lockout.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6U2J RHyIt's rough," Adams said, glancing toward The Q. "I've got three single moms on my wait staff and two single dads in the kitchen. I've got their 11 children to think about. It's painful when it's out of my control, when I have to put the business first and say I can't have 15 servers on staff because we don't have the business."This week, the NBA canceled its preseason. On Monday, Commissioner David Stern may wipe out the first two weeks of the regular season if his millionaire players and even wealthier owners can't agree on how to split revenue and cap salaries.Sure, players are temporarily out of work and will have to find ways to maintain their skills. But Kobe Bryant has the luxury of potentially signing with an Italian team to do that, earning a big salary until the labor unrest settles.Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/10/06/lockout.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6VH9 YX5The loss of one game, let alone 10 or maybe all 82, will have a devastating impact on workers with jobs dependent on pro basketball's six-month-plus season. A few teams have already trimmed their staffs and more layoffs could be forthcoming if the discussions drag on. Then there are those who don't work directly for an NBA team but who still depend on the excitement the league brings to town.Ushers, security personnel, parking lot attendants, concession workers, restaurant employees and others all stand to have their hours cut or join the country's 14 million unemployed."Yeah, financially, I'm worried," said waitress Jeannette Lauersdorf, a single mother of two, who on a quiet Wednesday afternoon is serving six guests at three tables inside Harry Buffalo. On a night the Cavs are playing, the place has a 30-minute wait for a table. "We've got bills to pay." Nerves, already frayed in a depressed economy, are unraveling.As it was during the NFL's labor dispute, certain cities around the league will bear more of a burden than others until the NBA gets bouncing again. Markets like Orlando, Memphis, Salt Lake City and Portland, with no other income being generated by a major professional sports franchise, could be facing a long winter.At this point, there's no telling how long the lockout will last, but NBA deputy commissioner Adam Silver projected losses if the season's opening two weeks are canceled in "the millions of dollars." "We've spent a lot of time with our teams walking through those scenarios of lost games," Silver said. "The damage is enormous, will be enormous."Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/10/06/lockout.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6W46 44KWhile Cleveland may be undergoing a minor renaissance with new construction, including a downtown casino being built by a group headed by Cavs owner Dan Gilbert, unemploymentremains high. There's a thriving one-block strip of East Fourth Street, where upscale eateries lure guests no matter the time of year.But closer to the Q, some bars and restaurants are still recovering from the financial aftershock caused by superstar LeBron James leaving.When James was with the Cavs, the Gateway District crawled with fans, some of whom bought season tickets in 2009 for last season - under the assumption their favorite player would stay in Cleveland. But now that he's in Miami, and the Cavs are no longer a title contender, fans aren't flocking downtown."Even if there is a season, I think we're going to take a hit," said Caitlin Cassidy, manager at Harry Buffalo. "People love the Cavs, but they love the Cavs more when they're winning. Even last year, people who had season tickets didn't come all the time. Cleveland fans are a special breed. They come down and watch the Cavs and drink beer and hang out, but it's definitely not been the same without LeBron."Memphis could experience a similar dropoff if the lockout deepens.Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/10/06/lockout.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6XI61y6A young team on the upswing, the Grizzlies captivated the city last spring with its playoff run. Fans poured out of sold-out FedEx Forum and into the Beale Street entertainment area to toast each postseason win, and there's hope similar celebrations will take place this April, May - and maybe into June.The team reports season-ticket sales are up. But tickets have no value without a season."We have a franchise we feel is locked and loaded to be very competitive for the next four, five, six years barring injuries," said Kevin Kane, president and CEO of the Memphis Convention and Visitors Bureau. "We've got a product the city's really excited about, the city's engaged with." Orlando's situation is different.In February, the Magic are slated to host NBA All-Star Weekend, an international event projected to bring $100 million to the city. But the lockout's uncertain endgame is delaying plans from being finalized, and already local businesses are scrambling to help offset losses if more games are canceled at year-old Amway Arena.Owners of upscale Draft Global Beer Lounge and Grill, which opened across from Amway in March, fear it could be a tough season ahead."The economic impact would be detrimental," co-owner Willie Fisher said. "This location is one of the main reasons we chose this location."During the winter, Utah fans eat up the Jazz and Crown Burgers.Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/10/06/lockout.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6XTR edXFrom the parking lot of his restaurant, Mike Katsanevas can see the edge of EnergySolutions Arena, home of the Jazz. Katsanevas, whose family has been selling burgers, including one crowned withpastrami, for three decades, estimates a lost NBA season would offset his business by 25 to 30 percent - and not just this season.Katsanevas predicts fans won't renew their season tickets.He survived the last work stoppage in 1999, but times are different."People were upset and had a right to be. Everybody needs to be paid for their jobs," he said. "But how much money do you need to make? Let's be honest here. Everybody else is suffering (in this economy). I don't want to bad-mouth players or the owners, but how much money do these guys really need to keep making?"Cassidy said while the vibe around Harry Buffalo's staff is upbeat and hopeful that the lockout will be lifted, several employees are making plans just in case. A few of her waitresses have picked up shifts elsewhere, and she's being honest with any new applicants who come through the door.In days and weeks ahead, the staff may shrink."It's scary for us, too," she said. "Because who is going to want to work here if there's no customers?I always tell applicants that the good times always make up for the bad times. Now, there may not be any good times."Read more:/2011/basketball/nba/10/06/lockout.ap/index.html#ixzz1d6Xua rRHIt’s a 13-year old statement that now is lingering around the greatest player in NBA history, one that has highlighted his role ashypocrite-in-chief during the labor talks that have dragged on for more than four months. Back in October 1998, with the NBA in a lockout, Michael Jordan—still a player and a member of the union—heard Washington owner Abe Pollin complain about losing money and responded, “If you can't make a profit, you should sell your team.”That taunt has been frequently cited lately, as Jordan—now on the other side of the table as owner of the Bobcats—has emerged as a villain of this lockout, one of the hardline owners who stand as the biggest obstacles to a deal that would end the labor stalemate. Jordan can’t make a profit in Charlotte, and now, union executive director Billy Hunter says, “I would give him the advice that he gave to Abe Pollin, OK? That is the advice I would give him. He should take his own advice.”Indeed, he should, because if one thing came out of the four-and-a-half hour meeting held by 43 members of the union—including 29 of the 30 team representatives—it is this: By going to a 50-50 split of league revenues, down from the 57-43 split the players used to enjoy, the union feels it has given up enough to allow cry-poor owners like Jordan to be profitable. Now they want some concessions from the league on system issues.And they ought to get them. The league and union will likely hold one more meeting before Wednesday’s close-of-business deadline. The league needs to come in with its compromise hat on.What we saw on Tuesday was some reinvigoration of the union after a distressing and confusing few days. They’re ready to call the bluff of owners like Jordan, who will have to decide whether to make some fair and reasonable concessions to the union or set the entire season—games through Christmas could be canceled next—ablaze.Entering the day, Hunter and union president Derek Fisher were not quite sure what to expect from the meeting. The league had made its 50-50 offer over the weekend, with modest compromises on some system issues, and commissioner David Stern said the union had until the close of business on Wednesday to accept it—or else the league would retrench to a harsher 47 percent offer that would include contract rollbacks. Many players were calling for the 50-50 offer to be put to a vote, and the consensus seemed to be that it had a chance at passing. If the league was trying to intimidate players into taking the deal, it seemed to be working.Read more: /nba/story/2011-11-08/owners-like-jordan-stand-in-way-of-labor-resol ution#ixzz1dBsxVDXsBut once in the meeting, the gathered players were given a view of exactly how much they were giving up. They were not happy. Already, by dropping their BRI take from 57 to 50 percent, players would be transferring more than $200 million to owners per year—that figures to be at least $2 billion over the course of the deal, and that’s without factoring in projected growth (which could push the number to more than $3 billion). If the league is claiming drastic financial losses, the players have certainly done enough to address those concerns.What players were shown in the meeting was the extent to which the system would be altered—that teams going over the luxury tax threshold would be punished heavily financially, that they would not be able to conduct sign-and-trade deals, that they would have limited ability to use a midlevel exception. They emerged fully aware that they had already lost badly on the economics of this de al but determined to call the owners’ bluff on system issues. The NBA insists it needs system changes to ensure better competitive balance, but the union is asserting it has made enough concessions to improve that balance.Players want to have the choice to join teams that are willing to spend. Either way, the league will be getting more competitive balance, it’s just a matter of how much more. If this is to be a 50-50 deal, the intricacies of the system matter only in terms of how much freedom players have when they become free agents. Players are going to get the same aggregate salary no matter what.“Keep in mind, the percentages that we’re talking about here, the reduction in BRI for players, are unprecedented,” Fisher said. “We’ve, by far, made the move we needed to make on the economics to put our teams in much better places, to increase franchise values, to increase profitability for, if not everybody, darn close to everybody. We made compromises we needed to make on percentage points of BRI and economics. Now it is now time for the NBA to make compromises on the system within the percentage points.”NBA players should certainly be given a deal on which to vote before the league rolls back its offer to 47 percent, a threat that figures to put the rest of the season in jeopardy. Economically, the players have paved a way for owners to be more profitable, and all it will take to make this deal happen is a move from the league to give up a little on competitive balance. With a new revenue-sharing package set to be put into place, too, even the smallest markets will have a much better chance to thrive.All that stands in the way are owners like Jordan. And if he can’t make a profit with all the union has conceded to him, he should, like Hunter said, take his own advice and sell his team.CommentsRead more: /nba/story/2011-11-08/owners-like-jordan-stand-in-way-of-labor-resol ution#ixzz1dBujwFjqMany NBA players have been linked to overseas moves since the NBAlockout began. Deron Williams is the first big name to go, while Amare Stoudemire has decided to stay stateside.Three NBA players have now agreed to play in China this season and all three played for the Nuggets last season.Kenyon Martin on Wednesday became the most recent player with a Nuggets background to make the historic leap. The veteran power forward will play for Xingiang Guanghui in the Chinese Basketball Association. Martin signed the biggest contract in CBA history, according to his agent, Andy Miller."It's a great opportunity for him to stay in shape and stay fresh," Miller said. "It also gives him an opportunity to expand his name globally."It's an exciting career opportunity for Martin, an unrestricted NBA free agent. He doesn't have an "out" clause in his new contract, meaning he's not coming back to the NBA should the locked-out league play this season. The Chinese Basketball Association's regular season ends Feb. 16, but Martin's team is talented and could make a playoff run into late March.Wilson Chandler and J.R. Smith, Martin's Denver teammates last season, also will be playing in China this year. Smith has a new contract worth about $3 million, a figure Martin is believed to have surpassed. Like Martin, Smith is an unrestricted NBA free agent. Chandler is restricted.Read more: Nuggets' Kenyon Martin to sign largest contract in Chinese league's history - The Denver Post /nuggets/ci_18944651#ixzz1dBxxQhG5Read The Denver Post's Terms of Use of its content: /termsofuse。