新GRE阅读练习题(1)
gre阅读练习题
gre阅读练习题GRE阅读是考生备考中非常重要的一部分，通过练习题的训练，可以提高阅读理解能力和解题技巧。
本文将为大家提供一些GRE阅读练习题，帮助大家更好地备考。
练习题一：Passage 1:Hummingbirds are fascinating creatures that have captured the attention of many nature enthusiasts. Their ability to hover in mid-air and move with incredible speed has long been a subject of study and admiration. But how do they accomplish these incredible feats?Question 1: What is the main topic of the passage?A) The study of hummingbirdsB) The ability of hummingbirds to hover in mid-airC) The incredible speed of hummingbirdsD) The admiration of hummingbirds by nature enthusiastsQuestion 2: What is the author's overall tone in the passage?A) CuriousB) InformativeC) CriticalD) HumorousPassage 2:Climate change is a pressing global issue that requires immediate attention and action. The increasing levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have led to rising temperatures and extreme weather events. It is crucial for governments and individuals to take responsibility and adopt sustainable practices to mitigate the impacts of climate change.Question 3: What is the main topic of the passage?A) Greenhouse gases and rising temperaturesB) Sustainable practices to mitigate climate changeC) Impacts of climate change on extreme weather eventsD) Governments and individuals taking responsibility for climate changeQuestion 4: What is the author's stance on climate change?A) NeutralB) SupportiveC) CriticalD) Indifferent练习题二：Passage 1:The Industrial Revolution was a period of major industrialization that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It brought aboutsignificant changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transport, which had a profound effect on socioeconomic and cultural conditions.Question 1: When did the Industrial Revolution occur?A) Late 19th and early 20th centuriesB) Late 18th and early 19th centuriesC) Early 16th and late 17th centuriesD) Late 17th and early 18th centuriesQuestion 2: What did the Industrial Revolution bring about?A) Changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transportB) Changes in art and literatureC) Changes in political systemsD) Changes in religious beliefsPassage 2:The concept of sustainability has gained increasing importance in recent years. Sustainable development refers to a pattern of economic growth that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves balancing economic, social, and environmental factors to ensure long-term well-being.Question 3: What does sustainable development refer to?A) Balancing economic, social, and environmental factorsB) Meeting the needs of future generationsC) Compromising the ability to meet future needsD) The concept of economic growthQuestion 4: Why is sustainability important?A) It ensures long-term well-beingB) It promotes economic growthC) It meets the needs of the present generationD) It compromises the ability to meet future needs以上是两个例子，您可以根据这些例子来练习GRE阅读练习题，希望能帮助您在备考中取得好成绩。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题汇总
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题汇总新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Hydrogeology is a science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation of water on the surface of the land, in the soil and underlying rocks, and Line in the atmosphere. The term “geohydrology" is 5 sometimes erroneously used as a synonym for "hydrogeology". Geohydrology is concerned with underground water. There are many formations that contain water but are not part of the hydrologic cycle because of geologic changes that have isolated them 10 underground. These systems are properly termed geohydrologic but not hydrogeologic. Only when a system possesses natural or artificial boundaries that associate the water within it with the hydrologic cycle may the entire system properly be termed hydrogeologic. (107 words)1. It can be inferred that which of the following is most likely to be the subject of study by a geohydrologist?(A) Soft, porous rock being worn away by a waterfall(B) Water depositing minerals on the banks of a gorge through which the water runs(C) The trapping of water in a sealed underground rockcavern through the actionof an earthquake(D) Water becoming unfit to drink through the release of pollutants into it from a manufacturing plant(E) The changing course of a river channel as the action of the water wears away the rocks past which the river flows2. The author refers to "many formations" primarily in order to(A) clarify a distinction(B) introduce a subject(C) draw an analogy(D) emphasize a similarity(E) resolve a conflict答案：C/A新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Initially the Vinaver theory that Malory‘s eight romances, once thought to be fundamentally unified. were in fact eight independent works produced both a Line sense of relief and an unpleasant shock. Vinaver‘s 5 th eory comfortably explained away the apparent contradictions of chronology and made each romance independently satisfying. It was, however, disagreeableto find that what had been thought of as one book was now eight books. Part of this response was the natural 10 reaction to the disturbance of set ideas. Nevertheless, even now, after lengthy consideration of the theory‘s refined but legitimate observations, one cannot avoid the conclusion that the eight romances are only one work. It is not quite a matter of disagreeing with the 15 theory of independence, but of rejecting its implications: that the romances may be taken in any or no particular order, that they have no cumulative effect, and that they are as separate as the works of a modern novelist. (154 words)For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes which of the following about Malory‘sworks?□A There are meaningful links be tween and among the romances.□B The subtleties of the romances are obscured when they are taken as one work.□C Any contradictions in chronology among the romances are less important than their over-all unity.6. The author of the passage concedes which of the following about the Vinaver theory?(A) It gives a clearer understanding of the unity of Malory‘s romances.(B) It demonstrates the irrationality of considering Malory‘s romances to be unified.(C) It establishes acceptab le links between Malory‘s romances and modern novels.(D) It unifies earlier and later theories concerning the chronology of Malory‘s romances.(E) It makes valid and subtle comments about Malory‘s romances.7. Select the sentence in the passage that suggests that, in evaluating the Vinaver theory, some critics were initially biased by previous interpretations of Malory‘s work.答案及解析：第一题选AC做这个题首先要对文章进行剖析。
GRE考试阅读练习试题及答案
GRE考试阅读练习试题及答案练习一：阅读理解阅读材料在20世纪，科学家们对量子力学的研究揭示了一个令人惊讶的事实：微观世界的物理规律与我们在宏观世界中经验到的完全不同。
在量子世界里，粒子的行为不仅受到它们所在位置的影响，还受到观察者的影响。
这种现象最著名的例子就是“双缝实验”。
在双缝实验中，当粒子如电子通过两个并排的缝隙时，如果你不去观察它们，粒子就会表现出波动性，就像波一样穿过其中一个缝隙。
然而，如果你在实验过程中观察粒子，它们就会表现出粒子性，好像在两个缝隙之间做出了选择。
这个实验不仅挑战了我们对现实的传统理解，也揭示了观察者在量子力学中的重要地位。
这一发现对现代物理学、尤其是量子计算和量子通信等领域的研究产生了深远的影响。
练习题目1. 根据文章，量子力学研究的对象是什么？2. 双缝实验显示了量子粒子的哪种性质？3. 文章中提到的“观察者效应”对量子力学意味着什么？答案1. 量子力学研究的对象是微观世界的物理规律。
2. 双缝实验显示了量子粒子的波动性和粒子性。
3. 观察者效应意味着观察者在量子力学中扮演着重要角色，粒子的行为会受到观察者的影响。
---练习二：逻辑推理阅读材料在过去的几十年里，全球变暖已经成为一个不可忽视的问题。
科学研究表明，人类活动产生的温室气体是导致全球变暖的主要原因。
为了应对这一挑战，许多国家已经开始采取行动，比如提高能源效率，发展可再生能源，以及减少排放。
然而，全球变暖的问题并非仅靠个别国家的努力就能解决。
国际合作是解决这一全球性问题的关键。
只有通过全球合作，我们才能实现足够的减排，以防止全球温度进一步上升。
练习题目1. 全球变暖的主要原因是什么？2. 解决全球变暖问题的关键是什么？答案1. 全球变暖的主要原因是人类活动产生的温室气体。
2. 解决全球变暖问题的关键是国际合作。
---练习三：词汇理解阅读材料在现代社会，信息传播的速度和范围达到了前所未有的高度。
互联网和社交媒体的兴起使得人们可以即时地分享和获取信息。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题整理_1
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题整理新GRE阅读特殊强调规律关系，所以在我给大家整理了一下新GRE规律阅读练习题，快来学习一下吧，下面我就和大家共享，来欣赏一下吧。
新GRE规律阅读Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop. The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters a compressor 5 driven by an electric motor. The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body of air. Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts 10 a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the 15 temperature of this second body of air. (126 words)1. According to the passage, the role of the flow restriction in a heat pump is to(A) measure accurately the flow rate of the refrigerant mass at that point(B) compress and heat the refrigerant vapor(C) bring about the evaporation and cooling of refrigerant(D) exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air at that point(E) reverse the direction of refrigerant flow when needed答案：C新GRE规律阅读Eight percent of the Earth‘s crust is aluminum, and there are hundreds of aluminum-bearing minerals and vast quantities of the rocks that contain them. The best aluminum ore is bauxite, defined as aggregates of alumi- 5 nous minerals, more or less impure, in which aluminum is present as hydrated oxides. Bauxite is the richest of all those aluminous rocks that occur in large quantities, and it yields alumina, the intermediate product required for the production of aluminum. Alumina also occurs natu- 10 rally as the mineral corundum, but corundum is not found in large deposits of high purity, and therefore it is an impractical source for making aluminum. Most of the many abundant nonbauxite aluminous minerals are silicates, and, like all silicate minerals, they are 15 refractory, resistant to analysis, and extremely difficult to process. The aluminum silicates are therefore generally unsuitable alternatives to bauxite because considerably more energy is required to extract alumina from them.(153 words)4. The author implies that a mineral must either be or readily supply which of the following in order to be classified as an aluminum ore?(A) An aggregate(B) Bauxite(C) Alumina(D) Corundum(E) An aluminum silicateFor the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply5. The passage supplies information for answering all of the following questions regarding aluminous minerals□A Are aluminum-bearing nonbauxite minerals plentiful?□B Do the aluminous minerals found in bauxite contain hydrated oxides?□C Are aluminous hydrated oxides found in rocks?6. The author implies that corundum would be used to produce aluminum if(A) corundum could be found that is not contami-nated by silicates(B) the production of alumina could be eliminated as an intermediate step in manufacturing alu-minum(C) many large deposits of very high quality corun-dum were to be discovered(D) new technologies were to make it possible to convert corundum to a silicate(E) manufacturers were to realize that the world‘s supply of bauxite is not unlimited答案：C/ABC/C新GRE规律阅读Our visual perception depends on the reception of energy reflecting or radiating from that which we wish to perceive. If our eyes could receive and measure infinitely delicate sense-data, we could perceive the 5 world with infinite precision. The natural limits of our eyes have, of course, been extended by mechanical instruments; telescopes and microscopes, for example, expand our capabilities greatly. There is, however, an ultimate limit beyond which no instrument can take us; 10 this limit is imposed by our inability to receive sense- data smaller than those conveyed by an individual quantum of energy. (97 words)9. Which of the following describes a situation most analogous to the situation discussed inthe last sentence?(A) A mathematician can only solve problems the solution of which can be deduced from known axioms.(B) An animal can respond to no command that is more complicated syntactically than any it has previously received.(C) A viewer who has not learned, at least intuitively, the conventions of painting,cannot understand perspective in a drawing.(D) A sensitized film will record no detail on a scale that is smaller than the grain of the film.(E) A shadow cast on a screen by an opaque object will have a sharp edge only if the light source is small or very distant.答案：D新GRE规律阅读Of Homer‘s two epic poems, the Odyssey has always been more popular than the Iliad, perhaps because it includes more features of mythology that are accessible to readers. Its subject (to use Maynard Mack‘s 5 categories) is life-as-spectacle, for readers, diverted by its various incidents, observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without; the tragic Iliad, however, presents life-as- experience: readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles, whose motivations render him a 10 not particularlylikable hero. In addition, the Iliad, more than the Odyssey, suggests the complexity of the gods‘ involvement in human actions, and to the extent that modern readers find this complexity a needless complication, the Iliad is less satisfying than the 15 Odyssey, with its simpler ‗scheme‘ of divine justice. Finally, since the Iliad presents a historically verifiable action, Troy‘s siege, the poem raises historical questions that are absent from the Odyssey’s blithely imaginative world. (148 words)10. The author uses Mack‘s ―categories‖ (lines 4-5)most probably in order to(A) argue that the Iliad should replace the Odyssey as the more popular poem(B) indicate Mack‘s importance as a commentator on the Iliad and the Odyssey(C) suggest one way in which the Iliad and the Odyssey can be distinguished(D) point out some of the difficulties faced by readers of the Iliad and the Odyssey(E) demonstrate that the Iliad and the Odyssey can best be distinguished by comparing their respective heroes11. The passage is primarily concerned with(A) distinguishing arguments(B) applying classifications(C) initiating a debate(D) resolving a dispute(E) developing a contrast12. It can be inferred from the passage that a reader of the Iliad is likely to have trouble identifying with the poem‘s hero for which of the following reasons?(A) The hero is eventually revealed to be unheroic.(B) The hero can be observed by the reader only from without.(C) The hero‘s psychology is not historically verifiable.(D) The hero‘s emotions often do not seem appealing to the reader.(E) The hero‘s emotions are not sufficiently various to engage the reader‘s attention.答案：C/E/D。
2023年GRE英语真题及答案
2023年GRE英语真题及答案一、阅读理解阅读理解一题目：The importance of biodiversity答案：Biodiversity is crucial for maintaining ecosystem stability and providing various ecosystem services. It helps regulate climate, support pollination, and purify water.题目：Causes of biodiversity loss答案：Biodiversity loss is primarily caused by habitat destruction, pollution, overexploitation of resources, and climate change.题目：Conservation strategies答案：To mitigate biodiversity loss, conservation strategies include protecting natural habitats, implementing sustainable resource management practices, and reducing pollution.阅读理解二题目：Impacts of global warming答案：Global warming contributes to rising sea levels, more frequent extreme weather events, loss of biodiversity, and negative effects on human health.题目：Causes of global warming答案：Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes, are the main causes of global warming.题目：Mitigation measures答案：To mitigate global warming, measures include transitioning to renewable energy sources, promoting energy efficiency, and implementing policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.二、文字推理文字推理一题目：Logical argument答案：A logical argument is a series of statements or facts that lead to a valid conclusion.题目：Elements of a logical argument答案：The elements of a logical argument include premises (supporting statements), evidence (facts or data), and a conclusion (the final statement based on the premises and evidence).文字推理二题目：Cause and effect答案：Cause and effect is a relationship in which one event (the cause) brings about another event (the effect).题目：Identifying cause and effect答案：To identify cause and effect, one must analyze the sequence of events and determine the relationship between them.题目：Example of cause and effect答案：An example of cause and effect is smoking causing lung cancer.三、逻辑推理逻辑推理一题目：Deductive reasoning答案：Deductive reasoning is a logical process in which specific conclusions are drawn from general principles or premises.题目：Syllogism答案：A syllogism is a deductive argument consisting of two premises and a conclusion.逻辑推理二题目：Inductive reasoning答案：Inductive reasoning is a logical process in which general conclusions are drawn from specific observations or evidence.题目：Analogical reasoning答案：Analogical reasoning is a type of inductive reasoning that involves drawing conclusions based on similarities between two or more cases.四、写作写作一题目：The benefits of reading答案：Reading provides numerous benefits, such as expanding knowledge, improving cognitive abilities, enhancing vocabulary, and fostering empathy.题目：Ways to promote reading写作二题目：The impact of social media题目：Concerns about social media答案：Some concerns about social media include privacy issues, cyberbullying, and the influence of fake news.题目：Managing social media use答案：To manage social media use, individuals can set boundaries, critically evaluate information, and engage in responsible online behavior.。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题我和大家共享一下新GRE规律阅读练习题，快来学习一下吧，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
新GRE规律阅读练习题The belief that art originates in intuitive rather than rational faculties was worked out historically and philosophically in the somewhat wearisome volumes of Benedetto Croce, who is usually considered the originator 5 of a new aesthetic. Croce was, in fact, expressing a very old idea. Long before the Romantics stressed intuition and self-expression, the frenzy of inspiration was regarded as fundamental to art, but philosophers had always assumed it must be controlled by law and by the 10 intellectual power of putting things into harmonious order. This general philosophic concept of art was supported by technical necessities. It was necessary to master certain laws and to use intellect in order to build Gothic cathedrals, or set up the stained glass windows of 15 Chartres. When this bracing element of craftsmanship ceased to dominate artists‘ outlook, new technical elements had to be adopted to maintain the intellectual element in art. Such were linear perspective and anatomy.(156 words)6. The passage suggests that which of the following would most likely have occurred if linear perspective and anatomy had not come toinfluence artistic endeavor?(A) The craftsmanship that shaped Gothic architecture would have continued to dominate artists‘ outlooks.(B) Some other technical elements would have been adopted to discipline artistic inspiration.(C) Intellectual control over artistic inspiration would not have influenced painting as it did architecture.(D) The role of intuitive inspiration would not have remained fundamental to theories of artistic creation.(E) The assumptions of aesthetic philosophers before Croce would have been invalidated.7. Select the sentence in the passage that indicates a traditional assumption of aesthetic philosophers.8. The author mentions “linear perspective and anatomy” in the last sentence in order to do which of the following ?(A) Expand his argument to include painting as well as architecture(B) Indicate his disagreement with Croce‘s theory of the origins of art(C) Support his point that rational order of some kind has often seemed to discipline artistic inspiration(D) Explain the rational elements in Gothic painting that corresponded to craftsmanship in Gothic architecture(E) Show the increasing sophistication of artists after the Gothic period答案：6.B 7.Long before the Romantics stressed 。
GRE考试《阅读理解》练习题及答案(1)
GRE考试《阅读理解》练习题及答案(1)GRE阅读题目解析:治疗胃酸的药Columnist: Until very recently, Presorbin and Veltrex, two medications used to block excess stomach acid, were both available only with a prescription wri tten by a doctor. In an advertisement for Presorbin, its makers argue that Pres orbin is superior on the grounds that doctors have written 200 million prescrip tions for Presorbin, as compared to 100 million for Veltrex. It can be argued t hat the number of prescriptions written is never a worthwhile criterion for com paring the merits of medicines, but that the advertisement’s argument is absur d is quite adequately revealed by observing that Presorbin was available as a p rescription medicine years before Veltrex was.1. In the columnist’s argument, the two highlighted portions play which of the following roles?A. The first is a claim that the columnist’s argument seeks to clarify; th e second states a conclusion drawn about one possible interpretation of that cl aim.B. The first identifies the conclusion of an argument that the columnist’s argument is directed against; the second states the main conclusion of the col umnist’s argument.C. The first states the main conclusion of the columnist’s argument; the s econd states a conclusion that the columnist draws in defending that conclusion against an objection.D. The first identifies an assumption made in an argument that the columnis t's argument is directed against; the second states the main conclusion of the columnist’s argument.E. The first is a claim that has been offered as evidence to support a posi tion that the columnist opposes; the second states the main conclusion of the c olumnist’s argument.1Columnist: Until very recently, Presorbin and Veltrex, two medications used to block excess stomach acid, were both available only with a prescription wri tten by a doctor.专栏作者：直到最近，P 和 V，两种治疗胃酸过多的药，都是处方药。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题精选整理
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题精选整理逻辑要点在解GRE阅读是是关键，所以大家要多写一些新GRE逻辑阅读练习题，快来一起学习吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Ragtime is a musical form that synthesizes folk melodies and musical techniques into a brief quadrille like structure, designed to be played exactly as written on the piano. A strong analogy exists between 5 European composers like Ralph Vaughan Williams, Edward Grieg, and Anton Dvorak who combined folk tunes and their own original materials in larger compositions and the pioneer ragtime composers in the United States. Composers like Scott Joplin and James 10 Scott were in a sense collectors or musicologists,collecting dance and folk music in Black communities and consciously shaping it into brief suites or anthologies called piano rags.(100 words)9. Which of the following is most nearly analogous in source and artistic character toa ragtime composition as described in the passage?(A) Symphonic music derived from complex jazz motifs(B) An experimental novel based on well-known cartoon characters(C) A dramatic production in which actors invent scenes and improvise lines(D) A ballet whose disciplined choreography is based on folk-dance steps(E) A painting whose abstract shapes evoke familiar objects in a natural landscape 答案：D新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Ge ologists have long known that the Earth‘s mantle is heterogeneous, but its spatial arrangement remains unresolved—is the mantle essentially layered or irregu-larly heterogeneous? The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands, islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle, are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle. Some geologists, however, on the basis of obser-vations concerning mantle xenoliths, argue that the mantle is not layered, but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in “incompatible elements” (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state)percolating upward and transformingportions of the upper mantle irregularly, according to the vagaries of thefluids‘ pathways. We believe, perhaps unimaginatively, that this debate can be resolved through further study, and that the under explored midocean ridge system is the key.(157 words)10. According to the passage, it is believed that oceanic islands are formed from(A) the same material as mantle xenoliths(B) the same material as the midocean ridge system(C) volcanic rocks from the upper mantle(D) incompatible elements percolating up from the lower mantle(E) mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply11. It can be inferred from the passage that the sup-porters of the ―layered-mantle‖ theory believe which of the following?□A The volcanic rocks on oceanic islands are composed of material derived from the lower part of the mantle.□B The materials of which volcanic rocks o n oceanic islands and midocean ridges are composed are typical of the layers from which they are thought to originate.□C The differences in composition between volcanic rocks on oceanic islands and the midocean ridges are a result of different concentrations of incompatible elements.12. In the context of the passage, “unimaginatively” is closest in meaning to(A) pedestrian(B) controversial(C) unrealistic(D) novel(E) paradoxical答案：10. E 11. AB 12. A新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Scientists have sought evidence of long-term solar periodicities by examining indirect climatological data, such as fossil records of the thickness of ancient tree rings. These studies, however,failed to link unequivocally terrestrial climate and the solar activity cycle, or even to confirm the cycle's past existence.(45 words)13. It can be inferred from the passage that studies attempting to use tree-ring thickness to locate possible links between solar periodicity and terrestrial climate are based on which of the following assumptions?(A) The solar-activity cycle existed in its present form during the time period in which the tree rings grew.(B) The biological mechanisms causing tree growth are unaffected by short-term weather pat terns.(C) Average tree-ring thickness varies from species to species.(D) Tree-ring thicknesses reflect changes in terrestrial climate.(E) Both terrestrial climate and the solar-activity cycle randomly affect tree-ring thickness.答案：D新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Traditional research has confronted only Mexican and United States interpretations of Mexican-American culture. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it, passing from 5 a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to, finally, a conquered people—a charter minority on our own land. When the Spanish first came to Mexico, they inter-married with and absorbed the culture of the indigenous 10 Indians. This policy of colonization through acculturation was continued when Mexico acquired Texas in the early1800‘s and brought the indigenous Indians into Mexican life and government. In the 1820‘s, United States citizens migrated to Texas, attracted by land suitable for cotton. 15 As their numbers became more substantial, their policy of acquiring land by subduing native populations began to dominate. The two ideologies clashed repeatedly,culminating in a military conflict that led to victory for the United States. Thus, suddenly deprived of our parent 20 culture, we had to evolve uniquely Mexican-Americanmodes of thought and action in order to survive.(168 words)1. The author‘s purpose in writing this passage is primarily to(A) suggest the motives behind Mexican and United States intervention in Texas(B) document certain early objectives of Mexican-American society(C) provide a historical perspective for a new analysis of Mexican-American culture(D) appeal to both Mexican and United States scholars to give greater consideration to economic interpretations of history(E) bring to light previously overlooked research on Mexican Americans2. The author most probably uses the phrase “charter minority” (lines 6-7) to reinforce the idea that Mexican Americans(A) are a native rather than an immigrant group in the United States(B) played an active political role when Texas first became part of the United States(C) recognized very early in the nineteenth century the need for official confirmation of their rights of citizenship(D) have been misunderstood by scholars trying to interpret their culture(E) identify more closely with their Indian heritage than with their Spanish heritage3. Which of the following statements most clearly contradicts the information in this passage?(A) In the early 1800‘s, the Spanish committed more resources to settling California than to developing Texas.(B) While Texas was under Mexican control, the population of Texas quadrupled, in spite of the fact that Mexico discouraged immigration from the United States.(C) By the time Mexico acquired Texas, many Indians had already married people of Spanish heritage.(D) Many Mexicans living in Texas returned to Mexico after Texas was annexed by the United States.(E) Most Indians living in Texas resisted Spanish acculturation and were either killed or enslaved.正确答案：1. C 2. A 3. E。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题精选汇总
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新GRE规律阅读练习题Islamic law is a particularly instructive example of sacred law. Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of law notwithstanding, of course,a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences 5 with one or the other of them as far as subject matter and positive enactment are concerned—that its study is indispensable in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena. Even the two other representatives of sacred law that are historically and 10 geographically nearest to it, Jewish law and Roman Catholic canon law, are perceptibly different. Both Jewish law and canon law are more uniform than Islamic law. Though historically there is a discernible break between Jewish law of the sovereign 15 state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora (the dispersion of Jewish people after the conquest of Israel), the spirit of the legal matter in later parts of the Old Testament is very close to that of the Talmud, one of the primary codifications of Jewish law in the Diaspora. Islam, on the 20 other hand, represented a radical breakaway from the Arab paganism that precededit; Islamic law is the result of an examination, from a religious angle, of legal subject matter that was far from uniform, comprising as it did the various components of the laws of pre-Islamic Arabia and 25 numerous legal elements taken over from the non-Arab peoples of the conquered territories. All this was unifiedby being subjected to the same kind of religious scrutiny, the impact of which varied greatly, being almost nonexistent in some fields, and in others originating novel 30 institutions. This central duality of legal subject matter and religious norm is additional to the variety of legal, ethical, and ritual rules that is typical of sacred law. In its relation to the secular state, Islamic law differed from both Jewish and canon law. Jewish law was 35 buttressed by the cohesion of the community, reinforced by pressure from outside; its rules are the direct expression of this feeling of cohesion, tending toward the accommodation of dissent. Canon and Islamic law, on the contrary, were dominated by the dualism of religion and40 state, where the state was not, in contrast with Judaism, an alien power but the political expression of the same religion. But the conflict between state and religion took different forms; in Christianity it appeared as the struggle for political power on the part of a tightly organized 45 ecclesiastical hierarchy, and canon law was one of its political weapons. Islamic law, on the other hand, was never supportedby an organized institution; consequently, there never developed an overt trial of strength. There merely existed discordance between application of the 50 sacred law and many of the regulations framed by Islamic states; this antagonism varied according to place and time. For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply3. The passage provides information to answer which of the following questions EXCEPT?□A Does Islamic law depend on sources other than Arab legal principles?□B What secular practices of Islamic states conflicted with Islamic law?□C Is Jewish law more uniform than canon law?4. It can be inferred from the passage that the application of Islamic law in Islamic states has(A) systematically been opposed by groups who believe it is contrary to their interests(B) suffered irreparably from the lack of firm institutional backing(C) frequently been at odds with the legal activity of government institutions(D) remained unaffected by the political forces operating alongside it(E) benefited from the fact that it never experienced a direct confrontation with the state5. Which of the following most accurately describes the organization of the passage?(A) A universal principle is advanced and then discussed in relation to a particular historical phenomenon.(B) A methodological innovation is suggested and then examples of its efficacy are provided.(C) A traditional interpretation is questioned and then modified to include new data.(D) A general opinion is expressed and then supportive illustrations are advanced.(E) A controversial viewpoint is presented and then both supportive evidence and contradictory evidence are cited.6. The passage suggests that canon law differs from Islamic law in that only canon law(A) contains prescriptions that nonsacred legal systems might regard as properly legal(B) concerns itself with the duties of a person in regard to the community as a whole(C) was affected by the tension of the conflict between religion and state(D) developed in a political environment that did not challenge its fundamental existence(E) played a role in the direct confrontation between institutions vying for power答案：3. BC 4. C 5. D 6. E新GRE规律阅读练习题If a supernova (the explosion of a massive star) trig-gered star formation from dense clouds of gas and dust, and if the most massive star to be formed from the cloud evolved into a supernova and triggered a new round of star formation, and so on, then a chain of star-forming regions would result. If many such chains were created in a differentially rotating galaxy, the distribution of stars would resemble the observed distribute in a spiral galaxy.This line of reasoning underlies an exciting new theory of spiral-galaxy structure. A computer simulation based on this theory has reproduced the appearance of many spiral galaxies without assuming an underlying density wave, the hallmark of the most widely accepted theory of the large-scale structure of spiral galaxies.That theory maintains that a density wave of spiral form sweeps through the central plane of a galaxy, compressing clouds of gas and dust, which collapse into stars that form a spiral pattern.(160 words)7. The primary purpose of the passage is to(A) describe what results when a supernova triggers the creation of chains of star-forming regions(B) propose a modification in the most widely accepted theory of spiral-galaxy structure(C) compare and contrast the roles of clouds of gas and dust in two theories of spiral-galaxy structure(D) describe a new theory of spiral-galaxy structure and contrast it with the most widely accepted theory(E) describe a new theory of spiral-galaxy structure and discuss a reason why it is inferior to the most widely accepted theory8. The passage implies that, according to the new theory of spiral-galaxy structure, a spiral galaxy can be created by supernovas when the supernovas are(A) producing an underlying density wave(B) affected by a density wave of spiral form(C) distributed in a spiral pattern(D) located in the central plane of a galaxy(E) located in a differentially rotating galaxy9. Which of the following, if true, would most discredit the new theory as described in the passage?(A)The exact mechanism by which a star becomes a supernova is not yet completely known and may even differ for different stars.(B) Chains of star-forming regions like those postulated in the new theory have been observed in the vicinity of dense clouds of gas and dust.(C) The most massive stars formed from supernova explosions are unlikely to evolve into super-novas.(D) Computer simulations of supernovas provide a poor picture of what occurs just before a supernova explosion.(E) A density wave cannot compress clouds of gas and dust to a density high enough to create a star.答案：D/E/C新GRE规律阅读练习题Many critics of Eamily Bronte‘s novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as a counterpoint that comments on,if it does not reverse, the first part, where a “romantic reading receives more confirmation. Seeing 5 the two parts as a whole is encouraged by the novel‘s sophisticated structure, revealed in its complex use of narrators and time shifts. Granted that the presence of these elements need not argue an authorial awareness of novelistic construction comparable to that of Henry 10 James, their presence does encourage attempts to unify the novel‘s heterogeneous parts. However, any interpretation that seeks to unify all of the novel‘s diverse elements is bound to be somewhat unconvincing. This is not because such an 15 interpretation necessarilystiffens into a thesis (although rigidity in any interpretation of this or of any novel is always a danger), but because Wuthering Heights has recalcitrant elements of undeniable power that, ultimately, resist inclusion in an all-encompassing 20 interpretation. In this respect, Wuthering Heightsshares a feature of Hamlet. (164 words)1. According to the passage, which of the following is a true statement about the first and second parts of Wuthering Heights?(A) The second part has received more attention from critics.(B) The second part has little relation to the first part.(C) The second part annuls the force of the first part.(D) The second part provides less substantiation for a romantic reading.(E)The second part is better because it is more realistic.2. Which of the following inferences about Henry James‘s awareness of novelistic construction is best supported by the passage?(A) James, more than any other novelist, was aware of the difficulties of novelistic construction.(B) James was very aware of the details of novel- istic construction.(C) James‘s awareness of novelistic construction derived from his reading of Bronte.(D) James‘s awareness of novelistic construction has led most commentators to see unity in his individual novels.(E) James‘s awareness of novelistic construction precluded him from violating the unity of his novels.3. The author of the passage would be most likely to agree that an interpretation of a novel should(A) not try to unite heterogeneous elements in the novel(B) not be inflexible in its treatment of the elements in the novel(C) not argue that the complex use of narrators or of time shifts indicates a sophisticated structure(D) concentrate on those recalcitrant elements of the novel that are outside the novel‘s main structure(E) primarily consider those elements of novelistic construction of which the author of the novel was aware For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply4. The author of the passage suggests which of the following about Hamlet?□A Hamlet has usually attracted critical interpretations that tend to stiffen into theses.□B Hamlet has elements that are not amenable to an all-encompassing critical interpretation.□C Hamlet is less open to an all-encompassing critical interpretation than is Wuthering Heights.答案：1. D 2. B 3. B 4.B新GRE规律阅读练习题The deep sea typically has a sparse fauna dominated by tiny worms and crustaceans, with an even sparser distribution of larger animals. However, near hydrothermal vents, areas of the ocean where warm water 5 emerges from subterranean sources, live remarkable densities of huge clams, blind crabs, and fish.Most deep-sea faunas rely for food on particulate matter,ultimately derived from photosynthesis, falling from above. The food supplies necessary to sustain the 10 large vent communities, however, must be many times the ordinary fallout. The first reports describing vent faunas proposed two possible sources of nutrition: bacterial chemosynthesis, production of food by bacteria using energy derived from chemical changes, and 15 advection, the drifting of food materials from surrounding regions. Later, evidence in support of the idea of intense local chemosynthesis was accumulated: hydrogen sulfide was found in vent water; many vent-site bacteria were found to be capable of chemosynthesis; and extremely 20 large concentrations of bacteria were found in samples of vent water thought to be pure. This final observation seemed decisive. If such astonishing concentrations of bacteria were typical of vent outflow, then food within the vent would dwarf any contribution from advection. 25 Hence, the widely quoted conclusion was reached hat bacterial chemosynthesis provides the foundation forhydrothermal-vent food chains—an exciting prospect because no other communities on Earth are independent of photosynthesis.30 There are, however, certain difficulties with this interpretation. For example, some of the large sedentary organisms associated with vents are also found at ordinary deep-sea temperatures many meters from the nearest hydrothermal sources. This suggests that bacterial 35 chemosynthesis is not a sufficient source of nutrition for these creatures. Another difficulty is that similarly dense populations of large deep-sea animals have been found in the proximity of “smokers” –vents where water emerges at temperatures up to 350°C. No bacteria can survive such 40 heat, and no bacteria were found there. Unless smokers are consistently located near more hospitable warm-water vents, chemosynthesis can account for only a fraction of the vent faunas. It is conceivable, however, that these large, sedentary organisms do in fact feed on bacteria that 45 grow in warm-water vents, rise in the vent water, and then rain in peripheral areas to nourish animals living some distance from the warm-water vents.Nonetheless, advection is a more likely alternative food source. Research has demonstrated that advective 50 flow, which originates near the surface of the ocean where suspended particulate matter accumulates,transports some of that matter and water to the vents.Estimates suggest that for every cubic meter of vent discharge, 350milligrams of particulate organic 55 material would be advected into the vent area. Thus, for an average-sized vent, advection could provide more than 30 kilograms of potential food per day. In addition, it is likely that small live animals in the advected water might be killed or stunned by thermal and/or chemical 60 shock, thereby contributing to the food supply of vents.(479 words)For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply5. The passage provides information for answering which of the following questions EXCEPT?□A What causes warm-water vents to form?□B What role does hydrogen sulfide play in chemosynthesis?□C Do bacteria live in the vent water of smokers?6. The information in the passage suggests that the majority of deep-sea faunas that live in nonvent habitats have which of the following characteristics?(A) They do not normally feed on particles of food in the water.(B) They are smaller than many vent faunas.(C) They are predators.(D) They derive nutrition from a chemosynthetic food source.(E) They congregate around a single main food source.7. Select the sentence in the passage in which the author impliesthat vents are colonized by some of the same animal found in other areas of the ocean floor, which might be a weakness for the bacterial chemosynthesis model.8. The author refers to ―smokers‖ in the third paragraph most probably in order to(A) show how thermal shock can provide food for some vent faunas by stunning small animals(B) prove that the habitat of most deep-sea animals is limited to warm-water vents(C) explain how bacteria carry out chemosynthesis(D) demonstrate how advection compensates for the lack of food sources on the seafloor(E) present evidence that bacterial chemosynthesis may be an inadequate source of food for some vent faunas答案：5. AB 6. B 7.For example, some of the large sedentary 8. E。
GRE阅读逻辑练习题
练习一1. Patel： Although enrollment in the region's high school has been decreasing for several years， enrollment at the elementary school has grown considerably. Therefore， the regional school board proposes building a new elementary school.Quintero：Another solution would be to convert some high school classrooms temporarily into classrooms for elementary school students.Which of the following， if true， most helps to support Quintero's alternative proposal？（A） Some rooms at the high school cannot be converted into rooms suitable for the use of elementary school students.（B） The cost of building a high school is higher than the cost of building an elementary school.（C） Although the birth rate has not increased， the number of families sending their children to the region's high school has increased markedly.（D） A high school atmosphere could jeopardize the safety and self-confidence of elementary school students.（E） Even before the region's high school population began to decrease， several high school class-rooms rarely needed to be used.2. Peter： More than ever before in Risland, college graduates with science degrees are accepting permanent jobs in other fields. That just goes to show that scientists in Risland are not being paid enough.Lila： No， it does not. These graduates are not working in science for the simple reason that there are not enough jobs in science in Risland to employ all of these graduates.Which of the following， if true in Risland, would most undermine the reasoning in Peter's argument？（A） The college graduates with science degrees who are not working in science are currently earning lower salaries than they would earn as scientists.（B） Fewer college students than ever before are receiving degrees in science.（C） The number of jobs in science has steadily risen in the last decade.（D） A significant number of college graduates with science degrees worked at low-paying jobs while they were in college.（E） Every year some recent college graduates with science degrees accept permanent jobs in nonscientific fields.3.Counselor： Every year a popular newsmagazine publishes a list of United States colleges， ranking them according to an overall numerical score that is a composite of ratings according to several criteria. However， the overall scores generally should not be used by students as the basis for deciding to which colleges to apply.Which of the following，if true，most helps to justify the counselor's recommendation？（A） The vast majority of people who purchase the magazine in which the list appears are not college-bound students.（B） Colleges that are ranked highest in the magazine's list use this fact inadvertisements aimed at attracting students.（C） The rankings seldom change from one year to the next.（D） The significance that particular criteria have for any two students is likely to differ according to the students' differing needs.（E） Some college students who are pleased with their schools considered the magazine's rankings before deciding which college to attend.4. A thorough search of Edgar Allan Poe's correspondence has turned up not a single letter in which he mentions his reputed morphine addiction. On the basis of this evidence it is safe to say that Poe's reputation for having been a morphine addict is undeserved and that reports of his supposed addiction are untrue.Which of the following is assumed by the argument above？（A） Reports claiming that Poe was addicted to morphine did not begin to circulate until after his death.（B） None of the reports of Poe's supposed morphine addiction can be traced to individuals who actually knew Poe.（C） Poe's income from writing would not have been sufficient to support a morphine addiction.（D） Poe would have been unable to carry on an extensive correspondence while under the influence of morphine.（E） Fear of the consequences would not have pre-vented Poe from indicating in his correspondence that he was addicted to morphine.5. Adelle： The government's program to reduce the unemployment rate in the province of Carthena by encouraging job creation has failed， since the rate there has not changed appreciably since the program began a year ago.Fran： But the unemployment rate in Carthena had been rising for three years before the program began， so the program is helping.Which of the following， if true， most strongly counters Fran's objection to Adelle's argument？（A） The government is advised by expert economists， some of whom specialize in employment issues.（B） The unemployment rate in the province of Carthena has historically been higher than that of the country as a whole.（C） The current government was elected by a wide margin， because of its promises to reduce the unemployment rate in Carthena.（D） Around the time the government program began， large numbers of unemployed Carthena residents began leaving the province to look for work elsewhere.（E） The unemployment rate in Carthena had been relatively stable until shortly before the current government took office.6. Soft Drink Manufacturer：Our new children's soft drink， RipeCal, is fortified with calcium. Since calcium is essential for developing healthy bones, drinking RipeCal regularly will help make children healthy. Consumer Advocate：But RipeCal also contains large amounts of sugar， and regularly consuming large amounts of sugar is unhealthful, especially for children.In responding to the soft drink manufacturer， the consumer advocate does which of the following？（A）Challenges the manufacturer's claim about the nutritional value of calcium in children's diets（B）Argues that the evidence cited by the manufacturer, when properly considered，leads to a conclusion opposite to that reached by the manufacturer.（C）Implies that the manufacturer of a product is typically unconcerned with the nutritional value of that product.（D）Questions whether a substance that is healthful when eaten in moderation can be unhealthful when eaten in excessive amounts.（E）Presents additional facts that call into question the conclusion drawn by the manufacturer.7.Over a period of several months, researchers attached small lights to the backs of wetas—flightless insects native to New Zealand—enabling researchers for the first time to make comprehensive observations of the insects' nighttime activities. Thus, since wetas forage only at night， the researchers' observations will significantly improve knowledge of the normal foraging habits of wetas.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends？（A） Researchers were interested only in observing the wetas' foraging habits and so did not keep track of other types of behavior.（B） No pattern of behavior that is exhibited by wetas during the nighttime is also exhibited by wetas during the daytime.（C）Attaching the small lights to the wetas' backs did not greatly alter the wetas' normal night-time foraging habits.（D）Wetas typically forage more frequently during the months in which the researchers studied them than they do at other times.（E）The researchers did not use other observational techniques to supplement their method of using small lights to track the nighttime behavior of wetas.8.People whose bodies cannot produce the substance cytochrome P450 are three times as likely to develop Parkinson's disease， a disease that affects the brain，as are people whose bodies do produce this substance. Since cytochrome P450 protects the brain from toxic chemicals， toxic chemicals probably play a role in the development of Parkinson's disease.Which of the following， if true， most strongly supports the argument？（A）It will soon be possible for cytochrome P450 to be synthesized for the treatment of people whose bodies cannot produce this substance.（B）Many people whose bodies are unable to produce cytochrome P450 lack the ability to produce certain other substances as well.（C）Cytochrome P450 has no effect on the brain other than to protect it from toxic chemicals.（D）People with Parkinson's disease often exhibit a marked lessening in the severity of their symptoms when they are treated with dopamine， a chemical produced naturally in the brain.（E）Many people with Parkinson's disease have the ability to produce cytochrome P450 naturally.9.The early universe contained only the lightest elements， hydrogen and helium. Heavier elements，such as carbon， form only in nuclear reactions in stars and are dispersed when the stars explode. A recently discovered gas cloud contained carbon several billion years ago， when the universe was no more than two billion years old.If the statements above are true， which of the following must, on the basis of them， also be true?（A）The earliest stars contained only hydrogen.（B）Some stars were formed before the universe was two billion years old.（C）The carbon in the gas cloud later formed part of some stars.（D）No stars identified to date are as old as the gas cloud.（E）The gas cloud also contained hydrogen and helium.10.Sleep deprivation is a known cause of workplace error， and many physicians frequently go without sleep for periods of 24 hours or more. However， few of these physicians have， in the course of a routine examination by a peer， been diagnosed with sleep deprivation. So there is little cause for concern that habitual sleep deprivation will cause widespread physician error.The answer to which of the following questions would be most helpful in evaluating the argument？（A）Do physicians who have been diagnosed with sleep disorders also show signs of other ills not related to sleep deprivation？（B）Is the ability to recognize the symptoms of sleep deprivation in others significantly impaired by habitual sleep deprivation？（C）Do factors other than habitual sleep deprivation ever lead to errors in the workplace on the part of physicians？（D）Of people who have recently been treated by physicians， what percentage believe that many physicians have occasionally suffered from sleepdeprivation？（E）Is the incidence of sleep deprivation higher among physicians than it is among other health care workers？11.A list of the fifteen operas most frequently performed in recent times includes no works by the nineteenth-century German composer Richard Wagner. Although music producers tend to produce what audiences want，relative infrequency of performance probably does not indicate lack of popularity in Wagner's case， since Wagner's operas are notoriously expensive to perform on stage.Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the conclusion of the argument above？（A）The list of most frequently performed operas does not include operas produced by small amateur groups.（B）Some opera companies are backed by patrons who are willing to commit large sums of money in order to enjoy lavish productions.（C）All of the fifteen most frequently performed operas of recent times are works that have been popular for at least 75 years.（D）More recordings have been produced recently of the works of Wagner than of the works of any other composer of opera.（E）Operatic works of all kinds have been increasing in popularity in recent years.12. The bodies of dwarf individuals of mammalian species are generally smaller in relation to those of nondwarf individuals than are the teeth of the dwarf individuals in relation to those of the nondwarf individuals. Fragmentary skeletal remains of an adult dwarf woolly mammoth were recently found. The teeth are three-fourths the size of the teeth of an average adult nondwarf woolly mammoth.The statements above， if true， most strongly support which of the following？（A）The body of the dwarf woolly mammoth was less than three-fourths the size of the body of an average adult nondwarf woolly mammoth.（B）None of the teeth of the dwarf woolly mammoth that were recently discovered was as large as any of the teeth of nondwarf woolly mammoths that have been discovered.（C）The teeth of most adult dwarf individuals of mammalian species are three- fourths the size of the teeth of the adult nondwarf individuals of the same species.（D）Dwarf woolly mammoths had the same number of teeth as did nondwarf woolly mammoths.（E）Dwarf individuals of most mammalian species are generally no more than three-fourths the size of the adult nondwarf individuals of those species.13.Excluding purchases by businesses， the average amount spent on a factory-new car has risen 30 per-cent in the last five years. In the average household budget， the proportion spent on car purchases has remained unchanged in that period. Therefore the average household budget must have increased by 30 percent over the last five years.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies？（A）The average number of factory-new cars purchased per household has remained unchanged over the last five years.（B）The average amount spent per car by businesses buying factory-new cars has risen 30 percent in the last five years.（C）The proportion of the average household budget spent on all car-related expenses has remained unchanged over the last five years.（D）The proportion of the average household budget spent on food and housing has remained unchanged over the last five years.（E）The total amount spent nationwide on factory-new cars has increased by 30 percent over the last five years练习二1. Armtech, a temporary-employment agency， previously gave its employees2.5 paid vacation days after each 700 hours worked. Armtech's new policy is to give its employees 5.0 paid vacation days after each 1，200 hours worked. Therefore， this new policy is more generous to Armtech employees in giving them more vacation days per hour worked than the old policy did.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends？（A） Most current Armtech employees approve of the company's new vacation policy.（B） A few Armtech employees leave the company before having worked 700 hours.（C） Most Armtech employees were not aware that the company planned to change its vacation policy until after it had already done so.（D） A significant portion of Armtech employees stay with the company long enough to work for 1，200 hours.（E） Armtech's new vacation policy closely matches the vacation policies of competing temporary employment agencies.2 The global population of frogs has declined in recent years while the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth has increased. Since the genetic material in frog eggs is harmed when exposed to ultraviolet radiation， and since the eggs themselves are not protected by shells or leathery coverings but are gelatinous， the frog population decline is probably due， at least in part， to the ultraviolet radiation increase.Which of the following， if true， provides the strongest support for the argument？（A）Even in those regions where there has been no significant increase in ultraviolet radiation， only a small proportion of the frog eggs that are laid ever hatch.（B） In areas where there has been the least decline in frog populations， populations of species of insects that frogs eat have decreased.（C） The eggs of frog species whose populations are declining tend to have higher concentrations of damaging pesticides than do the eggs of frog species whose populations have not declined.（D） In many places where turtles， which lay eggs with tough， leathery coverings，share habitats with frogs， turtle populations are also in decline.（E） Populations of frog species that hide their eggs beneath rocks or under sand have declined considerably less than have populations of frog species that do not cover their eggs.3 To improve productivity，manufacturing companies have recently begun restructuring work to produce more goods with fewer assembly-line workers， and the companies have laid off many workers as a consequence. The workers laid off have been those with the least seniority（time on the job）， generally the younger workers.The statements above， if true， most strongly support which of the following as a conclusion？（A） The products manufactured by the companies are not undergoing design changes while the manufacturing jobs are being restructured.（B）When assembly-line workers have made suggestions for improvements in manufacturing processes， some suggestions have been implemented， but many have not.（C） Assembly-line workers now need increased reading and mathematical skills to do their jobs.（D） Some of the innovations in assembly-line processes and procedures that were made to increase productivity have instead proved to be counterproductive.（E）The manufacturing companies are increasing the average age of their assembly-line workforce while still seeking to increase production.4.During the nineteenth century， Britain's urban population increased as its rural population diminished. A historian theorizes that， rather than industrialization's being the cause， this change resulted from a series of migrations to urban areas， each occasioned by a depression in the agrarian economy. To test this hypothesis， the historian will compare economic data with population census data.The historian's hypothesis would be most strongly supported if which of the following were found to be true？（A） The periods of greatest growth in the industrial economy were associated with a relatively rapid decline in the rural population.（B） The periods of greatest weakness in the agrarian economy were associated with relatively slow growth in the population as a whole.（C） Periods when the agrarian economy was comparatively strong and the industrial economy comparatively weak were associated with a particularly rapid decline in the rural population.（D） Periods when the agrarian and industrial economies were both strong were associated with particularly rapid growth in the urban population.（E） The periods of greatest strength in the agrarian economy were associated with relatively slow growth in the urban population.5 Politician：Each year， small businesses create more jobs than do large established businesses. Therefore， in order to reduce unemployment in the long term， we should provide incentives for starting small businesses rather than for expanding established large businesses.Which of the following， if true， casts the most doubt on the politician's argument？（A） In general， people employed by small businesses report higher job satisfaction than do people employed by large businesses.（B） Among the currently unemployed are many people with sufficient job skills to perform the jobs that small businesses would create.（C） Providing an effective incentive for starting a business generally costs significantly less than providing an effective incentive for expanding a large business.（D） A high proportion of small businesses fail within three years of starting because of their owners' inexperience.（E）The average large business contributes more money to politicians‘ campaign funds than the average small business does.6 In the workplace， influenza is typically spread by infected individuals to others with whom they work in close quarters. A new medication that suppresses the symptoms of influenza therefore will actually increase the number of influenza cases， because this medication will allow people who would otherwise be home in bed to return to work while infected.Which of the following， if true， most seriously challenges the prediction？（A） Coughing， a symptom of influenza that the new medication suppresses， is a primary mechanism in the spread of this illness.（B） Some medications that are used to suppress symptoms of influenza are also used by many people to treat symptoms that are caused not by influenza but by other illnesses.（C） Many workers who now remain at home when infected with influenza do so because the symptoms of influenza prevent them from per-forming their jobs effectively.（D） Most adults who are immunized against influenza in order to avoid being infected are over65 years old and retired and thus do not work outside the home.（E） Symptoms of an illness are often the body's means of curing itself of the illness， and there-fore suppression of symptoms can prolong the illness that causes them.7 Editorial：Critics of nuclear power complain about the allegedly serious harm that might result from continued operation of existing nuclear power plants. But such concerns do not justify closing these plants；after all， their operation has caused no more harm than that caused by pollution generated by coal-and oil-burning power plants，the most important other sources of energy.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends？（A） Existing nuclear power plants should be closed only if it can be conclusively demonstrated that their continued operation is likely to cause harm more serious than the harm their operation has already caused.（B） Closing existing nuclear power plants would require greatly increased reliance on coal-and oil-burning power plants.（C） The harm that has resulted from operation of existing coal-and oil-burning power plants has been significant.（D） The harm that a nuclear power plant is likely to cause as it continues to operate can be reliably predicted from the past history of nuclear power plants.（E） The only harm that has resulted from operation of existing coal-and oil-burning power plants has resulted from the pollution generated by these plants.8 Drug manufacturer： Although our company requires that patients who use our new drug also purchase from us nonreusable kits for weekly blood testing， the expense of those kits is an entirely necessary one： weekly blood testing must be done to monitor the drug's potential side effects， which can be very dangerous.Which of the following， if true， most seriously weakens the manufacturer's argument？（A） The expense of purchasing the blood-test kits has not prevented any patients from obtaining them or the drug.（B） Medical laboratories can perform the blood testing at a lower cost to patients or their insurers than the price the manufacturer charges for the kits.（C） A one-year supply of the drug and the weekly blood-test kits can cost patients or their insurers over $10，000.（D） Most government and other health insurance programs will not reimburse patients for the full cost of both the drug and the blood-test kits.（E） Patients who suffer one or more of the dangerous side effects of the drug can incur heavy expenses for the treatment of those side effects.9 Virginia and her brother William disagree over when their father was born：Virginia claims it was in 1935 and William claims it was in 1933. The hospital where their father was born has no records for 1933 but has complete records for 1935—records that do not include a birth record for their father. Therefore，he must have been born in 1933.The argument depends on which of the following assumptions？（A） Either Virginia's claim or William's claim is correct.（B） The records of the hospital where their father was born date back to 1933.（C） Virginia and William know the day and the month of their father's birth.（D） There are urgent practical reasons why Virginia and William must know the date of their father's birth.（E） None of their other relatives knows the year in which Virginia and William's father was born.10 The town of San Leonardo has recently enacted a law banning smoking in all restaurants within town limits. Since many smokers who normally dine in San Leonardo's restaurants will not want to refrain from smoking during their meals， San Leonardo's restaurants will undoubtedly lose many patrons and considerable income.Which of the following， if true， most helps to strengthen the argument above？（A） Most residents of San Leonardo who eat in restaurants are not smokers.（B） Most smokers who dine in the company of non-smokers are willing to refrain from smoking during their meals.（C） If the law banning smoking in restaurants had not been enacted， it is likely that a more stringent law banning smoking in all public places in San Leonardo would have been enacted instead.（D） Prior to the enactment of the law banning smoking in San Leonardo's restaurant，the town had a law that required most restaurants to have nonsmoking sections.（E） None of the other communities adjacent to San Leonardo， which have restaurants comparable to those of San Leonardo， has enacted and enforces any antismoking legislation.11. Children whose biological parents both have Tic Syndrome Z （TSZ）， which is characterized by the involuntary contraction of certain muscles， are about four times more likely to develop such contractions than are children whose biological parents do not have TSZ， It is likely, therefore, that predisposition to TSZ is an inherited trait.Which of the following， if true， would most strengthen the conclusion above？（A） Children whose parents have TSZ are more likely to develop TSZ if they are under unusual stress at school or at home than if they are not under such stress.（B） Children whose biological parents do not have TSZ are more likely to develop TSZ if they are raised by adoptive parents with TSZ than if they are raised by their biological parents.（C） Children whose biological parents have TSZ are as likely to develop TSZ if they are raised by adoptive parents who do not have TSZ as if they are raised by their biological parents.（D） Children whose biological parents have TSZ and who develop TSZ usually avoid developing a severe form of the syndrome if they seek treatment for TSZ shortly after developing the first signs of it.（E） Children with TSZ whose biological parents do not have TSZ are less likely to have the syndrome diagnosed when symptoms first appear than are children with TSZ whose biological parents have TSZ.12. Playing eighteenth-century music on the instruments of that period provides valuable information about how the music originally sounded. Eighteenth-century instruments cannot be played without being restored， however， and restoring such an instrument destroys all of the information that researchers could obtain from it about eighteenth-century instrument-making techniques.If the statements above are true， which of the following must be true on the basis of them？（A） Eighteenth-century instruments cannot be used to provide information about the original techniques used in playing such instruments if they have been restored.（B） Eighteenth-century instruments that have been restored can provide information only about how eighteenth-century music originally sounded（C） Eighteenth-century instruments are the only source of information about the instrument-making techniques of that period.（D） An eighteenth-century instrument that has not been restored can provide more information than can one that has been restored.（E） An eighteenth-century instrument cannot serve as a source of new information about eighteenth-century instrument-making techniques once it can be played练习三1.A new and more aggressive form of the fungus that caused the Irish potato famine of the nineteenth century has recently arisen. However， since this new form of the fungus can be killed by increased application of currently used fungicides， it is unlikely that the fungus will cause widespread food shortages in countries that currently rely on potatoes for sustenance.Which of the following， if true， most calls into question the conclusion in the argument above？（A） Though potatoes are an important staple crop in many parts of the world，people in most countries rely primarily on wheat or rice for sustenance.（B） Potato farmers in many countries to which the new form of the fungus has spread cannot afford to increase their spending on fungicides.（C） The new form of the fungus first began to spread when contaminated potato seeds were inadvertently exported from a major potato-exporting country.。
新GRE阅读练习题练习
新GRE阅读练习题练习新GRE阅读练习题练习掌握了GRE阅读里的长难句，到了实战演习的.时候了。
GRE阅读练习帮助GRE考生循序渐进地进行复习和总结。
希望GRE考生在进行GRE阅读练习时，也按着考试时候的时间规定自己的练习，这样才能有效果。
On each day of the Monday through Friday workweek, exactly two of three employeesGeorge, Hilda, and Irenemust remain on duty in the office to answer tele-phones during the noon to 1 p.m. lunch break. In the scheduling of telephone duty the following constraints must be met：Hilda and Irene have telephone duty together on Tuesday.George and Hilda have telephone duty together onThursday.No one can have telephone duty on more than four of the five days of the week.1.Which of the following can be the weeks telephone duty schedule?Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday FridayGeorge George Hilda George Hilda Hilda Irene Irene Hilda IreneGeorge Hilda George Hilda George Hilda Irene Hilda Irene IreneGeorge Hilda George George George Irene Irene Hilda Hilda HildaHilda Hilda George George Hilda Irene Irene Hilda Hilda IreneHilda Hilda George George George Irene Irene Hilda Irene Irene2.If Hilda has telephone duty for exactly two days of the week,which of the following must be true?【新GRE阅读练习题练习】。
GRE阅读分步练习一--答案
第1题题目信息Some historians question the widely held belief that continually improving education led to gradual African American empowerment in the southern United States from the late nineteenth century through the mid-twentieth century. They note that the development of Black educational institutions in the segregated South was never rapid or steady:disparities between Black and White schools sometimes grew in the early decades of the twentieth century. And African Americans' educational gains did not bring commensurate economic gains. Starting in the 1940s, even as Black and White schools in the South moved steadily toward equality, Black southerners remained politically marginalized and experienced systematic job discrimination. Although Black schools had achieved near parity with White schools in per capita spending and teachers' salaries by 1965, African Americans' income still lagged behind that of Whites. Nonetheless, educationalprogress did contribute toward economic and political empowerment. AfricanAmericans' campaigns to support Black schools fostered a sense of community, nurtured political determination, and often increased literacy. More significantly, politicallyoutspoken Black newspapers achieved record circulation during the 1940s, just as the literacy rate among African Americans approached 90 percent. Finally, the leadership of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s was composed largely of graduates of Black colleges.The author of the passage refers to the fact that "disparities between Black and White schools sometimes grew in the early decades of the twentieth century" most likely in order to•support the argument that the economic struggles of southern Blacks were largely due to educational inequalities•give an example of the differences between Black schools in the early part of the twentieth century and Black schools starting in the 1940s•illustrate the unevenness of the progress made by Black schools in the southern United States √•help explain why Black remained politically marginalized and experienced systematic job discrimination in the segregated South•provide evidence that educational progress was a precondition for economic progress in the segregated South•主旨题•事实信息题/事实内容题•推断题•信息目的题√•信息目的题/作者意图题•Some historians question the widely held belief that continually improving education led to gradual African American empowerment in the southern United States from the late nineteenth century through the mid-twentieth century.•They note that the development of Black educational institutions in the segregated South was never rapid or steady: disparities between Black and White schools sometimes grew in the early decades of the twentieth century. √•And African Americans` educational gains did not bring commensurate economic gains. •Although Black schools had achieved near parity with White schools in per capita spending and teachers` salaries by 1965, African Americans` income still lagged behind that of Whites.•African Americans` campaigns to support Black schools fostered a sense of community, nurtured political determination, and often increased literacy.第2题题目信息Some historians question the widely held belief that continually improving education led to gradual African American empowerment in the southern United States from the late nineteenth century through the mid-twentieth century. They note that the development of Black educational institutions in the segregated South was never rapid or steady:disparities between Black and White schools sometimes grew in the early decades of the twentieth century. And African Americans' educational gains did not bring commensurate economic gains. Starting in the 1940s, even as Black and White schools in the South moved steadily toward equality, Black southerners remained politically marginalized and experienced systematic job discrimination. Although Black schools had achieved near parity with White schools in per capita spending and teachers' salaries by 1965, African Americans' income still lagged behind that of Whites. Nonetheless, educationalprogress did contribute toward economic and political empowerment. AfricanAmericans' campaigns to support Black schools fostered a sense of community, nurtured political determination, and often increased literacy. More significantly, politicallyoutspoken Black newspapers achieved record circulation during the 1940s, just as the literacy rate among African Americans approached 90 percent. Finally, the leadership of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s was composed largely of graduates of Black colleges.Which of the following best describes the purpose of the highlighted sentence? •It clarifies a point introduced in the preceding sentence.•It reiterates a point introduced in the first sentence of the passage.•It questions the accuracy of some of the evidence used to support the argument of the historians.•It introduces a perspective that runs contrary to the view of those who endorse the "belief."•It qualifies the interpretation made by the historians. √•主旨题•事实信息题/事实内容题•推断题•句子作用题√•信息目的题/作者意图题•与前句内容并列;•解释说明前句内容;•对前句内容进行转折;•限定修正前句内容; √•为前句内容举例;关注卖家微信获取更多课程资源：EasyTV题目信息Some historians question the widely held belief that continually improving education led to gradual African American empowerment in the southern United States from the late nineteenth century through the mid-twentieth century. They note that the development of Black educational institutions in the segregated South was never rapid or steady:disparities between Black and White schools sometimes grew in the early decades of the twentieth century. And African Americans' educational gains did not bring commensurate economic gains. Starting in the 1940s, even as Black and White schools in the South moved steadily toward equality, Black southerners remained politically marginalized and experienced systematic job discrimination. Although Black schools had achieved near parity with White schools in per capita spending and teachers' salaries by 1965, African Americans' income still lagged behind that of Whites. Nonetheless, educationalprogress did contribute toward economic and political empowerment. AfricanAmericans' campaigns to support Black schools fostered a sense of community, nurtured political determination, and often increased literacy. More significantly, politicallyoutspoken Black newspapers achieved record circulation during the 1940s, just as the literacy rate among African Americans approached 90 percent. Finally, the leadership of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s was composed largely of graduates of Black colleges.The passage suggests which of the following about the Civil Rights movement? •It gave rise to a rapid increase in the number of Black newspapers published in the South.•Its political effectiveness was greatly enhanced by the increased circulation of Black newspapers.•Its leadership benefited from improvements in education for African Americans. √•It was the force primarily responsible for increasing per capita spending in Black schools. •It was responsible for changing many historians` view of the relation between education and African American empowerment.•主旨题•事实信息题/事实内容题•推断题√•句子作用题•信息目的题/作者意图题•They note that the development of Black educational institutions in the segregated South was never rapid or steady: disparities between Black and White schools sometimes grew in the early decades of the twentieth century.•Although Black schools had achieved near parity with White schools in per capita spending and teachers` salaries by 1965, African Americans` income still lagged behind that of Whites.•Nonetheless, educational progress did contribute toward economic and political empowerment.•African Americans` campaigns to support Black schools fostered a sense of community, nurtured political determination, and often increased literacy.•Finally, the leadership of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s was composed largely of graduates of Black colleges. √。
2021年GRE阅读逻辑练习题及答案
2021年GRE阅读逻辑练习题及答案（1）1. The university's constitution defines the powers of two governing bodies.The general council， which currently retains authority over constitutional matters， consists of all the university's living alumni.The twenty-member senate decides routine matters by majority vote.A new proposal suggests making a unanimous vote in the senate sufficient to change the constitution.If the statements above are true， which of the following must follow on the basis of them?(A) The proposal will take effect only if it receives the senate's unanimous support.(B) Currently each member of the senate has power of veto over any proposal that comes before that body.(C) Adopting the proposal would allow passage of constitutional changes without the general council's approval.(D) Any of the university's alumni can fill any one of the twenty seats on the senate.(E) Adopting the new proposal would increase the voice of the alumni in the conduct of university affairs.parison of the growth rings of ancient trees enables scientists to determine from a piece of timber the year in which the tree used for the timber wasfelled.Hence， by analyzing the growth rings in timber surviving from ancient buildings， archaeolo gists can determine precisely when those buildings were constructed.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?(A) The timber used for construction purposes in ancient times was made from very old trees.(B) The timber that was used in ancient building construction had not， prior to being used in the construction of the buildings， lain unused for an indeterminable amount of time.(C) The growth rings of any tree felled in a given year are identical to the growth rings of any other tree felled in that year.(D) The oldest of the ancient buildings that survive to the present day were constructed of the most durable woods.(E) Ancient builders did not use more than one type of wood for the construction of a given building.3.Color-tinting of movies originally photographed in black-and-white is inappropriate.Hundreds of the original artistic choices would have been made differently had these movies been filmed in color.Lighting on the sets of these movies was arranged to make highlights and shadows look right in black-and-white.Which of the following claims， if substituted for the claim about the lighting of movie sets， would lend the same type of support to the argument above?(A) An important part of what gives these movies their identity is the result of the black-and-white format.(B) Color film would have better captured the film-makers' intentions.(C) Color film is superior to black-and-white film for making movies.(D) Makeup for the actors was applied so as to look best in black-and-white films.(E) The choice of black-and-white film over color film is entirely a matter of taste.参考答案：CBD2021年GRE阅读逻辑练习题及答案（2）1.In Borkland， university scholarship stipends worth $4.2 million were unclaimed last year because several scholarship programs attracted no applicants who met the programs' qualifying criteria.This is an egregious waste of funds in a country where thousands of promising students each year cannot afford tuition.Qualifying criteria for those scholarships， therefore， should be revised.Which of the following， if true about Borkland， most strongly supports the conclusion drawn above?(A) Many scholarships are unclaimed not because their qualifying criteria are too restrictive but because the scholarship programs rarely announce the scholarships' availability.(B) Because of inflation， the stipends offered by certain scholarship programs now appear less attractive to potential applicants than they did when they were first offered.(C) A significant number of scholarship programs awarded all of their available scholarship stipends last year， yet most of those programs have very restrictive qualifying criteria.(D) Certain scholarship programs accept applications only from students enrolled in specific major fields of study， but Borkland's universities no longer offer courses in the fields specified by many of those programs.(E) Several scholarship programs have found it impossible to revise their qualifying criteria without engaging in lengthy and costly legal proceedings.2.In Diersville the new Environmental Action party won two seats on the seven-member town council in 1988.It lost both of those seats in the 1992 election，even though the party's pro-environment platform had essentially remained unchanged.This decline in the party's fortunes clearlydemonstrates that in Diersville environmental concerns faded in significance between 1988 and 1992.Which of the following， if true， most seriously weakens the argument?(A) Between 1988 and 1992， the number of eligible voters in Diersville rose， but not the percentage who actually voted.(B) Between 1988 and 1992， Diersville's leading political party revised its platform， adopting a strongly environmentalist stance.(C) The parties that ran candidates in the 1992election in Diersville were the same as those that had done so in the 1988 election.(D) In 1992 the Environmental Action party won fewer votes in Diersville than it had won in 1988.(E) Between 1988 and 1992， some measures intended to benefit the environment had been adopted by the town council， but with inconclusive results.3.The United States is not usually thought of as a nation of parakeet lovers.Yet in a census of parakeet owners in selected comparable countries， the United States ranked second， with eleven parakeet owners per hundred people.The conclusion can be drawn from this that people in the United States are more likely to own parakeets than are people in most other countries.Knowledge of which of the following would be most useful in judging the accuracy of the conclusion?(A) The number of parakeets in the United States.(B) The number of parakeet owners in the United States.(C) The number of parakeet owners per hundred people in the country that ranked first in the census.(D) The number of parakeet owners in the United States compared to the numbers of owners of other pet birds in the United States.(E) The numbers of parakeet owners per hundred peoplein the countries not included in the census.参考答案：DBE2021年GRE阅读逻辑练习题及答案（3）1 Until 1984 only aspirin and acetaminophen shared the lucrative nonprescription pain-reliever market. In 1984，however， ibuprofen was expected to account for fifteen percent of all nonprescription pain-reliever sales.On that basis business experts predicted for 1984 a corresponding fifteen percent decrease in the combined sales of aspirin and acetaminophen.The prediction mentioned in the last sentence above was based on which of the following assumptions?(A) Most consumers would prefer ibuprofen to both aspirin and acetaminophen.(B) Aspirin， acetaminophen， and ibuprofen all relieve headache pain and muscular aches， but aspirin and ibuprofen can also cause stomach irritation.(C) Before 1984 ibuprofen was available only as a prescription medicine.(D) The companies that manufacture and sell aspirin and acetaminophen would not also manufacture and sell ibuprofen.(E) The introduction of ibuprofen would not increase total sales of nonprescription pain reliever.2 New regulations in Mullentown require manufacturers there to develop five-year pollution-reduction plans. The regulations require that each manufacturer develop a detailed plan for reducing its released pollutants by at least 50 percent. Clearly， the regulations will not result in significant pollution reduction， how- ever， since the regulations do not force manufacturers to implement their plans.Which of the following， if true， most weakens the argument?(A) Mullentown's manufacturing plants are not the only source of pollution there.(B) Detailed plans would reveal that measures to reduce released pollutants would also reduce manufacturers' costs for materials， waste disposal， and legal services(C) Pollutants that manufacturing processes create but that are not released directly into the environment must nonetheless be collected and prepared for disposal(D) Any reductions in pollutants released from Mullentown's manufacturing plants would not be noticeable for at least five years.(E) Each manufacturer will be required to submit its plan to a committee appointed by Mullentown's officials.3 Until 1984 only aspirin and acetaminophen shared the lucrative nonprescription pain-reliever market. In 1984，however， ibuprofen was expected to account for fifteen percent of all nonprescription pain-reliever sales.On that basis business experts predicted for 1984 a corresponding fifteen percent decrease in the combined sales of aspirin and acetaminophen.The prediction mentioned in the last sentence above was based on which of the following assumptions?(A) Most consumers would prefer ibuprofen to both aspirin and acetaminophen.(B) Aspirin， acetaminophen， and ibuprofen all relieve headache pain and muscular aches， but aspirin and ibuprofen can also cause stomach irritation.(C) Before 1984 ibuprofen was available only as a prescription medicine.(D) The companies that manufacture and sell aspirin and acetaminophen would not also manufacture and sell ibuprofen.(E) The introduction of ibuprofen would not increase total sales of nonprescription pain reliever.参考答案：EBC。
新GRE阅读模拟练习题
新GRE阅读模拟练习题为了给考生更多的练习机会，小编为大家整理了一些新GRE阅读部分的练习题，希望考生在备考过程中多加练习，查缺补漏，在不断地练习中提高自己的分数，争取早日通过新GRE考试。
新GRE阅读练习题请看下面的新GRE阅读短文练习。
Between 1970 and 1980, energy consumption by United States industry peaked and then declined, so that by 1980 total industrial use of energy was below the 1970 level even though total industrial output had grown substantially in the same period. Industry must have instituted highly effective energy conservation measures in those years to have achieved such impressive results.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion of the argument?(A) Many industries switched to the greatest extent possible from high-priced oil to lower-priced alternatives throughout the 1970's.(B) Total residential energy consumption was higher in the United States in 1980 than it had been in 1970(C) Many industrial users of energy had paid little attention to energy conservation prior to 1970.(D) Industrial output grew less rapidly from 1970 to 1980 than it had from 1960 to 1970.(E) The industries whose production dropped sharply during the 1970's included a disproportionately large number of energy-intensive industries.答案：E请看下面的新GRE阅读短文练习。
GRE考试阅读题目解析(1)
GRE考试阅读题目解析(1)GRE阅读题目解析:卡路里摄入与动物寿命P30Animals live longer when their calorie intake is restricted to two-thirds o f what is considered normal for their species. Animals so restricted are also g enerally healthier: most disease, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenera tive illness, are forestalled. This phenomenon was long attributed to a simple slowing of metabolism (cells’ production of energy from fuel molecules) and co nsequent reproduction of its toxic by-products in response to less food. In fac t, however, calorie restriction does not slow mammalian metabolism, and in yeas t and worms, metabolism is both sped up and altered. Some scientists now theori ze that calorie restriction is a biological stressor that, like natural food sc arcity, induces a more complex defensive response, which in mammals includes ch anges in cellular defenses and repair.1. In the passage, the function of the highlighted portion is toA. Provide specific examples of organisms whose longevity does not increase in response to calorie restriction.B. Illustrate the probable means by which organisms placed on a calorie-res triction diet compensate for the reduction in available food-based level.C. Suggest the mechanism that is responsible for prolonging the life of org anism whose calorie intake is significantly reduced.D. Give an example that explain why scientists’ thinking about the physiol ogical effects of calorie restriction changed.E. Distinguish the different ways that mammalian and non-mammalian metaboli sms respond to significant reductions in calorie intakeConsider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.2. The passage implies which of the following about the explanation mention ed in the highlighted text?A. There are empirical findings that conflict with a presumption of the exp lanation.B. The explanation predicts that the effect of calorie restriction on longe vity will be the greatest for the species with the highest rate of metabolism.C. The explanation predicts that the effects of calorie restriction will be uniformly positive.P301Animals live longer when their calorie intake is restricted to two-thirds of what is considered normal for their species.当卡路里摄入量被限制在该物种正常水平的三分之二时，动物的寿命变长。
新GRE阅读真题与解析(维C上校 编著)
新GRE阅读真题&解析维C上校·编著【Preface写在前面】发现，在那些日子里，自己做了很多让自己想吐的事情...----那个，还在学校的冬季，和金哥每天早上六七点，穿着羽绒服在操场上早读一个多小时直到要吐；当年备考GRE的时候，每天五点起来，单词一直背到晚上，直到想吐的时候,很多个夜晚，做实验做得太晚，晚上回来，宿舍锁门，不得不从楼梯的阳台翻上宿舍。
晚上健身跑步的时候，跑几公里，直到想吐的时候；在琴房练琴，练到想吐的时候。
我清楚无论怎么练，自己这辈子都不会成为一个伟大的钢琴家，但我知道，无论做什么，是可以活在那种精神里的。
无论在做什么，我都会提醒自己，是在练琴。
日子久了，慢慢懂得，生命里，快乐是一种能力。
很多事，有些人就有能力把那些大多数人感到痛苦、煎熬的事情，做得津津有味，乐在其中。
每一件事，似乎都有它本身的快乐点，于是，似乎我们在这一路的备考过程中，得去快乐去备考。
永远不要轻易的去和别人比较考试后的结果，分数。
而是努力的学会去让这个自己已经选择的路上，更加的快乐，无论是和自己的过去相比，还是和别人相比，那么我愿意相信，最终的某天，暮然回首，你会看到属于你自己的，幸福的泪水。
当年备考GRE的时候，我很想一份这样的阅读资料，可是发现一直没有发现，有些有吧，可是偏偏打上那些irritating的水印！！！讨厌！！于是，我萌生了自己去弄的念头，而且绝无任何水印的痕迹（如果某天你发现有的话，肯定是出问题了。
要么是你有问题，要么是我出问题了，哈哈哈。
）。
于是，你现在看到的这份资料。
如今，暮然回首，一直很想为那些还在追梦，考G的你们做点事情--因为我曾经也走过这条路。
希望可以能为你们做点事情。
在此，祝你们备考快乐，我相信，你会的。
2013·夏季维C上校维多利·广州目录：Part1新GRE OG阅读部分 (3)Part2新GRE Practice book阅读部分 (36)Part3新GRE PP II阅读部分 (55)Part4新GRE阅读解析 (72)【注】由于ppII中，第二部分的内容会取决于你做第一部分的正确率，于是大家的第二部分的内容可能不同。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题精选5篇
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题精选5篇GRE的阅读考生非常注重逻辑关系，所以大家要多写一些新GRE逻辑阅读练习题，快来一起学习吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题For each of Questions 1-3, select one answer choice unless otherwise instructed. Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following reading passage.Paule Marshall's Brown Girl, Brownstones (1959) was a landmark in the depiction of female characters in Black American literature. Marshall avoided the oppressed and tragic heroine in conflict with White society that had been 5 typical of the protest novels of early twentieth century.Like her immediate predecessors, Zora Neale Hurston and Gwendolyn Brooks, she focused her novel on an ordinary Black woman's search for identity within the context of a Black community. But Marshall extended the 10 analysis of Black female characters begun by Hurston and Brooks by depicting her heroine's development in terms of the relationship between her Barbadian American parents, and by exploring how male and female roles were defined by their immigrant culture, which in turn 15 was influenced by the materialism of White America.By placing characters within a wider cultural context, Marshall attacked racial and sexual stereotypes and paved the way for explorations of race, class, and gender in the novels of the 1970's. For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply1. It can be inferred that the author of the passage would describe Brown Girl, Brownstones as being□A highly influenced by novels written in the early wentieth century□B important in the late 1950's but dated today□C an important influence on novels written in the1970's2. According to the passage, Hurston, Brooks, and Marshall are alike in that they○A did not examine the effects of White culture on their characters' lives○B were heavily influenced by the protest novels of the early twentieth century○C used Black communities as the settings for their novels.○D wrote primarily about the difficulties their characters encountered in White culture○E wrote exclusively about female characters and the experiences of women3. The author‘s description of the way in which Marshall depicts her heroine's development is most probably intended to○A continue the discussion of similarities in the works of Bro oks, Hurston, and Marshall○B describe the specific racial and sexual stereo-types that Marshall attacked○C contrast the characters in Marshall's novels with those in later works○D show how Marshall extends the portrayal of character initiated by her predecessors○E compare themes in Marshall's early work with themes in her later novels答案：1. C. 2. C 3 D新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Calculations of the density of alloys based on Bernal-type models of the alloy‘s metal component agreed fairly well with the experimentally determined values from measurements on alloys consisting of a 5 noble metal together with a metalloid, such as alloys of palladium and silicon, or alloys consisting of iron,phosphorus, and carbon, although small discrepancies remained. One difference between real alloys and the hard spheres used in Bernal models is that the 10 components of an alloy have different sizes, so that models based on two sizes of spheres are more appropriate for a binary alloy, for example. The smaller metalloid atoms of the alloy might fit into holes in the dense, random-packed structure of the larger metal atoms.4. The author's speculation about the appropriateness of models using spheres of two sizes for binary alloys would be strongly supported if models using spheres of two sizes yielded○A values for density identical to values yielded by one-sphere models using the smaller spheres only○B values for density agreeing nearly perfectly with experimentally determined values○C values for density agreeing nearly perfectly with values yielded by models using spheres of three sizes○D significantly different values for density depending on the size ratio between the two kinds of spheres used○E the same values for density as t he values for appropriately chosen models that use only medium-sized spheres答案：B新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Questions 5 and 6 are based on the following reading passage.One of the principal themes of Walzer's critique of liberal capitalism is that it is insufficiently egalitarian.Walzer's case against the economic inequality generated bycapitalism and in favor of "a radical redistribution of 5 wealth" is presented in a widely cited essay entitled "In Defense of Equality." The most striking feature of Walzer's critique is that, far from rejecting the principle of reward according to merit, Walzer insists on its validity.People who excel should receive the superior 10 benefits appropriate to their excellence. But people exhibit a great variety of qualities—"intelligence, physical strength, agility and grace, artisticcreativity,mechanical skill, leadership, endurance, memory, psychological insight, the capacity for hard 15 work—even moral strength, sensitivity, the ability to express compassion."Each deserves its proper recompense, and hence a proper distribution of material goods should reflect human differences as measured on all these different scales. Yet, under capitalism, the ability 20 to make money ("the green thumb of bourgeois society") enables its possessor to acquire almost "every other sort of social good," such as the respect and esteem of others. For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply5.The passage provides sufficient information to answer which of the following questions EXCEPT?□A What weight in relation to other qualities should a quality like sensitivity have, according to Walzer, in determining the proper distribution of goods?□B Which quality does Walzer deem too highly valued unde r liberal capitalism?□C Which are the social goods that are, according to Walzer, outside the reach of the power of money?6. The author implies that Walzer's interpretation of the principle of reward according to merit is distinctive for its○A insist ence on maximizing everyone's rewards○B emphasis on equality○C proven validity○D broad conception of what constitutes merit○E broad conception of what constitutes a reward正确答案：5. A C 6. D.新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Questions 7 to 9 are based on the following reading passage.National character is not formally considered by social scientists in discussing economic and social development today. They believe that people differ and that these differences should be taken into account 5 somehow, but they have as yet discovered no way to include such variables in their formal models of economic and social development. The difficulty lies in the nature of the data that supposedly define different national characters. Anthropologists and others are on 10 much firmer ground when they attempt to describe the cultural norms for a small homogeneous tribe or village than when they undertake the formidable task of discovering the norms that exist in a complex modern nation-state composed of many disparate groups. The 15 situation is further complicated by the nature of judgments about character; since such judgments are overly dependent on impressions and since, furthermore, impressions are usually stated in qualitative terms, it is impossible to make a reliable comparison between the national characters of two countries.7. The author's main point in the passage is that national character○A is too elusive to merit attention by anthropologists and other social scientists.○B is of greater interest to social scientists today than it has been in the past.○C is still too difficult to describe with the precision required by many social scientists.○D has become increasingly irrelevant because of the complexity of modern l ift.○E can be described more accurately by anthropologists than by other social scientists. For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply8. It can be inferred from the passage that the social scientists mentioned in the first two sentences would agree with which of the following statements?□A It is extremely difficult to create models that account for both economic and social development□B Models of economic and social development would be improved by the inclusion of adequate descriptions of national character.□C it is important to supplement formal models of economic and social development with qualitative impressions of national character.9. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?○A A problem is presented and reasons for its existence are supplied.○B A controversial view is presented and evidence for its validity is supplied.○C A hypothesis is pres ented and possible means of verifying it are suggested.○D A recent development is described and then analyzed.○E A dispute is summarized and one side defended.正确答案：7. C 8. B. 9. A新GRE逻辑阅读练习题Questions 10 and 11 are based on the following reading passage.It is now established that the Milky Way is far more extended and of much greater mass than was hitherto thought. However, all that is visible of the constituents of the Milky Way's corona (outer edge),where much of the galaxy's mass must be located, is a tiny fraction of the corona's mass. Thus, most of the Milky Way's outlying matter must be dark. Why? Three facts are salient. First, dwarf galaxies and globular clusters, into which most of the stars of the Milky Way's corona are probably bound, consist mainly of old stars. Second, old stars are not highly luminous. Third, no one has detected in the corona the clouds of gaseous matter such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide that are characteristic of the bright parts of a galaxy.10. The passage as a whole is primarily concerned with(A) analyzing a current debate(B) criticizing a well-established theory(C) showing how new facts support a previously dismissed hypothesis(D) stating a conclusion and adducing evidence that may justify it(E) contrasting two types of phenomena and showing how they are related11. Select the sentence that the author implicitly indicates what astronomers believed about the Milky way until fairly recently.正确答案：10. D 11. It is now established...。
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题精选
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题精选规律要点在解GRE阅读是是关键，所以大家要多写一些新GRE 规律阅读练习题，快来一起学习吧，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
新GRE规律阅读练习题The determination of the sources of copper ore used in the manufacture of copper and bronze artifacts of Bronze Age civilizations would add greatly to our knowledge of cultural contacts and trade in that era. Researchers have 5 analyzed artifacts and ores for their concentrations of elements, but for a variety of reasons, these studies have generally failed to provide evidence of the sources of the copper used in the objects. Elemental composition can vary within the same copper-ore lode, usually because of varying admixtures of 10 other elements, especially iron, lead, zinc, and arsenic. And high concentrations of cobalt or zinc, noticed in some artifacts,appear in a variety of copper-ore sources. Moreover, the processing of ores introduced poorly controlled changes in the concentrations of minor and trace elements in the 15 resulting metal. Some elements evaporate during smelting and roasting; different temperatures and processes produce different degrees of loss. Finally, flux, which is sometimes added during smelting to remove waste material from the ore, could addquantities of elements to the final product.20 An elemental property that is unchanged through these chemical processes is the isotopic composition of each metallic element in the ore. Isotopic composition, the percentages of the different isotopes of an element in a given sample of the element, is therefore particularly suitable as an 25 indicator of the sources of the ore. Of course, for this purpose it is necessary to find an element whose isotopic composition is more or less constant throughout a given ore body, but varies from one copper ore body to another or,at least, from one geographic region to another.30 The ideal choice, when isotopic composition is used to investigate the source of copper ore, would seem to be copper itself. It has been shown that small but measurable variations occur naturally in the isotopic composition of copper. However, the variations are large enough only in rare 35 ores; between samples of the common ore minerals of copper, isotopic variations greater than the measurement error have not been found. An alternative choice is lead, which occurs in most copper and bronze artifacts of the Bronze Age in amounts consistent with the lead being derived from the 40 copper ores and possibly from the fluxes. The isotopic composition of lead often varies from one source of common copper ore to another, with variations exceeding the measurement error; and preliminary studies indicatevirtually uniform isotopic composition of the lead from a45 single copper-ore source.While some of the lead found in an artifact may have been introduced from flux or when other metals were added to the copper ore, lead so added in Bronze Age processing would usually have the same isotopic composition as the lead in the copper ore. Lead isotope 50 studies may thus prove useful for interpreting the archaeological record of the Bronze Age.(473 words)4. The author first mentions the addition of flux during smelting in the last sentence in the last paragraph in order to(A) give a reason for the failure of elemental composition studies to determine ore sources(B) illustrate differences between various Bronze Age civilizations(C) show the need for using high smelting temperatures(D) illustrate the uniformity of lead isotope composition(E) explain the success of copper isotope composition analysis For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply5. According to the passage, possible sources of the lead found in a copper or bronze artifact include which of the following?□A The copper ore used to manufacture the artifact□B Flux added during processing of the copper ore□C Other metal added during processing of the copper ore6. Select the sentence in the passage that the author rejects copper as the ideal choice.7. It can be inferred from the passage that the use of flux in processing copper ore can alter the lead isotope composition of the resulting metal EXCEPT when(A) there is a smaller concentration of lead in the flux than in the copper ore(B) the concentration of lead in the flux is equivalent to that of the lead in the ore(C) some of the lead in the flux evaporates during processing(D) any lead in the flux has the same isotopic composition as the lead in the ore(E) other metals are added during processing正确答案：4. A 5. ABC 6. However, the variations are large enough 7. D新GRE规律阅读练习题Traditional research has confronted only Mexican and United States interpretations of Mexican-American culture. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it, passing from 5 a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to, finally, a conquered people—a charter minority on our own land. Whenthe Spanish first came to Mexico, they inter-married with and absorbed the culture of the indigenous 10 Indians. This policy of colonization through acculturation was continued when Mexico acquired Texas in the early 1800‘s and brought the indigenous Indians into Mexican life and government. In the 1820‘s, United States citizens migrated to Texas, attracted by land suitable for cotton. 15 As their numbers became more substantial, their policy of acquiring land by subduing native populations began to dominate. The two ideologies clashed repeatedly,culminating in a military conflict that led to victory for the United States. Thus, suddenly deprived of our parent 20 culture, we had to evolve uniquely Mexican-American modes of thought and action in order to survive.(168 words)1. The author‘s purpose in writing this passage is primarily to(A) suggest the motives behind Mexican and United States intervention in Texas(B) document certain early objectives of Mexican-American society(C) provide a historical perspective for a new analysis of Mexican-American culture(D) appeal to both Mexican and United States scholars to give greater consideration to economic interpretations of history(E) bring to light previously overlooked research on Mexican Americans2. The author most probably uses the phrase charter minority (lines 6-7) to reinforce the idea that Mexican Americans(A) are a native rather than an immigrant group in the United States(B) played an active political role when Texas first became part of the United States(C) recognized very early in the nineteenth centurythe need for official confirmation of their rights of citizenship(D) have been misunderstood by scholars trying to interpret their culture(E) identify more closely with their Indian heritage than with their Spanish heritage3. Which of the following statements most clearly contradicts the information in this passage?(A) In the early 1800‘s, the Spanish committed more resources to settling California than to developing Texas.(B) While Texas was under Mexican control, the population of Texas quadrupled, in spite of the fact that Mexico discouraged immigration from the United States.(C) By the time Mexico acquired Texas, many Indians had already married people of Spanish heritage.(D) Many Mexicans living in Texas returned to Mexico after Texas was annexed by the United States.(E) Most Indians living in Texas resisted Spanish acculturation and were either killed or enslaved.正确答案：C/A/E新GRE规律阅读练习题Until about five years ago, the very idea that peptide hormones might be made anywhere in the brain besides the hypothalamus was astounding. But laboratory after laboratory found that antiserums to peptide hormones, 5 when injected into the brain, bind in places other than the hypothalamus, indicating that either the hormones or substances that cross-react with the antiserums are present.The immunological method of detecting peptide hormones by means of antiserums, however, is 10 imprecise. Cross-reactions are possible and this method cannot determine whether the substances detected by the antiserums really are the hormones, or merely close relatives.Furthermore, this method cannot be used to determine the location in the body where the detected 15 substances are actually produced. New techniques of molecular biology, however, provide a way to answer these questions. It is possible to make specific complementary DNA‘s (cDNA‘s) that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNA‘s 20 (mRNA‘s) of the peptide hormones. The brain cells containing these mRNA‘s can then be isolated and their mRNA‘s decoded to determine just what their protein products are and how closely theproducts resemble the true peptide hormones.(187 words)11. Which of the following titles best summarizes the passage?(A) Is Molecular Biology the Key to Understanding Intercellular Communication in the Brain?(B) Molecular Biology: Can Researchers Exploit Its Techniques to Synthesize Peptide Hormones?(C) The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Immunological Approach to Detecting Peptide Hormones(D) Peptide Hormones: How Scientists Are Attempting to Solve Problems of Their Detection(E) Peptide Hormones: The Role Played by Messenger RNA‘s in Their Detection12. The passage suggests that a substance detected in the brain by use of antiserums to peptide hormones may(A) have been stored in the brain for a long period of time(B) play no role in the functioning of the brain(C) have been produced in some part of the body other than the brain(D) have escaped detection by molecular methods(E) play an important role in the functioning of the hypothalamus13. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as adrawback of the immunological method of detecting peptide hormones?(A) It cannot be used to detect the presence of growth regulators in the brain.(B) It cannot distinguish between the peptide hormones and substances that are very similar to them.(C) It uses antiserums that are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier.(D) It involves a purification process that requires extensive training in endocrinology.(E) It involves injecting foreign substances directly into the bloodstream.答案：D/C/B新GRE规律阅读练习题Biologists have long maintained that two groups of pinnipeds, sea lions and walruses, are descended from a terrestrial bearlike animal, whereas the remaining group, seals, shares an ancestor with weasels. But the 5 recent discovery of detailed similarities in the skeletal structure of the flippers in all three groups undermines the attempt to explain away superficial resemblance as due to convergent evolution—the independent develop-ment of similarities between unrelated groups in10 response to similar environmental pressures. Flippers may indeed bea necessary response to aquatic life,turtles, whales, and dugongs alsohave them. But the common detailed design found among the pinnipeds probably indicates a common ancestor. Moreover,15 walruses and seals drive themselves through the water with thrusts of their hind flippers, but sea lions use their front flippers. If anatomical similarity in the flippers resulted from similar environmental pressures, as posited by the convergent-evolution theory, one 20 would expect walruses and seals, but not seals and sea lions, to have similar flippers.(162 words)1. The author implies that which of the following was part of the long-standing view concerning pinnipeds?□A Pinnipeds are all descended from a terrestrial bearlike animal.□B Pinnipeds share a common ancestor with turtles,whales, and dugongs□C Similarities among pinnipeds are due to their all having had to adapt to aquatic life.2. The author implies which of the following about the fact that turtles, whales, and dugongs all have flippers?○A It can be explained by the hypothesis that turtles,whales, and dugongs are very closely related.○B It can be explained by the idea of convergent evolution.○C It suggests that turtles, whales, and dugongs evolved in separate parts of the world○D It undermines the view that turtles, whales, and dugongs are alldescended from terrestrial ancestors.○E It is the primary difference between turtles, whales,and dugongs, on the one hand, and pinnipeds, on the other.3. Select the sentence in the passage in which the author shows that the implication of the common view is contradicted by a new finding.答案：C/ B /But the common detailed design found among the pinnipeds probably indicates a common ancestor11。