初中英语 动词ing,动词不定式及动词原形
英语六年级ing形式知识点
英语六年级ing形式知识点在英语学习中,动词的ing形式是一个重要的知识点。
它不仅可以用作动词的进行时态,还可以用作名词、形容词和副词。
接下来,我们将详细介绍英语六年级ing形式的相关知识点。
一、动词ing形式的构成动词ing形式是通过在动词原形后加上-ing来构成的。
例如,play变为playing,dance变为dancing。
但也有一些情况需要注意:1. 单闭音节词:如果一个动词是一个单闭音节词(即一个元音字母+一个或多个辅音字母+元音字母),在末尾加字母e时,需要将e去掉再加-ing。
例如,write变为writing,take变为taking。
2. 重读闭音节词:如果一个动词是一个重读闭音节词(即一个元音字母+一个辅音字母+一个元音字母),当末尾只有一个辅音字母时,需要双写这个辅音字母再加-ing。
例如,run变为running,swim变为swimming。
3. 辅音字母+y结尾的词:如果一个动词以辅音字母+y结尾,需要将y变为i,再加-ing。
例如,study变为studying,fly变为flying。
二、动词ing形式的用法1. 进行时态:动词ing形式可以用作动词的进行时态。
例如,He is playing soccer.(他正在踢足球。
)2. 名词用法:动词ing形式可以作为名词使用。
例如,I enjoy swimming.(我喜欢游泳。
)这里的swimming是动名词,表示一个活动或动作。
3. 形容词用法:动词ing形式可以作为形容词使用。
例如,The movie was very exciting.(这部电影非常令人激动。
)这里的exciting表示令人激动的。
4. 副词用法:动词ing形式可以作为副词使用,用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
例如,She ran quickly.(她跑得很快。
)这里的quickly是一个副词,修饰动词ran。
三、动词ing形式的注意事项1. 特殊动词:有一些动词本身就是以ing形式存在的,如go (去)和see(看)。
初中英语语法非谓语动词
基本形式及特征 用法 注意
基本形式
动词原形 + ing
特点
具有名词、动词的一些特征。
用法
1、作主语 Picking apples is much better than having classes. 2、作宾语 (1)只能接动名词做宾语的动词有miss (错过), finish, mind, keep, practice, enjoy, spend ,suggest(建议)等。
F、作定语(必须后置)
I have something to say . It’s the best way to help him .
1、had better 后
2、使让动词 make , let , have 用于主动语态时。 3、感官动词see, hear , watch , feel , notice 用在 “经常”的主动语态时。 4、please 的后面 5、Why not / Why don’t you 后 6、情态动词之后。
注意:不定式短语作主语如果太长,常用it作形式主语,将 不定式后置。除动词be外, 动词take也常thing is to finish the work on
time .
动词不定式
作 C、 宾 语
动词 + to do (下面的11个动词必须准确记忆)
4、作定语
finishing line(终点线)
1、动名词的 复合结构为:
名词所有格 形容词性物主代词
Do you mind _________the window?
a. me to open b. I open
+ 动名词
c
c.my opening
d. mine opening
初中三年级英语语法:非谓语动词
三一文库()/初中三年级〔初中三年级英语语法:非谓语动词〕非谓语动词1.定义:动词除在句子中作谓语以外,还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等,这就是动词的非谓语动词。
可分为三种:动词不定式、分词和动名词。
2.动词不定式:to + 动词原形(在某些情况下可以不带to )。
(没有人称和数的变化,可以有自己的宾语和状语,可以有时态和语态的变化)○1 一般式:主动语态:to do , 被动语态:to be + 动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)○2 进行式:主动语态:to be doing , 被动语态:无(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生) ○3 完成式:主动语态:to have +动词过去分词,被动语态:to have been +动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生)○4 用法:A. 作主语:To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It's not easy to learn a foreign language .B. 作表语:The most important thing is to finish the work on time .C. 作宾语:a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch . (agree, choose, want, hope, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start, afford …)b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don't know where to put the bike .c. 动词+形式宾语(it)+宾补+to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language .D. 作补语:a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . (tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow, encourage…)b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词 He often saw Tom play football .(see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let…)E. 作状语:a. 表示目的:He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果:He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren't old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因:He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F.作定语: I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .○5 动词不定式to 的省略:A. 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役动词have, let, make等后面要省to,但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to。
初中三年全部英语动词不定式和动名词短语汇总
初中三年全部英语动词+doing和+to do 句型全汇总!带动词ing形式1.keep doing坚持做某事2.keep sb.doing使某人一直做某事3.practise doing sth.练习做某事4.enjoy doing喜欢做某事5.finish doing完成做某事6.be afraid of doing害怕做某事be busy doing忙于做某事7.look forward to doing盼望做某事8.how about doing、./what about doing做某事怎么样9.spend some time(in)doing花时间做某事10.spend some money(in)buying花钱做某事11.feel like doing想做某事12.stop/keep/prevent…from doing阻止某人做某事13.thank sb for doing感谢某人做某事14.thanks for doing感谢做某事15.do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 做点饭、打扫一下卫生、读点书、逛逛街、洗洗衣服16.go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating去游泳、钓鱼、逛街、滑冰、划船17.mind doing介意做某事18.can’t help doing情不自禁做某事19.consider doing考虑做某事20.have fun doing sth..做某事有趣21.have difficulty doing sth做某事有困难have trouble doing sth做某事有困难have problem doing sth做某事有困难22.waste time/money doing浪费时间或金钱做某事23.instead of doing代替做某事24.miss doing错过做某事25.hold on to doing坚持做某事26.pay attention to doing集中精力做某事27.suggest doing建议做某事28.It’s time for doing到该做某事的时间了It’s time to do sth.到该做某事的时间了29.There is sb doing sth有人正在做某事30.be used to doing sth习惯做某事31.be used for doing sth被用来做某事32.have a lot of experience具有做某事的丰富经验33sb allow doing sth允许做某事34.put off doing sth推迟做某事35.succeed in doing sth成功做某事36.end up doing以做某事结束37.give up doing放弃做某事含有不带to的动词不定式句型1.had better(not)do sth.最好(不)做某事2.would you please(not)do sth你可以做某事吗?3.why not do sth.为什么不做某事?why don’t you do sth.为什么你不做某事?4.Shall we do sth.?我们要做某事吗?5.let sb do sth.让某人做某事6.make sb.do sth.have sb do sth使某人做某事7.feel sb do sth感觉某人做某事含有带to的动词不定式句型1.It’s time to do sth.该是做某事的时候了2.It takes sb.some time to do sth做某事花了某人时间3.tell/ask/want/encourage/invite/sb.to do sth.告诉、叫、想、鼓励、邀请某人做某事4.Would you like to do sth.?你想做某事吗?5.It’s good/bad to do sth做某事好/不好6.It’s good/bad for sb.to do sth.对某人来说,做某事好/不好7.be+adj.+enough to do sth.足够+形容词做某事8.sb.is ready to do sth.某人准备好做某事9.It’s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人+形容词(做这件事对你好)10.It’s+adj.+of sb.to do sth某人做某事+形容词(你做这事真好)11.would like/love/decide/want/wish/to do sth.想、喜欢、决定、想、希望做某事12.would like/love sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事13.prefer to do rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事例如:I prefer to read rather than write.意思同I prefer reading to writing.又如:I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.再如:prefer=like better,即:I prefer red.=I like red better.14.how/when/where/whether to do sth怎么、什么时候、在哪里、要不要做某事15.can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事16.too…to do…太怎么样而不能做某事17.be afraid/ready/able/sure to do害怕、准备、能够、确定做某事18.It’s time to do sth到该干某事的时候了19.My job is to do sth我的工作是做某事20.My dream is to do sth我的梦想是做某事21.My hobby is to do sth我的业余爱好是做某事22.refuse to do sth拒绝做某事23.warn sb to do sth告诫某人做某事24.pretend to do sth假装做某事25.teach/learn to do sth教做某事、/学习做某事26.need to do sth需要做某事27.be willing to do sth愿意做某事28..try to do sth努力做某事29.try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事30.agree to do sth同意做某事31.seem to do sth好像似乎做某事32.plan to do sth/make a plan to do sth计划做某事33.in order to do sth为了做某事34.have a chance to do sth有机会做某事35.find it+adj+for sb to do sth发现做某事是……36.have sth to do有某事要做37.There is sth for sb to do对某人来说,有某事要做38.be anxious to do渴望做某事39.afford to do sth支付得起做某事两个动作连用,表目的ed to do sth过去常常做某事41.be used to do sth被用来做某事42.be supposed to do sth理应做某事,应该做某事43.allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事44.sb be allowed to do sth某人被允许做某事45.the best way is to do sth最好的方法是做某事46.the next step is to do sth下一步是做某事47.have nothing to do with与某事无关48.the first thing is to do sth第一件事是做某事49.it’s best to do sth最好做某事50.it’s a good time to do sth这是做某事的最好时间it is a good way to do sth做某事是个好的办法51.add to do补充做某事52.urge sb to do催促某人做某事cate sb to do教育某人做某事54.wait for sb to do等待某人做某事55. order sb to do命令某人做某事56.happen to do sth碰巧做某事57.lead sb to do sth领导某人做某事58.it's a good place to do sth这是做某事的好地方59.invite sb to do邀请某人做某事60.get to do sth设计做某事61.expect to do期望做某事62.volunteer to do sth志愿做某事63.offer to do sth主动提供做某事64.have an opportunity to do有机会做某事65.get sb to do sth使某人做某事66.it’s one’s duty to do sth做某事是某人的责任e sth to do sth用某物做某事68.be sure to do sth一定会做某事69.have to do sth不得不做某事70.be able/unable to do sth能够/不能做某事既用带to的动词不定式又用ing形式的句型1. stop to do/doing停下来做另一件事/停止做某事2. forget to do/doing忘记去做某事/忘记做过某事3. remember to do/doing记住去做某事/记得做过某事4.go on to do/doing继续做另一件事/继续做某事5.like to do/doing喜欢做某事(临时/长期)6.love to do/doing喜欢做某事(临时/长期)7.prefer to do/doing更喜欢做某事(临时/长期)8.hate to do/doing讨厌做某事(临时/长期)下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同1. begin to do/doing开始做某事2. start to do/doing开始做某事3. continue to do/doing继续做某事4. go on doing继续做某事5. take turns to do/doing轮流做某事既用不带to的动词不定式又用现在分词的句型用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程;用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。
初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词
初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。
1)不定式a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。
例如:2. worth 的用法worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词,意为"值得"。
1) worth:be worth + n.当名词为金钱时,表示"…… 值得……"常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth(someone’s)while doingbe worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。
2) worthy:be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3) worthwhile:be worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。
典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知,此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。
选C。
动词不定式动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。
初中英语动词后即可以接不定式又可以接动词ing形式
有些动词后接宾语时,既可接不定式,又可接动名词,但有区别。
如1. like to do “喜欢做某事”,指一次性动作。
如I like to swim in this river now.like doing “喜欢做某事”,指习惯性动作。
如I like swimming.类似的还有:dislike to do / doing (“不喜欢做某事”),hate to do / doing (“讨厌做某事”),love to do / doing (“热爱做某事”),prefer to do / doing (“更喜欢做某事”)。
2. remember to do “记得要去做某事”如She remembered to see her parents the next day.remember doing “记得做过某事”如I remembered meeting her yesterday.3. forget to do “忘了要去做某事”如They always forget to have lunch when they are busy.forget doing “忘了做过某事”如I forgot phoning Tom, so I phoned him the second time.4. try to do “试图(尽力)做某事”如He tried to catch the early bus and he got on it at last. try doing “试图(试着)做某事”如I tried getting on well with the new students.5. mean to do “打算做某事” 如Jack meant to help others.mean doing “意味着做某事” 如Drinking means wasting your life.6. need to do “需要做某事” (主语必须是人) 如We need to have a rest.need doing “需要做某事”(主语必须是物) 如The bike needs mending. ( = The bike needs to be mended)7. want to do “想要做某事” (主语必须是人) 如We want to have a rest.want doing “想要做某事”(主语必须是物) 如The bike wants mending. ( = The bike wants to be mended)8. begin to do与begin doing 都译作“开始做某事”,二者可以混用。
动词ing和不定式用法
动词ing和不定式用法在英语学习中,动词 ing 和不定式的用法是一个重要且常让人感到困惑的部分。
理解它们的正确用法对于准确表达意思、构建流畅的句子至关重要。
首先,让我们来看看动词 ing 形式。
动词 ing 形式在句子中可以充当多种成分。
作主语时,它常常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作或状态。
比如,“Swimming is good for your health”(游泳对你的健康有益。
)这里的“swimming”就是一个主语,表示游泳这个整体的活动。
作宾语时,常见的动词后面会接动词 ing 形式。
比如,“I enjoy reading books”(我喜欢读书。
)“enjoy”这个动词后面就需要接动词 ing 形式“reading”。
作定语时,动词 ing 形式可以修饰名词,表示正在进行或主动的动作。
例如,“The sleeping baby is so cute”(那个正在睡觉的宝宝太可爱了。
)“sleeping”修饰“baby”,表示宝宝正在睡觉的状态。
作状语时,它可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果等。
比如说,“Seeing from the top of the mountain, we can have a wonderful view”(从山顶看,我们能看到美妙的景色。
)“Seeing from the top of the mountain”在这里是一个时间状语,表示“当从山顶看的时候”。
接下来,我们再看看不定式。
不定式作主语时,通常表示具体的、一次性的动作。
例如,“To learn a foreign language well is not easy”(学好一门外语不容易。
)作宾语时,有些动词要求接不定式。
比如,“I want to go home”(我想回家。
)“want”后面就接了不定式“to go”。
作定语时,不定式通常表示将要发生的动作。
例如,“I have a lot of work to do”(我有很多工作要做。
初中英语语法专题七 非谓语动词
2.不定式的句法作用 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用,它 可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语 等。 (1)作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将 真正的主语放在句末,It+be+形容词+(for sb.)+动 词不定式。
It's important (for us) to protect the environment. (对我们来说)保护环境是很重要的。 注:当在 kind,good,nice,clever 等表示人的品 质的形容词后,不用 for 而用 of。 It's very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好 啦。
Please try to do better next time. 请下次设法做得更 好些。 He tried speak ing English to us. 他试着用英语和我 们谈话。
Go on to do the other exercise after you finish this one. 做完这个练习题后,接着做另一个练习题。 Go on doing the exercise after a short rest. 休息一会儿之后继续做练习。
其后既可以接动词 -ing形式,也可接动词不定 式 的动词及动词词组 有love, like, prefe r, be gin, s tart, continue, remembe r,try, s top, forget, hate,need,allow,go on等。
介词后接动词-ing形式的动词短语有 keep...from,stop...from,make a contribution to, look forward to,spend...(in),be afraid of,be proud of,be used for,feel like,give up,be interested in,put off等。
英语语法详解 动词不定式与动词ing形式的区别
英语语法详解动词不定式与动词ing形式的区别动词不定式和动词-ing形式都具有名词,形容词和副词的性质,在句中都可以作主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语和补语。
1.作主语和表语的区别一般来说,动词-ing形式多表示泛指的,抽象的,经常性的动作;而动词-ing形式多表示具体的行为,尤其是将来的行为。
Smoking is forbidden in the hospital. 医院里禁止吸烟。
(泛指的行为)To go swimming today is a good idea. 今天去游泳是个好主意。
(具体的行为)Her job is looking after the children. 她的工作是照看孩子们。
(经常性的行为)Her job today is to look after the children. 她今天的工作是照看孩子们。
(具体的行为)2.作宾语的区别⑴有些动词通常只跟动词不定式,而不跟动词-ing形式作宾语,常用的动词有:ask(要求)demand(要求)decide(决定)determine(决定)hope(希望)hope(希望)wish(希望)expect(期盼)long(渴望)desire(期望)fail(未能够)refuse(拒绝)threaten(威胁)pretend(假装)promise(允诺)undertake(允诺)agree(同意)afford(负担得起)arrange(安排)attempt(试图)choose(选择)learn(学习)plan(计划)offer(提供)manage(设法做到)等We decided to attend the meeting. 我们决定参加会议。
He promised to come back early. 他答应早点回来。
⑵有些动词通常只跟动词-ing形式作宾语,而不跟动词不定式作宾语,常用的动词有:advise(建议)suggest(建议)recommend(建议)permit(允许)allow(允许)enjoy(喜欢)feel like(喜欢,想要)appreciate (欣赏,感激)forgive(原谅)excuse(原谅)avoid(避免)escape (逃脱)miss(错过)resist(抵制)mind(介意)deny(否认)risk (冒险)consider(考虑)imagine(想象)delay(推迟)put off (推迟)admit(承认)finish(完成)keep(继续)practice(练习)include(包括)等。
初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法
动词不定式用法英语动词的非谓语形式为三种:动词不定式、动名词和分词。
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其否定形式是not to+do。
其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。
1.作主语可以直接作主语。
如:To see is to believe.但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。
如:It's useful for us to help other people.It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is +adj.(+for sb)+to do sth.或It is +n.(名词)+to do sth.句型中,it仅作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式。
2.作宾语a.want,decide ,agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。
如:We agreed to start early.She wants to be a doctor.b.love,like ,begin,start,hate 等词后面可以接不定式。
点击规律:上述动词后面除接不定式外,还可以接动名词,意思无很大区别。
提示板:like doing指经常性动作,而like to do指一次性的动作。
如:I like swimming,but I don't like to swim now.我喜欢游泳,但我现在不想游。
c.stop,forget,remember,go on ,try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。
点击规律:上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。
提示板:1)stop to do sth.:停止一件事,去做另一件事。
初中英语语法非谓语动词
作定语:1,前置定语表示已经完成
2,后置定语表示被动
精品PPT
精品PPT
Байду номын сангаас
Looking at a crowded street Listening to my own heart beat So many people all around the world Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand before I’m old Show me what love is - haven’t got a clue Show me that wonders can be true They say nothing lasts forever We’re only here today Love is now or never Bring me far away Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand and hold me Show me what love is - be my guiding star It’s easy take me to your heart Standing on a mountain high Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky I should go and see some friends But they don’t really comprehend Don’t need too much talking without saying anything All I need is someone 精w品hoPPTmakes me wanna sing
(完整版)英语动词ing的用法
-ing分词的构成1-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。
-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化,通常有下表几种形式(以do为例):一般式完成式主动形式doing 主动形式having done被动形式being done 被动形式having been done-ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。
如:Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.不知道他的地址,我只好在家里等着。
His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。
2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式:-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。
如:Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生,他对书本很感兴趣。
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格。
3. -ing分词的被动式:-ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。
根据-ing分词动作发生的时间,-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。
如:The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后,他把烟戒了。
注意:在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后,作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。
初中英语动词不定式
表语
主语+系动词+表语 His wish is to become a scientist. Our duty is to protect the environment.
判断: His wish is becoming a scientist. Our duty is protecting the environment.
特殊句式: 在find/feel+it+adj.+ to do sth.句型中,it是形式宾语,
真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
The man found it difficult to get to sleep.
I feel it easy to recite the text.
宾语补足语 (1)在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to:
宾语
I would like to see your photos.
Kevin planned to visit his uncle.
类似词:
want, agree, hope, decide, agree,
start, begin, love, like, hate, prefer等。
注意: 斜体既可以to do 也可以doing ,但区别不大
They brought in photos of their families for me to look at.
b. 原因状语: 放在sorry, glad, surprised, disappointed,
excited等词后面。如:
I am glad to see you here.
I am sorry to trouble you.
初中英语动词不定 式
用动词ing还是用不定式
用动词-ing形式还是用动词不定式英语中有些及物动词后既可跟动词的-ing形式作宾语,也可跟动词不定式作宾语,但二者意义不同。
请体会下面几例:1.stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来(正在干的活)做另一件事如:She stopped crying.她停止了啼哭。
She stopped to talk to her.他停下来和她谈话。
2.go on doing sth.继续做某事 go on to do sth.继续做另外一件事如:Although it was late,the workers went on working hard.尽管天很晚了,工人们仍继续努力工作。
After he finished planting the trees,he went on to water the flowers.他种完树后,又继续浇水。
3.remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记着要做某事如:I remember locking the door.我记得已经锁上门了。
Remember to lock the door when you leave.请记住离开时要锁门。
4.hear / see sb. doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事 hear / see sb. do sth.听见/看见某人做了某件事(此处do 为不带to 的不定式)如: We heard the little girl singing an English song.我们听见这小女孩正在唱一首英文歌曲。
We heard the little girl sing an English song.我们听见这小女孩唱了一首英文歌曲。
I saw him picking apples.我看见他正在摘苹果。
I saw him pick a lot of apples.我看见他摘了许多苹果。
八年级英语动词不定式用法梳理
八年级英语动词不定式用法梳理动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带to,动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
不定式保留动词的某些特性,可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语,叫作不定式短语。
一、用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多,多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。
动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首,复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。
如:1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems.2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.3.How to learn English well is important.4.To see is to believe.(眼见为实;百闻不如一见)二、用作表语动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。
如:1.The best way is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully.三、用作宾语1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree),期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know),希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。
如:1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.3)Id love to visit Mexico.2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...,介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语,但why后面的不定式不带to。
重点初中英语动词后面接ing和不定式的总结
can’thelpdoingsth情不自禁做某事‘
seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事
lookforwardtodoingsth期望做某事
spend+时间或者金钱+(in)+doingsth花费时间或者金钱做某事
beworthdoingsth值得做某事
begoodatdoingsth
stoptodosth停止(某事)去做另一件事
动词不定式的词
want(sb)todosth想要(某人)做某事
choosetodosth选择做某事
agreetodosth同意做某事
expecttodosth期待做某事
wish/hopetodosth希望做某事
decidetodosth决定做某事
prefertodosth更喜欢做某事
元音字母开头却用a的词usefulusedusual(unusual要用an)universityEuropean
辅音字母开头却用an的词hourhonesthonro
bewellindoingsth擅长于做某事
succeedindoingsth成功做成某事
havesomedifficulty(trouble,problem)doingsth做某事有困难
insteadofdoingsth而不是做某事
stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事
stopdoingsth停止做某事
tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事
failtodosth没能做成某事
daretodosth敢于做某事
encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人做某事
inordertodosth为了做某事
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• start/begin doing sth start/begin to do • like doing sth. like doing sth. • 动词ing在句中作主语和表语。 1.Seeing is believing. 2. Eating too much is bad for your health. 3. My job is teaching you English..
固定结构中用Ving
• have some problems(difficulty,trouble) doing sth 他在说英语这方面有困难。 He has difficulties speaking English. • spend…doing sth • be busy doing 他忙于网聊呢。 He is busy chatting on line. • prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 他老妈不准他周末出去。 His mother prevents him from going out on weekends.
• can’t help (to) do不能帮助做某事; can’t help doing禁不住做某事。 • stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停下来去做某事 • See /hear /watch /notice do sth看见/听见/ 注意到某人常做某事或看见某人做了某事 See /hear /watch /notice doing sth看见/听 见/注意到某人正做某事
• succeed in doing 成功做某事 • 他成功地做了个蛋糕。 • He succeed in making a cake. • How/What about doing sth • instead of doing sth 而不是做某事 他没回家而是去他阿姨家了。 Instead of going home, he went to his aunt’s. • pay attention to doing 集中注意做某事 他集中全部注意力追女孩子。 He pay full attention to chasing girls. • prefer doing to doi+Ving • finish, mind, enjoy, keep, miss, hate, continue, imagine, advise
practice, consider, suggest,
• 我讨厌做作业。 I hate doing homework. • 我介意朋友骗我。 I mind my friends cheating me. • 他天天练习打游戏。 He practices playing games every day. • 我想念逛街。 I miss going shopping. • 别一直讲话。 Don’t keep talking.
• ★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do • ★准备做某事get/be ready to do 我准备好考试了。 I am ready to take the test. • ★尽力/努力做某事try to do sth • ★计划做某事plan to do sth. • ★不得不have to do • ★轮流做某事take one’s turns to do sth. We take turns to clean the classroom. • ★告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. • ★请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.
• be worth doing 值得做某事 这件外套值得买。 the coat is worth buying. • feel like doing 想要做某事 爸爸想要抽烟。 Father feels like smoking. • have fun doing sth, have a great time doing sth • end up doing 以做…结束 这个聚会以唱一首歌结束。 The party ends up singing a song. • go shopping/ swimming /reading/… • do some cleaning/speaking/… • No smoking/parking.
带to的动词不定式常见搭配
• ★希望做某事hope to do sth. • ★决定做某事decide to do sth. • ★同意做某事agree to do sth. 他同意明天去钓鱼。 He agree to go fishing tomorrow. • ★需要某人做某事need to do sth. • ★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth 用牙刷刷牙 use toothbrush to brush the teeth
介词+Ving
• thanks for/you for doing sth 感谢你让我搭顺风车。 Thanks for giving me a ride. • think about doing 我考虑着出去玩一会。 I think about going out to play for a while. • be good at doing sth 他擅长打架。 He is good at fighting. • do well in doing sth 她很会说英语。 She dose well in speaking English.
重点短语
• Kind of 稍微,有点儿 all kinds of 各种各样 every kind of, many kinds of, different kinds of • either…or…或者……或者…… • neither…nor…既不……也不…… • take a seat 就坐 • home cooking 家常做法 • be famous for , be famous as
• stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 她阻止她儿子打游戏。 She stops her son from playing games. • look forward to doing sth期待做某事 我期待去你家。 I look forward to visiting your home. • be used to doing sth 他习惯于裸睡。 He is used to sleeping without putting on any clothes. • devote to doing sth 致力于做某事 The teacher devote to teaching. 老师致力于教书。
接动词原形的搭配
• make sb do sth 让某人做某事 • notice sb do sth注意到某人做某事 我注意到Susan今天没来学校。 I noticed Susan not come to school today. • let sb do sth 让某人做某事 • have sb do sth 让/使某人做某事 老师让Susan去扫教室。 The teacher has Susan clean the classroom. • help sb do (to do) sth帮助某人做某事
• ★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. • ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth. 妈妈想要我不要看电视。 My mom wants/would like me not to watch TV. • ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. • ★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth. 鸟妈妈教小鸟捉虫。 The mother bird teaches little birds to catch worms. • ★喜欢/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. 我不喜欢爸爸喝酒。 I don’t like my father to drink. • ★encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做 • 学校鼓励学生早点来。 The school encourages students to come to school early.
• give up doing • find sb doing 发现某人正在做某事 我发现他正患感冒。 I find him having a cold. • can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事 我情不自禁笑起来。 I can’t help laughing. • put off doing 推迟做某事 他推迟去医院。 He puts off going to hospital. • keep on doing 坚持做 要坚持练习钢琴啊。 Please keep on practicing piano.
•
四、动词doing可以用作状语,表示时间、 原因、方式和伴随情况 1. The old woman took a baby in her arms, ____(look) at the blue sky. 2. There is a dog ____(lie) on the ground. 3., ____(laugh and talk )they went into the room. • 4. All night long she lay awake, ____(think )of the problem.
有些动词后既可以接不定式又可以 接动名词,但意思完全不一样
• 1. remember(forget) to do记着(忘记)去 做某事(未做); remember(forget) doing记着(忘记)做 过某事(已做); • 2. go on to do做过一件事后,接着做另外 一件时; go on doing继续做原来做的那件时; • 3. try to do努力、企图做某事; try doing实验、试着做某事;