英语专四语法总结

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专四必考语法

专四必考语法一、时态、语态1.表达将来时的形式：(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般现在时代替将来时，但要注意区别从句的类型，如：I’ll tell him when you will ring again. (宾语从句) 比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again. (状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，如：See to it that you include i n the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式)2.完成时是时态测试的重点，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语：(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。

如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况)(2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，主句用将来完成时。

如：By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months，主句用现在完成时, 但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中，主句更多的时候不用完成时。

英语专四语法考点总结

一、语法部分考查重点1、虚拟语气的考点为： would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时；It is vital／ necessary／ important／ urgent／ imperative／ desirable／advisable／ natural／ essential＋that＋（should）动词原形；proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时；lest＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that＋would＋动词原形。

2、状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even if／so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导的时间状语从句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。

3、独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现。

4、情态动词多与完成时形式连用。

5、定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。

二、词汇部分考查重点1、动词、名词与介词的搭配如：popular／patient＋with；yield／solution／adapt／transfer／access＋to；accuse／require＋of；charge＋for；under＋discussion等等。

2、习惯用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing；be supposed to／have／make sb．＋do等。

3、由同一动词构成的短语如：come，go，set，break等构成的短语。

英语专四语法总结

英语专四语法总结1.主谓一致就近原则1.由并列结构或连词（either…or，neither…nor，not…but，not only…but also，or 等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。

2. 在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。

例句：There is a book and some pens on the desk.桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。

3. 在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。

例句：It is Ma ry’s brother who was injured in the car accident. 是Mary的哥哥在车祸中受伤了。

意义一致原则1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with，no less than，besides，except，but，including 等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。

例句：I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month.我，还有我姐姐，打算下个月去上海。

2. 英语中有一类单、复数同型的词（people，means，sheep，deer，fish 等），其单、复数取决于它在句中的含义。

例句：All of the people in the country have been prepared for thegreat reformation.这个国家的人都已经为大变革做好了准备。

3. 多数情况下，由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式。

我只想说：“多保重！”例句：What I want to say is just “ Take care!”．4. 当主语与all，none，any，some等不定代词、形容词连用时，应根据具体句意，来决定其后的谓语动词的单复数。

专四常考语法点汇总

语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一：从属分句复合句= 主句+从句（1个或1个以上）要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句。

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. （2010，55）A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：（一）条件状语从句：表示条件或假设，通常由以下连词或结构引导：★特别提醒几种不常用的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?（二）让步状语从句：含有“虽然，尽管，即使”之意，主要引导词有：★特别提醒1. 几种不常用的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music.While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了although或though，就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用but，但是though可以和yet 连用。

专四语法详细归纳

2. 以－s结尾的名词做主语的主谓一致 • 疾病名词：单数：arthritis关节炎,bronchitis支气管炎，rickets软骨病，mumps 腮腺炎，diabetes糖尿病可作单数也可作复数： rickets软骨病，measles麻疹 • 游戏名称一般做单数，表示游戏所用镖等意义时用复数 Darts投镖，marbles打弹子游戏 Cards用复数：Cards are not allowed here. • 地理名称国名用单数群山、海峡、瀑布用复数 The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant and animal life. • Scissors, glasses, shorts, trousers一类词单独使用用复数，加上单位词，如a pair of 由单位词单、复数决定 • －ings结尾的名词一般用复数 The clippings of the hedges are usually hurt. • 特例(见语法P33) The only means to achieve success is to appeal to arms. All means have been tried out to increase agricultural production.

4.并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 Egg and milk is a good breakfast. (这里的鸡蛋和牛奶都指一顿早饭，不可分割)
Fish and chips(炸鱼土豆片 ) is a popular supper here. • 当and连接的并列名词词组带有each, every或者many a 等限定词时，随后动词常用单数 Many a man and woman in this community finds himself or herself in need. Every boy and girl in the class is given a copy of the photo. • 主语后跟有由as much as, rather than, more than, no less than, as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except等引导的结构或词组，取决于主语本身形式。

英语专业四级语法重点总结(精)

形容词副词1 前置修饰语的排列顺序可以置于冠词前的形容词(all both such -----冠词,指示形容词,所有格形容词,不定形容词(a an the this your his any some-----------基数词(one 序数词(first------------ 表示性质,状态,质量的形容词(good useful--------------表示大小,长短,形状的形容词----------------表示年龄,新旧,温度的形容词------------表示颜色的形容词---------------------表示国籍,产地,区域的形容词-----------表示材料,用做形容词的名词----------动名词,分词2.后置修饰语由前缀a-构成的形容词3.形容词修饰由some-,any-,every-,no-,-body,-one,-thing等组成的复合不定代词时,必须后置4.enough作形容词修饰名词时既可放前又可放后,但当它作副词修饰形容词或副词时,必须后置5.有些形容词本身就有…比……年长‟,…比……优等的意思这些形容词后面用介词to 而不用than6.much too 作为副词短语修饰形容词或副词,不修饰名词7.more 不能用来修饰比较级8.与名词连用的more of a .. ./ as much of a... / more of a.... 意为更像……9.as much of a……意为称得上,less of a 意为算不上10.none other than(不是别人,正是=no other than11.any/sone/every与other连用时,其后若用可数名词,一般为单数情态动词1.can 用于否定句cannot(helpbut表示不能不,只能(but后跟不带to的动词不定式2.must 表示禁止,一定不要时的否定式为mustn‟t当它表示有把握的推断时意为一定准是时它的否定形式为can‟t3.need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味4.need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事(经常考虚拟语气1.It is (high/about/thetime... 谓语动词用过去式指现在或将来的情况表示早该做某事而现在已经有点晚了2.It is the first(second/thirdtime后的that从句中,谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验3.as if/though 的虚拟要点1 对当时事实的假设,从句谓语用过去式,be动词一律用were2对过去事实的假设,从句谓语用过去完成式3对未来事实的假设,从句谓语用would+动词原型专四语法重点总结比较级比较等级的含义英语中形容词与副词有三个比较等级,即原级,比较级和最高级。

专四语法汇总

专四常考语法点汇总：一．虚拟语气1．虚拟条件句1) 倒装结构：条件句有were, had, should时，可使用倒装结构。

e.g. Were it necessary, I would resign.Had you informed me earlier, I would have come over.Should you meet her, you should not be able to recognize her.2) 错综时间条件句e.g. If I my umbrella with me this morning, I wet now. DA. had taken … would not have beenB. took… should not beC. were to take … would not beD. had taken … should not be3) 无条件的虚拟句：but for, with, without, or, but, otherwise, in case of, what if, etc.2．I wish…/If only句式：与现在事实相反，用were或动词的一般过去式；与过去事实相反，用had+过去分词；表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would/could/should/might+动词原形。

3．as if引导的从句（注意区别事实与假设）Some black clouds are floating in the sky. It looks as if . BA.it might rain B it is going to rain C it would be rainy D it was to rain4．在suggest, order, demand, propose, desire等表示建议、命令、态度等词（包括动词和名词）引导的名词从句中用should+动词原形，should可省。

专四必备语法

专四必备语法一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点：1.表达将来时的形式：(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般现在时代替将来时，但要注意区别从句的类型，如：I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。

(宾语从句)比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。

(状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，如：See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语：(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。

如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，主句用将来完成时。

专四常考语法点汇总

语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一：从属分句复合句= 主句+从句（1个或1个以上）要点1从属分句就是复合句必不可少得组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）与名词性从句。

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目得、条件、让步与方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点 2 状语从句得考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式与时间状语从句上；关系从句得考点集中在关系代词得选择，限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句得区别；名词性从句得考点集中在宾语从句与同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one、(2008, 53)A、whenB、thatC、whichD、what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment、(2008, 55)A、Much thoughB、Much asC、As muchD、Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak、(2008, 54)A、for whichB、for thatC、in thatD、in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____、(2008, 60)A、it could beB、could beC、it wasD、was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left、(2009，60)A、whenB、asC、untilD、than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay、（2010，55）A、WhateverB、WheneverC、WhicheverD、However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing、A、whoB、asC、likeD、that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week、(2005)A、on occasionB、on purposeC、on conditionD、only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A、I got a job as soon as I left university、B、As there was on answer, I wrote again、C、You must do the exercise as I show you、D、Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man、状语从句重点总结：几种不常用得条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first、Suppose it snowed, we would still go、Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?1、几种不常用得让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music、While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them、Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse、For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won、Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited、2、用了although或though，就一定不能再后面得从句中同时用but，但就是though 可以与yet 连用。

(完整word版)英语专业四级考试语法汇总(word文档良心出品)

独立主格结构独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）有两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。

前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。

独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。

独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。

非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。

若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。

这种结构称为“独立结构”。

其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。

非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语，逻辑主语的代词又是主格，故常称为“独立主格”。

“独立结构”在句中起状语作用，相当于状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。

功能独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。

例如：表示时间The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。

Her work being done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。

表示条件The condition being favorable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。

表示原因There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车，我们只好步行。

He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷，所以他把她裹得严严实实的。

表示伴随情况Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。

专四常考语法点汇总

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. （2010，55）A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：几种不常用的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?1. 几种不常用的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music.While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了although或though，就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用but，但是though 可以和yet 连用。

专四常考语法点汇总

语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一：从属分句复合句= 主句+从句（1个或1个以上)要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句。

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等;名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句.要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. when B。

that C. which D。

what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment。

(2008，55）A。

Much though B. Much as C。

As much D。

Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak。

(2008, 54)A. for whichB. for that C。

in that D. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. （2008, 60)A。

it could be B。

could be C. it was D。

was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60）A. when B。

英语专四语法考点总结

3、独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现。

4、情态动词多与完成时形式连用。

5、定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。

2、习惯用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing；be supposed to／have／make sb．＋do等。

3、由同一动词构成的短语如：come，go，set，break等构成的短语。

专四常考语法点汇总

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. （2010，55）A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of causeA. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：几种不常用的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it1. 几种不常用的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music.While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了although或though，就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用but，但是though 可以和yet 连用。

专四常考语法点汇总.doc

语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一：从属分句复合句 = 主句 +从句（ 1 个或 1 个以上）要点1 从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句。

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had tostay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008,60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009 ，60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask meto work overtime withoutpay.（2010，55）A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ thathe paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if 9Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of causeA. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was onanswer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：（一）条件状语从句：表示条件或假设，通常由以下连词或结构引导：If 如果unless 如果不；除非as long as 只要so long as 只要on condition that条件是in the event that 如果，在的情况下provided/providing that 假如given that 如果suppose/supposing that 假如assuming (that ) 假如say 假如★特别提醒几种不常用的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it（二）让步状语从句：含有“虽然，尽管，即使”之意，主要引导词有：though/although 虽然even if/even though 即使no matter + 疑问词无论疑问词 +ever 无论in spite of the fact that 尽管while 尽管much as 不管尽管for all that 尽管as/though granted/granting (that ) 虽然，尽管★特别提醒1.几种不常用的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music. While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties,he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了 although 或 though ，就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用but ，但是though 可以和 yet 连用。

英语专业四级语法汇总

语法回顾篇专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。

专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点）考点1. 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用did(be用were)，主句谓语动词would(should,could,might)+do；考点2. 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用had done，主句谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+ have done；例如：43.I _________the party much more if there hadn‟t been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren‟tB. hasn‟t beenC. hadn‟t beenD. wouldn‟t考点3.与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用：did(should+do或were + to do)，主句谓语动词用：would(should,could,might)+do。

例如：43. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.(08年）• A. shall need C. would need• B. should need D. will need考点4. 时态的交叉现象，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段例如：If you had gone to see the doctor，you would be all right now.你要是早去看病,你现在就没事了。

专四备考资料词汇语法总结

专四备考资料词汇语法总结一、词汇部分。

1. abandon [əˈbændən]（动词）- 释义：放弃；抛弃；放纵。

- 例句：Don't abandon your dreams easily.（不要轻易放弃你的梦想。

）2. ability [əˈbɪləti]（名词）- 释义：能力；才能。

- 例句：He has the ability to solve difficult problems.（他有解决难题的能力。

）3. abnormal [æbˈnɔːml]（形容词）- 释义：反常的；不正常的。

- 例句：The weather is abnormal this year.（今年的天气很反常。

）4. aboard [əˈbɔːd]（副词/介词）- 释义：在（船、飞机、车）上；上船；登机。

- 例句：All passengers aboard the plane are required to fasten their seat belts.（飞机上的所有乘客都被要求系好安全带。

）5. abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ]（动词）- 释义：废除；废止（法律、制度、习俗等）- 例句：They decided to abolish the old rules.（他们决定废除旧规则。

）二、语法部分。

1. 时态。

- 一般现在时。

- 结构：主语+动词原形（第三人称单数加 -s或 -es）- 用法：表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态或客观事实。

- 例句：He often goes to school by bike.（他经常骑自行车去上学。

）- 一般过去时。

- 结构：主语+动词的过去式。

- 用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

- 例句：I saw him yesterday.（我昨天见到他了。

）- 现在进行时。

- 结构：主语+am/is/are+动词的 -ing形式。

- 用法：表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。

专四语法重点总结

专四语法重点总结一、代词、名词、数次1. 在使用两个以上的人称代词时顺序是:第二人称第三人称第一人称2. everyone后面不可以跟of短语every one 就可以3. 以‘名词/动名词+介词（短语）/形容词/副词/动词不定式’构成的复合名词，它的复数形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复数直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数以‘man 或者woman+名词’构成的复合名词的复数形式是将两个组成部分全变成复数以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式如：homework4. 物质名词一般不可数，但用于表示‘各种不同品种’时几乎都可做可数名词如：different teas5. 当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种’或‘某一方面’的抽象概念时其前可加a/an6. 名词所有格要点：必须用’s的场合1 )’s属格用于表示时间，度量衡，价值的名词之后2 ) 作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加’s3) 人或物为两人共有，在第二个名词后加’s4 )当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物如商店，住家，教堂，医院等，此名词常省略5) 复合名词在最后一个词后加’s6) 当被修饰的名词后有同位语时，必须用’s7) 当用来表示类别或属性时，要用’s children’s shoes 儿童鞋必须用of的场合1) 名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时2) 以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时7. 如果dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million前有基数词以表示确切数目时，都不能用复数形式如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时，须用复数，而且后面加of8.表示顺序的两种方式：1)‘名词+基数词’，不用冠词，如Chapter four2) ’the+序数词+名词‘如the Fourth Chapter9. 倍数增减的表示法1) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词+as3) 倍数+名词4) 动词+百分比或倍数5) 动词+to+数词6) double/triple/quadruple+名词7) 动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数10. 分数分子为基数词，分母为序数词分母除了在分子为一的其他情况下为复数11. 百分比后接名词时加of二、形容词、副词1 前置修饰语的排列顺序可以置于冠词前的形容词（all both such) -----冠词，指示形容词，所有格形容词，不定形容词（a an the this your his any some)-----------基数词（one ) 序数词（first)------------ 表示性质，状态，质量的形容词（good useful)--------------表示大小，长短，形状的形容词----------------表示年龄，新旧，温度的形容词------------表示颜色的形容词---------------------表示国籍，产地，区域的形容词-----------表示材料，用做形容词的名词----------动名词，分词2．后置修饰语由前缀a-构成的形容词3．形容词修饰由some-,any-,every-,no-,-body,-one,-thing等组成的复合不定代词时，必须后置4．enough作形容词修饰名词时既可放前又可放后，但当它作副词修饰形容词或副词时，必须后置5．有些形容词本身就有‘比……年长’，‘比……优等的意思这些形容词后面用介词to 而不用than6．much too 作为副词短语修饰形容词或副词，不修饰名词7．more 不能用来修饰比较级8．与名词连用的more of a .. ./ as much of a... / more of a.... 意为更像……9．as much of a……意为称得上，less of a 意为算不上10．none other than(不是别人，正是）=no other than11．any/sone/every与other连用时，其后若用可数名词，一般为单数三、情态动词、虚拟语气1．can 用于否定句cannot(help)but表示不能不，只能（but后跟不带to的动词不定式）2．must 表示禁止，一定不要时的否定式为mustn’t 当它表示有把握的推断时意为一定准是时它的否定形式为can’t3．need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味4．need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事（经常考）虚拟语气1．It is (high/about/the)time... 谓语动词用过去式指现在或将来的情况表示早该做某事而现在已经有点晚了2．It is the first(second/third)time后的that从句中，谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验3．as if/though 的虚拟要点1) 对当时事实的假设，从句谓语用过去式，be动词一律用were2)对过去事实的假设，从句谓语用过去完成式3)对未来事实的假设，从句谓语用would+动词原型五、比较级比较等级的含义:英语中形容词与副词有三个比较等级，即原级，比较级和最高级。