翻译 12.9

汉译英 中华民族的传统文化，博大精深，源远流长。 早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的 儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及 其他许多在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学 派。这就是有名的诸子百家。
4.4.2 词义修辞格
A: simile; metaphor; allusion 1. Today，the Warsaw Pact is not even a paper tiger, and the notion of a protracted nuclear war has become a sick joke. 今天，《华沙条约》连纸老虎也称不上了，而“持久战的核 战争”这一概念也已成为令人厌烦的笑谈。 2. All world is a stage。and all the men and women merely players．(William Shakespeare） 整个世界是一个舞台，所有的男男女女不过是一些演员。 (朱生豪译) 3. It is regrettable that our appeal remained a dead letter． 遗憾的是，我们当时的呼吁石沉大海。 4. I am no Hamlet． 我绝不犹豫。
3. 释义法 His income derived from illicit activities--- book-making， gambling，Shylocking，and questionable union activities. 他的经济收入来源于一些非法活动—— 赛马登记赌注、赌博、 放高利贷和一些可疑的工会活动。 He is a Hooligan． 他是个流氓 The old man said that he Was an Epicurean for all his life． 这位老人说他一辈子都是享乐主叉者， The manager looked relieved but still serious；he concluded now that I was a son of Baron Rothschild or a young Gould． 经理显然松了口气．但仍然一本正经．他现在又断定我要么是 富家子弟要么是阔少爷。
பைடு நூலகம்
Exercises: There are a lot of good heads in the university. 这所大学拥有许多优秀的头脑。(synecdoche ) The ham sandwich is waiting for his check. 那位买火腿三明治的顾客正在等候结账。(metonymy) Some mute inglorious Milton here may rest. 某个沉默的、无名诗人也许在此长眠。 a dizzy height; a sleepless bed 令人眼晕的高度 寝不安枕 They prolonged the clasp for the photographers, exchanging smiling words. 他们延长握手的时间，让摄影师照相，同时微笑着交谈。
专有名词的翻译
一、人名的翻译 1. 音译法 Ellen，Alice, Salinas John D. Rockefeller, Sr. John D. Rockefeller, Jr. 2. 音译加注法 所谓音译加注指音译后附加解释性的注释，注释可 长可短，可采用文中注释，也可采用脚注，还可二 者并用。
Homework
中方主张，当务之急是防止朝鲜半岛紧张局势升级， 决不能再做火上浇油的事情，有关方面应保持冷静 克制，推动事态重新回到对话谈判的轨道上来。 China said that the most pressing task now is to prevent any escalation of the tension on the Korean Peninsula and nothing should be done to inflame the situation. "The parties concerned should keep calm and exercise restraint, and work to bring the situation back onto the track of dialogue and negotiation,"
Homework: 英译汉 The most important fact in Washington’s failure on Thursday to be re-elected for the fist time since 1947 to the UN Human Rights Commission is that it was America’s friends, not its enemies, that engineered the defeat. After all, the likes of China and Cuba and the other targets of US-led criticism in the committee were always going to vote and lobby against Washington; the shock came in the fact that the European and the other Western nations that traditionally ensured U.S. re-election turned their backs on Washington. That such a scenario would unfold on this particular vote at this particular time was entirely unpredictable, but that the U.S. would at some point find itself shunned by its allies in the international forum may have been inevitable.
中方还建议于１２月上旬在北京举行六方会谈团长 紧急磋商，希望这一磋商有助于缓和当前紧张局势， 为重启六方会谈创造条件。我们将继续做出努力， 推动各方共同维护半岛和东北亚地区的和平稳定 China proposed to hold emergency consultations among the heads of delegation to the six-party talks in Beijing in early December, hoping “emergency talks ” will help ease the current tension and create conditions for the resumption of the six-party talks". “We will make continued/concerted/joint efforts to encourage all parties to work together to maintain/safeguard/keep peace and stability on the Peninsula and in Northeast Asia," Yang said.
1. Hygeia herself would have fallen sick under such a regimen；and how much more this poor old nervous lady? 按照这样的养生之道,别说这可怜的老太太了,连健康 女神哈奇亚也会生病。 (哈奇亚(Hygeia)是希腊神话中的健康士神) It is true that the enemy won the battle, but theirs is but a Pyrrhic victory． 敌人确实赢得了战斗，但他们的胜利只是皮洛士的胜 利，得不偿失。 (皮洛士(Pyrrus)是古希腊伊庇鲁新国王，曾率兵至意 太利与罗马交战，虽打败罗马军队，但付出惨重代价， 由此人们常以“皮洛士式的胜利”一词来借喻悔痛的 代价 )
Exercises:
Many Chinese people feel a little bit puzzled when they see a series of events that the US government seems to have taken a more confrontational approach toward China. 译文一：当中国人在发生的一系列事件中看到美国 政府似乎对中国采取了更加对抗的态度时，他们很 多人都感到有些迷惑。 译文二：许多中国人感到困惑不解，因为他们看到 了一系列的事件，说明美国政府似乎采取了更加对 抗的方式，来对待中国。
4.4 英语修辞格
4.4.1 音韵修辞格
4.1 onomatopoeia; alliteration; assonance
(1) We are marching backwards to the glorious age of the 16th century when bigots lighted faggots to burn the men who dared to bring any intelligence and enlightenment and culture to the human mind. (2)His great gaunt figure filled the cabin door. (3)The cart rattled down the street. (4)Presently there came the click of high-heeled shoes.
2. On the average, male students score higher on tests that measure mathematical reasoning, mechanical ability, and problem solving skills. 译文一：总的来说，男生在数学推理、机械 技术和解决问题等方面的测试中成绩较高。 译文二：总的说来，男生成绩测试较高的有 数学推理、机械技术和解决问题的技巧。
1. There will come a day when people the world over will live a happy life under the sun of socialism. 译文一：全世界人民在社会主义阳光下过幸 福生活的一天是会到来的。 译文二：终究有一天，世界人民将在社会主 义阳光下过着幸福的生活。
B: synecdoche \metonymy \antonomasia \transferred epithet “...saying that it was the most beautiful tongue in the world,...” Many eyes turned to a tall,20—year black girl on the U.S. team. Many hands make light work. The pen is mightier than the sword. His joke set the whole table in a roar. The world knows his worth. Some mute inglorious Shelley here may rest. John threw a nervous glance at his brother.