教案7：风格与翻译

Style and Translation

风格与翻译

1. What is style?

According to A Dictionary of Literary Terms, style is "the characteristic manner of expression in prose or verse; how a particular writer says things. The analysis and assessment of style involves examination of a writer's choice of words, his figures of speech, the devices (rhetorical and otherwise), the shape of sentences (whether they be loose or periodic), the shape of paragraphs--indeed, of every conceivable aspect of his language and the way in which he uses it."

--J. A. Cuddon, 1979 Style is the essential characteristic of every piece of writing, the outcome of the writer's personality and his emotions at the moment, and no single paragraph can be put together without revealing in some degree the nature of its author.

--Theodore Savory, 1957 Style is the man himself. -- de Buffon

“风格即是本人。”——布封（法国）

The word style has several senses: it refers to a writer's habitual way or peculiar way of using language, or the prevalent features of the language of a certain perod, or the characteristic aspects of the language of a certain type of writing. It may also mean grace or elegance in writing, as in "He has no style."

——丁往道：《英语写作手册》According to formality, the style can be divided into five types:

Frozen Style (庄严的语体)

Formal Style (正式的语体)

Consultative Style (商议性语体)

Casual Style (随意的语体)

Intimate Style (亲密的语体)

-- Martin Joos: The Five Clocks 2. 什么是翻译风格？

What is translation style?

“翻译风格，又称…译文风格‟（有时亦指…译者风格‟），是指译者在翻译实践中所表现出来的艺术特色和创作个性，具体体现为译者选择题材的口味、所遵循的翻

译标准、采用的翻译方法以及译文语言的表现手法等特点。”

3. 影响翻译风格形成的因素：

首先，翻译风格受译者自身风格的影响。译者个人的性格气质、学识休养、工作态度、表现手法、语言特色以及翻译的目的等因素都会对翻译的风格产生影响。

其次，翻译风格受翻译客体——源语文本的影响。

第三，翻译风格受译者所处的特定时代或特定社会文化环境的影响。

4. Can style be translated?

思考题：1）风格绝对不可译吗？2）风格百分之百可译吗？3）如何看待风格不可译问题？

比较中肯的说法是，风格在一定程度上是可译的，但要做到完全地、百分之一百的复制原作的风格是不可能完成的任务。

4.1 风格是可以传译的。

1）正确理解原文，忠实传达风格

例：“If you say so,” Mace said skeptically. “But from where I‟m sitting, you sound more like a salesman than a scientist.”

译文1：“你可以这么说，”梅斯不信任地说道：“可在我听来，你与其说像个科学家，不如说像个推销员。”

译文2：“这是你说的，” 梅斯的口气充满了怀疑。“不过在我听来，你倒是像个生意人，不像个搞科学的。”

2）力争形神皆似，追求风格对等

例：

A thousand moustaches can live together, but not four breasts.

译文1：一千个男人可以住在一起，两个女人却不行。

译文2：千条汉子能共处，两个婆娘难相容。

例1：

Pays as he speaks, my dear child—through the nose. （成语pay through the nose是肯出大价钱的意思）

译文1：报酬正如他说话，我亲爱的孩子—是从鼻子里。

译文2：他花钱也跟他说话一样，他是说大话，也是使大钱的。

例2：I would add, that to me she seems to throw herself away.

译文1：我要加上一句，我觉得她似乎是自暴自弃。

译文2：那我就得再添上一句说，我看，她这是把自己这朵鲜花插在牛粪上。