政治经济活动英文词汇
英语口译政治经济词汇
口译分类词汇--政治政府按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment. 不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency不进则退no progress simply means regression不良贷款non- performing loans不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets不再经商no longer engage in trade财政偿还能力our ability to service debt财政的承受能力financial capacity财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production产业升级upgrade industries长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长期国债long-term government bonds常务委员Standing Committee member车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM)城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns城镇社会保障体系urban social security system城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export出口配额export quotas传统产业conventional industries创新体系an innovation system垂直管理vertical management从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village”存款准备金reserves against deposit大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope贷款质量5级分类办法five-category assets classification for bank loans邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory低水平重复建设low-level redundant development滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度 a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions电视会议televised meeting调控宏观经济运行regulate operation of the macroeconomy调整出口退税adjustments in the level of export tax rebates调整投资结构和经济结构the restructuring of investment and the economy堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility对中西部地区适当倾斜appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利achieve great victory in the fight against floods发挥出最大的效益produce the best possible results发挥最大的使用效益yield the greatest returns on investment反对铺张浪费combat extravagance and waste防范和化解金融风险guard against and defuse financial risks防范金融风险能力ability to guard against financial risks防止“重点支出重点浪费” prevent “more waste in more expenditures”非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税改革tax-for-fees reform分配货币化distribution of money分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns敢抓敢管、不讲情面have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter whatothers might think高等教育“211工程” the “211” Project for higher education高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high-tech industries高技术产业化apply high technology to production高技术产业化示范工程high-tech model projects to dem onstrate their commercial viability高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻'三个代表'重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of 'Three Represents'高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax个体经济、私营经济self-employed and private businesses各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels各种“小金库”屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud工程监理制project supervision system工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects工业增加值industrial added value公开市场操作open-market operations共建、调整、合作、合并a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers购买力purchasing power鼓励兼并encourage mergers关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships规范管理standardized administration规范化的财政管理standardized financial management规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures规范税制standardize the tax system国际公认internationally recognized国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects国库券treasury bonds国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China国有独资商业银行wholly state-funded commercial bank国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises国有企业重组regroup SOEs国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons国有资产管理、监督和营运机制management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets国有资源有偿使用paid use of state-owned resources国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity海峡两岸关系cross-Strait relations合同管理制contract management system黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。
经济学常用词汇英文
经济学常用英语词汇一、一般术语英文中文economist经济学家scarcity稀缺性opportunity cost机会成本marginal边际的utility效用efficiency效率equity公平trade-off权衡incentive激励externality外部性二、经济体系英文中文socialist economy社会主义经济capitalist economy资本主义经济collective economy集体经济planned economy计划经济market economy市场经济mixed economy混合经济liberal economy自由经济protectionism保护主义autarchy闭关自守globalization全球化三、经济学分支英文中文microeconomics微观经济学macroeconomics宏观经济学political economy政治经济学development economics发展经济学international economics国际经济学labor economics劳动经济学environmental economics环境经济学英文中文industrial economics工业经济学public economics公共经济学behavioral economics行为经济学四、市场结构英文中文perfect competition完全竞争monopoly垄断oligopoly寡头垄断monopolistic competition垄断竞争duopoly双寡头cartel卡特尔collusion勾结price discrimination价格歧视price leadership价格领导contestable market可竞争市场五、供求理论英文中文demand需求supply供给equilibrium均衡surplus过剩shortage不足elasticity弹性price elasticity of demand需求价格弹性income elasticity of demand需求收入弹性cross elasticity of demand需求交叉弹性price elasticity of supply供给价格弹性六、成本收益分析英文中文cost成本benefit收益total cost总成本fixed cost固定成本variable cost可变成本average cost平均成本marginal cost边际成本total revenue总收入average revenue平均收入marginal revenue边际收入七、国际贸易英文中文trade贸易export出口import进口tariff关税quota配额subsidy补贴exchange rate汇率balance of trade贸易差额balance of payments国际收支comparative advantage比较优势八、货币银行英文中文money货币currency货币bank银行deposit存款loan贷款interest利息interest rate利率inflation通货膨胀deflation通货紧缩monetary policy货币政策九、财政政策英文中文fiscal policy财政政策budget预算revenue收入expenditure支出tax税income tax所得税value added tax增值税sales tax销售税budget deficit预算赤字budget surplus预算盈余十、经济指标英文中文gross domestic product国内生产总值gross national product国民生产总值national income国民收入per capita income人均收入unemployment失业unemployment rate失业率economic growth经济增长economic development经济发展business cycle经济周期recession衰退。
政治经济翻译词汇
indirect charge 间接费用indirect cost 间接成本Individual 单个的，个体的，单独的individual economy 个体经济individual enterprise 私人企业individual labour 个体劳动者individual operation 个体经营individual ownership 个体所有individual retirement account 个人退休金帐户Industrial policy 产业政策Industrial 工业的industrial revolution 产业革命Industrialization 工业化Industry 产业，行业aircraft industry 航空业automobile industry 汽车业banking industry 银行业basic industry 基础工业coal and mining industry 煤炭开采业construction industry 建筑业information industry 信息产业high－technology industry 高技术产业materials industry 材料业primary industry 第一产业secondary industry 第二产业service industry 服务业steel industry 钢铁业tertiary industry 第三产业transportation industry 交通运输业Inefficient operation 低效运营Inflation 通货膨胀inflation factor 通货膨胀因素inflation indexed security 通货膨胀指数债券inflation of credit 信用膨胀inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Information 信息information highway 信息高速公路information disclosure 信息披露information sources 信息资源infotmation system 信息系统Initial 初始的，最初的initial credit balance 初期贷方余额initial inventory 期初存货initial investment 期初投资initial public offering 股票首次公开上市initial stage 初级阶段Inland 内陆，国内，内地inland country 内陆国家inland industry 内陆工业inland provice 内陆省Innovation 革新Input 输入，投入input－output analysis 投入产出分析input－output model 投入产出模型input－output ratio 投入产出比率Inspection 检查，检验Installation expenses 安装费Instalment 分期付款Institute 研究所，学院，协会Institution 学会，协会，机构Institutional reform 体制改革，制度改革Insurance 保险credit insurance 信用保险insurance company 保险公司insurance coverage 保险范围insurance fund 保险基金insurance industry 保险业Intangible 无形的intangible assets 无形资产intangible capital 无形资本intangible property 无形财产Integration 企业合并，一体化integration of world economy 世界经济一体化Intellectual property rights 知识产权Intensive 集约的，精细的labour intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive industry 知识密集型产业Interest 利息，股利interest free deposit 无息存款interest free loan 无息贷款interest income 利息收益interest on principal 本息interest rate on deposits 存款利率interest rate risk 利率风险interest－rate cuts 利率下调interest－rate reductions 利率下调Intermediary 中间的intermediary agency 中介机构，中间机构intermediary bank 中介银行intermediary commerce 中介贸易intermediary market 中介市场Intermediate 中间的，半成品intermediate body 中介机构intermediate debt 中期负债intermediate term credit 中期信贷Internal 内部的internal audit 内部审计internal transfer price 内部转让价格internal－oriented economy 内向型经济internal rate of return 内部收益率International 国际的international accounting standard 国际会计标准international balance of payment 国际收支差额international bidding 国际招标international bond market 国际债券市场international capital market 国际资本市场international competitive ability 国际竟争能力international corporation 跨国公司international credit 国际信贷international economic integration 国际经济一体化international economic order 国际经济秩序international finance center 国际金融中心international financial market 国际金融市场international loans 国indirect charge 间接费用indirect cost 间接成本Individual 单个的，个体的，单独的individual economy 个体经济individual enterprise 私人企业individual labour 个体劳动者individual operation 个体经营individual ownership 个体所有individual retirement account 个人退休金帐户Industrial policy 产业政策Industrial 工业的industrial revolution 产业革命Industrialization 工业化Industry 产业，行业aircraft industry 航空业automobile industry 汽车业banking industry 银行业basic industry 基础工业coal and mining industry 煤炭开采业construction industry 建筑业information industry 信息产业high－technology industry 高技术产业materials industry 材料业primary industry 第一产业secondary industry 第二产业service industry 服务业steel industry 钢铁业tertiary industry 第三产业transportation industry 交通运输业Inefficient operation 低效运营Inflation 通货膨胀inflation factor 通货膨胀因素inflation indexed security 通货膨胀指数债券inflation of credit 信用膨胀inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Information 信息information highway 信息高速公路information disclosure 信息披露information sources 信息资源infotmation system 信息系统Initial 初始的，最初的initial credit balance 初期贷方余额initial inventory 期初存货initial investment 期初投资initial public offering 股票首次公开上市initial stage 初级阶段Inland 内陆，国内，内地inland country 内陆国家inland industry 内陆工业inland provice 内陆省Innovation 革新Input 输入，投入input－output analysis 投入产出分析input－output model 投入产出模型input－output ratio 投入产出比率Inspection 检查，检验Installation expenses 安装费Instalment 分期付款Institute 研究所，学院，协会Institution 学会，协会，机构Institutional reform 体制改革，制度改革Insurance 保险credit insurance 信用保险insurance company 保险公司insurance coverage 保险范围insurance fund 保险基金insurance industry 保险业Intangible 无形的intangible assets 无形资产intangible capital 无形资本intangible property 无形财产Integration 企业合并，一体化integration of world economy 世界经济一体化Intellectual property rights 知识产权Intensive 集约的，精细的labour intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive industry 知识密集型产业Interest 利息，股利interest free deposit 无息存款interest free loan 无息贷款interest income 利息收益interest on principal 本息interest rate on deposits 存款利率interest rate risk 利率风险interest－rate cuts 利率下调interest－rate reductions 利率下调Intermediary 中间的intermediary agency 中介机构，中间机构intermediary bank 中介银行intermediary commerce 中介贸易intermediary market 中介市场Intermediate 中间的，半成品intermediate body 中介机构intermediate debt 中期负债intermediate term credit 中期信贷Internal 内部的internal audit 内部审计internal transfer price 内部转让价格internal－oriented economy 内向型经济internal rate of return 内部收益率International 国际的international accounting standard 国际会计标准international balance of payment 国际收支差额international bidding 国际招标international bond market 国际债券市场international capital market 国际资本市场international competitive ability 国际竟争能力international corporation 跨国公司international credit 国际信贷international economic integration 国际经济一体化international economic order 国际经济秩序international finance center 国际金融中心international financial market 国际金融市场international loans 国际贷款International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织international monotary crisis 国际货币外危机international multilateral loans 国际多边贷款Internationalization 国际化internationalization of capital 资本国际化production internationalization 生产国际化Intervention 干预intervention by government 政府干预market intervention 市场干预state intervention 国家干预Introduction 介绍，引进introduction of foreign capital 引进外资introduction of foreign technology 引进外国技术Inventory 库存inventory account 库存帐inventory cost 库存成本inventory loss 盘亏，库存损失inventory shortage and overage 盘亏与盘盈inventory ahortage and apoilage 盘亏与毁损inventory turnover 存货周转just in time inventory 即时库存Investment 投资investment abroad 国外投资investment and trust company 投资信托公司investment enviroment 投资环境investment fund 投资基金investment in capital construction 基本建设投资investment in enterprise 对企业投资investment in outside unit 对外单位投资investment in stock 投资股票investment intention 投资意向investment pool 联合投资组织investment portfolio 投资证券组合investment strategy 投资战略investment target selection criteria 投资目标选择标准Invisible 无形的，帐外的，未列帐的invisible assets 帐外资产invisible capital 无形资本invisible loss 无形损失Invitation 招标，招待，邀请invitation for bid 招标Invoice 发票Issue 发行，签发issue a loan 发放贷款issue at par 按票面发行issue at the market price 按市价发行issue of government bonds 发行公债JJob 职业工作job opportunity 就业机会job security 工作保障job shop 加工车间Jobless 失业jobless rate 失业率Joint 共同的，联合的joint administration 联合管理joint creditor 连带债权人joint debtor 连带债务人joint enterprise 合办企业joint liability 共同债务，连带责任joint property 共同财产joint stock 合资，合股joint stock company 股份公司joint stock system 股份制joint tanancy 合伙租赁l joint venture 合资企业l Journal 日记帐，杂志l cash receipts journal 现金收入帐l journal entries 分类帐l ledger type journal 分类日记帐l The Wll Street Journal 华尔街日报l Judgment 审判，判决Junk bond 拉圾债券Justified price 合理价格KKeeping expenses 保管费Key 钥匙，重点的，关键的basic industries and key industries 基础产业和关键产业key project 重点项目Keynes 凯恩斯Keynesian economics 凯恩斯经济学Knowledge intensive industry 知识密集产业LLabour 劳动力，人工labour cost 劳务成本，人工成本labour contract 劳动合同labour efficiency 劳动效率labour force 劳动力labour intensive products 劳动密集型产品labour intensive project 劳动密集型项目labour market 劳动力市场labour representative 工人代表labour trouble 劳资纠纷labourunion劳动工会Lack 缺乏lack of capital 缺乏资金lack of labor 劳动力缺乏Land 土地land contract 土地合同land development 土地开发land expropriation 土地征用land law 土地法land owner 土地所有者land registration 土地登记land rent 地租land tax 土地税Large－scale 大型的large－scale enterprise 大型企业large－scale industrial group 大型工业集团Last in first out 后进先出Latent 潜在的latent assets 潜在资产latent capital 潜在资本latent demand 潜在需求latent productive capacity 潜在生产能力Law 法律，法规administrative law 行政法articles of law 法律条款bankruptcy law 破产法company law 公司法law agent 法定代理人law of increasing costs 成本递增规律law of supply and demand 供需法则Lawful 法的lawful money 法定货币lawful share 合法股份Lawsuit 法律诉讼Lawyer 律师Layoff 解雇Lay－offs 下岗人员Leader price 大户价，领导价Leading 领先的leading indicators 领先指标leading industr 领先行业leading share 主要股份Lease 租赁capital lease 资本租赁lease financing 租赁融资operating lease 经营融资Leased 租借的，租赁的政治与经济类英语翻译Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese 建设有中国特色的社会characteristics 主义理论The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, 扩大开放，促进发展，maintaining stability 保持稳定Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist 是否有利于发展社会主义生产力productive forcesWhether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall 是否有利于增强综合国力strength of the countryWhether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living 是否有利于提高人民生活水平standardTaking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策Reform measures 改革措施Speed up reform 加快改革Reform of economic system 经济体制改革Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革Reform of housing system 住房制度改革Planning system 计划管理体制Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能Open door policy 开放政策Open economy 开放经济Open-door to the outside world 对外开放Opening up 扩大开放Open domestic market 开放国内市场Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和managerial experiences 管理经验Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区One country, two systems 一国两制Special administrative region 特别行政区Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制to the householdNarrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Eliminate poverty 消除贫困Common prosperity 共同富裕ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分State-owned economy 国有经济Non-state economy 非国有经济Collective economy 集体经济Individual economy 个体经济Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展National economic budget 国民经济预算Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展Commodity economy 商品经济Market economy 市场经济Free market economy 自由市场经济Developed market economy 发达的市场经济Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济Mature market economy 成熟市场经济Market economy country 市场经济国家Extensive economy 粗放型经济Intensive economy 集约型经济Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为mode into intensive one 集约型经济Mixed economy 混合经济Regional economy 地区经济Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济Closed economy 闭关自守经济Economic growth point 经济增长点Economic growth mode 经济增长方式Economic growth rate 经济增长率Economy measure 经济手段Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济Economic situation 经济形势Economic cycle 经济周期Economic fluctuation 经济波动Economic miracle 经济奇迹Economic take-off 经济起飞Economic recovery 经济复苏Economic potential 经济潜力Economic sanction 经济制裁Global economy 全球经济Economic globalization 经济全球化Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化International economic integration 国际经济一体化New international economic order 国际新经济秩序Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化Economic community 经济共同体MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控Soft landing 软着路Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定Cheap money policy 低息货币政策Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整Cut interest rate 降低利率Control of interest rate 利率控制Deflation policy 紧缩政策Market intervention 市场干预State intervention 国家干预Administrative interference 行政干预Administrative intervention 行政干预Administrative measure 行政措施Economy measure 经济手段Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制Overheated economy 过热的经济Consumer price index 消费品价格指数Commodity price index 商品物价指数Retail price index 零售物价指数Average price index 平均物价指数Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素Inflation of credit 信用膨胀Inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热Development zone craze 开发区热Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡Supply and demand relation 供求关系Supply over demand 供过于求Supply exceeds demand 供过于求Economic crisis 经济危机Economic depression 经济萧条MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系and operation of State assetsReform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学management and adopting scientific managementRegulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例of the state-owned enterprisesLaws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规state-owned propertyOperate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束and self-relianceUphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府government from those of enterprises and alter the 经济管理职能government’s role in economic managementSafeguard state property 保卫国有资产Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Definition of property rights 产权界定Clarification of property rights 明晰产权Registration of property rights 产权登记Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检Certificate of title 产权证书Change of registration 变更登记Change of title 产权变更Transfer of property rights 产权转让Transaction of property rights 产权交易Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构Inspection of assets 资产清查Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定资产重估Asset appraisal 资产评估Productive assets 经营性资产Non-productive assets 非经营性资产Return on assets 资产收益Balance sheet 资产负债表Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表Reform of State-Owned Enterprises国有企业改革Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质overall quality of the State sector of the economyConcentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和enterprises and enterprises groups 企业集团Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团groupsReform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改组和改造Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制partnership, leasing, contract operation 租赁，承包经营和出售and sell-offManage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的policy towards small onesGive small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允许亏损企业兼并或破产or go bankruptDispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员Re-employment funds 再就业基金Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切实加强企业经营管理management of enterprisesStrengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增资减债channelsStrive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企业扭亏增盈increase profitsDevelop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式Alleviate enterprises’ social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通过挖潜改造technologyMechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 优胜劣汰机制the inferiorEnjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的决策权Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 给更多的生产企业自营出口权in export independentlyProtect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益Technological upgrading 技术改造Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革Modern enterprise system 现代企业制度Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组Transform the enterprises’ management mechanismsof State-owned enterprises 转换国有企业经营机制Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整Industrial policy 产业政策Support and develop large enterprises and release smallenterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can beturned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业Pioneer enterprise 试点企业Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Optimize capital structure 优化资本结构Optimize resource allocation 优化资源配置Optimize investment structure 优化投资结构Recapitalization 调整资本结构Capital reorganization 资本重组Promote rational flow of property right 促进产权合理流动Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效Investment risk mechanism 投资风险机制Project capital system 项目资本金制度Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss 自负盈亏Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的经济结构Unreasonable product structure 不合理的产品结构Repeated construction 重复建设Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义Government supervision 政府监督Operating strategy 经营战略Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式Backward in management 管理落后Relying on government subsidy 依赖政府补贴Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴Heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担Excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力Merger and acquisition 兼并与收购Encourage merger 鼓励兼并Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破产Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度Re-employment projects 再就业工程Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业Laid-off workers 下岗职工ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企业和公司Central enterprise 中央企业Local enterprise 地方企业Backbone enterprise 骨干企业Large and medium enterprise 大中型企业State-owned enterprise 国有企业Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业State-owned firm 国有公司，国有企业Corporate enterprise 股份制企业Collective enterprise 集体企业Collective firm 集体企业，合作企业Township enterprise 乡镇企业Partnership enterprise 合伙企业Individual enterprise 个体企业Foreign-funded enterprise 外资企业Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企业Small business 小企业Primary industry 第一产业Secondary industry 第二产业Tertiary industry 第三产业Corporate Law 公司法Township Enterprise Law 乡镇企业法Independent legal entities 独立法人Board of directors 董事会Board of supervisors 监事会Shareholders conference 股东大会Entrepreneur 企业家Firm 公司，企业Company 公司Incorporation 公司Corporation 股份公司Group of enterprises 企业集团Conglomerate 企业集团，综合性大企业Company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司Controlling company 控股公司Holding company 控股公司Bank holding company 银行控股公司Company with limited liability 有限责任公司State-owned holding company 国家控股公司Public company 上市公司Private company 非上市公司Listed company 上市公司Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司Parent company 母公司Subsidiary company 子公司Group company 集团公司Large-scale industrial group 大型工业集团International conglomerate 跨国企业集团International corporation 跨国公司Multinational corporation 跨国公司Multinational market group 跨国市场集团Banking institution 金融机构Banking sector 银行部门Intermediary bank 中介银行Development bank 开发银行Commercial bank 商业银行Investment bank 投资银行Credit bank 信贷银行Cooperative bank 合作银行Mortgage bank 抵押银行Clearing bank 清算银行Credit union 信用社Non-bank financial institution 非银行金融机构Financing corporation 金融公司Securities company 证券公司Underwriting company 担保公司Loan and trust company 信托公司Insurance company 保险公司Life insurance company 人寿保险公司Utility company 公共事业公司MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并与收购Reorganization 重组Association 联合Merger 兼并Acquisition 收购Joint stock partnership 股份合作Leasing 出租Contract operation 承包经营Auction 拍卖Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Strategic acquisition 战略性收购Combination of enterprise 企业合并Concentric acquisition 集中收购Conglomerate merger 集团企业合并Consolidation by lease 租赁式合并Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并Leveraged buy-out (LBO’s) 杠杆收购Stock merger 股票兼并Vertical acquisition 纵向收购Vertical merger 纵向兼并Vertical consolidation 纵向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Horizontal merger 横向兼并Horizontal acquisition 横向收购Horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并Horizontal integration 横向联合Acquisition cost 收购成本Acquiring enterprise 收购方企业Corporate reorganization 公司重组Bankruptcy Law 破产法Bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第七章清算Bankruptcy code 11 --- reorganization 破产法第十一章重组Act of bankruptcy 破产法案Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法Bankruptcy court 破产法庭Bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人Bankruptcy notice 破产公告Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破产Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破产法庭内的协调Arrangement out of bankruptcy court 不经破产法庭的协调Creditor’s equity 债权人权益Bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人Cre ditor’s meeting 债权人会议Creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人MARKET AND COMPETITION 市场和竟争Commodity market 商品市场Securities market 证券市场Bond market 债券市场Stock market 股票市场Futures market 期货市场Options market 期权市场Property rights market 产权市场Capital market 资本市场Free market 自由市场Labour market 劳动力市场Flea market 跳蚤市场Bear market 股票市场的熊市Bull market 股票市场的牛市Market competition 市场竟争Market development 市场开发Market forecast 市场预测Market potential 市场潜力Market risk 市场风险Market share 市场份额Seller’s market 卖方市场Buyer’s market 买方市场Market abroad 海外市场Marketability 市场能力Marketable 销路好的Marketing channel 销售渠道Marketing strategy 销售战略Competition market 竟争市场Perfect competition 完全竟争Imperfect competition 不完全竟争Low-level competition 低水平竟争Monopolistic competition 垄断竟争Competitor 竟争对手Natural monopoly 自然垄断International monopoly 国际垄断Market 市场bear market 股票市场的熊市bond market 证券市场bull market 股票市场的牛市capital market 资本市场emerging market economic 新兴市场经济majority market economic 成熟市场经济market abroad 海外市场market analysis 市场分析market approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的市场法market competition 市场竟争market demand price 市场需求价格market development 市场开发market economy country 市场经济国家market factor 市场因素market forecast 市场预测market index 市场指数market information 市场信息market investigation 市场调查market potential 市场潜力market quotation 市场行情market replacement cost 市场重置成本market research 市场调查，市场研究market risk 市场风险market share 市场份额，市场占有率market value method 市价法market-oriented 面向市场的market-to-cost method 市价成本法property right market 产权市场seller’s market 卖方市场social market economy 社会主义市场经济stock market 股票市场Marketing 营销，市场销售marketing channel 销售渠道，市场渠道marketing cost 销售成本marketing manager 市场销售经理markrting strategy 市场经营战略marketing system 市场体系relationship marketing 关系营销Asset, Liability And Equity 资产,负债和权益Asset management 资产管理Tangible assets 有形资产Intangible assets 无形资产Physical assets 实物资产Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失Deferred assets 递延资产Other assets 其它资产Total assets 总资产Net assets 净资产Book value of the assets 资产的账面值Non-ledger assets 帐外资产Asset account 资产账户Asset disposal 资产处置Asset depreciation 资产折旧Asset inventory shorts 资产盘亏Asset inventory surplus 资产盘盈Asset retirement 资产报废Asset revaluation 资产重估Capital assets 资本资产Monetary assets 金融资产Mortgage assets 抵押资产Long-term assets 长期资产Liability 负债Liability account 负债账户Direct liability 直接负债Current liability 流动负债Liability out of book 账外负债Long-term liability 长期负债Book debt 账面负债Asset liability ratio 资产负债比Owner’s equity 所有者权益Equity account 权益账户Stockholders’ equity 股东权益Preferred stock equity 优先股权益Cumulative preferred stock 积累优先股Non-cumulative preferred stock 非积累优先股Convertible preferred stock 可转换优先股Participating preferred stock 参加优先股Non-Participating preferred stock 非参加优先股Callable preferred stock 可赎回优先股Common stock equity 普通股权益Total equity 权益总额企业评价指标Assets Liabilities Ratio 资产负债率Quick Ratio 速动比率Current Ratio 流动比率P/E ratio 市盈率Current Liabilities to Net Worth 流动负债比净资产Total Liabilities to Net Worth 总负债比净资产Fixed Assets to Net Worth 固定资产比净资产Inventory Turnover Ratio 存货Assets to SalesSales to Net Working Capital 销售收入比流动资金净值。
汉译英政治经济词汇
汉译英政治经济词汇[雅健] 2011-08-29 14:55:39A安排城市新增劳动力就业Jobs have been created for the increased workforce in cities.安排人民生活to ensure that the daily needs of the people are met按比例on pro rata basis; in proportion to按净产值计算的工业全员劳动率the productivity of the entire workforce in industrial enterprise, calculate on the basis of net output value按劳分配制度Distribution according to work; the principle of “to each according to his work”按面值全部缴清的股票Shares paid fully at face value肮脏工业（污染环境的工业，赌博业等）“sin” industryB八国联军the Eight-Power Allied Forces巴黎俱乐部the Paris Club巴塞尔委员会the Basle Committee把按劳动分配和按生产要素分配结合起来to combine remuneration according to work with remuneration according to factors of production把二者割裂，对立起来separating the two and then setting them against each other把改革的力度、发展的速度和社会可以承受的程度统一起来give full consideration to the intensity of reform, pace of development and people’s ability to sustain them把各方面的积极性引导好，保护好，发挥好to guide, protect and tap the initiative of all quarters of society properly把企业推向市场to expose enterprises to market; increase the responsiveness of enterprises to market forces把握正确的舆论导向to properly guide the public opinion把眼光放远一些to subordinate immediate interests to the long-term ones; to be farsighted; have a broad view把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处to get the set principles, policies and measures implemented白条an IOU百花齐放、百家争鸣let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend 百年不遇once-in-a-century百业待举Much remains to be done.摆门面to put up an impressive front摆脱思想上和体制上的禁锢to shake off ideological and structural shackles摆脱债务问题Extricate oneself from debt problems; free oneself from debt problems拜金主义money worship版权收入Royalties办事高效、运转协调、行为规范的行政管理体系a highly efficient, well-coordinated and standardized administrative system帮助企业分离社会职能to help enterprises divest themselves of social functions包干Contract for; on a contract basis包干体制the contract responsibity system under which an enterprise turns over a fixed amount of tax and profits to the state保持x%的中速增长to keep the growth rate at a moderate x%保持发展后劲to sustain development保持国民经济持续快速健康发展to maintain a sustained, rapid and sound development of the national economy保持农业稳步发展to maintain steady development of agriculture保持社会公正to maintain social justice保护残疾人利益to protect the interests of the disabled保护价the protective price保护生态环境to preserve the ecological environment堡垒最容易从内部攻破the easiest way to capture a fortress is from within.保税区Bonded area保险标的物Subject matter insured保险单insurance policy保险费insurance premium保险金insurance benefit保险金额sum (amount) insured可保利益insurable interest承保人insurer保证安全度汛ensure safety in the high water season保险担保书guarantee of insurance保证基本路线和方针政策的连续性和稳定性to ensure the continuity and stability of our basic line, principles and policies征收保证金的要求margin maintenance call保证金帐户margin account保证政令通畅to see to it that government decrees and directives are truly carried out保证重点物资的运输to ensure the timely transport of key goods and materials保证重点在建工程的按期投产to spare no effort to complete the key projects under construction as scheduled保值储率value-ensured interest rate; inflation-proof interest rate保值储蓄inflation-proof savings deposits保值利率index-linked interest rate (i.e. indexation of interest rates on medium-and long-term deposits)保重点，不撒胡椒面Resources must be channeled to (or concentrated on) priority projects and not spread thinly (evenly) everywhere.报请下届人大确认to refer to the next session of the National People’s Congress for confirmation暴跌sharp fall; nose-dive; plunge北伐the Northern Expedition备案to report to … for the record被保险人the insured被动损失passive loss本科生、专科生an undergraduate, college graduate in 2- or 3-year courses; student in special courses本年损益current year profit本票/债务债券证明bond/cashier’s check本位主义departmentalism本质特征intrinsic characteristics比价price ratio; relative price比价关系price relations比较完善的社会主义市场经济体制a more or less mature socialist market economy /a rather full-fledged socialist market economy比较优势comparative advantage必：有法~依，执法~严，违法~究Once a law is put into force, it must be observed and strictly enforced and violators must be brought to justice.必由之路the only way leading to毕业生分配制度job assignment system for graduates壁垒：地区~regional barriers壁垒：非关税~non-tariff barriers避免经济滑坡to avoid economic downturn避税港tax haven边际生产力较高higher marginal productivity边缘学科frontier branches of science编假结算to doctor (cook up) final reports of revenues and expenditures编造假帐falsification of account变相逃债concealed (disguised) avoidance of debt payment变相提价a disguised price raise变形现象deformation辩护制度system of defence表层问题superficial problems表决议案to vote on the bills表面上证据确凿的案件prima facie case拨改贷government appropriations being replaced by loans拨乱反正to set things right; to restore things to order补：消费物价~贴consumer susbsidies补偿贸易compensation trade补充IMF的财力supplement the IMF’s resources补贴实物allowances in kind补选和补充任命决定by-elections and supplementary decisions on appointments不：社会经济发展的~确定因素factors that make economic and social development unpredictable; uncertainties in socio-economic development不成文法unwritten law; customary law; common law不低于原来的标准on terms no less favorable than before不够明确的产权vague concept of ownership不顾条件，一哄而起to rush into action in disregard of objective conditions不合理收费、集资和摊派to impose charges and quotas and collect money without authorization不经济行为（指分散的家庭生产）uneconomical way of running business (esp. scattered family business)不良贷款non-performing loan (NPL)不良风气unhealthy ways and customs不列入预算（或成本）non-accountable不履行合同breach of contract; fail to implement a contract不容易得到补贴和信贷little access to subsidies and credit不惜一切代价at whatever cost不正之风unhealthy practice (tendency)不值一提的指责accusations unworthy of mentioning布雷顿森林体系the Bretton Woods system步子迈得更大一些to take a bolder approach部门和行业不正之风unsound practice in departments and trades部优Ministry-recognized/quality goodsC财产保险property insurance财产法律制度the legal regime (system) concerning property财务包干to be responsible for one’s own finances财务报表financial statement财务大检查a general check-up on the financial work财务公司finance company财务顾问financial consultant财务会计financial accounting财政treasury; financial system财政：（专业银行持有）~专项债券special treasury bonds (to be held by specialized banks)财政：国家~总收入total national revenue财政：省、市、县分级~包干contracted financial responsibility at the provincial, municipal and county levels财政包干格局（体制）the contracted financial responsibility set-up财政包干制to introduce various forms of contract according to which each unit is responsible for its own surplus or deficit; fiscal contract responsibility system; financial contract system财政拨款funds allocated by financial departments; financial appropriations财政补贴县counties that rely on financial subsidies财政定额包干制the responsibility system of fixed quotas for revenue and expenditure财政放权decentralization of fiscal power (or authority); to delegate fiscal power to财政分级管理tiered financial management system财政分配体制fiscal allocation system财政金融体制financial and banking system财政收入递增包干contract system based on progressively increased revenues财政收入流失loss in financial revenue财政收入占国民生产总值的比重the proportion of fiscal revenue in the gross national product 财政收支差额the imbalance between revenue and expenditure财政收支结构the revenue and expenditure structure财政税收制度（体制）financial and taxation system财政相当困难to be in financial straits财政转移支付制度payment transfer system裁减冗员to cut down on overstaffing; to lay off the redundants采购团purchasing mission采掘比例失调the imbalance that has cropped up in tunneling; excessive mining采取明智的态度to adopt a sensible (wise)采取迂回的方式to make a detour采收率recovery rate菜篮子工程the shopping basket project参与国际分工to participate in the international division of labor参与优先股participating preferred stock (preference share)参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs; to participate in the policy making process参政议政意识the awareness of the need to participate in the discussion and administration of state affairs中华人民共和国残疾人保障法Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of the Disabled仓储费用storage expenses仓储设施storage facilities操之过急too much haste; over hastiness; to act with undue haste; to be too hasty测定经济的表现to determinate economic performance政府层次繁多administrations with multi-tiered government departments差额选举competitive election; multi-candidate election拆股to dissolve a partnership产：限~压库促销to cut the production and stockpiles and promote the marketing of these products产：以销促~to promote production through marketing产：以销定~to limit production to marketability; to decide the size of production according to its market产成品积压Products and manufactured goods are overstocked.产品出口型项目export-oriented projects产品结构product mix产权：拍卖~Equity auction产权关系明确clear definition of ownership产权管理property rights administration产权交易市场property rights exchange; equity market产权清晰，权责明确，政企分开，管理科学clearly defined ownership and power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management产业化to put … to mass production产业结构industrial structure产业结构的存量调整to readjust the existing elements of the industrial pattern (setup or structure)产业结构趋同similar industrial structure产业结构失调imbalance in the industrial structure产业结构有长有短，产品结构有多有少There are both advantages and weaknesses in the industrial structure and overstock and shortage in terms of product mix.产业结构重组和升级reorganization and upgrading of the industrial structure产业升级to upgrade industries产业投资基金industrial investment fund产业政策industrial policies产值利税率ratio of output value to profit and tax长江抗洪形势flood control on the Yangtze River长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe长痛不如短痛It’s better to have short, sharp pains than long, dull pains.长征二号大推力捆绑式火箭the Long March-2E heavy-thrust cluster carrier rocket偿债高峰debt repayment peak偿债基金redemption fund常务董事executive director常规裁军conventional disarmament厂长负责制system under which the factory director assumes full responsibility厂长任期目标责任制system under which the factory director is held responsible for attaining given objectives during his or her tenure畅销公债marketable bonds倡导to initiate; advocate; call for超标排放污染物to discharge excessive pollutants超产部分extra-quota (products)超负荷运转overloaded operation超过国力承担的可能to go beyond the national capacity超计划生育to have more children than what is planned; extra-plan babies超前消费deficit (or excessive)spending; unduly high levels of spending; over-consumption超前消费的产品consumer goods which arrive before their time超收的地区localities that have excess revenues超越（初级阶段）overstep/ jump over (the primary stage)超越法律的特权the privilege to overstep law/ extra-legal privileges车间经费production operation expenses撤消委托to cancel (or revoke) mandate撤消原案to rescind the case撤消职务to dismiss one from office; to be stripped of沉积物sediment陈旧的经营方式managerial stereotypes成套设备complete sets of equipment成文法written law; statute law承办贸易业务to handle trade on commission承包基数the base quota of a contract承包经营权lease-holding right承兑to accept承诺费commitment fee承认…通行证有效to recognize the laissez-passer (or travel documents) as valid承认学位级别to recognize academic degrees承受能力bearing capacity; affordability; tolerance; the ability to sustain (or forebear); sustainability承销underwrite承销人；承保人underwriters承销人协议the agreement among underwriters城市规划委员会zoning commission; city planning commission城市贫困居民最低生活保障制度the system to ensure a minimum standard of living for impoverished urban residents; to ensure subsistence to the city poor城市维护建设urban construction and maintenance projects城镇居民urban dwellers城镇乡住宅urban and rural housing城镇住房公积金public accumulation funds for urban housing/ housing provident fund惩办与宽大相结合to combine punishment with leniency充分调动积极性和创造性to give full play to initiative and creativity充分反映民意to adequately reflect the people’s will/ to reflect popular demand充实精神生活to enrich people’s cultural life; lead a fulfilling life; lead a fuller life冲减收入to deduct from revenues冲破个人崇拜和两个凡是的束缚to shatter the personality cult and “two whatevers” (the notion that after the death of the late Chairman Mao, whatever policy decisions he had made must be firmly upheld and whatever instructions he had given must be followed unswervingly)冲突后国家post-conflict countries重复保险double insurance重复建设construct redundant projects/ duplicate construction重复引进introduction of (importation of) redundant technical facilities重复征税duplicate taxation/ double taxation重组基金turnaround fund出国留学政策policy of sending students abroad for academic studies出口出口：世界~加工区World Export Processing协会Zones Association (WEPZA)出口产品退税tax refunds on exports; drawback/ export tax rebate出口创汇foreign exchange earning出口创汇型企业foreign exchange-earning enterprises出口商品结构export product mix出勤（工）率Attendance rate出租率（旅馆）Occupancy rate出租业务leasing初级合作社Elementary cooperative初级阶段Primary stage储储：个人~蓄Individual bank savings储备基金Reserve funds储蓄率Savings rate储运Storage and transportation处理涉外事务To conduct external affairs处理外国人房地产To handle cases involving real estate owned by foreigners/ foreign-owned real estate窗口作用和辐射作用To serve as a window to the outside world and a bridge for other parts of the country创收Earnings of public institutions创业基金Venture fund创业阶段An early stage; at the pioneering stage辍学School dropouts从本本出发Indulge in book worship从严控制支出To exercise strict control over expenditure从严治军The army should be strict with itself. / to run the army with rigor/ to be strict with the army粗制滥造Shoddy goods; rough and slipshod methods促进经济由粗放经营向集约经营转变To bring about a change from extensive to intensive management of the economy促进经济增长的政策Growth-oriented policies促进人员按需求合理流动To enable professionals to move where they are most needed; to promote a rational mobility of professionals促销服务To provide promotional services; sales promotion村民自治组织Villages’ self-management (self-governing) organizations存货Inventories存贷挂钩，差额包干To associate amount of loans with that of deposits and be responsible for the interest spread存款：活期~Demand deposit; savings deposit存款保证金guaranty deposit by customer存款帐户savings account存款准备金reserve currency存量调整和增量调整相结合Reduction in overstocked goods should go hand in hand with adjustment of output increase.D打防结合，预防为主to combine punishment with prevention, with stress on the latter打击报复to carry out reprisals; to retaliate打开产品销路to expand market accessibility for commodities; to build up a market for a product打群体战to share the workload;大案要案major and key criminal cases大包干the all-round contract system大吃大喝wining and dining大患联to establish nation-wide ties; to establish extensive links大胆创新to dare to innovate大而全large and all-inclusive大规模金融自由化方案big bang financial liberalization initiative大锅饭the egalitarian practice of “everybody taking food from the same big pot”大款money bags; millionaire大路菜basic, common vegetables大农业the greater agricultural industry; agriculture in a broader sense大批优秀年轻干部走上领导岗位a large number of outstanding young people taking up leading posts大起大落violent (or drastic, sharp) fluctuations大踏步走向繁荣富强to become strong and prosperous through vigorous efforts大腕top notch (singer etc.); a heavyweight大意不得It should never be treated in an offhanded manner.大有可为There is a great deal one can achieve; to have a big role to play大中型基本建设和重要技术改造项目large and medium-sized projects of capital construction and major technical transformation大宗商品出口export of commodities in large quantities呆帐准备金provision for bad debt代理服务agency services代理行关系agent banking relationship代理制agency system代位求偿权subrogation带职分流，定向培训，加强企业，优化结构repositioned personnel with their original ranks unchanged, training for a specific post, replenishing enterprises and optimizing the structure 待业救济unemployment benefits贷方creditor贷款loan贷款：抵押~mortgage loan贷款：经常性~commercial lending贷款：再~relending; subloans贷款：政策性~policy-based (or -related) lending; policy lending贷款：指定~mandatory lending贷款：专业银行之间~资金的横向流动horizontal flow of fund among secialized banks贷款担保loan guarantees贷款年末余额the year-end outstanding loans贷款限额credit quota (or ceiling)贷款业务loan business单独关税区a separate customs territory单独海损particular average单式预算single budget system单位基金unit funds单项工程individual works单一的分配制度mono-type distribution; the single-mode system of wealth distribution单一的公有制结构the single sector system of public ownership; the system of public ownership only单一投资风险single investment exposure担（计量棉花产量的单位）dan (1dan equals 50kg.)担任公职to hold public posts党的领导集体顺利实现了新老交替to bring about a smooth transition from the old generation to the new in the Party’s collective leadership党风、政风、社会风气和社会治安的状况人民群众还不满意The work style of the Party and the government, the social conduct and law and order situation still fall short of the expectations of the people.党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争的力度加大，取得了阶段性成果We redoubled our efforts to improve the Party’s work style, build a clean government and fight corruption and achieved success of the current stage.党内民主渠道channels for inner-Party democracy党内生活inner-Party activities党性one’s Party morale; Party spirit; Party character党要管党The Party should run its own affairs well.倒挂inverted倒挂：购销价格~Purchasing price and selling price have become inverted.倒挂：体脑~Physical labor is paid more than mental labor.倒卖紧俏商品speculative reselling of goods in short supply道琼斯工业平均数Dow Jone’s Industrial Average道琼斯收盘平均数Dow Jone’s Closing Average得道多助，失道寡助A just cause enjoys abundant support while an unjust cause finds little support.德才兼备people who possess both moral integrity and professional a bility; to have both ability and integrity德高望重to be of noble character and enjoy high prestige等额选举single candidate election等价交换exchange of equal values邓小平的外交思想Deng Xiaoping’s theory on diplomatic work; Deng Xiaoping’s thinking on diplomacy邓小平南巡讲话以来since Deng X iaoping made remarks during his inspection tour of southern China邓小平一国两制的科学构想Deng Xiaoping’s scientific concept of “one country, two systems”堤防加固工程reinforcement projects on key embankments抵御……的冲击fend off the impact of ……地方税local tax地膜式覆盖plastic sheeting地皮land; construction site地皮处置费land clearance fee地区产业结构趋同increasing similarity in the industrial structure of different regions地区分割local protectionism地区封锁barriers between the regions (localities)地区和部门保护主义regional and departmental protectionism地区机动财力reserve funds at the disposal of local authorities地区间、行业间的横向联合协作inter-regional or inter-trade association and cooperation地区经济regional economies地区经济合理布局和协调发展a rational distribution and coordinated development of regionaleconomies地域分工geographical division of labor第二步战略目标the second-step strategic objective; the second-stage strategic objective第二职业者及非工薪业者moonlighters and non-salary employees第一、二、三产业primary, secondary and tertiary (or service) industries第一期贷款loans for the first-phase construction电网electricity grid电网：并入~to enter into electricity grid电子货币的影响implications of electronic money电子通讯electronic communications电子信息技术electronic information technology店头市场over-the-counter market吊销许可证rescission of a license吊销营业执照to revoke (rescind) the licenses调动各方面的积极性to mobilize the initiative of all quarters调度资金to direct and transfer funds调剂：（外汇）调剂中心swap center调剂：价格由市场调剂Prices are regulated by market forces.调剂：建议~库存to set up a buffer stock调剂：社会集团外汇调剂foreign exchanges swap between collectives (or organized groups) 调剂：市场调剂和计划调剂regulation by market mechanism (forces) and by planning调剂：通过适当的税务和货币政策间接调剂物价indirect regulation of prices by proper tax and monetary policies调剂：吞吐调剂to adjust the volume of loading and unloading调剂：自我调剂self-adjustment调价price adjustment调节预算外资金to regulate extra-budgetary funds调控：宏观调控体系macro-control system调控力度the degree of control调整adjustment调整国家财源分配to readjust financial appropriations (or allocation)调整和完善所有制结构to readjust and improve the ownership structure调整宏观紧缩力度Readjustment of macro-economic retrenchment调整市场调节的范围to adjust areas regulated by market mechanism (forces)调整外汇留成比例to adjust the foreign exchange retention ratios调整信贷结构to make adjustments on its credit structure调整行业内部结构restructuring within industries; to adjust the internal structure of industries 定点供应rationed supply at the fixed localities定额定量管理quota-based management定金down payment定期储蓄time deposits定期监督regular surveillance定向购粮quota grain定向培训target training; job-oriented training定向招生to enroll students who are pre-assigned to specific posts or areas (localities)董事长基金Chairman of Board Fund动荡不定（形势）turbulent/volatile (situation)冻结党政群机关和事业单位编制to freeze the size of Party and government departments, institutions and mass organizations独家特许权exclusive franchise独立的选举单位independent constituency独立核算independent accounting独立经营enterprises operating independently; proprietary enterprises独立自主的和平外交政策independent foreign policy of peace堵塞漏洞to plug loopholes杜绝化整为零和越权审批to put an end to the practice of breaking the whole into parts and overstepping the authority to approve (a project)镀锡薄板tin-plated steel sheet镀锌薄板galvanized steel sheet短期行为short-term (or myopic) behavior短缺的资源性产品，高新技术和关键技术设备products made from scarce resources, higher and new technologies and key technical equipment短收的地区localities whose revenues fall short of budget targets短线产品products in short supply对冲基金hedge fund对风险和收益进行合理分析的认真权衡sound analysis and careful weighing of risks and rewards对内借款domestic (bank) borrowing对土地投资on-farm investment; investment on land对外借款foreign (overseas) borrowing; borrowing from abroad (overseas)对销贸易counter trade对有突出贡献的知识分子给予特殊津贴to give special allowance to intellectuals who have rendered outstanding services多：二胎~胎生育two and more births to one couple多边发展银行the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs)多层次the multiple echelons (of administration)多党合作和政治协商制度the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation多头对外multi-channel management in foreign trade多元化的国际市场multi-outlet international market; diversified多元化投资主体a diversity of investorsE遏制和解决危机crisis containment and resolutionF发挥广大职工在企业中的主人翁作用Workers and other employees should be encouraged to give play to their role (display their initiative and creativity) as masters of their enterprises.发挥国家、集体、个人三方面的积极性to bring into play the initiative of the state, collectives and individuals发挥优越性to give play to the superiority of发挥企业党组织的政治核心作用to give play to the role of Party organization in enterprises as political nuclei发挥示范，辐射，带动作用to play a demonstrative, diffusi ve (radiant) and leading roles in…发挥先锋模范作用to play a vanguard and exemplary role发挥资源优势，发展优势产业to make use of the advantage in natural resources and develop competitive industries/ and develop those industries that have an edge发行等额的转换债券to issue the same amount of roll-over bonds发行金融债券to issue bonds发行年限maturity period发行主权和准主权债券issue sovereign and quasi-sovereign bonds发言和表决不受法律追究not to be held legally liable for their speeches or votes发扬社会主义正气to foster socialist morality发展动力driving force for development发展平等、团结、互助的社会主义民族关系to enhance socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance发展投资少、见效快、社会急需的社区服务、物业管理和家庭服务业to engage in and expand badly-needed community services, property management and household services which produce quicker results with less investment发展资本，劳动力，技术等生产要素市场to develop markets for capital, labour, technology and other essential production factors法定的税费statutory taxes and fees法定货币legal tender法纪教育education in law and discipline法律：~法规laws and statutes法律：~面前人人平等the principle of equality before the law; justice to all法律：以~形式规定下来to be institutionalized in the form of law; to be finalized in a legal form 法人股shares held by the legal person (or corporate shareholder)法庭组成人员panelists法制：~观念和公民意识the awareness of the legal system and understanding of the obligations of citizens法制：~建设to build the legal system繁荣社会主义文化事业to advance (or promote) socialist culture繁文缛节over-elaborate procedures反补贴税countervailing duty（控股公司的子公司对母公司进行的）反向贷款up-stream loans反向贸易counter trade反映：（矛盾）~到统一战线中来to find their way in the united front反映：~（意见）report on饭店业设备hotel facilities; equipment and facilities for hotels and catering services贩毒drug trafficking方针：国民经济持续、稳定、协调发展的~the principle of developing the national economy in a sustained, stable and coordinated manner方针：自力更生、艰苦奋斗、勤俭建国的~the principle of relying on one’s own, working hard and building up the country through thrift and diligence防腐拒变to guard against corruption and degeneration防洪、防汛flood prevention防洪设施flood-prevention facilities防卫力量defense capabilities防汛抗旱to combat flood and drought防灾、减灾、救灾prevent disasters, reduce (their) damages and provide relief todisaster-stricken areas防止：~乱用资金to prevent indiscriminate use of funds防止多占耕地to prevent the excessive use of cultivated land for non-agricultural purposes防止集体消费增长过高to avoid excessively high institutional spending防止矛盾激化to prevent contradictions from becoming more acute防止只大进不大出，盲目铺新摊子to prevent huge imports and scanty exports and aimless expansion of trade房产税house (or property) tax房地产real estate房地产交易税real estate transaction tax纺锭textile spindles放开：~（价格）to relax control over (or deregulate, decontrol) prices放开搞活国有小型企业to relax the control over (to keep a slack rein on) small state-owned enterprises and invigorate them/ to reactivate small enterprises by granting them greater freedom放开价格让市场调节to lift control over prices and expose them to market forces放开视野（选拔干部）to widen the range of our search放开外资限制to liberalize foreign investment regulations放宽政策to introduce more flexible policies放款条件terms of lending放款政策lending policies放弃刑事豁免to waive the immunity from criminal jurisdiction放权让利to grant (delegate more) power to enterprises and allow them to keep a bigger share of profits放手to give sb. a free hand放下架子，打掉官气to drop pretentious airs and get rid of bureaucratism放在突出位置to give top priority (or prominence) to非常设机构ad hoc organizations非公有制经济the non-public sector非急需项目投资investment in projects not in urgent need非贸易收汇foreign exchange receipts from invisible trade非农产业non-agricultural undertakings非配额产品quota-free products非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects非政策性金融commercial banking非重点开支expenditures for less important items分出保险outward insurance分行业分产品确定项目审批期限to examine and approve projects on the basis of trade,industry and products分割、封锁barrier and embargo分光吃光total distribution and total consumption; carve up all and eat up all分洪（设施）flood diversion (facilities)分化组合realignment and regrouping分类指导give different guidance to different categories of enterprises分配：以按劳分配为主体，其它分配形式为补充的分配制度the system of distribution that takes the principle of payment according to one’s work as the main form supplemented by other modes of distribution分配方式mode of distribution分入保险inward insurance分散投资portfolio diversification分税a revenue-sharing tax between the local and central authorities分税制revenue-sharing system; the tax system by which the central and local government collect and administer tax separately分行branch office/ bank branches丰富了和平共处五项原则to enrich the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence丰收计划“harvest program”风调雨顺good weather/ favourable climate/ The elements are propitious.风俗习惯customs and habits风险处理制度risk management system风险经营risk management风险转移risk transfer风险准备金loan loss provision; provision for risks封建主义、资本主义腐朽思想和小生产习惯势力decadent feudal and capitalist ideas and the small-producers’ force of habit否定中国传统，崇洋媚外to reject China’s traditional culture and worship everything foreign扶贫poverty alleviation扶贫到户to ensure that assistance is provided to poverty-stricken households扶贫工作aid to poor regions; help to eliminate poverty服从和服务于经济建设的中心任务to do everything for (or to be subordinated to) and serve the central task of economic development服务项目价格水平the overall price level for services浮动幅度floating range浮动利率债券floating-rate bond符合价值规律consistent with the law of value付：货到付款cash on delivery付：凭单付款cash against documents付：一次付清pay off in one lump sum付款凭证payment voucher妇女权益保障法Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests妇幼保健工作maternity and child care负债沉重的穷国Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC)负债合计total liabilities。
2023年度国际政治经济词汇表
2023年度国际政治经济词汇表一、全球化（Globalization）全球化是指经济、政治、文化等方面越来越多地超越国界限制，形成全球性的联系和整体化的趋势。
随着科技的进步和信息的快速传播，全球化在国际关系中扮演着重要的角色。
二、贸易战（Trade War）贸易战是指国家之间通过采取增加贸易壁垒、提高关税等手段进行的经济冲突。
贸易战对于全球经济发展和贸易伙伴关系产生了重大影响，加剧了贸易保护主义的风险。
三、信息技术（Information Technology）信息技术包括计算机科学、电子通信和网络技术等，是当代政治经济中不可或缺的一部分。
信息技术的迅速发展和应用，改变了人们的生活方式和商业模式，对国际政治经济格局产生了深远的影响。
四、可持续发展（Sustainable Development）可持续发展是指满足当前世代需求而不损害后世代发展的能力，涵盖了经济、社会和环境方面的平衡。
在国际政治经济领域，可持续发展成为推动全球合作和解决全球性挑战的重要议题。
五、数字经济（Digital Economy）数字经济是指以数字技术为基础，通过互联网和新兴技术推动的经济活动。
数字经济的快速发展催生了互联网经济、电子商务和智能科技等新兴行业，对全球经济结构和就业方式带来了革命性的变化。
六、人工智能（Artificial Intelligence）人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，通过模拟和模仿人类智能的方法使计算机系统具有类似人类的认知能力。
人工智能技术的发展引发了对于就业与道德伦理等问题的讨论，同时也对全球政治和经济产生了深远的影响。
七、碳中和（Carbon Neutrality）碳中和是指在某个特定时间点或时间范围内，将所产生的碳排放总量与吸收或减排总量达到平衡。
碳中和被广泛认为是应对气候变化的有效手段，也是国际社会共同努力的目标之一。
八、一带一路（Belt and Road Initiative）一带一路是中国提出的推动国际合作的倡议，旨在通过互联互通、基础设施建设等方式促进沿线国家的经济合作。
经济政治法律类英语词汇总结
经济政治法律类英语词汇总结accusation控告acquit宣判无罪amend修正amnesty特赦appeal上诉apprehend拘押，逮捕arbitration仲裁，调停armed conflicts武装冲突attorney律师authorize授权autonomous自治的bilateral talks双边会淡civil law民法code法规，法典confinement关押，禁闭congressman国会议员conspiracy阴谋constitution宪法consul领事convict宣判有罪court法院court of appeal中级法院custody拘留criminal law刑法decree法令defendant被告defender辩护人defuse缓合，平息despot独裁者disarmament解除武装enforce实施，使生效established international practice国际惯例federal government联邦政府hierarchy等级制度humanitarian aid人道主义援助parliament 国会，议会House of Commons 下议院parliamentary debates 议会辩论self-evident principle 不言自明的法则verdict 陪审团的判决arbiter 仲裁者validity 有效性，合法性period terminate 截止日期suspension 中止，悬而未决in-house counsel 内部法律顾问citizenry 公民，国民basic right 基本权利privilege 特权higher up 上级，大人物elitism 杰出人物统治论，精英论bureaucratic 官僚主义的self-governing 自治的，自我管理的espionage 间谍活动spymaster 间谍组织首脑CIA(Central Intelligence Agency)美国中央情报局accusation 控告acquit 宣判无罪amend 修正amnesty 特赦appeal 上诉apprehend 拘押，逮捕arbitration 仲裁，调停armed conflicts 武装冲突attorney 律师authorize 授权autonomous 自治的bilateral talks 双边会淡civil law 民法code 法规，法典confinement 关押，禁闭congressman 国会议员conspiracy 阴谋constitution 宪法consul 领事convict 宣判有罪court 法院court of appeal 中级法院custody 拘留criminal law 刑法decree 法令defendant 被告defender 辩护人defuse 缓合，平息despot 独裁者disarmament 解除武装enforce 实施，使生效established international practice 国际惯例federal government 联邦政府hierarchy 等级制度humanitarian aid 人道主义援助illicit 非法的indemnity 赔偿institution 制度intellectual property.right 知识产权interim government 过渡政府joint declaration 联合声明judicial 司法的judiciary 司法部jury 陪审团lawsuit 诉讼legal liability 法律义务legislation 立法legislative 立法的legislature 立法机构legitimate 合法的litigant 诉讼当事人litigation 诉讼municipal 市政的offense 犯罪parliament 议会pending 未决的petition 请愿plaintiff(民事)原告plead 申诉，辩护probation 缓刑.察看public prosecutor 检查官reconciliation 和解repatriate 遣返Representative 众议院议员ruling(法官等)裁定secretary 部长senate 参议院senator 参议员sovereignty 主权statute 成文法stipulation 条文，规定subpoena 传票suit 起诉suitor(刑事)原告summit meeting 首脑会议峰会terrorist attack 恐怖袭击terrorist organizations 恐怖组织The Capitol 国会大厦the House of Representative 下议院The Pentagon 国防大楼the Senate 上议院undersecretary 次长usurpation 篡夺verdict(陪审团)裁定violation 违犯立法会议legislative sessions行政处罚administrative penalty司法部门enforcement apartment侵犯个人隐私invasion of privacy修改宪法revise the constitution假账deceptive accounting漏税tax evasion刑事诉讼criminal proceeding行贿和受贿take and offer bribes要求索赔claim compensation目无法规defy the law and social disciplines法律监督function as a legal supervisor扰乱治安disturb the social order建立奖励和制约机制establish a incentive and disincentive system物质和精神文明建设material and ideological progress精简机构streamline government organs集思广益pool ones wisdom扩大内需expand the domestic demand经济类词汇总结之一：account：n 账目，账户，报告，记录（僻义n 叙述，说明）accountant：n 会计同义词：relate n 叙述，说明）v 说明，解释，account for占据，成为accountant：会计反义词：auditor：n审计员，旁听生Audit：v审计accumulate：v 积累，堆积：accumulate wealth: 积累财富acquisition：n 收购；mergers and acquisitions\M&A 兼并与联合monopoly：垄断business concentrationaffiliate：v 附属于，n 附属公司，子公司be affiliated to ：隶属于，受..的支配Segregate：aggregate：CongregateComprehend v理解Apprehend：v理解=concern担忧v 使聚集，使积累；总计（记忆：ag=ac 使，greg=走，ate=动词后缀，走到一起）同义词：congregate使集合，聚集；其反义词segregate：se分开：使分离assess：v 评价，估计n assessment评价Estimate value rate weigh ponder calculate appraise evaluatebankrupt：a 破产的；v 破产；bankruptcy n 破产，倒闭barrier：n 障碍，屏蔽；trade and investment barriers：贸易和投资壁垒mass medium：大众媒介owned medium 自有媒介sold mediumearned mediumhijacked mediumboycott：n\v抵制boycott product：抵制产品commerce：n 商业，贸易；domestic：adj 家庭的，国内的domestic violence：家暴domestic commerce 国内贸易；domestic market：国内市场mass market：大众市场e-commerce：电子商务consolidate：vt 巩固，加强；合并，联合；consolidation：n巩固，联合contract：n 合同，契约；v 订合同，收缩，传染bond：n 合同，债券Government Bond：国债deposit：n 押金；存款withdraw：v 取钱，撤销，撤退domestic：a 国内的drastic: a 严厉的economies：n 国家；emerging economies：发展中国家；impoverished economies：发展中国家rich economies：发达国家estimate：n\v 估计，估价；underestimate：v 低估；overestimate：v高估expand：v 扩大，扩张；expansion：n 扩大，扩展；expansive：a 易扩张的exploit：v 剥削；利用，开发；exploit solar energy 利用太阳能energy consumption：耗力time consumption：费时money consumption：费钱energy-intensive：能源密集型labor-intensive：劳动密集型经济类词汇总结之二economic decline：经济衰退，经济下滑；Slowing economy：缓慢的经济softening economy：疲软的经济slackening economy：疲软的经济depression：大萧条stagnant：adj 停滞的supply-cut：切断供应oil shock：石油动荡digit：n 数位（比如12就是double-digit 两个数位）inflation：通货膨胀deflation：通货紧缩push up：价格上涨suspend：v 悬挂；中止（词根记忆：pend：悬，挂，称重，支付）；suspension：n 中止，暂停词根记忆：pend：悬，挂，支付expenditure：ex向外+pend支出+iture 名词后缀n.1.经费，支出retail price：零售价格；whole sale：批发价格sold out：售罄on sale：打折discount：打折，折扣swing：n 摇摆，秋千；v 价格浮动fluctuate：v 价格的波动consumption：消耗量（energy consumption，money consumption，time consumption）inflation：n 通货膨胀；deflation：n 通货紧缩price index：价格指数energy-intensive：能源密集型energy conservation：能源保护commodity price index：物价severe：adj 严重的gross：adj 总的，毛重量n 总额；GDP：gross domestic product：国内生产总值invest：v 投资（invest in real estate：投资房地产）；asset：资产tangible asset：有形资产intangible asset：无形资产liquid asset: 流动资产illiquid \fixed asset：固定资产investment：n 投资；investor：投资者monopoly：n垄断；专营服务anti—monopoly：反垄断；monopoly price：垄断价格；gain\hold\ secure a monopoly：获得\持有\得到专利权；monopolize：v独占，垄断单词记忆：mono=一个，mono+logue（说）=一个人说话，独白；mono+cycle（轮子）=独轮车mono+arch（管理）=君主，帝王mono+oxide氧化物=一氧化碳经济类词汇总结之三monetary policy: 货币政策central banker：中央银行poll：n 民意调查；v 选票slack：v 懈怠；经济萧条capacity utilization：生产利用率incentive：n 刺激，鼓励，激励(act as\create\provide incentive 成为\产生\提供动力）outcome: n 结果是，结果，成果（the outcome of competition is survival of the fittest:竞争的结果是优胜劣汰）A desirable\favorable\an inevitable outcome:称心的\有利的\不可避免的结果plunge：n\v 猛跌（股票的猛跌）；跳进；投入（A plunge into debt: 背债）slump：n\v 暴跌，下降prompt: v 促使，推动，激起a 敏捷的，迅速的proportion：n 部分，份儿；比例；均衡（in proportion to 与...成比例；out of proportion 不成比例）；a large proportion of 相当多quantify：v 定量，量化random：a 任意的，随机的；n 随机，随意；at random：任意地，随机地rebound：n\v 反弹；economic rebound：经济反弹restrict：v 限制，约束triple：n 三倍（tri：前缀，三）；tricycle：三轮车quadruple：四倍（quadru：前缀，四）underway：a 在进行中recovery：n恢复；economic recovery：经济复苏revival：n 复苏；economic revival：经济复苏经济类词汇总结之四administer：v 管理，治理；执行，实施；administration：n 管理，精英analyze: v 分析，研究appraise：v 评定，鉴定，评价；appraisal：n 评价，估计：assets appraisal：资产评估appropriate：a 适当的，恰当的；v挪用，盗用；appropriate public money：挪用公款inappropriate：a 不适当的；appropriation：n 挪用，盗用；拨款array：n 大堆，大量；an array of facts\information: 一连串的事实\信息bond：n 结合（物），连接；债券，契约；Government Bond 国债breach：n 破坏，违反:penalty for breach of contract:违约金\ breach of promise\peace 毁约，食言\扰乱治安；v破坏，违反：breach an agreement 违反约定circulate：v使循环，使流通；circulating capital：流动资本；circulation：n 循环；流通commonwealth：n 政治实体，联邦：commonwealth of Independence State(CIS) 独立国家联合体confidential：a 机密的，秘密的：confidential information\files 机密情报\文件crisis：n 危机，危急关头：economic\financial crisis 经济\财政危机；crisis of belief：信仰危机；come to\reach a crisis 陷入危机；in crisis 在危机中defence：n 防御，保护；辩护，答辩Department of Defense 国防部dispose：v处理；处置；dispose of 处理；处置；disposal：n 处理，处置；disposable a 用完即可丢弃的，一次性的impetus：n 推动力，促进；great\considerable\powerful impetus:大力推动；add\give\provide impetus to 给予、提供推动index：n 索引：alphabetical index：字母索引；指标，指数，标志：CPI(Consumer Price Index) 消费者物价指数；stock index：股票指数manipulate：v 操纵，控制，影响；熟练地使用；manipulation：n 操作，操纵manufacture：n 制造，制造业；v 制造，加工merge：v 使结合，合并；merger n 合并，归并mortgage：n 按揭，抵押贷款（单词记忆：mort死+gage抵押品=按揭，抵押）precede：v 在...之前，先于（单词记忆：pre 在...之前+cede走：走在...之前）；preceding：a 在先的，前面的；precedent：n 先例，范例，惯例经济类词汇总结之五propel：v推进，推动，激励；propeller：n 推进器，螺旋桨prosper：v 繁荣，兴旺，成功；prosperous：a 繁荣的，兴旺的；prosperity：n 富足，兴旺；Common prosperity：共同富裕quantitative：a 数量的，定量的；quantitative analysis：定量分析reciprocal：a 相互的，互惠的resultant：a 作为结果的，因而发生的smuggle：v 走私，偷运；smuggler：n 走私者；smuggling：n 走私活动wholesale：n 批发；the wholesale trade: 批发业；wholesale prices 批发价格yield：n 产量，收获v 屈服，服从；yield to 屈服于...听从allocate：v 分配，分派；housing allocation：住房分配assemble：v 集合，集会；组装，装配benefit：n 利益，好处；v 有益于，使收益；for the benefit of 为了...的利益；be of great benefit to 对...大有裨益commodity：n 商品，物品；fake or inferior quality commodity 假冒伪劣商品；commodity economy：商品经济deficient：a 缺陷的，缺乏的，不足的；deficient funds：租金短缺；deficient supplies：缺乏供应dividend：n 姑息，红利endorse：v 背书；赞同，认可；endorsement ：n 赞同，支持expense：n 花费，消费，费用；income and expense：收支；living expense：生活费用at the expense of...以...为代价generate：v 产生，发生impose：v 把..强加于：do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire:己所不欲勿施于人；征税；impose a fine\tax\restrictions on sb\sth:罚款\征税|强行管制；impose sth on sb 把..强加于inherit：v 继承；inherit sth from sb：从某人那里继承|遗传得到的levy：n 征税，税款：import levy 进口税收v 征收税等：levy taxes on incomes征收所得税经济类词汇总结之5Monetary：a 货币的，金融的：International Monetary Fund: （IMF）国际货币基金组织；monetary policy：货币政策Offset：n\v 补偿，抵消Quota：n 定量，定额，配额：import and export quota system：进出口配额制度Recession：n 经济衰退；an industrial recession：工业衰退Subsidiary：a 辅助的，附带的；n 子公司Tariff：n关税，税率；lower\raise the tariff on imported cars 降低\提高进口汽车的关税Tumble：n 暴跌Withdraw：v 缩回，退出；收回，撤销：withdraw one’s promise\proposal:收回诺言\撤销提议V 提取：withdraw money from an ATM：从ATM机上取钱Advance：n 前进，进步v 推进Bid：n 命令，吩咐；报价，投标；出价：invite for a bid：投标Blackmail：n|v 敲诈，勒索Boom：n 兴旺，迅速发展：there is a boom in.. ..迅速发展Brand：n 商品，品牌，标记Bubble：n 泡沫，虚假，骗局：bubble economy：泡沫经济Capital：n 资金，资本；capitalism：n 资本主义；capitalist：n 资本家Circular：a 圆形的，循环的；circular economy：循环经济Column：n 栏；（报刊）专栏：the financial column：财经专栏curb：v\n 控制，约束：curb housing prices：控制房价；curbing pollution：控制污染Deficit：n 赤字，逆差Surplus：a 过剩的，多余的，盈余的经济类词汇总结之六estate：n 地产，房地产：real estate：房地产gamble：n\v 赌博；投机，冒风险inflation：n 通货膨胀：control\check inflation 控制通货膨胀deflation：n 通货紧缩infrastructure：n 基础结构，基础设施（infra-在...下，低+structure：结构，组织）revenue：n （财政）收入，税收：Internal Revenue Commission 国税局revive：v 使复活，复苏（单词记忆：、re再一次+vive生命）：revive economy\old customs\trends: 复兴经济\再兴旧习惯\重现某趋势；revival：n 复兴：economy revival：经济复苏sanction：v 批准，许可；n 批准，认可：official sanction：正式批准；约束，出发；制裁：economic sanctions：经济制裁；impose\lift sanctions against：实行\取消对...的制裁segment：n 部分，片，段soar：v 高飞，飞翔；物价飞涨，猛增stake：n 利害关系，风险；赌注：be at stake: 利害攸关，在危险中；play for high stakes：下大赌注赌钱standstill：n 停止，停顿：be at\come to\bring sth to a standstill:处于停顿状态statistics：n 统计学；统计；statistical：统计的stock：v 储存；n 备料，库存，现货；股票，公债：stock exchange：证券交易所\\joint stock company：股份公司tangible：a 有形的，实际的，确实的：tangible advantages\proof\assets:实际的优势\确凿的证据\有形资产intangible：a 抽摸不到的，无形的；intangible assets：无形资产transact：v 做交易，办理；transaction：n 交易，业务widespread：a 分布广泛的，普遍的。
政治经济类英语热点词汇
政治经济类英语热点词汇政治经济类英语热点词汇导语：政治经济学是从生产关系方面研究各个阶级在经济发展过程中的地位和作用的经济学。
下面是YJBYS店铺收集整理的'政治经济类的英语词汇，欢迎参考!经济1.必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心remain committed to economic development as our central task2.使中国经济这艘巨轮破浪远航ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance3.新动能异军突起new driving forces emerge4. 培育壮大新动能build up powerful new drivers5.推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business6.建设共享平台create sharing platforms7.世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover8.经济增速换挡the change of pace in economic growth9.经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth10.长江经济带发展战略The Yangtze Economic Belt initiative11.经济运行保持在合理区间The economy operated within an appropriate range.12.提高实体经济的整体素质和竞争力improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy13.支持分享经济发展give our support to the development of a sharing economy14.更好激发非公有制经济活力energize the non-public sector15.依法平等保护各种所有制经济产权provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership16.促进资源型地区经济转型升级promote the economic transformation and upgrading of resource-dependent regions17.顺应国内经济提质增效升级的迫切需要respond to the urgent need to improve the performance of and upgrade China's economy18.为经济发展营造良好环境create an enabling environment for economic development19.国际收支基本平衡a basic balance in international payments20.增强经济发展新动力strengthen the new growth engines21.开放型经济新体制new systems for developing an open economy22.互利合作mutually beneficial cooperation23.国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划(“十三五”规划)the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China(the 13th Five-Year Plan )24.引领经济发展新常态guide the new normal in China’s economic development25.中高速增长medium-high rate of economic growth政治1.一个中国原则 the one-China principle2.与时俱进 keep pace with the times3.综合国力 overall national strength4.共同愿望common desire5.“走出去”(战略)going global6.不结盟 non-alignment7.单边主义 unilateralism8.多边政策 multilateralism9.人口老龄化 aging of population10.人口出生率 birth rate11.“两个一百年”目标 two centenary goals12.推进全面从严治党push forward the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party13.党和国家的根本利益the fundamental interests of the Party and state14.全面小康社会all-round moderately prosperous society15.社会主义现代化国家modern socialist country16.全国各族人民的根本利益the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups in China17.执政地位 the ruling status18.社会主义核心价值观socialist core values19.维护社会和谐稳定 safeguard social harmony and stability20.不断开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面continuously open up new prospects for socialism with Chinese characteristics21.人与自然和谐共生harmony between humankind and nature22.美丽中国建设 Beautiful China Initiative23.资源节约型、环境友好型社会resource-conserving, environmentally friendly society24.国家生态文明试验区 national ecological conservation pilot zone25.重点生态功能区 important ecological area (IEA)26.绿色低碳循环发展产业体系industrial system geared toward green, low-carbon, and circular development27.循环发展引领计划initiative to guide the shift toward circular development28.全民节能行动计划 Nation of Energy Savers Initiative29.计划生育基本国策 basic state policy of family planning30.为政之道，民生为本That government is best which gives prime place to the wellbeing of the people.31.区域协同发展coordinated development between regions32.城乡发展一体化urban-rural integration33.物质文明和精神文明协调发展ensure that cultural-ethical and material development progress together34.协同创新collaborative innovation35.全面建成小康社会决胜阶段the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects36.坚持人民主体地位uphold the principal position of the people37.创新发展 innovative development38.创新是引领发展的第一动力innovation is the primary engine of development.39.协调发展coordinated development40.协调是持续健康发展的内在要求Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy development.41.人与自然和谐发展humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man and nature42.G20峰会主办国 the host of the G2043.G20峰会成员国 G20 members44.嘉宾国 guest countries45.国际组织 international organization46.新兴市场国家 emerging markets47.领导人峰会 Leaders' Summit48.主题 theme49.论坛 forum50.发展中国家 developing countries。
政治经济词汇
Conductive to 有助于博爱universal brotherhood international reserve currency 国际储备货币protectionist trade policy贸易保护主义政策intellectual property rights 知识产权independent innovation 自主创新basic state policy 基本国策well-off society 小康社会High Commissioner 钦差大臣sue for peace 求和open ports to foreign trade 开放通商口岸consular jurisdiction 领事裁判权unilateral most- favoured- nation treatment 最惠国待遇special right 特权semi-colonial and semi-feudal 半封建，半殖民地privileges 优惠indemnities 赔偿concessions 租界the Sino-Japanese war of 1894甲午中日战争scholars知识分子reformists维新派diehards顽固派submit a memorial to上书feudal autocracy封建专制Empress Dowager CiXi 慈禧太后put sb under house arrest 软禁narrowly escape侥幸逃脱Dr .Sun Yat-sen 孙中山基本着眼点the basic focus连续性continuity / consistency力度intensity搞好宏观调控to ensure macro- control 防范于未然forestall and possible trouble积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy阶段性政策interim policy建设国债construction treasury bonds 国债投资funds from the sale of treasury bonds向---倾斜direct towards社会事业social undertakings东北地区等老工业基地northeast China and other old industrial basis增收节支increase revenue and reduce expenditure国际收支平衡international payments 人民币交换率exchange rate for RMB 以市场为导向guided by market forces 信息发布机制information release system抓紧制定quickly formulate严格市场准入enforce market admittance strictly限期改造upgrade within a specified time整顿规范rectify and standardize改扩建工程rebuilding and expansion projects时机opportune moment出台政策introduce policies产业结构industrial structure人力物力财力资源human, material and financial resources自主知识产权proprietary intellectual property rights国家振兴national revival装备制造业equipment manufacturing industry大力发展energetically develop缓解当前矛盾alleviate the current disparities重要的原材料important raw and processed materials交通运输干线transport trunk lines提高资源利用效率use resources more efficiently节约型社会conservation-minded society弄虚作假Resort to deceptive means墨守成规get into a rut明察秋毫be aware of the minutest detail in everything鸣锣开道牟取暴利clear the way for to reapcolossal profit科教兴国战略strategies in rejuvenating the nation through science and technology科技成果转让transfer of scientific and technological achievements环境绿化environment greening环境污染管理environmental pollution control放射性废物处理radioactive waste treatment选举与被选举权have the right to vote and stand for election颁布实施promulgate and put into effect 跑官要官angle for official positions吃大锅饭eat from the same big pot唱高调have the highest sounding brass 据有关人士透露according to people concerned从－角度定义defined in—terms从切身利益from immediate interests 医疗卫生medicine service妇幼保健maternal and child health care少年犯juvenile delinquents高朋distinguished guests第一条article 1第一款section 1条款一clause 1德智体全面发展all- round development of morality,intelligence and physique高等学校institutions of higher learning 社会力量social forces在某――方面in terms of \ in respect of \on the--plane化解break down最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检查院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate五伦five cardinal relationships军事对峙military confrontation炎黄子孙the Chinese descendants仗义执言speak out from a sense of justice 孙中山Yat-sen以公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度the basic economic system in which the public sector plays a dominant role while multiple sectors are also allowed to play their pars for common progress共同发展common progress在这一背景下under such circumstances社会保障体系social security system拉动经济增长bring about economic progress全方位in all sectors and at all levels人均国内生产总值per capita GDP加强做――的力度intensify our efforts in不完善的inadequate不发达的undeveloped新民主主义革命new- democratic revolution社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism基本理论，路线，纲领the basic theory, line and program改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside world中国共产党十一届三中全会the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China党的第一代中央领导集团the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first generation国民经济体系national economic system国内生产总值the gross domestic product独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace经济基础economic base有理想，有道德，有文化，有纪律的公民citizens with lofty ideals ,moral integrity ,better education and good sense of discipline依法治国和以德治国the rule of law and the rule of virtue反对和抵制拜金主义，享乐主义combat and resist money worship and hedonism立党为公，执政为民work for the public and assume power for the people 解放思想，实事求是emancipate the mind and seek truth from the facts主观主义subjectivism民主集中制，党内民主democratic centralism ,inner-party democracy从粗放型经济转变成集约经济shift from extensive economic mode to intensive one促进全球经济一体化foster the global economic integration择优on the basis of merits自重，自省，自励self-discipline, self-examination and self-motivation以权谋私to abuse power for personal gains贪赃枉法take bribes and bend the law 小康社会well -to-do society小康生活well –to-do life四项基本原则the Four Cardinal Principles台独Taiwan’s independence工作策略the working tactics按劳分配distribution according to one’s performances把握大局grasp the overall situation 维持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保健食品hearth-care food奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life地方保护主义regional protectionism不可再生资源non-renewable resources不正之风bad practice摆脱贫困shake off poverty闭关政策closed-door policy超前消费pre-mature consumption大专文凭associate degree党风建设construction of the Party conduct统筹兼顾make overall plans and take all factors into consideration效率优先，兼顾公平give priority to efficiency with consideration to fairness 以人为本people-oriented\ people foremost优势互补have complementary advantages与时俱进advance with the times知识经济knowledge-based economy 综合国力comprehensive national strength支柱产业backbone industry职能转换transformation of functions 振兴中华revitalize the Chinese nation 减员增效downsize for efficiency素质教育education for all-round development赢得市场gain a larger share of the market定向培训training for specific posts使中国经济信息化to base China’s economy on information使中国经济走向世界to make China a more active economic player in the world持续，稳定，协调发展sustained ,stable and coordinated development突发新闻breaking news要闻cover story深度报道feature story小老板lesser boss长江三角洲the Yangtze River Delta Area热销sell like hot cakes表演舞台give full play to their talents 向－致以诚挚的敬意humbly pay tribute to sb科学发展观scientific outlook ondevelopment中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics科学技术是第一生产力science and technology constitute a primary productive force最低生活补助substance allowance学龄儿童school-age children奢侈浪费extravagance人民代表大会制度the system of people’s congress改革开放the policy of reform and opening-up工人阶级的先锋队the vanguard of Chinese working class中国最广大人民的根本利益the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people人民民主专政People’s democratic dictatorship以经济建设为中心to make economic development our central task富强，民主，文明的社会主义现代化国家prosperous ,strong ,democratic and culturally advanced modern socialist country民族区域自治regional autonomy of ethnic minorities霸权主义与强权政治hegemonism and power politics防腐拒变resist corruption ,prevent degeneration永不僵化，永不停滞stay away from rigidity and stagnation不为任何风险所惧fear no risks正确处理改革，发展和稳定的关系to balance reform ,development and stability高度集中的计划经济highly centralized planned economy充满活力的社会主义市场经济robust socialist market economy以――为指导to follow the guidance 经济实力大幅提升economic strength increased substantially改革开放取得重大突破major breakthroughs are made in reform and opening up提高经济效益to improve economic returns降低消耗to reduce consumption of resources二氧化硫排放the discharges of sulfur dioxide顺应时代潮流keep up with the trend of the times增长方式pattern of growth经受住金钱，美色的考验to withstand the test of money and sexual temptation――届全国人大――次会议the –Session of the –National People’s Congress救国救民的道路 a path of salvaging the country and the nation举手表决to vote by a show of hands 开拓创新精神the pioneering and innovative spirit可持续发展sustainable development 傀儡政府puppet government立场坚定to take a firm stand廉洁奉公to be honest in performing one’s official duties廉正建设to build a clean a honest government行政处分administrative discipline punishment一个中心，两个基本点one central task and two basic points一切向钱看to put money above all else独生子女the only child in one’s family产粮大省granary province产品科技含量technological elements of a product长江中下游the middle and lower reaches of Chang jiang River第三产业the tertiary industry无烟工业smokeless industry解决民生问题improve people’s well-being水利枢纽water control project西藏自治区Tibet Autonomous Region liti青藏高原Qinghai-Tibet Plateau西电东送the diversion of electricity from the western to the eastern regions 台湾是中国不可分割的一部分Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory西部打开发the development of the west regions扩大内需to expand domestic demand 应试教育education-oriented education人才枯竭exhaustion of human resources记者招待会press conference财政拨款financial allocation脱贫致富shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity国际惯例international practice合资企业the joint venture特别行政区special administrative region安全第一,预防为主safety first , precaution crucial安慰奖consolation prize颁奖大会award presentation ceremony报销apply for reimbursement闭关政策closed-door policy边远地区remote and border areas秉公办案handle cases impartially秉公执法enforce laws impartially不承诺放弃使用武力not under take to renounce the use of force财务公开keep the public informed of the financial affairs城市规划urban planning城市垃圾city refuse持平hold the line充分利用两个市场，两种资源fully utilize both domestic and international markets and resources促进社会全面进步to promote the social progress in an all-round way恶性循环vicious circle 发展是硬道理development is the absolute need房地产市场 real estate market奉公守法abide by the law and social discipline富民政策policy to enrich people革命老区old revolutionary base areas 基层工作grass-roots work继往开来to continue the past and open up th future加强农业基础地位strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序to build a fair and rational new international political and economic order脚踏实地to be down-to-earth劳动力就业问题the problem of employment on the labor force经过长期不懈的努力through protracted and unremitting efforts经济封锁economic blockade经济技术开发区economic and technological development zone经济机制economic mechanism跨世纪工程trans-century project扩大中等收入者比重raise the proportion of the middle-income group 拉动经济增长to fuel economic growth 劳动合同制度labor contract system历史遗留下来的问题issue rooted in the history立体农业three-dimension agriculture 两岸三地the mainland ,TW and HongKong两个文明一起抓place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress两岸关系the relations across the TW straits乱收费arbitrary charges森林覆盖率forest coverage rate睦邻友好关系good-neighborly and friendly relations扭亏为盈turn losses into gains贫富悬殊wide gap between the richand the poor三农问题issues concerning agriculture countryside and farmers人才储备reserve of talents取信于民attain the people’s trust去伪存真get rid of the fake and retain the genuine求同存异seek common ground while reserving differences切身利益vital interests升级换代to update and upgrade时代的必然要求the inevitable demand of the times试点工程pilot project乡镇企业township enterprises退耕还林to convert cultivated land to forest事业单位public institution市政工程municipal works以经济建设为中心focus on economic construction深化改革，扩大开放deepen reform and expand opening up走出困境extricate oneself from a predicament艰难进取make progress through arduous efforts一往无前press forward with an indomitable will万难不屈yield no difficulties百折不挠keep ion fighting in spite of repeated setbacks受尽屈辱suffer all kinds of humiliation职业道德professional ethics加强社会主义法制建设strengthen the establishment of socialist legal system经济增长与社会进步economic growth and social progress多种经济成分共同发展common development of multi-economic sectors 沿海经济特区special economic zones in coastal areas社会保障制度social security system 新兴市场经济emerging market economy传统计划经济traditional planned economy国民经济预算national economic budget持续，快速，健康的经济发展sustained ,rapid and sound economic development非国有经济non-state economy国有经济state-owned economy消除贫困eliminate poverty加强宏观调空strengthen macro-control经济共同体economic community世界经济多极化multi-polarization of world economy多样化经济diversified economy经济增长点economic growth point经济增长率economic growth rate地区经济regional economy混合经济mixed economy物价指数price index过热的经济overheated economy | 市场干预market intervention紧缩政策deflation policy利率调整adjustment of interest rate 过度货币发行量excessive amount of currency issue适度从紧的货币政策moderately tight monetary policy救济金relief fund供过于求supply exceeds demand供需关系relation between supply and demand抑制房地产热curb the real estate craze经济效益economic efficiency实际收益real earnings政府债券government bond慈善基金benevolent fund财政补助financial aid预期收益expected earnings独家代理exclusive agency现代企业制度modern enterprise system大中型企业large and medium-sizeenterprises扩大自主权expand the right of self-management合格产品eligible product侵犯个人隐私invasion of privacy以和平方式解决国际争端to settle international disputes by peaceful means 流动资产floating assets人才交流talents exchange生活补助living subsidies发挥个人潜力give full play to one’s potential集思广益pool one’s wisdom精简机构streamline government organs扰乱社会秩序disturb the social order 目无法规defy the law and social disciplines要求索赔claim compensation卫生环境sanitary environment国家凝聚力the cohesion force of country文化底蕴the rich cultural deposits生活保障guarantee of life下岗人员the laid-off workers符合民心accord with\echo the aspiration of the people尊重人民首创精神respect the people’s initiative开辟道路blaze a rail of --实践永无止境practice knows no bond勇于变革，勇于创新make bold changes and innovations集中体现 a concentrated expression 同――一脉相承in the same line with立足――fully recognize the basic reality ---统筹兼顾各方面利益accommodate the interests of all parties人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产力之间的矛盾the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level social productive forces 自甘落后resign to backwardness脱离实际，急于求成unrealistic pursuit of quick results着力解决spare no effort to solve全面提高对外开放水平to improve the work of opening up in an all-round way文明素质ethical standards弘扬良好的思想道德风尚promote\uphold moral integrity惠及――benefit---不安宁的世界 a world far from being tranquil增强忧患意识to enhance the sense of urgency居安思危think of danger in times of peace前进道路上的困难与风险difficulties and risks that may arise on our road ahead全国各族人民the people of all ethnic groups of the country紧密团结在党中央周围rally closely around the Party Central Committee万众一心work with one heart and one mind in a joint在曲折中amid twists and turns。
中英文政治经济词汇
Establishment of socialist market economy
社会主义市场经济的建立
Relationships among reform, development and stability
改革发展和稳定的关系
Deepening of reform and promotion of development
放松紧缩的货币政策
Adequate amount of the money supply
适度货币供应量
Excessive amount of currency issue
过度货币发行量
Balance between supply and demand
供需平衡
MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY
经济技术开发区
Special economic zones in coastal areas
沿海经济特区
Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked
家庭联产承包责任制
Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor
Tight control on investment in fixed assets
紧缩固定资产投资控制
Tight financial and monetary policy
从紧的金融货币政策
Moderately tight monetary policy
适度从紧的货币政策
Loosening tight monetary policy
抓住机遇，深化改革，
政治经济类词汇
Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区One country, two systems 一国两制Special administrative region 特别行政区Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Eliminate poverty 消除贫困Common prosperity 共同富裕ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济State-owned economy 国有经济Non-state economy 非国有经济Collective economy 集体经济Individual economy 个体经济Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展Market economy 市场经济Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Open-door to the outside world 对外开放Opening up 扩大开放Open domestic market 开放国内市场。
汉语政治经济术语中数字的英译
汉语政治经济术语中数字的英译随着中文经济和政治领域的发展，汉语中涉及到数字的术语也越来越多。
以下是汉语政治经济术语中数字的英译：
1. GDP（Gross Domestic Product）国内生产总值
2. CPI（Consumer Price Index）消费者价格指数
3. PPI（Producer Price Index）生产者价格指数
4. PMI（Purchasing Managers' Index）采购经理人指数
5. FDI（Foreign Direct Investment）外商直接投资
6. RMB（Renminbi）人民币
7. BRI（Belt and Road Initiative）一带一路倡议
8. G20（Group of Twenty）二十国集团
9. WTO（World Trade Organization）世界贸易组织
10. IMF（International Monetary Fund）国际货币基金组织
以上是一些常见的汉语政治经济术语中数字的英译，它们在全球经济贸易中扮演着非常重要的角色。
了解这些词汇将帮助我们更好地理解和参与国际贸易和经济活动。
常见政治经济类词汇精选
常见政治经济类词汇精选安居工程 Housing project for low-income urban residents按揭贷款 Mortgage loan按劳分配 Distribution according to one ’s performance搬迁户Relocated families办实事 Bring tangible benefits to半拉子工程 Uncompleted project保持国民经济发展的良好势头Maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保税区 The low-tax ,tariff-free zone; bonded area不良贷款 Non-performing loans菜篮子工程 Shopping Basket Program拆迁补偿费 Compensation for demolition承包土地 Contracts for land management/contract farming城乡职工医疗保险制度改革Medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革Reform of the urban housing system出口创汇能力Capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports出口退税制度The system of refunding taxes on exported goods;export(tax)rebate出口转内销 Domestic sales of commodities originally produced for exports 传统产业 Conventional industries春运 (Passenger)transport during the Spring Festival辍学率 Dropout rate粗放式管理 Extensive management促进公平分配Promote fair distribution of social wealth促进经济一体化Foster integration with the global economy打假Crack down on counterfeit goods大满贯 Grand slam大学生创业 University students ’ innovative undertaking||University s t u d e nt s starting business待业 Job-waiting倒票 Speculative reselling of tickets盗版 VCD Pirated VCD盗用公款 Embezzlement低调 Low keyed低生育水平 A low fertility level低水平重复建设Low-level redundant d evelopment地方保护主义Regional protectionism第八个五年计划The Eighth Five-year plan第三代移动电话 (3G 手机) Third generation mobile; 3G mobile调控宏观经济运行Regulate operation of the macroeconomy豆腐渣工程 Jerry-built project独立和平的外交政策Independent foreign policy of peace 对外招商 Attract foreign Investment多种形式的保障制度Different forms of security system 发展不平衡 Disparate development知识产权 Intellectual property rights经济增长 8% economy to grow by 8%国内生产总值GDP（Gross Domestic Product ）实践“绿色GDP”the practice of “Green GDP ”健康、快速发展to drive ahead sound and fast结构调整 structural adjustment国家外汇储备State foreign exchange reserves贸易顺差 trade surplus积极的财政政策 a proactive fiscal p olicy适度宽松的货币政策 a moderately easy monetary policy 通胀预期 inflation expectations稳定物价总水平keep the overall level of prices stable地方财政预算local government budgets连续四年 For four years in a row比上年增加 a year-on-year increase每人的，人均的 per capita小康社会 moderately prosperous society宏观调控 macroeconomic regulatory扩大内需 boosting domestic demand人均纯收入 net per capita income户籍制度改革 reform of household registration system 培育新的经济增长点fostering new areas of economic growth国际收支状况 balance of payments房价过快上涨 precipitous rise of housing prices。
高中阶段的英语政治经济词汇英语知识点
高中阶段的英语政治经济词汇英语知识点1. 政治词汇：政治经济词汇在高中阶段的英语学习中占据重要的地位。
以下是一些常见的政治词汇及其英语表达：1.1 政府（Government）- The government plays a crucial role in implementing policies and providing services to its citizens.- The government is responsible for maintaining law and order in the country.1.2 国家（Nation）- Our nation is known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse population.- The nation's economy has been growing steadily over the past decade.1.3 民主（Democracy）- Democracy allows citizens to participate in decision-making processes and elect their representatives.- In a democratic society, freedom of speech and expression are protected.1.4 政策（Policy）- The government implemented new policies to promote economic growth and reduce unemployment.- The foreign policy of a country determines its relations with other nations.1.5 选举（Election）- Candidates campaign vigorously before the election to gain the support of the voters.- The results of the election will determine the future direction of the country.2. 经济词汇：在高中阶段的英语学习中，了解和掌握一些经济词汇也是非常重要的。
社会政治与经济常用词汇
社会政治与经济常用词汇社会政治与经济类英语热点词汇Earning 收益，收入，工资accumulated earnings 积累收益annual earnings 年收益earning assets 盈利资产earning capacity 盈利能力earning of capital 资本收益earnings after tax 税后收益earnings before interest and income tax (EBIT) 税前收益earnings per share (EPS) 每股平均收益earnings rate 收益率earnings ratio 收益率earnings target 收益目标gross earnings 毛利，毛收益real earnings 实际收益retained earnings 留存收益Economic 经济的economic analysis 经济分析economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区economic base 经济基础economic community 经济共同体economic cooperation zone 经济协作区economic crisis 经济危机economic cycle 经济周期economic depression 经济萧条economic efficiency 经济效益economic entity 经济实体economic forecast 经济预测economic foundation 经济基础economic growth rate 经济增长率economic integration 经济一体化economic miracle 经济奇迹economic order 经济秩序economic policy 经济政策economic potential 经济潜力economic prospect 经济展望economic recovery 经济复苏economic sanctions 经济制裁economic situation 经济形势economic system 经济体制，经济制度economic value 经济价值East Asia Economic Rim 东亚经济圈Economics 经济学economics of industry 工业经济学economics of management 管理经济学economics of scale 规模经济学Economy 经济closed economy 闭关自守经济commodity economy 商品经济economy measure 经济手段economies of scale 规模经济market economy 市场经济mixed economy 混合经济planned economy 计划经济Effective 有效的，实际的effective exchange rate 实际汇率effective liability 实际负债Efficiency 效率，有效性efficiency in operation 经营效率Efficient 高效率的，有效的efficient market 有效市场efficient portfolio 高效率投资Eligible 合格的，合法的eligible bidders 合格的投标商eligible products 合格产品Emergency loan 紧急贷款Emerging 新兴的emerging industry 新兴产业emerging market economy 新兴市场经济emerging nation 新兴国家Employee 职员，雇员employee benefits 职工福利employee pensions 职工养老金employee retirement fund 职工退休基金employee stock ownership plan 职工持股计划employee’s association 职工联合会employee’s insurance fund 职工保险基金employees’representative 职工代表employee’s rights 职工权力Employer 雇主employer’s association 雇主联合会Employment 就业，职业employment agency 职业介绍所employment application 就此申请employment certificate 就业证明employment contract 就业合同employment opportunities 就业机会full employment 充分就业Encourage 鼓励encourage investment 鼓励投资Endowment 养老金，捐赠endowment insurance 养老保险Energy 能源energy crisis 能源危机Enforcement 强制执行enforcement measure 强制措施Engineer 工程师Engineering 工程Enhance 加强，提高Enlarge 扩大enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Entrepreneur 企业家Enterpreneurial 企业家的enterpreneurial courage 企业家的胆略enterpreneurial spirit 企业家精神Enterprise 企业backbone enterprise 骨干企业central enterprises 中央企业collectively-owned enterprises 集体企业combined enterprise 联合企业enterprise accounting 企业会计enterprise development fund 企业发展基金enterprise law 企业法enterprises’management mechanisms 企业管理机制foreign-funded enterprises 外资企业large and medium-size enterprises 大中型企业local enterprises 地方企业modern enterprise system 现代企业制度money-lossing enterprises 亏损企业state-owned enterprises 国有企业township enterprises 乡镇企业Entertainment 娱乐，交际entertainment duty 筵席税，娱乐税Environment 环境environment protection 环境保护Equal 同等的，相同的equal employment opportunity 同等就业机会Equally competition 平等竟争Equipment 设备equipment leasing 设备租赁equipment trust bond 设备信托债券Equity 权益，股本，资产净值equity account 权益帐户equity capital 自有资本，股权资本equity capital transaction 产权资本转让equity capital turnover 产权资本周转率equity earnings 参股收益，股本盈利equity financing 产权筹资equity investment 股本投资equity market 权益市场equity ownership 资本所有权equity security 股票equity share 普通股票equity stock 股票，产权股票equity to assets ratio 权益对资产比率equity to debt ratio 权益对债务比率equity transaction 净值交易Establishment 建立establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Estate 不动产，房地产，财产，遗产estate tax 遗产税bankrupt’s estate 破产者财产Estimate 预算，估算estimate budget 概算Estimated 预计的，估计的estimated cost 估计成本estimated tax 估计税额Estimation 估计，鉴别European Currency Unit 欧洲货币单位European common market 欧洲共同市场European Monetary Unit 欧洲货币联盟Evaluation 估价，评价evaluation of performance 业绩评价evaluation principle 估价原则evaluation sheet 估价单Evaluator 评估员Even 公平的，偶数even bargain 公平交易even exchange 公平交换Evidence 证明，证据，证人evidence of title 所有权证明Examination 检查，审查examination of title 审查所有权Exceptional 例外的，特别的exceptional case 例外情况exceptional court 特别法院Excess 额外的，余额，超额excess profit 超额利润Excessive 过多的，过度的excessive growth 过度增长excessive inflation 过度通货膨胀excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力excessive profit 超额利润Exchange 交换，交易exchange control 外汇控制free exchange rate 自由汇率stock exchange regulation 股票交易规定Exclusive 独家的，专营的exclusive agency 独家代理exclusive sale 专营，包销Executive 执行的executive board 董事会executive committee 执行委员会Exempt 豁免，免除exempt from taxation 免税exempt income 免税收入Expected 预期的expected capacity 预计生产能力expected earning 预期收益expected profit 预期利润expected return 语期收益Expenditure 支出，费用expenditure on capital account 资本帐户支出gross domestic expenditure 国内支出总额Expense 支出，费用depreciation expenses 折旧费entertainment expenses 交际费，招待费expense budget 费用概算expenses of bankruptcy proceedings 破产手续费research and development expenses 研究开发费travel expenses 差旅费Export 出口，输出export of capital 资本输出export subsidy 出口补贴export tax 出口税Extensive 粗放的extensive management 粗放经营External 外部的external debt 外债Extra 额外的extra cost 额外成本extra profit 额外收入FFace 表面，票面face amount of bond 债券票面金额face interest rate 债券票面利率face value of share 股票票面价值Facility 设施，设备，服务机构facility charge 设备费facility cost 设备成本Factor 要素，因子factor analysis 因素分析factor of production 生产要素Factory 工厂factory overhead 工厂费用Fail 丧失支付能力，破产Failure 破产，倒闭，失败，无支付能力debtor’s failure 债务人破产Fair 交易会，公平的，合理的fair and reasonable price 公平合理价格fair dealing 公平交易fair market competition 公平市场竟争fair market value 公平市场价格fair rate of profit 公平利润率fair rate of return 公平收益率fair trade registration 公平交易法规fair valuation 合理估价fair-price shop 平价商店FallFallingFalse 假的false account 假帐false bill 假单据false tax 瞒税Family 家庭，家族family business 家族企业family company 家族公司family economy 家庭经济family farm 家庭农场Famous 有名的famous-brand products 名牌产品Farm 农场farm population 农业人口farm surplus 剩余农产品Farmer 农民，农场主Farming 农业Favorable 有利的，赞成的favorable interest rate 优惠利率favorable trade balance 贸易顺差Feasibility study 可行性研究Federal 联邦的Federal Agency 联邦政府机构Federal Fund Rate 美国联邦基金利率federal income tax 联邦所得税Federal Reserve Board 联邦储备局Federal Trade Commission 联邦贸易委员会FIFO (first in first out) 先进先出Final 最后的final account 决算帐户final date 截止日期final dividend 期末股息final settlement 决算Finance 财政，金融finance company 财务公司，金融公司Financer 金融家Financial 财政的，金融的，财务的all-purpose financial statement 通用财务报表certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计标准委员会financial advisor 财务顾问financial aid 财政补助financial budgeting 财务预算编制financial crisis 财政危机financial future 金融期货financial group 财团financial institution 金融机构financial lease 融资租赁financial leverage 财务杠杆financial market 金融市场financial position 财务状况financial statement 财务报表financial status 财务状况financial system 金融体系，金融制度financial year 财政年度non-bank financial instititions 非银行金融机构Financing 筹资，融资，提供资金bank financing 银行融资financing corporation 金融公司financing cost 融资成本financing mix’s risk and reward 融资组合的风险和回报Financially troubled company 财政遇到困难的公司Fire 解雇，火灾Firm 公司，企业，商号collective firm 合作企业private firm 非上市公司，私有企业state-owned firm 国有企业state-run firm 国有企业Fiscal 财务的，财政的fiacal burden 财政负担fiscal capital 金融资本fiscal fuction 财政功能fiscal measure 财政措施Fixed 固定的fixed assets accounting 固定资产核算fixed assets cost 固定资产成本fixed assets depreciation rate 固定资产折旧率fixed assets investment 固定资产投资fixed assets losses in suspense 待处理固定资产损失fixed assets ratio 固定资产比率fixed deposit 定期存款fixed exchange rate 固定汇率fixed mortgage 定期抵押，固定抵押fixed transfer price 固定转让价格investment in fixed assets 固定资产投资Flea market 跳蚤市场Flexible 弹性的，灵活的flexible budget 弹性预算flexible job system 弹性工作制度flexible working hours 弹性工作时间Floating 流动的floating assets 流动资产floating debt 短期债务，流动负债floating exchange rate 浮动汇率floating liability 流动负债floating rate of interest 浮动利率。
政治经济学中英文词汇对照表
世界货币
World curre ncy
资本循环
The circulati on of capital
46
商品拜物教
Thefetishismof
commodities
流通时间
The time of circulati on
47
价值规律
Value law
社会总资本
The aggregate social capital
政治经济学中英文词汇对照表
中文
英文
中文
英文
政治经济学
Political economics
产业后备军
In dustrial reserve army
1
经济
Economy
资本的循环
Capital circulati on
2
经济制度
Econo mic system
资本周转
The turn-over of capital
39
价值形式
Value patter ns
土地价格
Price of Land
40
价值尺度
Measure of value
通货膨胀
In flati on
41
流通手段
Medium of circulati on
货币资本循环
The circulation of money-capital
42
纸币流通规律
Circulati on law of curre ncy
6
资本主义
Capitalism
周转时间
The period of turn-overs
7
资源配置
政治经济专业词汇三
Proprietor 业主Proprietorial right 所有权Proprietorship 业主权，独资，一人拥有全部财产的业主Asset 资产asset account 资产帐户asset depreciation range 资产折旧幅度asset disposal 资产处置asset holdings 资产持有量asset inventory shorts 资产盘亏asset inventory surplus 资产盘盈asset liability ratio 资产负债比率asset retirement 资产报废asset revaluation 资产重估Assets + Liability = Owner’s Equity资产加负债等于所有者权益assets change statement 资产变动表assets disposal 资产处置assets management 资产管理assets out of accounts 帐外资产assets structure 资产结构assets turnover ratio 资产周转比率capital assets 资本资产current assets 流动资产earning assets 有收益的资产fixed assets 固定资产fixed assets inventory shorts 固定资产盘亏fixed assets inventory surplus 固定资产盘盈fixed tangible assets 固定有形资产gross assets 总资产net current assets 流动资产净值net value of fixed assets 固定资产净值non-ledger assets 帐外资产non-productive assets 非生产性资产original value of fixed assets 固定资产原值physical assets 实物资产pledged assets 抵押资产productive assets 生产性资产return on assets 资产收益available assets 可用资产Liability 负债，债务current liability 短期负债direct liability 直接债务fixed liability 长期负债liability account 负债帐户liability dividend 债务股利liability out of book 帐外负债Equity 权益，股本，资产净值equity account 权益帐户equity capital 自有资本，股权资本equity capital transaction 产权资本转让equity capital turnover 产权资本周转率equity earnings 参股收益，股本盈利equity financing 产权筹资equity investment 股本投资equity market 权益市场equity ownership 资本所有权equity security 股票equity share 普通股票equity stock 股票，产权股票equity to assets ratio 权益对资产比率equity to debt ratio 权益对债务比率equity transaction 净值交易Insurance 保险credit insurance 信用保险insurance company 保险公司insurance coverage 保险范围insurance fund 保险基金insurance industry 保险业Bank 银行all-purpose bank 通用银行bank account balance 银行存款余额bank balance sheet 银行财务状况表bank credit 银行信贷bank debt 银行债务bank discount rate 银行贴现率bank holding company 银行控股公司bank interest 银行利息bank line 银行信用额度bank loan 银行借款bank rate 银行贴现率bank reserve 银行准备金bank’s buying rate银行买价bank’s call loan银行同行拆借bank’s selling rate银行卖价clearing bank 清算银行commercial bank 商业银行cooperative bank 合作银行mortgage bank 抵押银行Banking 金融，银行业banking institution 金融机构Banking Law 银行法banking sector 银行部门Check 检查，核对，支票check account 支票帐户check for transfer 转帐支票check up account 对帐Cheque 支票Credit 信用，信贷credit agency 信贷机构credit analysis 信用分析credit and loan 信贷credit bank 信贷银行credit capacity 信贷能力credit capital 信贷资金credit card 信用卡credit crisis 信贷危机credit rating 信用评级credit risk 信贷风险credit standing 商业信誉credit union 信用社rural credit cooperatives 农村信用社urban credit cooperatives 城市信用社Creditor 债权人creditor bank 债权银行creditor country 债权国creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人creditor’s equity债权人权益creditor’s meeting债权人大会secure d creditors’ committee有抵押债权人委员会unsecured creditors’ committee无抵押债权人委员会Crisis 危机crisis export 转嫁危机crisis of confidence 信任危机Cumulative 累积的cumulative balance 累积余额cumulative preference share 累积优先股份Currency 货币currency crisis 货币危机currency devaluation 货币贬值currency revaluation 货币增值Discount 贴现，折扣，减价debt discount 债务贴现discount bank 贴现银行discount bond 按面值折价发行的债券discount cash flow 现金收支折现法discount factors 贴现系数表discount for cash 贴现discount interest 贴现利息discount liability 折价债务discount loan 贴现贷款discount market 贴现市场discount method 折扣方法discount of bill 票据贴现discount on share 股票折价discount on stock 股本折价discount rate 贴现率，折扣率discount securities 折扣证券Discounted 已贴现的，已折扣的discounted cash flow technique 现金流量折现法discounted present value 贴现后的现值Interest 利息，股利interest free deposit 无息存款interest free loan 无息贷款interest income 利息收益interest on principal 本息interest rate on deposits 存款利率interest rate risk 利率风险interest-rate cuts 利率下调interest-rate reductions 利率下调Loan 贷款，借贷，借款loan bank 贷款银行loan capital 借贷资本loan financing 贷款筹措loan fund 贷款基金loan guarantee 贷款担保loan interest 贷款利息loan receivable 应收贷款loan-deposit ratio 贷款存款比率allocations of special drawing rights 特别提款权分配额Duty 关税Dumping 倾销dumoing code 反倾销法案dumoing duty 倾销税dumping export 倾销出口dumping price 倾销价格Duration 期限Duty 关税countervailing duty 分倾销性关税duty drawback 关税退税duty free 免税merger and acquisition 兼并与收购Acquiring enterprise 购方企业Acquisition （公司间的）收购，获得acquisition agreement 收购协议acquisition approach 收购方法acquisition criteria 收购标准acquisition cost 收购成本acquisition price 收购价格acquisition process 收购过程acquisition program 收购程序acquisition value 购置价值friendly acquisition 善意收购(hostile takeover) 敌意收购internal acquisition team 内部收购小组international acquisition 国际收购Horizontal 水平的，横向的horizontal acquisition 横向收购horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并horizontal integration 横向联合horizontal merger 横向兼并Vertical 垂直的，纵向的vertical acquisition 纵向收购vertical consolidation 纵向合并vertical integration 纵向合并vertical merger 纵向兼并Leverage 杠杆作用，借贷机会Leveraged buy-out (LBO’s)杠杆收购Leveraged lease 杠杆租赁Bankrupt 破产bankrupt’s assets破产者的财产Bankruptcy 破产act of bankruptcy 破产法案arrangement in bankruptcy court 迫产法庭调解bankruptcy administrator 破产管理人bankruptcy amendment act 破产修正案bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第7 章（清算）bankruptcy code chapter 11--- reorganization 破产法第11章(重组）bankruptcy court 破产法院bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人bankruptcy judge 破产判决bankruptcy law 破产法bankruptcy notice 破产公告bankruptcy ordinance 破产条例bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产bankruptcy proceedings 破产程序bankruptcy rules 破产规定bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人declaration of bankruptcy 宣布破产bankrupt’s assets破产者的财产Bankruptcy 破产act of bankruptcy 破产法案arrangement in bankruptcy court 迫产法庭调解bankruptcy administrator 破产管理人bankruptcy amendment act 破产修正案bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第7 章（清算）bankruptcy code chapter 11--- reorganization 破产法第11章(重组）bankruptcy court 破产法院bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人bankruptcy judge 破产判决bankruptcy law 破产法bankruptcy notice 破产公告bankruptcy ordinance 破产条例bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产bankruptcy proceedings 破产程序bankruptcy rules 破产规定bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人declaration of bankruptcy 宣布破产Bond 债券，证券，公债bond broker 债券经纪人bond creditor 债券债权人bond discount 债券折价bond issue 债券发行bond market 债券市场bond premium 债券溢价bond rating agency 债券评级机构bond yield 债券收益callable bond 通知偿还债券convertible bond 可转换债券government bond 政府债券junk bond 拉圾债券listed bond 挂牌债券，上市证券mortgage bond 抵押债券municipal bond 市政债券preference bond 优先债券，优先股registered bond 记名债券treasury bond 国库债券unlisted bond 未挂牌债券，未上市证business administration 企业管理，工商管理business assets 营业资产business competition 商业竟争business credit 商业贷款business efficiency 经济效率business entity 企业实体business ethics 商业道德business license 营业执照business management 企业管理business performance 经营成绩business policy 经营方针business representative 商务代表business risk 经营风险business strength 业务实力business tax 营业税business valuation 经济评价，企业评估Centralization 集中管理方式，集中化centralization and decentralization 集中与分散Management 管理Manage 管理，经营Managrd 管理的，经营的Management 管理central management 集中管理enterprise’s management企业管理management accounting 管理会计management by objectives (MBO) 目标管理management decision 管理决策management function 管理职能management quality management information system 管理信息系统personnel management 人事管理Manager 经理，管理人员，经营者accounting manager 会计主管assistant general manager 助理，副总经理general manager 总经理Managerial 管理的managerial decision-making process 管理决策程序managerial economics 管理经济学managerial know-how 管理专门知识Loan 贷款，借贷，借款loan bank 贷款银行loan capital 借贷资本loan financing 贷款筹措loan fund 贷款基金loan guarantee 贷款担保loan interest 贷款利息loan receivable 应收贷款loan-deposit ratio 贷款存款比率。
时事政治经济术语词汇中英文对照讲义
时事政治术语词汇中英文对照civil partnership：民事伴侣关系witness：证人deploy：部署hard line：强硬路线lash out：严厉斥责clinical trial：临床试验abstention：弃权stoppage：中止；中断vaccinate：接种疫苗detonate：引爆；爆炸mascot：吉祥物cull：扑杀field work：实地考察riot：骚乱；暴动derail：脱轨；出轨stampede：蜂拥；踩踏stamp out：扑灭runoff：决定性竞选adjournment：延期；休会trilogy：三部曲touch down：着陆；落地Low profile：低调的形象cold front：冷锋blast off：发射；升空launch pad：发射台relief：救济；救济品aftershock：余震mire：陷入困境mastermind：策划felony：重罪hearing：听证会bear down on：逼近power-for-money deal：权钱交易exit poll：投票后民调standoff：僵局theme park：主题公园hunt down：追捕直至抓获tenure：任期bustling：熙熙攘攘的overshadow：投上阴影hands-on：亲自参与deplore：深表遗憾hordes of：成群的death toll：死亡人数sexual harassment：性骚扰constitution：宪法deliberate on：审议martyr：烈士；殉难者military exercises：军事演习clamp down on：施压于；压制Fatality：死亡；宿命Cruise missile：巡航导弹Whopping：巨大的Reconnaissance：侦察，踏勘Touch down：着陆，降落Smother：使熄灭，使窒息Haze：薄雾Remand：还押，押候Submarine：潜艇Sticking point：症结Protracted：延长的Bloodthirsty：残忍的Amphibious assault vehicle：水陆两用装甲车Surveillance：监视，监督Recess：休会；暂时中断Jetliner：喷气式客机Downpour：倾盆大雨Half brother：异父或异母兄弟Desolate：荒凉的，无人烟的Compare notes：交换意见Drought：旱灾；干旱季节Erode：腐蚀；使减少、减弱Defending champion：卫冕冠军Hunger strike：绝食抗议Disaffected：不忠的，不满的Seal off：封锁，阻隔Strand：使陷于困境Tribunal：特等法庭Sabotage：蓄意破坏Devout：虔敬的，诚恳的Operation：军事行动Shucks：歉意，失望Hand out：分发，施舍Rear-end：追尾Shed light on：使某事清楚Overrun：蹂躏，侵占Barbed：有刺的Margin of error：误差幅度Disarmament：裁军，解除武装Head for：动身，前往Double-decker：双层巴士Outskirts：市郊，郊外Edge out：微微胜过Anonymity：匿名，无名Blistering：酷热的Envoy：外交使节，特使Launch window：发射时限Upbeat：乐观的，愉快的Disrespectful：失礼的，无礼的Aggression：侵略；挑衅美国政治术语全记录之英汉对照(A-G)academic freedom：(学术自由) affirmative action:(弱族辅助行动) AFL-CIO：Abbreviation for the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations, (美国联邦工会)Alaskan pipeline：(阿拉斯加石油运输管道)alderman：(AWL-duhr-muhn) A member of a city council. 市政代表American Civil Liberties Union：美国民权自由同盟.American Dream：美国梦American Legion：美国老兵会antitrust legislation：反托拉斯立法apportionment：议会席位分配appropriation：拨款arbitration：仲裁Atomic Energy Commission：原子能委员会attorney general of the United States：美国司法部长block grant: 一种联邦对各州的拨款blue laws:蓝色法令,通常是限制酒吧及酒类在星期天营业或销售的法令. branches of government:政府各部门broad construction:广义解释(指对宪法) busing:公车接送学生.(反种族歧视的手段之一)cabinet:内阁, 包括14个联邦政府部长campaign finance reform:竞选资助改革capital offense:死罪, 包括谋杀和叛国罪等可能被判死刑的犯罪capital punishment:死刑Capitol Hill:国会山caucus:(KAW-kuhs) 美国的党代会Central Intelligence Agency:中央情报局checks and balances:(权力)制衡civil liberties:民事自由civil rights:民事权利clear and present danger:显而易见的危险(一种限制言论自由的标准.) closed primary:闭锁式初选，排他性预选cloture:(KLOH-chuhr) 以表决结束辩论coattail effect:裙带关系影响commander in chief:全军统帅(指战争状态的总统)confirmation hearings:确认听证Congress:国会Congressional Record:国会记录. conscientious objector:拒服兵役者Constitution, United States:美国宪法. containment, policy of:牵制外交政策contempt of Congress:藐视国会contempt of court:藐视法庭court of appeals:上诉法院cruel and unusual punishment:异常酷刑dark horse:黑马de facto segregation:种族隔离defendant:The party that is being sued in court. (Compare plaintiff.)Democrat:民主党员.Department of Agriculture:农业部Department of Commerce:商业部Department of Defense:国防部, 总部设在Pentagon.(五角大楼) Department of Education:教育部Department of Energy:能源部Department of Health and Human Services:健康及公共事业部Department of Housing and Urban Development:住宅及城市发展部Department of Justice:司法部Department of Labor:劳动部Department of State:国务院,(与中国不同,该相当于外交部,首脑叫国务卿(secretary of state.)Department of the Interior:内务部Department of the Treasury:财政部Department of Transportation:交通部Department of Veterans Affairs:退役军人事务部direct primary:一种选举程序,中国无对应的名词,遂附英语原注释An election in which voters choose candidates to run on a party’s ticket in a subsequent election for public office. district attorney:地区检控官(律师) dollar diplomacy:美元外交domino theory:多米诺理论(指对一个主要的共产党国家失去控制将导致区域性共产主义运动.donkey:驴,民主党的徽记double jeopardy:双重处罚,指在统一管辖范围对统一犯罪审判两次.该属宪法禁止的.draft:抓壮丁式的征兵draft dodger:逃壮丁者Drug Enforcement Administration:毒品管理署due process of law:正当审判原则, 指公民未经正当合法的司法程序不得被剥夺生命,自由和财产.E pluribus unum:众多中的一个.(拉丁语美国格言,印在美国货币上)Eastern Establishment:东部权势集团Electoral College:选民代表(选民选出的再投票代表们)elephant:象(共和党党徽) entitlements:联邦资助项目(复) Environmental Protection Agency:环保署Equal Employment Opportunity Commission:平等就业机会委员会equal opportunity:机会平等(教育,就业,人权等方面)equal protection of the laws:法律面前人人平等Equal Rights Amendment:平权修正案equal time:指政党代表在电视,电台辩论发言时间均等ex post facto:溯及既往ex post facto law:溯及既往的法律 (为宪法所禁止)executive branch:执行部门farm bloc:国会里的农业集团favorite son:最佳候选人Federal Bureau of Investigation:联邦调查局federalism:联邦制fellow traveler:同党felony:重罪Fifth Amendment:第五修正俺filibuster:为阻挠议事而进行的冗长发言First Amendment:第一修正案Foggy Bottom:雾底(美国国务院的昵称,取自原座落地名)Foreign Relations Committee:对外关系委员会Foreign Service:住外事务处,(外交使团的总称)Fourteenth Amendment:十四修正案. franchise:政治上指投票权freedom of assembly:集会自由freedom of association:结社自由freedom of religion:宗教自由. freedom of speech:言论自由. freedom of the press:新闻自由friend of the court:指法庭顾问gay rights:同性恋权利.gender gap:性别隔阂.指男女之间日见明显的投票倾向的差异gerrymander:指执政党为保持选举优势采取的重划选区以削弱反对党选民范围的方法.Good Neighbor policy:罗斯福对拉丁美洲的好邻居政策GOP:Abbreviation of Grand Old Party, 大老党,共和党的别称grand jury:大陪审团guilt by association:连坐gunboat diplomacy:炮舰外交habeas corpus:人身保护hawks and doves:鹰派与鸽派hearsay:传闻homicide:他杀(有合法非法之分) House of Representatives:众议院hung jury:未作出裁决的陪审团政治用语英汉翻译马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in theprimary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
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政治经济活动遵纪守法to observe discipline and abide by the low走共同致富的道路to take the road to common prosperity自留地individual farm plots=private plots of land自负盈亏to be responsible for one’s own profit and loss专业户specialized household抓住经济建设这个中心to commit ourselves to the central task of ecoomic development重复建设to build redundant project=duplication of similar projects重点扶贫县designated poverty-stricken countries中央the central government治理整顿to improve the economic environment and rectify the economic order治理三乱to put a stops=eliminate indiscriminate fines,charges and levies支农惠农政策policies to support and benefit agriculture,rural areas and farmers政企分开to separate government functions from enterprise management宰人rip-off跃上新台阶to reach a new high有经济头脑的人commercially minded people=people with business sense优生优育to promote good prenatal and postnatal care以权谋私to abuse power for personal gains移风易俗to transform outmoded habit and custom依法治国to rule the country in accodance with law一切向钱看money-mania=money-mad一刀切sweeping approach=action in disregard of objective conditions严防死守life-and-death defense严打to crack down on crimes and social evils亚运村Asian Games Village姓社姓资问题distinction of what is socialism and what is capitalism星火计划Spark Program小商品市场smalls fair小康生活to lead a relatively comfortable life小康社会a well-off society乡镇企业township enterprise=rural enterprise下硬功夫to make intensive efforts下海to take the plunge into private business下岗人员the laid-off物质文明material progress五讲四美运动the movement of “five stresses and four points of beauty”:to promote civility,courtesy,tidiness,prderliness and integrity五讲四美三热爱five stresses,four points of beauty and three aspects of love五好家庭five-virtue family温饱问题the problem of inadequate foo and clothing晚婚晚育late marriage and postponement of childbearing歪风邪气unhealthy practices and evil phenomena脱贫to shake off poverty四有公民citizens who have high ideals,moral integrity,a good education and a strong sense of discipline事业编制staffing of government affiliated institutions实事求是to pursue a realistic and pragmatic approach十年计划和“八五”计划纲要the guideline of the Ten-Year Programme and the Eight Five-Year Plan十年动乱the ten chaotic years生态补偿机制ecological damage compensation mechanism涉外婚姻Chinese marrage with foreign nationals社会主义基本制度the basic system of socialism扫黄anti-pornography drive三资企业enterprises in the “three forms of ventures”:Sino-foreign joint ventures,cooperative businesses and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises三峡工程Three Gorges Project三通direct links in postal service,air and shipping services and trade三角债debt chains权力下放to delegate power to the lower levels全民所有制public ownership勤俭建国to build the country with industry and thrift强国之路the path to strong China企业政策性破产policy-mandated bankruptcy of enterprise普法教育to enhance legal awareness农转非agriculture people to be given non-agriculture status南水北调工程projects to divert water from the south to the north磨洋工to dawdle along民族区域自治制度the system of autonomy of ethnic regions民工out-of-town laborer=rural laborer乱涨价unauthorized price rise乱摊派indiscriminate levies龙头to play a leading role in领导班子和干部队伍建设to strengthen the Party’s leading bodies and the ranks of Party officials to enhance capacity-building of Party’s leading bodies and party officials 领导班子leading body廉政文化建设to foster a culture of clean government廉政建设construction of a clean government亏损企业enterprises running in the red跨世纪工程a trans-century project科学民主决策to make decisions scientifically and democratically科教兴国战略the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.康居工程the Affordable Housing Project开展扫黄打非斗争to eliminate pornography and other illegal publication军转民military conversion九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education纠正不正之风to rectify unhealthy tendencies and malpractices 纠风办State Council Office for Rectification精神文明建设to promote cultural and ethical progress精简机构to streamline government organs经济开发区economic development zone戒急用忍to overcome impetuosity and exercise patience解放思想to free our mind解放生产力to emancipate the productive forces讲学习，讲政治，讲正气的党性党风教育to educate the cadres in the Party spirit and style through the promotion of the three emphases on theoretical studies,political awareness and integrity讲文明礼貌to promote civilized behavior减员增效、下岗分流to cut down the size of workforce for efficiency and get the layoffs re-employed elsewhere坚持两个文明一起抓to ensure that efforts are made to build a society that is advanced both materially and culturally and ideologically坚持“一个中心、两个基本点”的基本线路adhere to the Party’s basic line of takeing economic development as the central task and upholding the four Cardinal Principles and the reform and opening up policy,known as “one central task and two basic points”加强务实合作to enhance cooperation in practical term加强基层民主to expand democracy at village and communitylevel计划生育family planning集体主义community spirit=collectivism基层民主community-level democracy基本国情fundamental realities of the country火炬计划Torch Program灰色收入income from moonlighting户主head of a household户口管理制度domicile system户口簿residence booklet红筹股red-chip shares=red chips黑社会Mafia-style organizations=gangland黑店gangster inn和谐社会的内涵the characteristics of a harmony society和谐发展all-win harmony和平演变peaceful evolution towards capitalism和平统一，一国两制的方针the principles of peaceful reunification and “one country,two systems”和平共处五项原则the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 国有中大型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises长期国库券treasury bonds国家行政编制government staff status规范收入分配秩序standardize pattern of income distribution官倒official profiteering挂职to take up provisional post in挂靠to be attached or affiliated to公款吃喝banquet at public expenses公费医疗medical services at state expense革命老根据地the old revolutionary base areas搞活经济to invigorate the economy搞活国营中大型企业to revitalize large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises高新技术产业开发区high and new technological industry development zone改革开放政策the reform and open policy改革开放reform and opening to the outside world福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system 扶贫poverty alleviation放宽市场准入relax control over market entry房管real estate management防洪工程flood-prevention project发展是硬道理Development is of overriding importance对外宣传工作to conduct public diplomacy programs第三产业tertiary industry第二职业second accupation倒爷（奸商）profiteer党性one’s Party morale党群关系Party-masses relationship党风廉政建设build a fine Party culture and keep its organization clean单位organizations and institution待业job-waiting大腕top notch大排档sidewalk snack booth大路货staple goods打破僵局to break the deadlock打捆货贷bundled loans打假to crack down on counterfeit goods打白条to issue IOUs磁悬浮列车maglev train春运transportation during the Spring Festival传销pyramid selling出口退税export tax rebates吃大锅饭egalitarian practice of”everybody eating from the same big pot”城乡居民最低生活保障制度the system of basic living allowances for urban and rural residents城市最低生活保障制度the system of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents超计划生育to have more children than what is planned babies 参政议政意识the awareness of the need to participate in the discussion and administration of state affairs菜篮子工程the shopping basket project财政困难县financially strapped counties部优产品Ministry-recognized quality goods不正之风unhealthy practice不良风气unhealthy ways and customs不合理收费、集资和摊派to impose charges and quotas and collect money without authorization不顾条件，一哄而起to rush into action in disregard of objective conditions不搞一刀切without imposing a single solution拨乱反正to set things right变相涨价disguised inflation本位主义departmentalism保重点，不撒胡椒面Resources must be channeled to priority projects and not spread thinly everywhere.保持和发展党的先进性preserve and enhance the Party’s vanguard nature包干到户work contracted to households半拉子工程uncompleted project摆门面to put up an impressive front百年不遇once-in-a-century百花齐放、百家争鸣Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处to get the set principles,policies and measures implemented把眼光放远一点to subordinate immediate interests to the long-term ones把握正确的舆论导向to properly guide the public opinion把各项政策落到实处truly put all policies into effect按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance安居工程Housing Project for low-income families“一条龙”服务coordinated-process service“豆腐渣”工程jerry-built project。