虚拟语气用法讲解

2. If 可能被省略,从句要倒装
1.Were she in charge (= If she were in charge) , she would do things differently. 2.Had I known your address (= If I had known your address) , I would have written before. 3.Should you change your mind (= If you should change your mind), no one would blame you.
Part2
Wish
In Subjunctive mood
I wish I were as tall as you.
I wish I were a butterfly.
I wish every day were my birthday.
I wish I hadn’t eaten so much watermelon.
Fill in the blanks with proper forms: would learn had 1. If I ____ (have) more time, I ___________ (learn) another foreign language. were (be) here now , hewould show 2. If he ______ _______ (show) us how to perform the experiment. had received 3. If I ____________ (receive) your e –mail then, would have answered I ___________________ it . (answer) 4. If we ____________ (not rely) on our own hadn’t relied would have died strength, we ________________ (die) of starvation.
2. 与过去事实相反： If +主语+__________, 主语+ __________________ had done would/should/could ___________ /might have .done
If Ihad not studied hard, I _______________ in the _____________ would have failed exam. (not study, fail)
7 ___ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A If were I B I were C Were I D Was I 8 Without the computer, the problem __ in such a short time. A couldn’t be solved B wouldn’t have solved C couldn’t have been solved 9 Without electricity, human life __ quite different today. A will be B would be C is
3. 与将来事实相反： did/were should do If 主语 + were to do , would /should/could/might do 主语+ ____________________________ sth. 1.If I were to/should ________________ live long enough to have would choose a job, I _______________ to be a doctor, helping these AIDS patients. (choose) should be 2.If there ____________ another flood, he ______________ his mistake. (realize) might realize
told//were to tell 5. If I _______________________ (tell) him tonight,
//should tell
would be he __________ (be) greatly surprised. would ask 6. I ___________ (ask) him to ring you up if I saw // should see // were to see (see) him. ____________________________ got//should get //were to tell 7. If you _____________ (get) back next week, we would go _________ (go) camping together.
1．Without examinations，students today _______________ (live) a much happier life. would live 2.I was busy yesterday, or/otherwise I ____________________ (come) to help you. would have come 3.He__________________________ could have succeeded, (succeed), but he was too careless.
Part 3
1)as if / as though
as if / as though + past subjunctive
He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.
在 command, order , require ,demand, request, insist, propose, suggest等动词 后面的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用 (should) +动词原形 We suggest that we (should) have a meeting. We insisted that they (should) go with us.
Exercise：
should do 1.He suggested that we ________ it at once.(do) was 2.His pale face suggested that he _______ ill. (be) 3.We insisted that the meeting should be put ____________ off.( put) stole 4.Mike insisted that he __________ nothing.(steal)
与过 去事实 相反的 假设
时态
构 主从 成句 虚拟条件从句(if…)
主 句 主语 + would/ should/ could/ might do
与将 来情况 相反的 假设
①If + 主语 + did ② If + 主语 +were to do ③ If + 主语 + should do
Practice
虚拟语气
用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生的情况， 是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气。
Part 1
在非真实条件状语从句中 If… … , … … 。 1. 与现在事实相反： would/should/could/ did/were If + 主语 +________ , 主语+ ________________ _________ . might do If I had time now, Iwould go with you. (have, _____ _________ go)
Note : 有时不用条件状语从句, 而用介词短语, or, otherwise 或but 引导的并列句等来表示某种假设 的情况, 叫做含蓄条件句。
Exercise：
1 If he had not lost his money, he __ the piano last week. A would buy B had bought C bought D could have bought 2 If we were to be 200 years old, we __ everything. A will change B can change C could change D changed 3 If you __ that film last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A didn’t see B haven’t seen C wouldn’t seen D hadn’t seen
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
主从 成 句 时态 与现 在事实 相反的 假设 构
虚拟条件 从句(if …) If + 主语 + did (be用 were) If + 主语 + had done
主 句
主语 + would/ should/could/ might +do 主语 + would/ should/could/ might have done
3.不含条件从句, 但有条件假设意义
1.Without your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. ( If it hadn’t been for your help)
2.But for his pension, he would starve.
( If it were not for his pension)
虚拟语气用于表语从句，同位语从句中。 名词advice, order, demand, proposal, command, requirement, insistence, suggestion, request 等的表语从句和同位语从句 要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的构成是(should) +动 词原形 We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for our summer vocation.
4 You are late. If you __ a little minutes earlier, you __ him. A came, would meet B had come, would have met 5 But for the storm, we __ a pleasant journey. A should have B have had C would have D should have had 6 ___ earlier, I could have done something. A Have I been informed B Had I been informed C I had been informed
记住：insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 Insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should do; Insist 表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事 实。 Suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。 Suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。
几种特殊情况 1. 错综时间条件句
1.If you had listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now. 2.If the doctor had come in time, Amy would still be alive. 3.If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now.