动态压缩下一种碳纤维织物增强复合材料的各向异性力学性能实验研究

复合材料学报

第22卷　第2期 4月　2005年

Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

Vol 122

No 12

April

2005

文章编号:100023851(2005)022*******

收稿日期:2004204205;收修改稿日期:2004207209

通讯作者:张若棋,教授,博士生导师,长期从事冲击动力学、冲击波物理的研究工作　E 2mail :zhangrq1@public 1cs 1hn 1cn

动态压缩下一种碳纤维织物增强复合材料的

各向异性力学性能实验研究

蒋邦海,张若棋3

(国防科技大学理学院应用物理系,长沙410073)

摘　要:　为获得一种碳纤维二维正交平纹机织布增强树脂基复合材料准静态和动态压缩力学性能,对其三个主方向(垂直于碳布方向、碳布经向、碳布纬向),分别利用Instron 试验机和SHPB 实验技术,进行了准静态压缩和动态压缩实验。得到了三个主方向从低应变率(10-3/s )到高应变率(约103/s )下的压缩应力2应变曲线和压缩强度,并通过分析得到了三个主方向上的动态压缩响应特点:垂直于碳布方向的力学性能及其与应变率的相关性主要由树脂基体所控制;碳布经向和纬向的力学性能主要由碳纤维所控制,并且和纤维初始微屈曲相关。最后,分别给出三个主方向上的压缩强度和弹性模量与应变率相关性的表达式。关键词:　碳纤维;平纹机织;复合材料;各向异性;动态性能;SHPB 中图分类号:　TB 332;TB 33011 文献标识码:A

DY NAMIC COMPRESSIVE MECHANICAL PR OPERTIES OF A CARBON FIBER

WOVEN REINFORCED COMPOSITE :EXPERIMENTAL STU DY

J IAN G Banghai ,ZHAN G Ruoqi 3

(Applied Physics Department ,Science College ,National University of Defense Technology ,Changsha 410073,China )Abstract :　To understand the quasistatic and dynamic compressive mechanical properties of a kind of carbon fiber two 2dimensional orthogonal plain woven reinforced polymer matrix composite ,numbers of quasistatic and dynamic compression experiments in its three principal directions (the vertical direction of the carbon cloth ,and also the warp and fill directions in the carbon cloth )were conducted ,by means of Instron apparatus and SHPB technology respec 2tively.The compressive stress 2strain curves and compressive strength were achieved in each direction in a large strain rate range (f rom strain rate 10-3/s to about 103/s ).The experimental results show that the dynamic per 2formance of this composite in each three principal directions has its own characteristics :in the vertical direction of the carbon cloth ,the mechanical property and the strain rate effect are matrix 2dominated ;in the warp or fill direc 2tion in the carbon cloth ,the carbon fiber and its initial waviness master the mechanical property.Two formulas were proposed to model the relationship of the compressive strength and elastic modulus with the strain rate.K eyw ords :　carbon fiber ;plain weave ;composite ;anisotropic ;dynamic properties ;SHPB

近年来,由于连续纤维增强复合材料具有优异的力学性能,使其在各个工程领域得到了越来越多的应用,其力学性能的研究正受到重视。连续纤维增强复合材料具有明显的各向异性力学性能特征,而且它的制作工艺对其力学性能有很大的影响,增加了连续纤维增强复合材料力学性能研究的复杂性和困难性。

目前,对单向纤维增强复合材料及其层叠多向

板在平面应力下弹性范围内的准静态力学性能研究已经比较全面和成熟[1],但对厚复合材料(即一般不是处于平面应力加载环境下的复合材料)的力学性能、复合材料的非线性特征的本构关系,以及在冲击条件下的复合材料响应等,都还处在探索性的研究当中[2,3]。在国内,夏源明等对单向纤维增强复合材料在冲击拉伸条件下的力学响应及本构关系进行了较深入的实验和理论研究,取得了一系列成