见索即付保函统一规则(URDG758) (2)
国际商会《见索即付保函统一规则》之修订及其评析
收稿日期：２０１１－１１－１８作者简介：余小伟（１９８６—），男，江苏仪征人，东南大学法学院研究生，主要研究方向为民商法学。
①ＵＲＤＧ７５８生效第二天，中国银行浙江省分行即依据ＵＲＤＧ７５８开立了见索即付保函。
此次成功办理适用ＵＲＤＧ７５８保函业务，标志着ＵＲＤＧ７５８开始在国内保函业务中得以正式应用，也体现出我国银行业与国际接轨程度的进一步加深。
参见中国银行．中行浙江分行叙做首笔见索即付保函业务ｈｔｔｐ：／／ｗｗｗ．ｂｏｃ．ｃｎ／ｂｏｃｉｎｆｏ／ｂｉ１／２０１００７／ｔ２０１００７０６＿１０７９６０５．ｈｔｍｌ．国际商会《见索即付保函统一规则》之修订及其评析余小伟（东南大学法学院，江苏南京２１００００） 摘 要：国际商会２０１０年版ＵＲＤＧ７５８是对１９９１年版ＵＲＤＧ４５８的重大升级。
ＵＲＤＧ７５８大胆吸收与借鉴了备用信用证与商业信用证规则的成熟经验，旨在于新世纪为见索即付保函业务制定一套全新的商业惯例规则。
与ＵＲＤＧ４５８相比，ＵＲＤＧ７５８体系更为清晰、措词更加精确、内容更加全面、利益保护更加平衡以及更加蕴涵创新精神，更好地切合保函实务操作需求。
细究ＵＲＤＧ７５８与ＵＲＤＧ４５８的差异，参酌ＩＳＰ９８与ＵＣＰ６００等相关信用证规则，揭示并评价ＵＲＤＧ７５８对ＵＲＤＧ４５８修订之重要方面。
关键词：见索即付保函统一规则；修订；国际备用证统一惯例；跟单信用证统一惯例ＤＯＩ编码：１０．３９６９／；ｉｓｓｎ １６７４－３６８７．２０１２．０１．１２５中图分类号：ＤＦ９６ 文献标识码：Ａ 文章编号：１６７４－３６８７（２０１２）０１－０１２５－０８ 国际商会最新发布的出版编号为７５８的《见索即付保函统一规则》（简称“ＵＲＤＧ７５８”）已于２０１０年７月１日起正式生效。
这是国际商会自１９９１年制定的出版编号为４５８的《见索即付保函统一规则》（简称“ＵＲＤＧ４５８”）以来，首度对该规则进行全面的修订。
这也是继出版编号为６００的《跟单信用证统一惯例》（简称“ＵＣＰ６００”）后，国际商会通过的又一个重要的国际商业惯例规则，必将对全球见索即付保函贸易产生重大而深远的影响。
URDG758见索即付保函统一规则[中英对照]
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URDG 758The URDG 758 are the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ‐ effective 01 July 2010.ForewordThis revision of ICC's Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees (URDG) is the first since the rules were developed by ICC in 1991. The original rules, URDG 458, gained broad international acceptance in recent years following their incorporation by the World Bank in its guarantee forms and their endorsement by UNCITRAL and leading industry associations, such as FIDIC.This first revision of the rules was meticulously prepared over a period of two and a half years, and is the result of a collective effort by a number of ICC constituent groups. It was developed as a joint project by two ICC commissions ‐ the Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice ‐ therefore taking into account the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. ICC national committees contributed substantially to the final product: some 52 national committees submitted several hundred pages of valuable suggestions on successive drafts, a number of which were incorporated into the final text.The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, which consisted of 40 members from 26 countries, reviewed the various drafts and added their own suggestions. The URDG Drafting Group, ably chaired by Dr Georges Affaki, met on a number of occasions, carefully reviewed all comments submitted by national committees and the Task Force and developed the final draft.This collective effort has borne fruit; it has produced rules that reflect a broad consensus among bankers, users and all members of the guarantee community. In fact, the present revision of the URDG does not merely update the existing rules. It is the result of an ambitious project to create a new set of rules for the twenty‐first century that is clearer, more precise and more comprehensive. As such, URDG 758 is destined to become the standard text for demand guarantees worldwide.Jean RozwadowskiSecretary GeneralInternational Chamber of CommerceJanuary 2010IntroductionThe new URDG 758 succeed URDG 458. Over 17 years of practice (1992 ‐ 2009), URDG 458 proved to be both successful and reliable. They were used by banks and businesses across continents and industry sectors. URDG 458 were endorsed by international organizations, multilateral financial institutions, bank regulators, lawmakers and professional federations. In contrast to the failed Uniform Rules for Contract Guarantees (URCG 325), URDG 458 reflected the reality of the international demand guarantee market and struck the most reasonable balance between the interests of all the parties involved. By choosing to instruct a guarantor to issue a demand guarantee subject to URDG, applicants renounced their ability to obstruct payment for reasons derived from their relationship with the beneficiary. In turn, beneficiaries were expected to state in general terms ‐ but not to justify, establish or prove ‐ the nature of the applicant's breach in the performance of the underlying relationship. Finally, because a demand guarantee is an independent undertaking, guarantors were assured that their commitment was subject to its own terms. They were insulated from the performance contingencies of the underlying relationship.Their incremental use, backed by the support of ICC, enabled URDG 458 to make a critical contribution towards levelling the playing field among demand guarantee issuers and users regardless of the legal, economic or social system in which they operate.Yet, URDG 458 formed the first attempt by ICC to codify independent guarantee practice. Over the years, the application of their provisions shed light on the need for drafting adjustments, clarifications, expansion of scope or clear corrections of the adopted standard. Views reported to the ICC Task Force on Guarantees from URDG users worldwide provided the necessary material to launch a revision of URDG 458 that both the lapse of time and the evolution of practice made necessary. The revision was launched in 2007 and was conducted under the aegis of both the ICC Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice (CLP).The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, the standing expert body created by ICC in 2003 to monitor international guarantee practice, acted as a consultative body to a Drafting Group that produced five comprehensive drafts during the two and a half year revision process. Each draft was submitted for review and comments to ICC national committees. Over 600 sets of comments were received from a total of 52 countries and were thoroughly examined. These comments were instrumental in shaping the new rules. Regular progress reports were presented to meetings of each of the ICC commissions considering the rules and were comprehensively debated. This method ensured that the revision takes into account views received from a broad cross‐sector of concerned parties.The resulting URDG 758 were adopted by the ICC Executive Board on 3 December 2009, following endorsement by the members of the two sponsoring commissions. They will come into force on July 1, 2010. The new rules apply to any demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee where incorporated by reference in the text. They can also apply as trade usage or by implication from a consistent course of dealing between the parties to the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee where so provided by the applicable law.The new URDG 758 do not merely update URDG 458; they are the result of an ambitious process that seeks to bring a new set of rules for demand guarantees into the 21st century, rules that are clearer, more precise and more comprehensive.Clearer URDG. The new URDG 758 aim for clarity. They adopt the drafting style of ICC's universally accepted Uniform Rules for Documentary Credits (UCP 600) by bringing together the definitions of terms in one article. They also bring a much needed clarification of the process according to which a presentation will be checked for conformity.More precise URDG. A number of the standards contained in URDG 458 left a margin for interpretation that varied according to the particular facts of the case. This was particularly true for the terms "reasonable time" and "reasonable care". The new URDG have excluded all imprecise standards with an aim to foster certainty and predictability. Examples are time durations for the examination of a demand, the extension of a guarantee in the case of force majeure, and the suspension of the guarantee in the case of an extend or pay demand.More comprehensive URDG. Important practices were left out of URDG 458. This was particularly the case for the advice of a guarantee, amendments, standards for examination of presentations, partial, multiple and incomplete demands, linkage of documents, and transfer of guarantees. In addition, there was only fragmentary treatment of counter‐guarantees. What was understandable at the time of the first attempt to codify demand guarantee practice can no longer be accepted 17 years later. The new URDG 758 now cover all of these practices and make clear that provisions governing guarantees apply equally to counter‐guarantees.Balanced URDG. The new URDG 758 endorse and build on the balanced approach that characterized URDG 458. For example:‐ The beneficiary is entitled to payment upon presentation of a complying demand without the need for the guarantor to seek the applicant's approval. The new URDG also correct an unfair situation that would have left the beneficiary without recourse to the guarantee in the case of force majeure if its expiry coincided with the interruption of the guarantor's business.‐ The guarantor's independent role is expressed in stronger and clearer terms and, more importantly, it is now expressed in exclusively documentary terms. The new URDG expect the guarantor to act diligently. For instance, a guarantor is expected to reject a non‐complying demand within five business days by sending a rejection notice that lists all of the discrepancies; otherwise, the guarantor will be precluded from claiming that the demand is non‐complying and will be compelled to pay. Largely accepted in documentary credit practice under the UCP, the preclusion sanction is necessary to discipline unfair practices that work to the detriment of the beneficiary.‐ The applicant's right to be informed of the occurrence of the key stages in the lifecycle of the guarantee is acknowledged in the new rules. However, this information should not be a prerequisite for payment when a complying demand is presented.Innovative URDG. The new URDG 758 feature a number of innovations dictated by the development of practice and the need to avoid disputes. An example is the new rule that proposes a substitution of currencies when payment in the currency specified in the guarantee becomes impossible. Another example is the new termination mechanism for guarantees that state neither an expiry date nor an expiry event. This solution is expected to reduce the number of open‐ended guarantees that severely penalize applicants and are incompatible with the banks' capital requirements.The Guide. The rationale, preparatory work and interpretation of each article of the new URDG 758 can be found in a separately released Guide to the rules (ICC Publication No. 702).The new URDG 758 package. The new rules are accompanied by a model guarantee and counter‐guarantee form featured at the end of this publication. They are destined to evolve into an indispensable companion to the new URDG 758 and their users. Experience shows that a comprehensive ready‐to‐use package that combines both the rules and model forms is more attractive to users than the previously separate ICC publications Nos. 458 and 503. It should also be conducive to more harmonized a practice.In drafting the new URDG 758 model guarantee form, a unitary approach was preferred to one that would have consisted of multiple forms linked to the purpose of each guarantee. Tender, performance, advance payment, retention money, warranty and other types of demand guarantees share the same nature and have similar features. This was evidenced by the five nearly identical basic model guarantee forms in ICC publication No. 503 that accompanied URDG 458. Of course, URDG 758 users have the option of enriching the unitary model form with one or more of the clauses proposed at the end of this publication such as the reduction of amount clause for advance payment guarantees or even drafting any other clause outright.A final message: the need for clear drafting. Clear drafting is the linchpin of a successful international demand guarantee practice. This has proven to be the case over time and across cultures and industry sectors. Using the new URDG 758 model guarantee form levels the playing field and avoids misunderstandings. As such, it will hopefully significantly curb the worrying tendency that a few courts have shown in recent years to re‐characterize demand guarantees as accessory suretyships ‐ or the reverse. While sometimes warranted by the ambiguous terms used by the parties, such interference has considerably destabilized the international guarantee market by adding a particularly prejudicial element of uncertainty. Such a regrettable situation can be remedied by a consistent use of URDG 758 and their accompanying model form in any type of demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee or, indeed, any other independent undertaking.Acknowledgments. I would like to express my deep appreciation to the members of the ICC Task Force on Guarantees*, the ICC national committees and members of both the Banking Commission and CLP for their guidance, support and constructive participation in the revision. The Guarantees Department of RZB was very helpful in processing the hundreds of national comments received throughout the revision process and compiling them for the Drafting Group's review.It was my privilege to chair the Drafting Group that undertook the revision. The members of the Drafting Group are listed below in alphabetical order:Roger Carouge (Germany), Sir Roy Goode (United Kingdom),Dr Andrea Hauptmann (Austria), Glenn Ransier (United States), Pradeep Taneja (Bahrain), and Farideh Tazhibi(Islamic Republic of Iran).Rarely has a chairman been blessed with a group whose members are so experienced and enthusiastic about the subject at hand, animated by team spirit, complementary in their regional and sectoral experience and able to endure with admirable patience the inevitable challenges of a fast‐track revision process.The result is the new URDG 758, which we proudly offer to the world.Dr. Georges AffakiVice‐Chair, ICC Banking CommissionBNP ParibasJanuary 2010目 录Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围 (8)Article 2 Definitions 定义 (8)Article 3 Interpretation 解释 (11)Article 4 Issue and effectiveness 开立和生效 (12)Article 5 Independence of guarantee and counter‐guarantee 保函和反担保函的独立性 (13)Article 6 Documents v. goods, services or performance 单据和货物、服务或者履约行为 (13)Article 7 Non‐documentary conditions 非单据条件 (13)Article 8 Content of instructions and guarantees 指示和保函的内容 (14)Article 9 Application not taken up 拒绝接受申请 (15)Article 10 Advising of guarantee or amendment 保函或者保函修改的通知 (15)Article 11 Amendments 修改 (16)Article 12 Extent of guarantor's liability under guarantee 保函项下担保人责任的范围 (17)Article 13 Variation of amount of guarantee 保函金额的变动 (17)Article 14 Presentation 交单 (17)Article 15 Requirements for demand 对索偿要求的要求 (19)Article 16 Information about demand 关于索偿要求的告知 (19)Article 17 Partial demand and multiple demands; amount of demands 部分索偿要求和多次索偿要求，索偿要求的金额................................ .. (20)Article 18 Separateness of each demand 每一次索偿要求的独立性 (21)Article 19 Examination 审核 (21)Article 20 Time for examination of demand; payment 审核索偿要求的时间，付款 (22)Article 21 Currency of payment 支付的货币 (22)Article 22 Transmission of copies of complying demand 相符索偿要求副本的传递 (23)Article 23 Extend or pay 展期或付款 (23)Article 24 Non‐complying demand, waiver and notice 非相符索偿要求，放弃决定和通知 (25)Article 25 Reduction and termination 减额与终止 (26)Article 26 Force majeure 不可抗力 (27)Article 27 Disclaimer on effectiveness of documents 关于单据有效性的免责 (28)Article 28 Disclaimer on transmission and translation 关于传递和翻译的免责 (29)Article 29 Disclaimer for acts of another party 关于其他当事方行为的免责 (29)Article 30 Limits on exemption from liability 责任豁免的限度 (30)Article 31 Indemnity for foreign laws and usages 外国法律和惯例的补偿 (30)Article 32 Liability for charges 关于费用的责任 (30)Article 33 Transfer of guarantee and assignment of proceeds 保函的转让和款项让渡 (30)Article 34 Governing law 管辖法律 (32)Article 35 Jurisdiction 司法管辖权 (32)Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围a.The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ("URDG") apply to any demand guarantee orcounter‐guarantee that expressly indicates it is subject to them. They are binding on all parties to the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee except so far as the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee modifies or excludes them.《见索即付保函统一规则》（以下简称“本规则”）适用于任何在其文本中清楚地表示受本规则约束的见索即付保函或者反担保函。
见索即付保函统一规则(URDG758)介绍=上海
Article 1 Application of URDG
Apply to any demand guarantee or counter-guarantee that expressly
indicates it is subject to them, except modifies or excludes them.
a demand guarantee or counter-guarantee is issued subject to the
URDG, the instructing party is deemed to have accepted the rights and obligations expressly ascribed to it in these rules.
8
URDG758
Article 2 Definitions expiry means the expiry date or the expiry event or, if both are specified, the earlier of the two; • expiry date means the date specified in the guarantee on or before which a presentation may be made; • expiry event means an event which under the terms of the guarantee results in its expiry, whether immediately or within a specified time after the event occurs, for which purpose the event is deemed to occur only: a. when a document specified in the guarantee as indicating the occurrence of the event is presented to the guarantor, or b. if no such document is specified in the guarantee, when the occurrence of the event becomes determinable from the guarantor's own records. ☺Valid until 30 days after delivery evidenced by cargo receipt ?
URDG758见索即付保函统一规则[中英对照]
URDG 758The URDG 758 are the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ‐ effective 01 July 2010.ForewordThis revision of ICC's Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees (URDG) is the first since the rules were developed by ICC in 1991. The original rules, URDG 458, gained broad international acceptance in recent years following their incorporation by the World Bank in its guarantee forms and their endorsement by UNCITRAL and leading industry associations, such as FIDIC.This first revision of the rules was meticulously prepared over a period of two and a half years, and is the result of a collective effort by a number of ICC constituent groups. It was developed as a joint project by two ICC commissions ‐ the Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice ‐ therefore taking into account the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. ICC national committees contributed substantially to the final product: some 52 national committees submitted several hundred pages of valuable suggestions on successive drafts, a number of which were incorporated into the final text.The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, which consisted of 40 members from 26 countries, reviewed the various drafts and added their own suggestions. The URDG Drafting Group, ably chaired by Dr Georges Affaki, met on a number of occasions, carefully reviewed all comments submitted by national committees and the Task Force and developed the final draft.This collective effort has borne fruit; it has produced rules that reflect a broad consensus among bankers, users and all members of the guarantee community. In fact, the present revision of the URDG does not merely update the existing rules. It is the result of an ambitious project to create a new set of rules for the twenty‐first century that is clearer, more precise and more comprehensive. As such, URDG 758 is destined to become the standard text for demand guarantees worldwide.Jean RozwadowskiSecretary GeneralInternational Chamber of CommerceJanuary 2010IntroductionThe new URDG 758 succeed URDG 458. Over 17 years of practice (1992 ‐ 2009), URDG 458 proved to be both successful and reliable. They were used by banks and businesses across continents and industry sectors. URDG 458 were endorsed by international organizations, multilateral financial institutions, bank regulators, lawmakers and professional federations. In contrast to the failed Uniform Rules for Contract Guarantees (URCG 325), URDG 458 reflected the reality of the international demand guarantee market and struck the most reasonable balance between the interests of all the parties involved. By choosing to instruct a guarantor to issue a demand guarantee subject to URDG, applicants renounced their ability to obstruct payment for reasons derived from their relationship with the beneficiary. In turn, beneficiaries were expected to state in general terms ‐ but not to justify, establish or prove ‐ the nature of the applicant's breach in the performance of the underlying relationship. Finally, because a demand guarantee is an independent undertaking, guarantors were assured that their commitment was subject to its own terms. They were insulated from the performance contingencies of the underlying relationship.Their incremental use, backed by the support of ICC, enabled URDG 458 to make a critical contribution towards levelling the playing field among demand guarantee issuers and users regardless of the legal, economic or social system in which they operate.Yet, URDG 458 formed the first attempt by ICC to codify independent guarantee practice. Over the years, the application of their provisions shed light on the need for drafting adjustments, clarifications, expansion of scope or clear corrections of the adopted standard. Views reported to the ICC Task Force on Guarantees from URDG users worldwide provided the necessary material to launch a revision of URDG 458 that both the lapse of time and the evolution of practice made necessary. The revision was launched in 2007 and was conducted under the aegis of both the ICC Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice (CLP).The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, the standing expert body created by ICC in 2003 to monitor international guarantee practice, acted as a consultative body to a Drafting Group that produced five comprehensive drafts during the two and a half year revision process. Each draft was submitted for review and comments to ICC national committees. Over 600 sets of comments were received from a total of 52 countries and were thoroughly examined. These comments were instrumental in shaping the new rules. Regular progress reports were presented to meetings of each of the ICC commissions considering the rules and were comprehensively debated. This method ensured that the revision takes into account views received from a broad cross‐sector of concerned parties.The resulting URDG 758 were adopted by the ICC Executive Board on 3 December 2009, following endorsement by the members of the two sponsoring commissions. They will come into force on July 1, 2010. The new rules apply to any demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee where incorporated by reference in the text. They can also apply as trade usage or by implication from a consistent course of dealing between the parties to the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee where so provided by the applicable law.The new URDG 758 do not merely update URDG 458; they are the result of an ambitious process that seeks to bring a new set of rules for demand guarantees into the 21st century, rules that are clearer, more precise and more comprehensive.Clearer URDG. The new URDG 758 aim for clarity. They adopt the drafting style of ICC's universally accepted Uniform Rules for Documentary Credits (UCP 600) by bringing together the definitions of terms in one article. They also bring a much needed clarification of the process according to which a presentation will be checked for conformity.More precise URDG. A number of the standards contained in URDG 458 left a margin for interpretation that varied according to the particular facts of the case. This was particularly true for the terms "reasonable time" and "reasonable care". The new URDG have excluded all imprecise standards with an aim to foster certainty and predictability. Examples are time durations for the examination of a demand, the extension of a guarantee in the case of force majeure, and the suspension of the guarantee in the case of an extend or pay demand.More comprehensive URDG. Important practices were left out of URDG 458. This was particularly the case for the advice of a guarantee, amendments, standards for examination of presentations, partial, multiple and incomplete demands, linkage of documents, and transfer of guarantees. In addition, there was only fragmentary treatment of counter‐guarantees. What was understandable at the time of the first attempt to codify demand guarantee practice can no longer be accepted 17 years later. The new URDG 758 now cover all of these practices and make clear that provisions governing guarantees apply equally to counter‐guarantees.Balanced URDG. The new URDG 758 endorse and build on the balanced approach that characterized URDG 458. For example:‐ The beneficiary is entitled to payment upon presentation of a complying demand without the need for the guarantor to seek the applicant's approval. The new URDG also correct an unfair situation that would have left the beneficiary without recourse to the guarantee in the case of force majeure if its expiry coincided with the interruption of the guarantor's business.‐ The guarantor's independent role is expressed in stronger and clearer terms and, more importantly, it is now expressed in exclusively documentary terms. The new URDG expect the guarantor to act diligently. For instance, a guarantor is expected to reject a non‐complying demand within five business days by sending a rejection notice that lists all of the discrepancies; otherwise, the guarantor will be precluded from claiming that the demand is non‐complying and will be compelled to pay. Largely accepted in documentary credit practice under the UCP, the preclusion sanction is necessary to discipline unfair practices that work to the detriment of the beneficiary.‐ The applicant's right to be informed of the occurrence of the key stages in the lifecycle of the guarantee is acknowledged in the new rules. However, this information should not be a prerequisite for payment when a complying demand is presented.Innovative URDG. The new URDG 758 feature a number of innovations dictated by the development of practice and the need to avoid disputes. An example is the new rule that proposes a substitution of currencies when payment in the currency specified in the guarantee becomes impossible. Another example is the new termination mechanism for guarantees that state neither an expiry date nor an expiry event. This solution is expected to reduce the number of open‐ended guarantees that severely penalize applicants and are incompatible with the banks' capital requirements.The Guide. The rationale, preparatory work and interpretation of each article of the new URDG 758 can be found in a separately released Guide to the rules (ICC Publication No. 702).The new URDG 758 package. The new rules are accompanied by a model guarantee and counter‐guarantee form featured at the end of this publication. They are destined to evolve into an indispensable companion to the new URDG 758 and their users. Experience shows that a comprehensive ready‐to‐use package that combines both the rules and model forms is more attractive to users than the previously separate ICC publications Nos. 458 and 503. It should also be conducive to more harmonized a practice.In drafting the new URDG 758 model guarantee form, a unitary approach was preferred to one that would have consisted of multiple forms linked to the purpose of each guarantee. Tender, performance, advance payment, retention money, warranty and other types of demand guarantees share the same nature and have similar features. This was evidenced by the five nearly identical basic model guarantee forms in ICC publication No. 503 that accompanied URDG 458. Of course, URDG 758 users have the option of enriching the unitary model form with one or more of the clauses proposed at the end of this publication such as the reduction of amount clause for advance payment guarantees or even drafting any other clause outright.A final message: the need for clear drafting. Clear drafting is the linchpin of a successful international demand guarantee practice. This has proven to be the case over time and across cultures and industry sectors. Using the new URDG 758 model guarantee form levels the playing field and avoids misunderstandings. As such, it will hopefully significantly curb the worrying tendency that a few courts have shown in recent years to re‐characterize demand guarantees as accessory suretyships ‐ or the reverse. While sometimes warranted by the ambiguous terms used by the parties, such interference has considerably destabilized the international guarantee market by adding a particularly prejudicial element of uncertainty. Such a regrettable situation can be remedied by a consistent use of URDG 758 and their accompanying model form in any type of demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee or, indeed, any other independent undertaking.Acknowledgments. I would like to express my deep appreciation to the members of the ICC Task Force on Guarantees*, the ICC national committees and members of both the Banking Commission and CLP for their guidance, support and constructive participation in the revision. The Guarantees Department of RZB was very helpful in processing the hundreds of national comments received throughout the revision process and compiling them for the Drafting Group's review.It was my privilege to chair the Drafting Group that undertook the revision. The members of the Drafting Group are listed below in alphabetical order:Roger Carouge (Germany), Sir Roy Goode (United Kingdom),Dr Andrea Hauptmann (Austria), Glenn Ransier (United States), Pradeep Taneja (Bahrain), and Farideh Tazhibi(Islamic Republic of Iran).Rarely has a chairman been blessed with a group whose members are so experienced and enthusiastic about the subject at hand, animated by team spirit, complementary in their regional and sectoral experience and able to endure with admirable patience the inevitable challenges of a fast‐track revision process.The result is the new URDG 758, which we proudly offer to the world.Dr. Georges AffakiVice‐Chair, ICC Banking CommissionBNP ParibasJanuary 2010目 录Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围 (8)Article 2 Definitions 定义 (8)Article 3 Interpretation 解释 (11)Article 4 Issue and effectiveness 开立和生效 (12)Article 5 Independence of guarantee and counter‐guarantee 保函和反担保函的独立性 (13)Article 6 Documents v. goods, services or performance 单据和货物、服务或者履约行为 (13)Article 7 Non‐documentary conditions 非单据条件 (13)Article 8 Content of instructions and guarantees 指示和保函的内容 (14)Article 9 Application not taken up 拒绝接受申请 (15)Article 10 Advising of guarantee or amendment 保函或者保函修改的通知 (15)Article 11 Amendments 修改 (16)Article 12 Extent of guarantor's liability under guarantee 保函项下担保人责任的范围 (17)Article 13 Variation of amount of guarantee 保函金额的变动 (17)Article 14 Presentation 交单 (17)Article 15 Requirements for demand 对索偿要求的要求 (19)Article 16 Information about demand 关于索偿要求的告知 (19)Article 17 Partial demand and multiple demands; amount of demands 部分索偿要求和多次索偿要求，索偿要求的金额................................ .. (20)Article 18 Separateness of each demand 每一次索偿要求的独立性 (21)Article 19 Examination 审核 (21)Article 20 Time for examination of demand; payment 审核索偿要求的时间，付款 (22)Article 21 Currency of payment 支付的货币 (22)Article 22 Transmission of copies of complying demand 相符索偿要求副本的传递 (23)Article 23 Extend or pay 展期或付款 (23)Article 24 Non‐complying demand, waiver and notice 非相符索偿要求，放弃决定和通知 (25)Article 25 Reduction and termination 减额与终止 (26)Article 26 Force majeure 不可抗力 (27)Article 27 Disclaimer on effectiveness of documents 关于单据有效性的免责 (28)Article 28 Disclaimer on transmission and translation 关于传递和翻译的免责 (29)Article 29 Disclaimer for acts of another party 关于其他当事方行为的免责 (29)Article 30 Limits on exemption from liability 责任豁免的限度 (30)Article 31 Indemnity for foreign laws and usages 外国法律和惯例的补偿 (30)Article 32 Liability for charges 关于费用的责任 (30)Article 33 Transfer of guarantee and assignment of proceeds 保函的转让和款项让渡 (30)Article 34 Governing law 管辖法律 (32)Article 35 Jurisdiction 司法管辖权 (32)Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围a.The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ("URDG") apply to any demand guarantee orcounter‐guarantee that expressly indicates it is subject to them. They are binding on all parties to the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee except so far as the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee modifies or excludes them.《见索即付保函统一规则》（以下简称“本规则”）适用于任何在其文本中清楚地表示受本规则约束的见索即付保函或者反担保函。
见索即付保函统一规则(URDG758)
《见索即付保函统一规则》《见索即付保函统一规则2010》（The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ICC Publication . 2010 Edition），国际商会第758号出版物，简称（URDG758）是国际商会在URDG458基础上，借鉴近年来保函及相关业务实践发展经验，引入全新的术语体系修订的，2009年12月3日公布，于2010年7月1日正式实施。
第1条URDG的适用范围a．见索即付保函统一规则（简称“URDG”）适用于任何明确表明适用本规则的见索即付保函或反担保函。
除非见索即付保函或反担保函对本规则的内容进行了修改或排除，本规则对见索即付保函或反担保函的所有当事人均具约束力。
b．如果应反担保人的请求，开立的见索即付保函适用URDG，则反担保函也应适用URDG，除非该反担保函明确排除适用URDG。
但是，见索即付保函并不仅因反担保函适用URDG而适用URDG。
c．如果应指示方的请求或经其同意，见索即付保函或反担保函根据URDG开立，则视为指示方已经接受了本规则明确规定的归属于指示方的权利和义务。
d．如果2010年7月1日或该日期之后开立的见索即付保函或反担保函声明其适用URDG，但未声明是适用1992年本还是2010年修订本，亦未表明出版物编号，则该见索即付保函或反担保函应适用URDG2010年修订本。
第2条定义在本规则中：通知方指应担保人的请求对保函进行通知的一方；申请人指保函中表明的、保证其承担基础关系项下义务的一方。
申请人可以是指示方，也可以不是指示方；申请指开立保函的请求；经验证的当适用于电子单据时，指该单据的接收人能够验证发送人的表面身份以及所收到的信息是否完整且未被更改；受益人指接受保函并享有其利益的一方；营业日指为履行受本规则约束的行为的营业地点通常开业的一天；费用指适用本规则的保函项下应支付给任何一方的佣金、费用、成本或开支；相符索赔指满足“相符交单”要求的索赔；相符交单保函项下的相符交单，指所提交单据及其内容首先与该保函条款和条件相符，其次与该保函条款和条件一致的本规则有关内容相符，最后在保函及本规则均无相关规定的情况下，与见索即付保函国际标准实务相符；反担保函无论其如何命名或描述，指由反担保人提供给另一方，以便该另一方开立保函或另一反担保函的任何签署的承诺，反担保人承诺在其开立的反担保函项下，根据该受益人提交的相符索赔进行付款；反担保人指开立反担保函的一方，可以是以担保人为受益人或是以另一反担保人为受益人，也包括为自己开立反担保函的情况；索赔指在保函项下受益人签署的要求付款的文件；见索即付保函或保函无论其如何命名或描述，指根据提交的相符索赔进行付款的任何签署的承诺；单据指经签署或未经签署的纸质或电子形式的信息记录，只要能够由接收单据的一方以有形的方式复制。
见索即付保函统一规则2010
《见索即付保函统一规则》简介《见索即付保函统一规则2010》（The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ICC Publication No.758. 2010 Edition），国际商会第758号出版物，简称（URDG758）是国际商会在URDG458基础上，借鉴近年来保函及相关业务实践发展经验，引入全新的术语体系修订的，2009年12月3日公布，于2010年7月1日正式实施。
见索即付保函 (Demand Guarantee)是担保人替债务人(申请人)向债权人(受益人)开出的凭规定单据赔款的承诺书,是集担保、融资、支付及相关服务为一体的多功能金融产品。
URDG758适用于任何在文本中表明适用本规则的见索即付保函或反担保函，也可以作为贸易惯例加以应用。
在适用法律允许的情况下，URDG758也适用于保函和反担保函相关方之间持续的交易过程。
《见索即付保函统一规则2010》包括35个条款以及保函和反担保函的标准模板。
URDG758与URDG458旧规则相比,在保函性质、非单据条件的处理、保函的修改、有关交单方面的规定、单据的审核、不可抗力6个方面做了重大修改。
与URDG458相比，URDG758的主要变化有：1 剔除了“合理时间”和“合理审慎”的条款，以树立见索即付保函确定性和可预测性。
2 担保人在拒绝不相符索赔时，应该在五个工作日内发出拒付通知并列出所有不符点，否则担保人将丧失声明索赔不相符的权利。
3 保函自开立到失效过程中的关键阶段出现时，申请人有被告知的权利。
4 制定了一套全新的在未明确失效日期或失效事件情况下的保函失效机制，旨在降低严重损害申请人利益的敞口保函的数量。
5 提供了保函和反担保函的标准模板。
见索即付保函统一规则
见索即付保函统一规则见索即付保函是指在商业银行为特定客户开具的，见索即付一定数额存款必须支付给保函受益者，以保证支付给保函受益者的特定款项或履行义务的单一结算解决方案。
见索即付保函为一种独特的保函，是保函开立的一种特殊方式。
是一种有限的财务凭证，可以被用于当事人之间的结算解决方案，旨在满足各方的需要。
见索即付保函的统一规则实际上就是在现行的商业法律环境下，商业银行为客户开具见索即付保函的法律要求、限制和各自的义务。
除了受有关法律、法规约束之外，见索即付保函涉及金融交易和投资、税务、信用风险控制、客户服务、法律事务以及内部审查等多个层面的有关规定，这些规定以及每一笔保函的保函条款由双方的协议决定，见索即付保函也根据双方的实际需求而变更，但是除了受有关法律、法规约束之外，基本规定可以得出，即见索即付保函的基本规则。
首先，见索即付保函有明确的受益人和开证人。
受益人可以是收保函款项的客户本人、客户的受托方、供应商或其他第三方。
开证人则是向保函受益人发出见索即付保函的客户本人或受他授权的任何人。
其次，见索即付保函有明确的有效期限，有效期限的起始日必须在开证人的印章日期之后，有效期限的终止日必须在受益人见索之日或受益人指定的任何日期之前。
此外，见索即付保函的条款的义务有明确的责任范围。
开证人必须保证保函的应付款项及其它款项在有效期限内及时付款，并按受益人的要求将保函及其相关凭证提交给受益人或其指定代表。
受益人必须确认收到保函及其它凭证，以确保保函有效，并在约定的有效期限内根据保函要求提出索赔。
在此基础上，双方需要就见索即付保函的具体要求进行更细致的确定，比如在经济上对收款方造成影响的利息及处罚措施，受益人的义务，以及保函内容的规定等。
另外，见索即付保函的双方应该依据相关法律法规，制定出有关技术实施方面的规范。
总而言之，见索即付保函是现行商业法律环境下，商业银行为特定客户开具的特殊保函。
统一规则就是要求双方就具体要求、责任范围、有效期限、如何提出索赔，以及技术实施等方面订立协议，保障双方的利益。
见索即付保函统一规则
见索即付保函统一规则《见索即付保函统一规则》与案例分析来源:商务部由于1978年制订的《合同担保统一规则》未被广泛接受,导致产生了《见索即付保函统一规则》(URDG).由曾经非常成功地制定了《取单信用证统一惯例》的国际商会银行技术与实务委员会与国际商业惯例委员会共同组建一联合工作组,起草了新规则.联合工作组对制定新规则做了大量广泛的工作,具体由一起草小组完成规则的制定.最后,新规则由这两个委员会分别于1991年10月和11月开会通过,同年12由国际商会执行委员会批准,并以国际商会第458号出版物于1992年4月出版发行.一,URDG与其他规则的关系.1.与《合约保函统一规则》的关系.1978年国际商会出版的《合约保函统一规则》(国际商会第325号出版物)探索过见索即付保函不公正的索款要求的做法.为此,作为受益人要求权利的一个条件,《合约保函统一规则》通常要求出具法院判决书或仲裁判决书或委托人对索款要求及其余颔写出的同意书.这在客观上是值得称赞的,然而上述要求确实起到了限制接受1978年规则的作用,结果是排除了简单的见索即付的保函业务,此类保函占了银行开立的跟单保函中的绝大多数;另外,虽然要求出具法庭判决书或仲裁判给书是技术上的的单据需要,但这实际上意味着受益人必须对委托人的违约事实进行诉讼或仲裁,这就排除了见索即付保函规定的受益人可以迅速获得货币补偿的机会.2.与UCP500的关系.UCP400修订本已经把其适用范围扩大到了备用信用证.从法律观点看,尽管在业务做法上两者还有重大差别,其实备用信用证就是见索即付保函的另一种简单称谓.从使用上的差异看,UCP比URGD更加适合于备用信用证.二,见索即付保函概述(一)见索即付保函的产生当一企业准备与另一方签订购货或建筑合同时,会希望能得到该方如期履约的保证,尤其在双方首次发生业务关系时更是如此.在以往的国际贸易业务交往中,要求提供现金做保证是很常见的.然而,随着国际贸易的发展,这种保证方式使贸易伙伴难以承受,于是,一种新的更便利的担保形式应运而生,即由银行开出以买方或雇主为受益人的见索即付的书面保证.此类书面保证即现在所称的担保,保函,见索即付保函及备用信用证.从法律角废看,这些名称意义相同.但有一点很关键, 即作为现金保证的替代物,见索即付保函的基本功能是向受益人提供针对基础合同另一方的快速金钱补偿.为达此目的,见索即付保函具有了第一性的付款责任和单据化的特征.就是说,与受制于他人之债务或违约的保证书相比,见索即付保函仅凭一份书面要求书及任何保函规定的其他单据即应将款项赔付给受益人.而保证书却要求提供实际的违约证明,并在保函规定最高限额内赔付由于违约而给受益人造成的实际损失.因此,原则上讲,见索即付保函之担保人必须对保函限额内的任何要求付款,而不管委托人是否确实违约及受益人实际所遭受的损失有多大.(二)见索即付保函的定义见索即付保函是担保人凭在保函有效期内提交的符合保函条件的要求书(通常是书面形式)及保函规定的任何其他单据支付某一规定的或某一最大限额的付款承诺. 该定义的含义比《见索即付保函统一规则》第2条(a)款的定义要略微广一些,该款仅限定于应第三方要求而出具(相对于保函出具人为自己出具)的规定凭书面要求及其他规定单据付款的书面保函.绝大多数见索即付保函规定凭首次书面要求书付款.而不需提交任何其他单据.这也反映了该保函之现金保证的起源及多数业主传统的市场优势地位.见索即付保函是一种独立的付款保证.尽管该保证旨在保障受益人在基础合同项下不受损失,但它独立于申请人和受益人之间的基础合同,并构成担保人和受益人之间的第一性承诺,该承诺自保函开出后即产生约束力.尽管见索即付保函的形式和内容各有不同,变化很大,但所有正确开立的保函都必须包含某些关键要素,例如:当事人名称,基础合同引述,保函金额或最大金额及增减条款,付款币别,用于要求减额或失效目的所需提交的单据,有效期或其他有效期规定以及展期条款,保函签发日期.在直接保函情况下,当事人应明确为委托人,担保人和受益人.在间接保函情况下,保函必须明确委托人,担保人和受益人,而反担保函必须明确委托人,指示人和担保人,也可明确受益人,保函可直接通知或转递给受益人,也可通过通知行,但通知行除了核验保函签字的表面真实性外,并不承担保函项下的任何责任.见索即付保函的核心是其单据特征.保函所确立的权利和责任取决于保函条款及保函规定提交的单据,而不需查明客观事实.(三)见索即付保函的用途见索即付保函最常用于建筑合同和国际货物销售合同.跟单信用证的作用在于保证交货人能得到货款,而见索即付保函旨在保障另一方(业主或买方)的利益,以防止供货人或合约另一方不履约或不完全履约.多数见索即付保函由银行出具,然而,近年来其他非银行金融机构也可开具.URDG条款对银行及出具保函的其他非银行机构均具约束力.根据用途的不同,见索即付保函可分为投标保函,履约保函,预付款保函,留置金保函和维修保函.在招标时,评标的基本条件之一是投标人必须保证其中标后签订合约并及时开出相应的履约保函或投标保函中要求的任何保函,同时保证不随意改标,撤标.按规定标价比例开立的投标保函的目的是在投标人违反其保证时保障受益人(招标人)的利益.如果投标人中标而未能如期签约,也没有提交必要的履约保函或其他保函,或在效期内撤标,受益人可向担保人要求规定的金额以补偿他在重新授标过程中所遇到的麻烦,发生的费用以及其他有关该合同的额外开支.狭义上讲,履约保函是对合同从开始到结束的主要责任履行的担保.履约保函按合同金额的规定比例出具.在主要职责履行的过程中,当事人之间的关系也有阶段之分,而且在每阶段都有不同的职责和义务.基础合同可规定委托人有权在履约前得到一定金额的预付款.预付款保函(或还款保函)是在有关的履约责任未能完成的情况下用于保障受益人收回预付款的权利.工程合同通常规定分阶段凭建筑师或工程师的证明付款,但业主会在一定时期内留置一定比例的阶段付款作为防止缺陷的保障措施.业主可能会同意凭一份留置金保函释放留置金,如以后发现工程缺陷或合约方未能完成合同,业主即可凭此索回释放的留置金.其他形式的留置均可同样处理.工程合同通常规定在工程完工后业主在一段时间内(维修期或质量保证期)扣留一部分款项以备补偿责任期内因质量缺陷或故障所造成的损失,但业主可凭一份按合同规定比例出具的维修保函释放这部分留置金.(四)见索即付保函的结构和术语1.直接(三方)保函结构.据URDG定义,见索即付保函最少有三个当事人:(l)申请人(或如本规则所称的委托人), 主要是合同项下的卖方,供货方或承包人,由他发出指示,开立保函以保证其履约行为;(2)担保人:即代委托人开立保函的银行或其他机构;(3)受益人:即合同另一方(买方,业主),开出的保函以其为受益人.通常情况下,在这个三方结构中,担保人是委托人的往来银行,其营业地与委托人在同一国家,而受益人营业地则在国外.这种三方保函被称为直接保函,因为这种保函是由委托人的银行直接开出,而不是由受益人国家的当地银行开出.担保人可将保函直接开给受益人,或把担保人在受益人所在国家的代理行作为通知行或转递行,通知行或转递行在负责核验保函签字后将保函通知受益人.当索款要求发生时,受益人提交书面要求书(Writen Demand for Paymen)及书面违约声明(Written Statememt of Principal's Breach/Default),该声明可以包含在要求书中,也可以作成单独的声明,交给担保人,经其审核相符,即应付款给受益人,并向委托人转递单据并索偿.直接(三方)保函结构如图直接(三方)保函结构包括三个不同的合同:委托人与受益人之间订立的基础合同(Underlying Contrat);委托人与担保人之间订立的赔偿担保合同(Counter Imdemnitry Contract)或偿付合同(Reimbursement Contract);担保人与受益人之间的保函(合同)(Guaranee).2.间接(四方)保函结构.在受益人要求保函由其本国银行出具,而委托人与这家银行并无往来的情况下,委托人只能请他们的往来银行安排一家受益人所在地银行出具保函.委托人与其往来银行订立了赔偿担保合同或偿付合同以后,由其往来银行(即指示人,Instructing Party)向受益人所在地银行(即担保人,Guarantor)发出反担保函(Counter --Guarantee),要求担保行凭反担保函开立保函给受益人.由于委托人的往来银行不能开立直接(三方)保函,他只好作为指示人,指示受益人所在地银行凭其反担保函向受益人出具保函.发生索款要求时,受益人将要求书及违约声明提交担保人,经其审核相符,即应付款给受益人并向指示人转递单据并索偿,指示人再向委托人转递单据和索偿.间接(四方)保函结构如图间接(四方)保函结构包括四个不同的合同:委托人与受益人之间订立的基础合同(Underlying Contrat);委托人与指示人之间订立的赔偿担保合同(Counter Imdemnity Contract)或偿付合同(Reimbursement Cont-ract);指示人与担保人之间订立的反担保函(Counter Guarantee);担保人与受益人之间的保函(合同)(Guarantee).见索即付保函建立的各个契约关系是互不相同的.担保人对受益人的责任只是由开出保函而产生的,其履行付款责任的惟一条件是在保函有效期内收到索款要求书和保函规定的并与保函条款相符的其他单据.担保人不是基础合同当事人,所以对合同的履行与否并不关心.同样,委托人与担保人和受益人之间的契约也无关,受益人对担保人与委托人之间的契约也无关.因此,委托人未能就担保责任向担保人交付保证金的事实并不影响受益人的权利.担保人与委托人之间的关系体现着一种内部委托授权关系.担保人责任依照此授权行事(这种责任的严格程度因司法管辖权不同而不同),否则就可能丧失向委托人索偿的权利.但这些契约与受益人无关,受益人的权利取决于他是否依照保函条款行事.在间接(四方)保函业务中,指示人与担保人之间也有一种契约.这个契约包括两个方面:一是指示人委托担保人开立保函的指令,如果担保人作为受托人接受了此项指令,就必须依照该指令行事;二是担保人作为开立保函的先决条件向指示行索要的反担保,该反担保与委托人指令是相互独立的.在间接保函业务中,委托人只与指示人有契约关系,与担保人则没有契约关系.(五)见索即付保函的基本原则从根本上来说见索即付保函的基本特征与跟单作用证有许多相似之处:1.抽象的付款承诺.见索即付保函包含一个抽象的付款承诺,只要受益人未表示拒绝,保函一旦开立,该承诺即具有约束力.2.保函独立于基础交易.虽然保函产生于委托人与受益人之间的基础合同,但却独立于该合同.保函与基础合同项下所分别产生的各当事人的权利和义务是相互独立的.原则上讲,担保人与基础合同无关.只要没有受益人欺诈的确凿证据或适用法律允许的其他拒付理由,担保人无权拒付,委托人也无权就受益人是否实际违约而要求扣留保函项下的应赔付款项.但保函的独立性也有其局限性,如果有确凿的证据证明受益人有欺诈行为(如明知委托人已完全履行了合同项下的所有责任但仍提出要求),受益人则无权得到支付.3.保函独立于委托人和担保人之间的契约.担保人无权以委托人违反该合同(如未交足保证金)为由拒付保函项下的索款要求.4.保函的单据化特征.保函的单据化特征表现为其金额,付款期限,付款条件和付款责任的终止(即到期日)均取决于保函本身条款及索赔书和其他保函所规定单据的提交.因此,担保人并不关心对客观事实的调查,如委托人在履行基础合同中违约的事实,或受益人由此而遭受的实际损失等等.5.索赔要求必须与保函条款相符.只有在与保函条款相符的情况下,受益人才有权得到付款.如受益人未能提交保函规定的单据或所提交的单据与保函要求不符,或索赔要求末以保函要求的形式出具且未能在保函有效期内提交,受益人就无权获得付款.所要求的相符标准由于司法管辖权的不同而存在差异.有些国家法律要求严格相符,即使轻微不符也会使受益人失去获得付款的权利;但在其他国家,这种要求却是相对宽松的实质性相符.6.担保人对单据的审核责任仅限于表面相符.7.担保人的责任仅限于诚信与合理的谨慎.担保人在履行其职责时,其责任仅限于诚信与合理谨慎,对于其不能控制的行为不负责任.8.反担保函独立于保函.在间接(四方)保函业务中,当反担保函开立时,该反担保函独立于担保函.正如担保函独立于委托人与受益人之间的基础合同那样,担保人只要提交了与反担保函条款相符的索赔单据,即应得到赔款(在无确凿欺诈证据或无其他止付理由情况下),而无论担保人是否已对其保函项下受益人付款,或是否接到索款要求,或是否有法定支付责任.9反担保函独立于指示人发出的委托授权.反担保函像保函那样具有单据化特征,并包含一个抽象的付款承诺,反担保函原则上独立于因指示人向担保人发出委托授权所产生的不同合同关系,担保人对委托授权的违反(例如关于开出保函时所应该使用的条款)只是担保人与指示之人间的内部问题,指示人不能以此为由拒绝担保人的索款要求,除非将委托授权的条文也写入反担保函.(六)强制性规则及国家政策要求的影响在见索即付保函业务中,尽管大部分法律体系在制定合同方面给予各当事人极大的自主权,但正如其他合同一样,保函也要服从于适用法律所附加于保函的强制性规则,以及审理法院所在国法律的强制性规则,这些规则甚至可适用于由外国法律所管辖的合同.地方法院的强制性规则是否具有优先权或是否可能被管辖合同的外国法律所取代是一个应由地方法院决定的问题.当适用法律或地方法院附加可否定或限制保函作用的国家政策规则时,当事人间达成的协议也同样服从于这些规则.在后者情况下,这些规则具有强制性效力.例如一个国家的强制性规则规定保函必须在指定期限内保持有效,或直至保函文件的退回,尽管保函有相反规定,但如果保函受该国法律的管辖,那规则将压倒保函条款.(七)保函的索款要求担保人履行付款责任的最基本的先决条件是受益人须提交一项索款要求,而这个索款要求几乎一成不变地被要求做成书面形式.何谓书面应由适用法律界定.URDG第2条D款清楚地规定,书面包括EDI信息及其他加押或证实有效的电讯.目前多数见索即付保函不要求额外的单据,受益人提交一份书面要求即可.但有时也规定其他单据,如受益人或第三方出具的证明,证明委托人违反基础合同,或者甚至要求提交法庭判决书或仲裁裁决书(尽管从技术上讲这些要求仍为单据要求,但实际上几乎使保函变成了保证书).如下所述,URDG的索款要求书必须随附受益人的书面违约声明.该规则的目的在于劝阻不适当的索款要求,同时又保留了市场需求和惯例所要求的这种补偿方式快捷,简单的特点.当然,索款要求及规定的单据应与基础合同有关,并且必须在保函效期内以保函要求的方式提交.(八)保函有效期的单方面修改要求在一些国家,受益人经常提交一份付款或延期付款的要求.尽管两者要求担保人所采取的首要行动有所不同,但意思是一样的,即除非担保人接受益人要求延展保函有效期,否则只有付款.连续性的展延或付款并不少见,如接受这些要求,就会导致保函有效期的实质性延长.付款或延期要求并非都是不公平或不适当的,受益人也许确实认为委托人已违约,因而使其有权向担保人要求付款,但受益人愿意提出这样的选择性要求避免使担保人处于立即付款的境地.不过这种要求并非总是善意的,受益人也可能在委托人没有违约情况下提出这种要求以迫使保函展期.无论付款或延期的要求是否出于善意,担保人首先必须考虑其委托人或其指示人(在间接保函业务中)的委托授权,如担保人不经授权同意展延效期的话,则应对委托人或指示人承担相应的责任.同样,指示人在同意展延保函效期前,也必须考虑他自己从委托人那里得到的委托授权,但所有这些委托授权均与受益人无关,受益人只与担保人有合同关系,并有权信赖这种展期,而不管担保人是否有权展期.如有确凿证据证明索赔为欺诈,担保人有权拒付.适用法律也可能给予担保人其他拒付理由.但在没有确凿欺诈证据或其他拒付理由时,如不能展期,且保函所有条款要求已被满足,担保人必须付款.(九)拒绝付款的根据由于保函独立于基础合同,因此,原则上讲,受益人一旦提交了与保函条款完全相符的索赔要求,担保人即须付款,而无论事实主委托人是否违约.但所有的法律体系均承认此规则的例外事项.最常见的例外即受益人的欺诈行为,尽管不同的司法管辖权对此有不同的解释,但其典型特征是受益人在明知委托人没有违约的情况下仍提出恶意索款要求.在实践中欺诈是很难证实的,因为不仅要求证明委托人已完全履约,还要证明受益人在要求付款时已经知道这一事实.在间接保函业务中,当委托人须证明不是受益人欺诈而是担保人欺诈时,这种证明将更加困难,况且法院也尚未将欺诈的概念加以充分发展.有些国家的法律不是将欺诈的概念限定于恶意或欺诈意图,而是扩展至诸如缺乏客观诚意的范围,例如,没有正常人认为该要求是正当的.尽管欺诈是对履行正常付款责任的最为常见的例外,但不是惟一例外.根据有关的适用法律,抵消,保函业务的先期违规和不可抗力导致的付款受阻都可构成例外理由.(十)保函的修改保函的修改应像保函本身一样,在受益人未拒绝接受的情况下于签发时生效,拒绝接受修改的结果是保函继续以修改前的形式有效.三,《见索即付保函统一规则》概述(一)URDG产生的背景.如前所述,由于1978年制定的《合约保函统一规则》未能被广泛接受,导致产生了《见索即付保函统一规则》(URDG).由曾经非常成功地制定了《跟单信用证统一惯例》的国际商会银行技术与实务委员会与国际商业惯例委员会共同组建新规则起草联合工作组.联合组为制定新规则做了大量广泛的工作,具体由一起草小组完成规则的制定.最后,新规则由这两个委员会分别于1991年10月和11月开会通过,同年1月由国际商会执行委员会批准,并以国际商会第458号出版物于1992年4月出版发行.(二)URDG的合同基础,只有通过将适用条款写入保函的方式,URDG才对所开保函有效(第l条).新规则的首要功能是将好的惯例整理汇编,以供各当事人通过新规则明确写人合同的方式加以采用.新规则为担保人与受益人之间,指示人与担保人之间,在某些方面还为委托人与担保人或指示人之间的交易提供了一个合同框架.同样,新规则也不涉及国家法律和法院所管辖的领域,例如委托人可对认为欺诈或权利滥用的付款要求申请获得禁止令的特定情况.这些是纯粹的法律问题而非合同的问题.如同其他的国际商会惯例规则URDG 只处理当事人之间协议所能适当管辖的问题.因为URDG适用仅取决于合同,所以各当事人可在他们之间协议的适用法律的允许范围内任意排除或修改任何规则条款.(三)URDG的结构URDG正文开始前有一篇导言,阐述了新规则的目的及适用范围,各当事人的合理愿望及国际商会对鼓励采用好的,有关各方均感公平的见索即付保函惯例所给予的关注.当出现违约时,在要求快速补偿的受益人和要求防范不适当要求的委托人之间保持一种公正的平衡.URDG本身由分为六个部分的二十八条组成:A:规则的适用范围(第1条)B:定义及总则(第2-8条)C:义务与责任(第9-16条)D:要求(第17―21条)E:效期的规定(第22-26条)F:适用法律及司法管辖权(第27-28条)URDG适用于本规则第2条a款所界定的见索即付保函和第2条C款界定的反担保函.见索即付保函系指银行或其他实体或个人应委托人或按委托人指示行事的指示人的要求出具的规定凭提交与其条款相符的书面要求书和其他规定单据付款的任何书面付款承诺.URDG条款包括直接保函和间接保函,但仅限于为第三者出具的保函,而不包括担保人为自身出具的保函,尽管后者在某些国家(尤其美国)的备用信用证业务中并不少见,但见索即付保函极少有这种情况.正如人们所知,从法律角度讲,备用信用证等同于见索即付保函.尽管URDG正文并未提及备用信用证,而只是在引言中略作描述,但从技术上讲,备用信用证同样属于URDG所管辖的付款承诺范畴.但由于备用信用证用途更广,且处理备用信用证的银行实务更接近于UCP而不是URDG,所以,引言中表明希望备用信用证继续沿用对其需求更详细更适用的UCP规则.URDG适用于见索即付保函,这种保函本身以书面形式出具并规定URDG只处理当事人乙间协议所能适当管辖的问题.因为URDG适用仅取决于合同,所以各当事人可在他们之间协议的适用法律的允许范围内任意排除或修改任何规则条款.(三)URDG的结构URDG正文开始前有一篇导言,阐述了新规则的目的及适用范围,各当事人的合理愿望及国际商会对鼓励采用好的,有关各方均感公平的见索即付保函惯例所给予的关注.当出现违约时,在要求快速率卜偿的受益人和要求防范不适当要求的委托人之间保持一种公正的平衡.mm本身由分为六个部分的二十八条组成:A:规则的适用范围(第1条)B:定义及总则(第2-8条)C:义务与责任(第9-16条)D:要求(第17―条)E:效期的规定(第22-26条)F:适用法律及司法管辖权(第27-28条)。
国际商会见索即付保函统一规则
国际商会见索即付保函统一规则《国际商会见索即付保函统一规则》（URDG758）URDG758是URDG458的升级，是URDG458的延续，在历经17年(1992 – 2009)的实践后，URDG458被证明是成功而可靠的，它在世界范围内的众多业务领域获得了银行和商界的广泛应用。
国际商会自1991年制定《见索即付保函统一规则》（URDG）以来，这是首次对该规则进行修订。
作为修订工作成果的URDG758在获得银行委员会和商业法律与惯例委员会委员的通过后，在2009年12月3日获得了国际商会执委会的批准，并将于2010年7月1日生效。
新版规则适用于任何在文本中表明适用本规则的见索即付保函或反担保函，也可以作为贸易惯例加以应用。
在适用法律允许的情况下，URDG758也适用于保函和反担保函相关方之间持续的交易过程。
其主要变化有：1 剔除了“合理时间”和“合理审慎”的条款，以树立确定性和可预测性。
2 担保人在拒绝不相符索赔时，应该在五个工作日内发出拒付通知并列出所有不符点，否则担保人将丧失声明索赔不相符的权利。
3保函自开立到失效过程中的关键阶段出现时，申请人有被告知的权利。
4 制定了一套全新的在未明确失效日期或失效事件情况下的保函失效机制，旨在降低严重损害申请人利益的敞口保函的数量。
5 提供了保函和反担保函的标准模板。
（由于国际商会享有完全的版权，本人手中的保函模板不便公开。
ForewordThis revision of ICC’s Rules for Demand Guarantees (URDG) is the first since the rules were developed by ICC in 1991. The original rules, URDG 458, gained broad international acceptance in recent years following their incorporation bythe World Bank in its guarantee forms and their endorsement by UNCITRAL and leading industry associations, such as FIDIC.This first revision of the rules was meticulously prepared over a period of two and a half years, and is the result of a collective effort by a number of ICC constituent groups. It was developed as a joint project by two ICC commission on Commercial Law and Practice-therefore taking into account the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. ICC national committees contributed substantially to the final product: some 52 national committees submitted several hundred pages of valuable suggestions on successive drafts, a number of which were incorporated into the final text.The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, which consisted of 40 menbers from 26 countries, reviewed all comments submitted by national committees and the Task Force and developed the final draft.This collective effort has borne fruit; it has produced rules that reflect a broad consensus among bankers, users and all members of the guarantee community. In fact, the present revision of the URDG does not merely update the existing rules. It is the result of an ambitious project to create a new set of rules of the twenty-first century that is clearer, more precise and more comprehensive. As such, URDG 758 is designed to become the standard text for demand gurantees worldwide.。
见索即付保函统一规则URDG_758中英文
URDG 758The URDG 758 are the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees - effective 01 July 2010.ForewordThis revision of ICC's Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees (URDG) is the first since the rules were developed by ICC in 1991. The original rules, URDG 458, gained broad international acceptance in recent years following their incorporation by the World Bank in its guarantee forms and their endorsement by UNCITRAL and leading industry associations, such as FIDIC.This first revision of the rules was meticulously prepared over a period of two and a half years, and is the result of a collective effort by a number of ICC constituent groups. It was developed as a joint project by two ICC commissions - the Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice - therefore taking into account the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. ICC national committees contributed substantially to the final product: some 52 national committees submitted several hundred pages of valuable suggestions on successive drafts, a number of which were incorporated into the final text.The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, which consisted of 40 members from 26 countries, reviewed the various drafts and added their own suggestions. The URDG Drafting Group, ably chaired by Dr Georges Affaki, met on a number of occasions, carefully reviewed all comments submitted by national committees and the Task Force and developed the final draft.This collective effort has borne fruit; it has produced rules that reflect a broad consensus among bankers, users and all members of the guarantee community. In fact, the present revision of the URDG does not merely update the existing rules. It is the result of an ambitious project to create a new set of rules for the twenty-first century that is clearer, more precise and more comprehensive. As such, URDG 758 is destined to become the standard text for demand guarantees worldwide.Jean RozwadowskiSecretary GeneralInternational Chamber of CommerceJanuary 2010IntroductionThe new URDG 758 succeed URDG 458. Over 17 years of practice (1992 - 2009), URDG 458 proved to be both successful and reliable. They were used by banks and businesses across continents and industry sectors. URDG 458 were endorsed by international organizations, multilateral financial institutions, bank regulators, lawmakers and professional federations. In contrast to the failed Uniform Rules for Contract Guarantees (URCG 325), URDG 458 reflected the reality of the international demand guarantee market and struck the most reasonable balance between the interests of all the parties involved. By choosing to instruct a guarantor to issue a demand guarantee subject to URDG, applicants renounced their ability to obstruct payment for reasons derived from their relationship with the beneficiary. In turn, beneficiaries were expected to state in general terms - but not to justify, establish or prove - the nature of the applicant's breach in the performance of the underlying relationship. Finally, because a demand guarantee is an independent undertaking, guarantors were assured that their commitment was subject to its own terms. They were insulated from the performance contingencies of the underlying relationship.Their incremental use, backed by the support of ICC, enabled URDG 458 to make a critical contribution towards levelling the playing field among demand guarantee issuers and users regardless of the legal, economic or social system in which they operate.Yet, URDG 458 formed the first attempt by ICC to codify independent guarantee practice. Over the years, the application of their provisions shed light on the need for drafting adjustments, clarifications, expansion of scope or clear corrections of the adopted standard. Views reported to the ICC Task Force on Guarantees from URDG users worldwide provided the necessary material to launch a revision of URDG 458 that both the lapse of time and the evolution of practice made necessary. The revision was launched in 2007 and was conducted under the aegis of both the ICC Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice (CLP).The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, the standing expert body created by ICC in 2003 to monitor international guarantee practice, acted as a consultative body to a Drafting Group that produced five comprehensive drafts during the two and a half year revision process. Each draft was submitted for review and comments to ICC national committees. Over 600 sets of comments were received from a total of 52 countries and were thoroughly examined. These comments were instrumental in shaping the new rules. Regular progress reports were presented to meetings of each of the ICC commissions considering the rules and were comprehensively debated. This method ensured that the revision takes into account views received from a broad cross-sector of concerned parties.The resulting URDG 758 were adopted by the ICC Executive Board on 3 December 2009, following endorsement by the members of the two sponsoring commissions. They will come into force on July 1, 2010. The new rules apply to any demand guarantee or counter-guarantee where incorporated by reference in the text. They can also apply as trade usage or by implication from a consistent course of dealing between the parties to the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee where so provided by the applicable law.The new URDG 758 do not merely update URDG 458; they are the result of an ambitious process that seeks to bring a new set of rules for demand guarantees into the 21st century, rules that are clearer, moreprecise and more comprehensive.Clearer URDG.The new URDG 758 aim for clarity. They adopt the drafting style of ICC's universally accepted Uniform Rules for Documentary Credits (UCP 600) by bringing together the definitions of terms in one article. They also bring a much needed clarification of the process according to which a presentation will be checked for conformity.More precise URDG. A number of the standards contained in URDG 458 left a margin for interpretation that varied according to the particular facts of the case. This was particularly true for the terms "reasonable time" and "reasonable care". The new URDG have excluded all imprecise standards with an aim to foster certainty and predictability. Examples are time durations for the examination of a demand, the extension of a guarantee in the case of force majeure, and the suspension of the guarantee in the case of an extend or pay demand.More comprehensive URDG. Important practices were left out of URDG 458. This was particularly the case for the advice of a guarantee, amendments, standards for examination of presentations, partial, multiple and incomplete demands, linkage of documents, and transfer of guarantees. In addition, there was only fragmentary treatment of counter-guarantees. What was understandable at the time of the first attempt to codify demand guarantee practice can no longer be accepted 17 years later. The new URDG 758 now cover all of these practices and make clear that provisions governing guarantees apply equally to counter-guarantees.Balanced URDG. The new URDG 758 endorse and build on the balanced approach that characterized URDG 458. For example:- The beneficiary is entitled to payment upon presentation of a complying demand without the need for the guarantor to seek the applicant's approval. The new URDG also correct an unfair situation that would have left the beneficiary without recourse to the guarantee in the case of force majeure if its expiry coincided with the interruption of the guarantor's business.- The guarantor's independent role is expressed in stronger and clearer terms and, more importantly, it is now expressed in exclusively documentary terms. The new URDG expect the guarantor to act diligently. For instance, a guarantor is expected to reject a non-complying demand within five business days by sending a rejection notice that lists all of the discrepancies; otherwise, the guarantor will be precluded from claiming that the demand is non-complying and will be compelled to pay. Largely accepted in documentary credit practice under the UCP, the preclusion sanction is necessary to discipline unfair practices that work to the detriment of the beneficiary.- The applicant's right to be informed of the occurrence of the key stages in the lifecycle of the guarantee is acknowledged in the new rules. However, this information should not be a prerequisite for payment when a complying demand is presented.Innovative URDG. The new URDG 758 feature a number of innovations dictated by the development of practice and the need to avoid disputes. An example is the new rule that proposes a substitution of currencies when payment in the currency specified in the guarantee becomes impossible. Another example is the new termination mechanism for guarantees that state neither an expiry date nor an expiryevent. This solution is expected to reduce the number of open-ended guarantees that severely penalize applicants and are incompatible with the banks' capital requirements.The Guide. The rationale, preparatory work and interpretation of each article of the new URDG 758 can be found in a separately released Guide to the rules (ICC Publication No. 702).The new URDG 758 package.The new rules are accompanied by a model guarantee and counter-guarantee form featured at the end of this publication. They are destined to evolve into an indispensable companion to the new URDG 758 and their users. Experience shows that a comprehensive ready-to-use package that combines both the rules and model forms is more attractive to users than the previously separate ICC publications Nos. 458 and 503. It should also be conducive to more harmonized a practice.In drafting the new URDG 758 model guarantee form, a unitary approach was preferred to one that would have consisted of multiple forms linked to the purpose of each guarantee. Tender, performance, advance payment, retention money, warranty and other types of demand guarantees share the same nature and have similar features. This was evidenced by the five nearly identical basic model guarantee forms in ICC publication No. 503 that accompanied URDG 458. Of course, URDG 758 users have the option of enriching the unitary model form with one or more of the clauses proposed at the end of this publication such as the reduction of amount clause for advance payment guarantees or even drafting any other clause outright.A final message: the need for clear drafting. Clear drafting is the linchpin of a successful international demand guarantee practice. This has proven to be the case over time and across cultures and industry sectors. Using the new URDG 758 model guarantee form levels the playing field and avoids misunderstandings. As such, it will hopefully significantly curb the worrying tendency that a few courts have shown in recent years to re-characterize demand guarantees as accessory suretyships - or the reverse. While sometimes warranted by the ambiguous terms used by the parties, such interference has considerably destabilized the international guarantee market by adding a particularly prejudicial element of uncertainty. Such a regrettable situation can be remedied by a consistent use of URDG 758 and their accompanying model form in any type of demand guarantee or counter-guarantee or, indeed, any other independent undertaking.Acknowledgments. I would like to express my deep appreciation to the members of the ICC Task Force on Guarantees*, the ICC national committees and members of both the Banking Commission and CLP for their guidance, support and constructive participation in the revision. The Guarantees Department of RZB was very helpful in processing the hundreds of national comments received throughout the revision process and compiling them for the Drafting Group's review.It was my privilege to chair the Drafting Group that undertook the revision. The members of the Drafting Group are listed below in alphabetical order:Roger Carouge (Germany), Sir Roy Goode (United Kingdom),Dr Andrea Hauptmann (Austria), Glenn Ransier (United States), Pradeep Taneja (Bahrain), and Farideh Tazhibi(Islamic Republic of Iran).Rarely has a chairman been blessed with a group whose members are so experienced and enthusiastic about the subject at hand, animated by team spirit, complementary in their regional and sectoralexperience and able to endure with admirable patience the inevitable challenges of a fast-track revision process.The result is the new URDG 758, which we proudly offer to the world.Dr. Georges AffakiVice-Chair, ICC Banking CommissionBNP ParibasJanuary 2010目录Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围 (8)Article 2 Definitions 定义 (8)Article 3 Interpretation 解释 (11)Article 4 Issue and effectiveness 开立和生效 (12)Article 5 Independence of guarantee and counter-guarantee 保函和反担保函的独立性 (13)Article 6 Documents v. goods, services or performance 单据和货物、服务或者履约行为 (13)Article 7 Non-documentary conditions 非单据条件 (13)Article 8 Content of instructions and guarantees 指示和保函的内容 (14)Article 9 Application not taken up 拒绝接受申请 (15)Article 10 Advising of guarantee or amendment 保函或者保函修改的通知 (15)Article 11 Amendments 修改 (16)Article 12 Extent of guarantor's liability under guarantee 保函项下担保人责任的范围 (17)Article 13 Variation of amount of guarantee 保函金额的变动 (17)Article 14 Presentation 交单 (17)Article 15 Requirements for demand 对索偿要求的要求 (19)Article 16 Information about demand 关于索偿要求的告知 (19)Article 17 Partial demand and multiple demands; amount of demands 部分索偿要求和多次索偿要求，索偿要求的金额................................ .. (20)Article 18 Separateness of each demand 每一次索偿要求的独立性 (21)Article 19 Examination 审核 (21)Article 20 Time for examination of demand; payment 审核索偿要求的时间，付款 (22)Article 21 Currency of payment 支付的货币 (22)Article 22 Transmission of copies of complying demand 相符索偿要求副本的传递 (23)Article 23 Extend or pay 展期或付款 (23)Article 24 Non-complying demand, waiver and notice 非相符索偿要求，放弃决定和通知 (25)Article 25 Reduction and termination 减额与终止 (26)Article 26 Force majeure 不可抗力 (27)Article 27 Disclaimer on effectiveness of documents 关于单据有效性的免责 (28)Article 28 Disclaimer on transmission and translation 关于传递和翻译的免责 (29)Article 29 Disclaimer for acts of another party 关于其他当事方行为的免责 (29)Article 30 Limits on exemption from liability 责任豁免的限度 (30)Article 31 Indemnity for foreign laws and usages 外国法律和惯例的补偿 (30)Article 32 Liability for charges 关于费用的责任 (30)Article 33 Transfer of guarantee and assignment of proceeds 保函的转让和款项让渡 (30)Article 34 Governing law 管辖法律 (32)Article 35 Jurisdiction 司法管辖权 (32)Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围a.The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ("URDG") apply to any demand guarantee orcounter-guarantee that expressly indicates it is subject to them. They are binding on all parties to the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee except so far as the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee modifies or excludes them.《见索即付保函统一规则》（以下简称“本规则”）适用于任何在其文本中清楚地表示受本规则约束的见索即付保函或者反担保函。
独立担保国际惯例的新规则：URDG758
证 条 件 和保证 条 款 不只 是 由保 证 当事 方 （ 银 行 和 受益 人 ） 约定 的事 项所 决 定 的 。 ④
的款 项 。 如有证据表 明， 受 益 人 实施 了欺 诈 行 为 或滥 用权 利 ，受 益人 就无 权 要求 担 保人 支 付 。 保
的 附属性 合 同 。 担保 人 在保 函 中所 承诺 的付 款责 任是 否兑 现 ， 要 根 据基 础 交易 合 同 的条款 和 实际 履行 情况来确定 。当保 函项下 的索赔事项 发生时 ． 只 能 依 基础 交 易 合 同 的条 款 来判 定 索 赔 是 否 合 理、 担 保人 是 否应 予受 理 以及 担保 人 是否 应 当支 付。 从 属性 保 函中的担保 人还可 以用被 担保人 （ 保 函申请人 ）在基 础交易合 同项 下对受 益人一方 的
定。 而 且 它们 还 可 能与 主债 务 人在 商 业 上 和金 融 方 面 有 某 种 可 能 导 致 担 保人 拒绝 受 益 人 要 求 或 使受 益 人要 求 无 效 的 因素 ． 因此 债权 人 一 般都 要 求 由信 誉 良好 的 银 行 提 供 担保 。 这样 。 银 行 担 保 也就 成 为 了 国际担保 业 务 中 的主导 力量 。 银行 担 保 作 为商 贸交 易 的备 用 性 保 障举 措 ．
法治研 究
独立担保 国际惯例 的新规则 ：
Ｕ Ｒ Ｄ Ｇ ７ ５ ８ 冰
陈 立 虎
见索即付保函统一规则URDG758介绍=上海
8
URDG758
Article 2 Definitions
➢expiry means the expiry date or the expiry event or, if both are specified, the earlier of the two;
a. when a document specified in the guarantee as indicating the occurrence of the event is presented to the guarantor, or
b. if no such document is specified in the guarantee, when the occurrence of the event becomes determinable from the guarantor's own records. ☺Valid until 30 days after delivery evidenced by cargo receipt ?
URDG758
Article 1 Application of URDG ➢Apply to any demand guarantee or counter-guarantee that expressly indicates it is subject to them, except modifies or excludes them. ➢Demand Guarantee is subject to the URDG,
➢URDG 1992 version or 2010 version?
☺Can the URDG apply where not expressly incorporated in a guarantee?
URDG758 规则介绍
at request of
written undertaking a bank usually LG beneficiary LG applicant stated sum money to the LC beneficiary
to pay
Againstpresentation Againstpresentation of documents, usually a default claim provided the terms & conditions of the Standby
URDG758 Article 1 Application of URDG
Where, at the request or with the agreement of the instructing party, a demand guarantee or counter-guarantee is issued subject to the URDG, the instructing party is deemed to have accepted the rights and obligations expressly ascribed to it in these rules. URDG 1992 version or 2010 version? Can the URDG apply where not expressly incorporated in a guarantee?
758见索即付保函统一规则
URDG 758The URDG 758 are the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees - effective 01 July 2010.ForewordThis revision of ICC's Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees (URDG) is the first since the rules were developed by ICC in 1991. The original rules, URDG 458, gained broad international acceptance in recent years following their incorporation by the World Bank in its guarantee forms and their endorsement by UNCITRAL and leading industry associations, such as FIDIC.This first revision of the rules was meticulously prepared over a period of two and a half years, and is the result of a collective effort by a number of ICC constituent groups. It was developed as a joint project by two ICC commissions - the Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice - therefore taking into account the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. ICC national committees contributed substantially to the final product: some 52 national committees submitted several hundred pages of valuable suggestions on successive drafts, a number of which were incorporated into the final text.The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, which consisted of 40 members from 26 countries, reviewed the various drafts and added their own suggestions. The URDG Drafting Group, ably chaired by Dr Georges Affaki, met on a number of occasions, carefully reviewed all comments submitted by national committees and the Task Force and developed the final draft.This collective effort has borne fruit; it has produced rules that reflect a broad consensus among bankers, users and all members of the guarantee community. In fact, the present revision of the URDG does not merely update the existing rules. It is the result of an ambitious project to create a new set of rules for the twenty-first century that is clearer, more precise and more comprehensive. As such, URDG 758 is destined to become the standard text for demand guarantees worldwide.Jean RozwadowskiSecretary GeneralInternational Chamber of CommerceJanuary 2010IntroductionThe new URDG 758 succeed URDG 458. Over 17 years of practice (1992 - 2009), URDG 458 proved to be both successful and reliable. They were used by banks and businesses across continents and industry sectors. URDG 458 were endorsed by international organizations, multilateral financial institutions, bank regulators, lawmakers and professional federations. In contrast to the failed Uniform Rules for Contract Guarantees (URCG 325), URDG 458 reflected the reality of the international demand guarantee market and struck the most reasonable balance between the interests of all the parties involved. By choosing to instruct a guarantor to issue a demand guarantee subject to URDG, applicants renounced their ability to obstruct payment for reasons derived from their relationship with the beneficiary. In turn, beneficiaries were expected to state in general terms - but not to justify, establish or prove - the nature of the applicant's breach in the performance of the underlying relationship. Finally, because a demand guarantee is an independent undertaking, guarantors were assured that their commitment was subject to its own terms. They were insulated from the performance contingencies of the underlying relationship.Their incremental use, backed by the support of ICC, enabled URDG 458 to make a critical contribution towards levelling the playing field among demand guarantee issuers and users regardless of the legal, economic or social system in which they operate.Yet, URDG 458 formed the first attempt by ICC to codify independent guarantee practice. Over the years, the application of their provisions shed light on the need for drafting adjustments, clarifications, expansion of scope or clear corrections of the adopted standard. Views reported to the ICC Task Force on Guarantees from URDG users worldwide provided the necessary material to launch a revision of URDG 458 that both the lapse of time and the evolution of practice made necessary. The revision was launched in 2007 and was conducted under the aegis of both the ICC Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice (CLP).The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, the standing expert body created by ICC in 2003 to monitor international guarantee practice, acted as a consultative body to a Drafting Group that produced five comprehensive drafts during the two and a half year revision process. Each draft was submitted for review and comments to ICC national committees. Over 600 sets of comments were received from a total of 52 countries and were thoroughly examined. These comments were instrumental in shaping the new rules. Regular progress reports were presented to meetings of each of the ICC commissions considering the rules and were comprehensively debated. This method ensured that the revision takes into account views received from a broad cross-sector of concerned parties.The resulting URDG 758 were adopted by the ICC Executive Board on 3 December 2009, following endorsement by the members of the two sponsoring commissions. They will come into force on July 1, 2010. The new rules apply to any demand guarantee or counter-guarantee where incorporated by reference in the text. They can also apply as trade usage or by implication from a consistent course of dealing between the parties to the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee where so provided by the applicable law.The new URDG 758 do not merely update URDG 458; they are the result of an ambitious process that seeks to bring a new set of rules for demand guarantees into the 21st century, rules that are clearer, moreprecise and more comprehensive.Clearer URDG.The new URDG 758 aim for clarity. They adopt the drafting style of ICC's universally accepted Uniform Rules for Documentary Credits (UCP 600) by bringing together the definitions of terms in one article. They also bring a much needed clarification of the process according to which a presentation will be checked for conformity.More precise URDG. A number of the standards contained in URDG 458 left a margin for interpretation that varied according to the particular facts of the case. This was particularly true for the terms "reasonable time" and "reasonable care". The new URDG have excluded all imprecise standards with an aim to foster certainty and predictability. Examples are time durations for the examination of a demand, the extension of a guarantee in the case of force majeure, and the suspension of the guarantee in the case of an extend or pay demand.More comprehensive URDG. Important practices were left out of URDG 458. This was particularly the case for the advice of a guarantee, amendments, standards for examination of presentations, partial, multiple and incomplete demands, linkage of documents, and transfer of guarantees. In addition, there was only fragmentary treatment of counter-guarantees. What was understandable at the time of the first attempt to codify demand guarantee practice can no longer be accepted 17 years later. The new URDG 758 now cover all of these practices and make clear that provisions governing guarantees apply equally to counter-guarantees.Balanced URDG. The new URDG 758 endorse and build on the balanced approach that characterized URDG 458. For example:- The beneficiary is entitled to payment upon presentation of a complying demand without the need for the guarantor to seek the applicant's approval. The new URDG also correct an unfair situation that would have left the beneficiary without recourse to the guarantee in the case of force majeure if its expiry coincided with the interruption of the guarantor's business.- The guarantor's independent role is expressed in stronger and clearer terms and, more importantly, it is now expressed in exclusively documentary terms. The new URDG expect the guarantor to act diligently. For instance, a guarantor is expected to reject a non-complying demand within five business days by sending a rejection notice that lists all of the discrepancies; otherwise, the guarantor will be precluded from claiming that the demand is non-complying and will be compelled to pay. Largely accepted in documentary credit practice under the UCP, the preclusion sanction is necessary to discipline unfair practices that work to the detriment of the beneficiary.- The applicant's right to be informed of the occurrence of the key stages in the lifecycle of the guarantee is acknowledged in the new rules. However, this information should not be a prerequisite for payment when a complying demand is presented.Innovative URDG. The new URDG 758 feature a number of innovations dictated by the development of practice and the need to avoid disputes. An example is the new rule that proposes a substitution of currencies when payment in the currency specified in the guarantee becomes impossible. Another example is the new termination mechanism for guarantees that state neither an expiry date nor an expiryevent. This solution is expected to reduce the number of open-ended guarantees that severely penalize applicants and are incompatible with the banks' capital requirements.The Guide. The rationale, preparatory work and interpretation of each article of the new URDG 758 can be found in a separately released Guide to the rules (ICC Publication No. 702).The new URDG 758 package.The new rules are accompanied by a model guarantee and counter-guarantee form featured at the end of this publication. They are destined to evolve into an indispensable companion to the new URDG 758 and their users. Experience shows that a comprehensive ready-to-use package that combines both the rules and model forms is more attractive to users than the previously separate ICC publications Nos. 458 and 503. It should also be conducive to more harmonized a practice.In drafting the new URDG 758 model guarantee form, a unitary approach was preferred to one that would have consisted of multiple forms linked to the purpose of each guarantee. Tender, performance, advance payment, retention money, warranty and other types of demand guarantees share the same nature and have similar features. This was evidenced by the five nearly identical basic model guarantee forms in ICC publication No. 503 that accompanied URDG 458. Of course, URDG 758 users have the option of enriching the unitary model form with one or more of the clauses proposed at the end of this publication such as the reduction of amount clause for advance payment guarantees or even drafting any other clause outright.A final message: the need for clear drafting. Clear drafting is the linchpin of a successful international demand guarantee practice. This has proven to be the case over time and across cultures and industry sectors. Using the new URDG 758 model guarantee form levels the playing field and avoids misunderstandings. As such, it will hopefully significantly curb the worrying tendency that a few courts have shown in recent years to re-characterize demand guarantees as accessory suretyships - or the reverse. While sometimes warranted by the ambiguous terms used by the parties, such interference has considerably destabilized the international guarantee market by adding a particularly prejudicial element of uncertainty. Such a regrettable situation can be remedied by a consistent use of URDG 758 and their accompanying model form in any type of demand guarantee or counter-guarantee or, indeed, any other independent undertaking.Acknowledgments. I would like to express my deep appreciation to the members of the ICC Task Force on Guarantees*, the ICC national committees and members of both the Banking Commission and CLP for their guidance, support and constructive participation in the revision. The Guarantees Department of RZB was very helpful in processing the hundreds of national comments received throughout the revision process and compiling them for the Drafting Group's review.It was my privilege to chair the Drafting Group that undertook the revision. The members of the Drafting Group are listed below in alphabetical order:Roger Carouge (Germany), Sir Roy Goode (United Kingdom),Dr Andrea Hauptmann (Austria), Glenn Ransier (United States), Pradeep Taneja (Bahrain), and Farideh Tazhibi(Islamic Republic of Iran).Rarely has a chairman been blessed with a group whose members are so experienced and enthusiastic about the subject at hand, animated by team spirit, complementary in their regional and sectoralexperience and able to endure with admirable patience the inevitable challenges of a fast-track revision process.The result is the new URDG 758, which we proudly offer to the world.Dr. Georges AffakiVice-Chair, ICC Banking CommissionBNP ParibasJanuary 2010目录Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围 (8)Article 2 Definitions 定义 (8)Article 3 Interpretation 解释 (11)Article 4 Issue and effectiveness 开立和生效 (12)Article 5 Independence of guarantee and counter-guarantee 保函和反担保函的独立性 (13)Article 6 Documents v. goods, services or performance 单据和货物、服务或者履约行为 (13)Article 7 Non-documentary conditions 非单据条件 (13)Article 8 Content of instructions and guarantees 指示和保函的内容 (14)Article 9 Application not taken up 拒绝接受申请 (15)Article 10 Advising of guarantee or amendment 保函或者保函修改的通知 (15)Article 11 Amendments 修改 (16)Article 12 Extent of guarantor's liability under guarantee 保函项下担保人责任的范围 (17)Article 13 Variation of amount of guarantee 保函金额的变动 (17)Article 14 Presentation 交单 (17)Article 15 Requirements for demand 对索偿要求的要求 (19)Article 16 Information about demand 关于索偿要求的告知 (19)Article 17 Partial demand and multiple demands; amount of demands 部分索偿要求和多次索偿要求，索偿要求的金额................................ .. (20)Article 18 Separateness of each demand 每一次索偿要求的独立性 (21)Article 19 Examination 审核 (21)Article 20 Time for examination of demand; payment 审核索偿要求的时间，付款 (22)Article 21 Currency of payment 支付的货币 (22)Article 22 Transmission of copies of complying demand 相符索偿要求副本的传递 (23)Article 23 Extend or pay 展期或付款 (23)Article 24 Non-complying demand, waiver and notice 非相符索偿要求，放弃决定和通知 (25)Article 25 Reduction and termination 减额与终止 (26)Article 26 Force majeure 不可抗力 (27)Article 27 Disclaimer on effectiveness of documents 关于单据有效性的免责 (28)Article 28 Disclaimer on transmission and translation 关于传递和翻译的免责 (29)Article 29 Disclaimer for acts of another party 关于其他当事方行为的免责 (29)Article 30 Limits on exemption from liability 责任豁免的限度 (30)Article 31 Indemnity for foreign laws and usages 外国法律和惯例的补偿 (30)Article 32 Liability for charges 关于费用的责任 (30)Article 33 Transfer of guarantee and assignment of proceeds 保函的转让和款项让渡 (30)Article 34 Governing law 管辖法律 (32)Article 35 Jurisdiction 司法管辖权 (32)Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围a.The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ("URDG") apply to any demand guarantee orcounter-guarantee that expressly indicates it is subject to them. They are binding on all parties to the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee except so far as the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee modifies or excludes them.《见索即付保函统一规则》（以下简称“本规则”）适用于任何在其文本中清楚地表示受本规则约束的见索即付保函或者反担保函。
URDG758见索即付保函统一规则[中英对照]
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URDG 758The URDG 758 are the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ‐ effective 01 July 2010.ForewordThis revision of ICC's Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees (URDG) is the first since the rules were developed by ICC in 1991. The original rules, URDG 458, gained broad international acceptance in recent years following their incorporation by the World Bank in its guarantee forms and their endorsement by UNCITRAL and leading industry associations, such as FIDIC.This first revision of the rules was meticulously prepared over a period of two and a half years, and is the result of a collective effort by a number of ICC constituent groups. It was developed as a joint project by two ICC commissions ‐ the Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice ‐ therefore taking into account the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. ICC national committees contributed substantially to the final product: some 52 national committees submitted several hundred pages of valuable suggestions on successive drafts, a number of which were incorporated into the final text.The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, which consisted of 40 members from 26 countries, reviewed the various drafts and added their own suggestions. The URDG Drafting Group, ably chaired by Dr Georges Affaki, met on a number of occasions, carefully reviewed all comments submitted by national committees and the Task Force and developed the final draft.This collective effort has borne fruit; it has produced rules that reflect a broad consensus among bankers, users and all members of the guarantee community. In fact, the present revision of the URDG does not merely update the existing rules. It is the result of an ambitious project to create a new set of rules for the twenty‐first century that is clearer, more precise and more comprehensive. As such, URDG 758 is destined to become the standard text for demand guarantees worldwide.Jean RozwadowskiSecretary GeneralInternational Chamber of CommerceJanuary 2010IntroductionThe new URDG 758 succeed URDG 458. Over 17 years of practice (1992 ‐ 2009), URDG 458 proved to be both successful and reliable. They were used by banks and businesses across continents and industry sectors. URDG 458 were endorsed by international organizations, multilateral financial institutions, bank regulators, lawmakers and professional federations. In contrast to the failed Uniform Rules for Contract Guarantees (URCG 325), URDG 458 reflected the reality of the international demand guarantee market and struck the most reasonable balance between the interests of all the parties involved. By choosing to instruct a guarantor to issue a demand guarantee subject to URDG, applicants renounced their ability to obstruct payment for reasons derived from their relationship with the beneficiary. In turn, beneficiaries were expected to state in general terms ‐ but not to justify, establish or prove ‐ the nature of the applicant's breach in the performance of the underlying relationship. Finally, because a demand guarantee is an independent undertaking, guarantors were assured that their commitment was subject to its own terms. They were insulated from the performance contingencies of the underlying relationship.Their incremental use, backed by the support of ICC, enabled URDG 458 to make a critical contribution towards levelling the playing field among demand guarantee issuers and users regardless of the legal, economic or social system in which they operate.Yet, URDG 458 formed the first attempt by ICC to codify independent guarantee practice. Over the years, the application of their provisions shed light on the need for drafting adjustments, clarifications, expansion of scope or clear corrections of the adopted standard. Views reported to the ICC Task Force on Guarantees from URDG users worldwide provided the necessary material to launch a revision of URDG 458 that both the lapse of time and the evolution of practice made necessary. The revision was launched in 2007 and was conducted under the aegis of both the ICC Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice (CLP).The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, the standing expert body created by ICC in 2003 to monitor international guarantee practice, acted as a consultative body to a Drafting Group that produced five comprehensive drafts during the two and a half year revision process. Each draft was submitted for review and comments to ICC national committees. Over 600 sets of comments were received from a total of 52 countries and were thoroughly examined. These comments were instrumental in shaping the new rules. Regular progress reports were presented to meetings of each of the ICC commissions considering the rules and were comprehensively debated. This method ensured that the revision takes into account views received from a broad cross‐sector of concerned parties.The resulting URDG 758 were adopted by the ICC Executive Board on 3 December 2009, following endorsement by the members of the two sponsoring commissions. They will come into force on July 1, 2010. The new rules apply to any demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee where incorporated by reference in the text. They can also apply as trade usage or by implication from a consistent course of dealing between the parties to the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee where so provided by the applicable law.The new URDG 758 do not merely update URDG 458; they are the result of an ambitious process that seeks to bring a new set of rules for demand guarantees into the 21st century, rules that are clearer, more precise and more comprehensive.Clearer URDG. The new URDG 758 aim for clarity. They adopt the drafting style of ICC's universally accepted Uniform Rules for Documentary Credits (UCP 600) by bringing together the definitions of terms in one article. They also bring a much needed clarification of the process according to which a presentation will be checked for conformity.More precise URDG. A number of the standards contained in URDG 458 left a margin for interpretation that varied according to the particular facts of the case. This was particularly true for the terms "reasonable time" and "reasonable care". The new URDG have excluded all imprecise standards with an aim to foster certainty and predictability. Examples are time durations for the examination of a demand, the extension of a guarantee in the case of force majeure, and the suspension of the guarantee in the case of an extend or pay demand.More comprehensive URDG. Important practices were left out of URDG 458. This was particularly the case for the advice of a guarantee, amendments, standards for examination of presentations, partial, multiple and incomplete demands, linkage of documents, and transfer of guarantees. In addition, there was only fragmentary treatment of counter‐guarantees. What was understandable at the time of the first attempt to codify demand guarantee practice can no longer be accepted 17 years later. The new URDG 758 now cover all of these practices and make clear that provisions governing guarantees apply equally to counter‐guarantees.Balanced URDG. The new URDG 758 endorse and build on the balanced approach that characterized URDG 458. For example:‐ The beneficiary is entitled to payment upon presentation of a complying demand without the need for the guarantor to seek the applicant's approval. The new URDG also correct an unfair situation that would have left the beneficiary without recourse to the guarantee in the case of force majeure if its expiry coincided with the interruption of the guarantor's business.‐ The guarantor's independent role is expressed in stronger and clearer terms and, more importantly, it is now expressed in exclusively documentary terms. The new URDG expect the guarantor to act diligently. For instance, a guarantor is expected to reject a non‐complying demand within five business days by sending a rejection notice that lists all of the discrepancies; otherwise, the guarantor will be precluded from claiming that the demand is non‐complying and will be compelled to pay. Largely accepted in documentary credit practice under the UCP, the preclusion sanction is necessary to discipline unfair practices that work to the detriment of the beneficiary.‐ The applicant's right to be informed of the occurrence of the key stages in the lifecycle of the guarantee is acknowledged in the new rules. However, this information should not be a prerequisite for payment when a complying demand is presented.Innovative URDG. The new URDG 758 feature a number of innovations dictated by the development of practice and the need to avoid disputes. An example is the new rule that proposes a substitution of currencies when payment in the currency specified in the guarantee becomes impossible. Another example is the new termination mechanism for guarantees that state neither an expiry date nor an expiry event. This solution is expected to reduce the number of open‐ended guarantees that severely penalize applicants and are incompatible with the banks' capital requirements.The Guide. The rationale, preparatory work and interpretation of each article of the new URDG 758 can be found in a separately released Guide to the rules (ICC Publication No. 702).The new URDG 758 package. The new rules are accompanied by a model guarantee and counter‐guarantee form featured at the end of this publication. They are destined to evolve into an indispensable companion to the new URDG 758 and their users. Experience shows that a comprehensive ready‐to‐use package that combines both the rules and model forms is more attractive to users than the previously separate ICC publications Nos. 458 and 503. It should also be conducive to more harmonized a practice.In drafting the new URDG 758 model guarantee form, a unitary approach was preferred to one that would have consisted of multiple forms linked to the purpose of each guarantee. Tender, performance, advance payment, retention money, warranty and other types of demand guarantees share the same nature and have similar features. This was evidenced by the five nearly identical basic model guarantee forms in ICC publication No. 503 that accompanied URDG 458. Of course, URDG 758 users have the option of enriching the unitary model form with one or more of the clauses proposed at the end of this publication such as the reduction of amount clause for advance payment guarantees or even drafting any other clause outright.A final message: the need for clear drafting. Clear drafting is the linchpin of a successful international demand guarantee practice. This has proven to be the case over time and across cultures and industry sectors. Using the new URDG 758 model guarantee form levels the playing field and avoids misunderstandings. As such, it will hopefully significantly curb the worrying tendency that a few courts have shown in recent years to re‐characterize demand guarantees as accessory suretyships ‐ or the reverse. While sometimes warranted by the ambiguous terms used by the parties, such interference has considerably destabilized the international guarantee market by adding a particularly prejudicial element of uncertainty. Such a regrettable situation can be remedied by a consistent use of URDG 758 and their accompanying model form in any type of demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee or, indeed, any other independent undertaking.Acknowledgments. I would like to express my deep appreciation to the members of the ICC Task Force on Guarantees*, the ICC national committees and members of both the Banking Commission and CLP for their guidance, support and constructive participation in the revision. The Guarantees Department of RZB was very helpful in processing the hundreds of national comments received throughout the revision process and compiling them for the Drafting Group's review.It was my privilege to chair the Drafting Group that undertook the revision. The members of the Drafting Group are listed below in alphabetical order:Roger Carouge (Germany), Sir Roy Goode (United Kingdom),Dr Andrea Hauptmann (Austria), Glenn Ransier (United States), Pradeep Taneja (Bahrain), and Farideh Tazhibi(Islamic Republic of Iran).Rarely has a chairman been blessed with a group whose members are so experienced and enthusiastic about the subject at hand, animated by team spirit, complementary in their regional and sectoral experience and able to endure with admirable patience the inevitable challenges of a fast‐track revision process.The result is the new URDG 758, which we proudly offer to the world.Dr. Georges AffakiVice‐Chair, ICC Banking CommissionBNP ParibasJanuary 2010目 录Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围 (8)Article 2 Definitions 定义 (8)Article 3 Interpretation 解释 (11)Article 4 Issue and effectiveness 开立和生效 (12)Article 5 Independence of guarantee and counter‐guarantee 保函和反担保函的独立性 (13)Article 6 Documents v. goods, services or performance 单据和货物、服务或者履约行为 (13)Article 7 Non‐documentary conditions 非单据条件 (13)Article 8 Content of instructions and guarantees 指示和保函的内容 (14)Article 9 Application not taken up 拒绝接受申请 (15)Article 10 Advising of guarantee or amendment 保函或者保函修改的通知 (15)Article 11 Amendments 修改 (16)Article 12 Extent of guarantor's liability under guarantee 保函项下担保人责任的范围 (17)Article 13 Variation of amount of guarantee 保函金额的变动 (17)Article 14 Presentation 交单 (17)Article 15 Requirements for demand 对索偿要求的要求 (19)Article 16 Information about demand 关于索偿要求的告知 (19)Article 17 Partial demand and multiple demands; amount of demands 部分索偿要求和多次索偿要求，索偿要求的金额................................ .. (20)Article 18 Separateness of each demand 每一次索偿要求的独立性 (21)Article 19 Examination 审核 (21)Article 20 Time for examination of demand; payment 审核索偿要求的时间，付款 (22)Article 21 Currency of payment 支付的货币 (22)Article 22 Transmission of copies of complying demand 相符索偿要求副本的传递 (23)Article 23 Extend or pay 展期或付款 (23)Article 24 Non‐complying demand, waiver and notice 非相符索偿要求，放弃决定和通知 (25)Article 25 Reduction and termination 减额与终止 (26)Article 26 Force majeure 不可抗力 (27)Article 27 Disclaimer on effectiveness of documents 关于单据有效性的免责 (28)Article 28 Disclaimer on transmission and translation 关于传递和翻译的免责 (29)Article 29 Disclaimer for acts of another party 关于其他当事方行为的免责 (29)Article 30 Limits on exemption from liability 责任豁免的限度 (30)Article 31 Indemnity for foreign laws and usages 外国法律和惯例的补偿 (30)Article 32 Liability for charges 关于费用的责任 (30)Article 33 Transfer of guarantee and assignment of proceeds 保函的转让和款项让渡 (30)Article 34 Governing law 管辖法律 (32)Article 35 Jurisdiction 司法管辖权 (32)Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围a.The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ("URDG") apply to any demand guarantee orcounter‐guarantee that expressly indicates it is subject to them. They are binding on all parties to the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee except so far as the demand guarantee or counter‐guarantee modifies or excludes them.《见索即付保函统一规则》（以下简称“本规则”）适用于任何在其文本中清楚地表示受本规则约束的见索即付保函或者反担保函。
见索即付保函统一规则URDG_758中英文
URDG 758The URDG 758 are the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees -effective 01 July 2010.ForewordThis revision of ICC's Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees (URDG)is the first since the rules were developed by ICC in 1991. The original rules, URDG 458, gained broad international acceptance in recent years following their incorporation by the World Bank in its guarantee forms and their endorsement by UNCITRAL and leading industry associations,such as FIDIC.This first revision of the rules was meticulously prepared over a period of two and a half years, and is the result of a collective effort by a number of ICC constituent groups. It was developed as a jointproject by two ICC commissions - the Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice - therefore taking intoaccount the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. ICCnational committees contributed substantially to the final product: some 52 national committees submitted several hundred pages of valuable suggestions on successive drafts, a number of which were incorporatedinto the final text.The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, which consisted of 40 membersfrom 26 countries, reviewed the various drafts and added their own suggestions. The URDG Drafting Group, ably chaired by Dr Georges Affaki, met on a number of occasions, carefully reviewed all comments submitted by national committees and the Task Force and developed the final draft.This collective effort has borne fruit; it has produced rules that reflect a broad consensus among bankers, users and all members of the guarantee community. In fact, the present revision of the URDG does not merely update the existing rules. It is the result of an ambitious project to create a new set of rules for the twenty-first century that is clearer, more precise and more comprehensive. As such, URDG 758 is destined to become the standard text for demand guarantees worldwide.Jean RozwadowskiSecretary GeneralInternational Chamber of CommerceJanuary 2010IntroductionThe new URDG 758 succeed URDG 458. Over 17 years of practice (1992 - 2009), URDG 458 proved to be both successful and reliable. They were used by banks and businesses across continents and industry sectors. URDG 458 were endorsed by international organizations, multilateral financial institutions, bank regulators, lawmakers and professional federations. In contrast to the failed Uniform Rules for Contract Guarantees (URCG 325), URDG 458 reflected the reality of the international demand guarantee market and struck the most reasonable balance between the interests of all the parties involved. By choosing to instruct a guarantor to issue a demand guarantee subject to URDG, applicants renounced their ability to obstruct payment for reasonsderived from their relationship with the beneficiary. In turn, beneficiaries were expected to state in general terms - but not to justify, establish or prove - the nature of the applicant's breach in the performance of the underlying relationship. Finally, because a demand guarantee is an independent undertaking, guarantors were assured that their commitment was subject to its own terms. They were insulated from the performance contingencies of the underlying relationship.Their incremental use, backed by the support of ICC, enabled URDG 458 to make a critical contribution towards levelling the playing field among demand guarantee issuers and users regardless of the legal, economic or social system in which they operate.Yet, URDG 458 formed the first attempt by ICC to codify independent guarantee practice. Over the years, the application of their provisions shed light on the need for drafting adjustments, clarifications, expansion of scope or clear corrections of the adopted standard. Views reported to the ICC Task Force on Guarantees from URDG users worldwide provided the necessary material to launch a revision of URDG 458 that both the lapse of time and the evolution of practice made necessary. The revision was launched in 2007 and was conducted under the aegis of both the ICC Banking Commission and the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice (CLP).The ICC Task Force on Guarantees, the standing expert body created by ICC in 2003 to monitor international guarantee practice, acted as a consultative body to a Drafting Group that produced five comprehensive drafts during the two and a half year revision process. Each draft was submitted for review and comments to ICC national committees. Over 600sets of comments were received from a total of 52 countries and were thoroughly examined. These comments were instrumental in shaping the new rules. Regular progress reports were presented to meetings of each ofthe ICC commissions considering the rules and were comprehensively debated. This method ensured that the revision takes into account views received from a broad cross-sector of concerned parties.The resulting URDG 758 were adopted by the ICC Executive Board on 3 December 2009, following endorsement by the members of the twosponsoring commissions. They will come into force on July 1, 2010. The new rules apply to any demand guarantee or counter-guarantee where incorporated by reference in the text. They can also apply as tradeusage or by implication from a consistent course of dealing between the parties to the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee where so providedby the applicable law.The new URDG 758 do not merely update URDG 458; they are the resultof an ambitious process that seeks to bring a new set of rules for demand guarantees into the 21st century, rules that are clearer, more precise and more comprehensive.Clearer URDG. The new URDG 758 aim for clarity. They adopt the drafting style of ICC's universally accepted Uniform Rules for Documentary Credits (UCP 600) by bringing together the definitions of terms in one article. They also bring a much needed clarification of the process according to which a presentation will be checked for conformity.More precise URDG. A number of the standards contained in URDG 458left a margin for interpretation that varied according to the particular facts of the case. This was particularly true for the terms "reasonabletime" and "reasonable care". The new URDG have excluded all imprecise standards with an aim to foster certainty and predictability. Examples are time durations for the examination of a demand, the extension of a guarantee in the case of force majeure, and the suspension of the guarantee in the case of an extend or pay demand.More comprehensive URDG. Important practices were left out of URDG 458. This was particularly the case for the advice of a guarantee, amendments, standards for examination of presentations, partial,multiple and incomplete demands, linkage of documents, and transfer of guarantees. In addition, there was only fragmentary treatment ofcounter-guarantees. What was understandable at the time of the first attempt to codify demand guarantee practice can no longer be accepted 17 years later. The new URDG 758 now cover all of these practices and make clear that provisions governing guarantees apply equally to counter-guarantees.Balanced URDG. The new URDG 758 endorse and build on the balanced approach that characterized URDG 458. For example:- The beneficiary is entitled to payment upon presentation of a complying demand without the need for the guarantor to seek the applicant's approval. The new URDG also correct an unfair situation that would have left the beneficiary without recourse to the guarantee in the case of force majeure if its expiry coincided with the interruption of the guarantor's business.- The guarantor's independent role is expressed in stronger and clearer terms and, more importantly, it is now expressed in exclusively documentary terms. The new URDG expect the guarantor to act diligently.For instance, a guarantor is expected to reject a non-complying demand within five business days by sending a rejection notice that lists all of the discrepancies; otherwise, the guarantor will be precluded from claiming that the demand is non-complying and will be compelled to pay. Largely accepted in documentary credit practice under the UCP, the preclusion sanction is necessary to discipline unfair practices that work to the detriment of the beneficiary.- The applicant's right to be informed of the occurrence of the key stages in the lifecycle of the guarantee is acknowledged in the new rules. However, this information should not be a prerequisite for payment when a complying demand is presented.Innovative URDG. The new URDG 758 feature a number of innovations dictated by the development of practice and the need to avoid disputes. An example is the new rule that proposes a substitution of currencies when payment in the currency specified in the guarantee becomes impossible. Another example is the new termination mechanism for guarantees that state neither an expiry date nor an expiry event. This solution is expected to reduce the number of open-ended guarantees that severely penalize applicants and are incompatible with the banks'capital requirements.The Guide. The rationale, preparatory work and interpretation of each article of the new URDG 758 can be found in a separately released Guide to the rules (ICC Publication No. 702).The new URDG 758 package. The new rules are accompanied by a model guarantee and counter-guarantee form featured at the end of this publication. They are destined to evolve into an indispensable companionto the new URDG 758 and their users. Experience shows that a comprehensive ready-to-use package that combines both the rules and model forms is more attractive to users than the previously separate ICC publications Nos. 458 and 503. It should also be conducive to more harmonized a practice.In drafting the new URDG 758 model guarantee form, a unitary approach was preferred to one that would have consisted of multiple forms linked to the purpose of each guarantee. Tender, performance, advance payment, retention money, warranty and other types of demand guarantees share the same nature and have similar features. This was evidenced by the five nearly identical basic model guarantee forms in ICC publication No. 503 that accompanied URDG 458. Of course, URDG 758 users have the option of enriching the unitary model form with one or more of the clauses proposed at the end of this publication such as the reduction of amount clause for advance payment guarantees or even drafting any other clause outright.A final message: the need for clear drafting. Clear drafting is the linchpin of a successful international demand guarantee practice. This has proven to be the case over time and across cultures and industry sectors. Using the new URDG 758 model guarantee form levels the playing field and avoids misunderstandings. As such, it will hopefully significantly curb the worrying tendency that a few courts have shown in recent years to re-characterize demand guarantees as accessory suretyships - or the reverse. While sometimes warranted by the ambiguous terms used by the parties, such interference has considerably destabilized the international guarantee market by adding a particularly prejudicial element of uncertainty. Such a regrettable situation can beremedied by a consistent use of URDG 758 and their accompanying modelform in any type of demand guarantee or counter-guarantee or, indeed,any other independent undertaking.Acknowledgments. I would like to express my deep appreciation tothe members of the ICC Task Force on Guarantees*, the ICC national committees and members of both the Banking Commission and CLP for their guidance, support and constructive participation in the revision. The Guarantees Department of RZB was very helpful in processing the hundreds of national comments received throughout the revision process and compiling them for the Drafting Group's review.It was my privilege to chair the Drafting Group that undertook the revision. The members of the Drafting Group are listed below in alphabetical order:Roger Carouge (Germany), Sir Roy Goode (United Kingdom),Dr Andrea Hauptmann (Austria), Glenn Ransier (United States), Pradeep Taneja (Bahrain), and Farideh Tazhibi(Islamic Republic of Iran).Rarely has a chairman been blessed with a group whose members areso experienced and enthusiastic about the subject at hand, animated by team spirit, complementary in their regional and sectoral experience and able to endure with admirable patience the inevitable challenges of afast-track revision process.The result is the new URDG 758, which we proudly offer to the world.Dr. Georges AffakiVice-Chair, ICC Banking CommissionBNP ParibasJanuary 2010目录Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围 8Article 2 Definitions 定义 8Article 3 Interpretation 解释 11Article 4 Issue and effectiveness 开立和生效 12Article 5 Independence of guarantee and counter-guarantee 保函和反担保函的独立性 13Article 6 Documents v. goods, services or performance 单据和货物、服务或者履约行为 13Article 7 Non-documentary conditions 非单据条件 13Article 8 Content of instructions and guarantees 指示和保函的内容 14Article 9 Application not taken up 拒绝接受申请 15Article 10 Advising of guarantee or amendment 保函或者保函修改的通知 15Article 11 Amendments 修改 16Article 12 Extent of guarantor's liability under guarantee 保函项下担保人责任的范围 17Article 13 Variation of amount of guarantee 保函金额的变动 17Article 14 Presentation 交单 17Article 15 Requirements for demand 对索偿要求的要求 19Article 16 Information about demand 关于索偿要求的告知 19Article 17 Partial demand and multiple demands; amount of demands 部分索偿要求和多次索偿要求，索偿要求的金额 (20)Article 18 Separateness of each demand 每一次索偿要求的独立性 21Article 19 Examination 审核 21Article 20 Time for examination of demand; payment 审核索偿要求的时间，付款 22Article 21 Currency of payment 支付的货币 22Article 22 Transmission of copies of complying demand 相符索偿要求副本的传递 23Article 23 Extend or pay 展期或付款 23Article 24 Non-complying demand, waiver and notice 非相符索偿要求，放弃决定和通知 25Article 25 Reduction and termination 减额与终止 26Article 26 Force majeure 不可抗力 27Article 27 Disclaimer on effectiveness of documents 关于单据有效性的免责 28Article 28 Disclaimer on transmission and translation 关于传递和翻译的免责 29Article 29 Disclaimer for acts of another party 关于其他当事方行为的免责 29Article 30 Limits on exemption from liability 责任豁免的限度 30Article 31 Indemnity for foreign laws and usages 外国法律和惯例的补偿 30Article 32 Liability for charges 关于费用的责任 30Article 33 Transfer of guarantee and assignment of proceeds 保函的转让和款项让渡 30Article 34 Governing law 管辖法律 32Article 35 Jurisdiction 司法管辖权 32Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围a. The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ("URDG") apply to any demand guarantee or counter-guarantee that expressly indicates it is subject to them. They are binding on all parties to the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee except so far as the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee modifies or excludes them.《见索即付保函统一规则》（以下简称“本规则”）适用于任何在其文本中清楚地表示受本规则约束的见索即付保函或者反担保函。
见索即付保函统一规则(URDG758) (2)
见索即付保函统一规则第1条URDG的适用范围a．见索即付保函统一规则（简称“URDG”）适用于任何明确表明适用本规则的见索即付保函或反担保函。
除非见索即付保函或反担保函对本规则的内容进行了修改或排除，本规则对见索即付保函或反担保函的所有当事人均具约束力。
b．如果应反担保人的请求，开立的见索即付保函适用URDG，则反担保函也应适用URDG，除非该反担保函明确排除适用URDG。
但是，见索即付保函并不仅因反担保函适用URDG而适用URDG。
c．如果应指示方的请求或经其同意，见索即付保函或反担保函根据URDG开立，则视为指示方已经接受了本规则明确规定的归属于指示方的权利和义务。
d．如果2010年7月1日或该日期之后开立的见索即付保函或反担保函声明其适用URDG，但未声明是适用1992年本还是2010年修订本，亦未表明出版物编号，则该见索即付保函或反担保函应适用URDG2010年修订本。
第2条定义在本规则中：通知方指应担保人的请求对保函进行通知的一方；申请人指保函中表明的、保证其承担基础关系项下义务的一方。
申请人可以是指示方，也可以不是指示方；申请指开立保函的请求；经验证的当适用于电子单据时，指该单据的接收人能够验证发送人的表面身份以及所收到的信息是否完整且未被更改；受益人指接受保函并享有其利益的一方；营业日指为履行受本规则约束的行为的营业地点通常开业的一天；费用指适用本规则的保函项下应支付给任何一方的佣金、费用、成本或开支；相符索赔指满足“相符交单”要求的索赔；相符交单保函项下的相符交单，指所提交单据及其内容首先与该保函条款和条件相符，其次与该保函条款和条件一致的本规则有关内容相符，最后在保函及本规则均无相关规定的情况下，与见索即付保函国际标准实务相符；反担保函无论其如何命名或描述，指由反担保人提供给另一方，以便该另一方开立保函或另一反担保函的任何签署的承诺，反担保人承诺在其开立的反担保函项下，根据该受益人提交的相符索赔进行付款；反担保人指开立反担保函的一方，可以是以担保人为受益人或是以另一反担保人为受益人，也包括为自己开立反担保函的情况；索赔指在保函项下受益人签署的要求付款的文件；见索即付保函或保函无论其如何命名或描述，指根据提交的相符索赔进行付款的任何签署的承诺；单据指经签署或未经签署的纸质或电子形式的信息记录，只要能够由接收单据的一方以有形的方式复制。
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见索即付保函统一规则第1条URDG的适用范围a．见索即付保函统一规则（简称“URDG”）适用于任何明确表明适用本规则的见索即付保函或反担保函。
除非见索即付保函或反担保函对本规则的内容进行了修改或排除，本规则对见索即付保函或反担保函的所有当事人均具约束力。
b．如果应反担保人的请求，开立的见索即付保函适用URDG，则反担保函也应适用URDG，除非该反担保函明确排除适用URDG。
但是，见索即付保函并不仅因反担保函适用URDG而适用URDG。
c．如果应指示方的请求或经其同意，见索即付保函或反担保函根据URDG开立，则视为指示方已经接受了本规则明确规定的归属于指示方的权利和义务。
d．如果2010年7月1日或该日期之后开立的见索即付保函或反担保函声明其适用URDG，但未声明是适用1992年本还是2010年修订本，亦未表明出版物编号，则该见索即付保函或反担保函应适用URDG2010年修订本。
第2条定义在本规则中：通知方指应担保人的请求对保函进行通知的一方；申请人指保函中表明的、保证其承担基础关系项下义务的一方。
申请人可以是指示方，也可以不是指示方；申请指开立保函的请求；经验证的当适用于电子单据时，指该单据的接收人能够验证发送人的表面身份以及所收到的信息是否完整且未被更改；受益人指接受保函并享有其利益的一方；营业日指为履行受本规则约束的行为的营业地点通常开业的一天；费用指适用本规则的保函项下应支付给任何一方的佣金、费用、成本或开支；相符索赔指满足“相符交单”要求的索赔；相符交单保函项下的相符交单，指所提交单据及其内容首先与该保函条款和条件相符，其次与该保函条款和条件一致的本规则有关内容相符，最后在保函及本规则均无相关规定的情况下，与见索即付保函国际标准实务相符；反担保函无论其如何命名或描述，指由反担保人提供给另一方，以便该另一方开立保函或另一反担保函的任何签署的承诺，反担保人承诺在其开立的反担保函项下，根据该受益人提交的相符索赔进行付款；反担保人指开立反担保函的一方，可以是以担保人为受益人或是以另一反担保人为受益人，也包括为自己开立反担保函的情况；索赔指在保函项下受益人签署的要求付款的文件；见索即付保函或保函无论其如何命名或描述，指根据提交的相符索赔进行付款的任何签署的承诺；单据指经签署或未经签署的纸质或电子形式的信息记录，只要能够由接收单据的一方以有形的方式复制。
在本规则中，单据包括索赔书和支持声明；失效指失效日或失效事件，或两者均被约定情况下的较早发生者；失效日指保函中指明的最迟交单日期；失效事件指保函条款中约定导致保函失效的事件，无论是在该事件发生之后立即失效，还是此后指明的一段时间内失效。
失效事件只有在下列情况下才视为发生：a．保函中指明的表明失效事件发生的单据向担保人提交之时；或者b．如果保函中没有指明该种单据，则当根据担保人自身记录可以确定失效事件已经发生之时。
保函参见见索即付保函：担保人指开立保函的一方，包括为自己开立保函的情况；担保人自身记录指在担保人处所开立账户的借记或贷记记录，这些借记或贷记记录能够让担保人识别其所对应均保函；指示方指反担保人之外的，发出开立保函或反担保函指示并向担保人（或者反担保函情况下向反担保人）承担赔偿责任的一方。
指示方可以是申请人，也可以不是申请人；交单指根据保函向担保人提交单据的行为或依此交付的单据。
交单包括索赔目的之外的交单，例如，为了保函效期或金额变动的交单；交单人指作为受益人或代表受益人进行交单的人，或在适用情况下，作为申请人或代表申请人进行交单的人；签署当适用于单据、保函或反担保函时，指其正本经出具人签署或出具人的代表人签署，既可以用电子签名（只要能被单据、保函或反担保函的接收人验证），也可以用手签、摹样签字、穿孔签字、印戳、符号或其它机械验证的方式签署；支持声明指第15条a款或第15条b款所引述的声明文件；基础关系指保函开立所基于的申请人与受益人之间的合同、招标条件或其他关系。
第3条解释就本规则而言，a．担保人在不同国家的分支机构视为不同的实体。
b．除非另有规定，保函包括反担保函以及保函和反担保函的任何修改书，担保人包括反担保人，受益人包括因反担保函开立而受益的一方。
c．关于提交一份或多份电子单据正本或副本的任何要求在提交一份电子单据时即为满足。
d．在表明任何期间的起始、结束或持续时，ⅰ．词语“从……开始（from）”、“至（to）”、“直至（until，till）”及“在……之间（between）”，包括所提及的日期；ⅱ．词语“在……之前（before）”以及“在……之后（after）”，不包括所提及的日期。
e．词语“在……之内（ within）”用来描述某个具体日期或事件之后的一段期间时，不包括该日期或该事件的日期，但包括该期间的最后一日。
f．如用“第一流的”、“着名的”、“合格的”、“独立的”、“正式的”、“有资格的”或“本地的”等词语用来描述单据的出具人时，允许除受益人或申请人之外的任何人出具该单据。
第4条开立和生效a．保函一旦脱离担保人的控制即为开立。
b．保函一旦开立即不可撤销，即使保函中并未声明其不可撤销。
c．受益人有权自保函开立之日或保函约定的开立之后的其他日期或事件之日起提交索赔。
第5条保函和反担保函的独立性a．保函就其性质而言，独立于基础关系和申请，担保人完全不受这些关系的影响或约束。
保函中为了指明所对应的基础关系而予以引述，并不改变保函的独立性。
担保人在保函项下的付款义务，不受任何关系项下产生的请求或抗辩的影响，但担保人与受益人之间的关系除外。
b．反担保函就其性质而言，独立于其所相关的保函、基础关系、申请及其他任何反担保函，反担保人完全不受这些关系的影响或约束。
反担保函中为了指明所对应的基础关系而予以引述，并不改变反担保函的独立性。
反担保人在反担保函项下的付款义务，不受任何关系项下产生的请求或抗辩的影响，但反担保人与担保人或该反担保函向其开立的其他反担保人之间的关系除外。
第6条单据与货物、服务或履约行为担保人处理的是单据，而不是单据可能涉及的货物、服务或履约行为。
第7条非单据条件除日期条件之外，保函中不应约定一项条件，却未规定表明满足该条件要求的单据。
如果保函中未指明这样的单据，并且根据担保人自身记录或者保函中指明的指数也无法确定该条件是否满足，则担保人将视该条件未予要求并不予置理，除非为了确定保函中指明提交的某个单据中可能出现的信息是否与保函中的信息不存在矛盾。
第8条指示和保函的内容开立保函的指示以及保函本身都应该清晰、准确，避免加列过多细节。
建议保函明确如下内容：a．申请人；b．受益人；c．担保人；d．指明基础关系的编号或其他信息；e．指明所开立的保函，或者反担保函情况下所开立的反担保函的编号或其他信息；f．赔付金额或最高赔付金额以及币种；g．保函的失效；h．索赔条件；i．索赔书或其他单据是否应以纸质和/或电子形式进行提交；j．保函中规定的单据所使用的语言；以及k．费用的承担方。
第9条未被执行的申请担保人在收到开立保函的申请，而不准备或无法开立保函时，应毫不延迟地通知向其发出指示的一方。
第10条保函或保函修改书的通知a．保函可由通知方通知给受益人。
无论是对保函直接进行通知，还是利用其他人（第二通知方）的服务进行通知，通知方都向受益人（以及适用情况下的第二通知方）表明，其确信保函的表面真实性，并且该通知准确反映了其所收到的保函条款。
b．当第二通知方对保函进行通知时，应向受益人表明，其确信所收到的通知的表面真实性，并且该通知准确反映了其所收到的保函条款。
c．通知方或第二通知方通知保函，不对受益人承担任何额外的责任或义务。
d．如果一方被请求对保函或保函修改书进行通知但其不准备或无法进行通知时，则应毫不延迟地通知向其发送保函、保函修改书或通知的一方。
e．如果一方被请求对保函进行通知并同意予以通知，但无法确信该保函或通知的表面真实性，则其应毫不延迟地就此通知向其发出该指示的一方。
如果通知方或第二通知方仍然选择通知该保函，则其应通知受益人或第二通知方其无法确信该保函或通知的表面真实性。
f．担保人利用通知方或第二通知方的服务对保函进行通知，以及通知方利用第二通知方的服务对保函进行通知的，在尽可能的情况下，应经由同一人对该保函的任何修改书进行通知。
第11条修改a．当收到保函修改的指示后，担保人不论因何原因，不准备或无法作出该修改时，应毫不延迟地通知向其发出指示的一方。
b．保函修改未经受益人同意，对受益人不具有约束力。
但是，除非受益人拒绝该修改，担保人自修改书出具之时起即不可撤销地受其约束。
c．根据保函条款作出的修改外，在受益人表示接受该修改或者作出仅符合修改后保函的交单之前，受益人可以在任何时候拒绝保函修改。
d．通知方应将受益人接受或拒绝保函修改书的通知毫不延迟地通知给向其发送修改书的一方。
e．对同一修改书的内容不允许部分接受，部分接受将视为拒绝该修改的通知。
f．修改书中约定“除非在指定时间内拒绝否则该修改将生效”的条款应不予置理。
第12条保函项下担保人的责任范围担保人对受益人仅根据保函条款以及与保函条款相一致的本规则有关内容，承担不超过保函金额的责任。
第13条保函金额的变动保函可以约定在特定日期或发生特定事件时，保函金额根据保函有关条款减少或增加。
只有在下列情况下该特定事件才视为已经发生：a．当保函中规定的表明该事件发生的单据向担保人提交之时，或者b．如果保函中没有规定该单据，则根据担保人自身记录或保函中指明的指数可以确定该事件发生之时。
第14条交单a．向担保人交单应；ⅰ．在保函开立地点或保函中指明的其他地点，并且ⅱ．在保函失效当日或之前。
b．交单时单据必须完整，除非明确表职此后将补充其他单据。
在后一种情况下，全部单据应在保函失效当日或之前提交。
c．如果保函表明交单应采用电子形式，则保函中应指明交单的文件格式、信息提交的系统以及电子地址。
如果保函中没有指明，则单据的提交可采用能够验证的任何电子格式或者纸质形式。
不能验证的电子单据视为未被提交。
d．如果保函表明交单应采用纸质形式并以特定方式交付，但并未明确排除使用其他交付方式，则交单人使用其他交付方式也应有效，只要所交单据在本条a款规定的地点和时间被收到。
e．如果保函没有表明交单是采用纸质形式还是电子形式，则应采用纸质形式交单。
f．每次交单都应指明其所对应的保函，例如标明担保人的保函编号。
否则，第20条中规定的审单时间应自该事项明确之日起开始计算。
本款规定不应导致保函的展期，也不对第15条a款或第15条b款关于任何单独提交的单据也要指明所对应的索赔书的要求构成限制。
g．除非保函另有约定，受益人或申请人出具的，或代表其出具的单据，包括任何索赔书及支持声明，使用的语言都应与该保函的语言一致。