被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
被动语态讲解及练习(附答案 )
被动语态讲解及练习1、主动语态与被动语态的概念:例:⑴We listen to the teacher carefully in class.主谓宾→The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class.主 谓 介词短语⑵We laughed at him .→ He was laughed at by us.二:时态动词的被动形式 例 句 一般现在时 is done He is asked to do this. 一般过去时 was done The story was told by her mother. 一般将来时 will be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow.现在进行时 is being done The novel is being written. 过去进行时 was being done At that time the desk was being made.现在完成时 has been done The house has been built. 过去完成时 had been done They said that their work had been finished.过去将来时 would be done He said the trees would be planted soon. 三、被动语态的各种句型:1、The song is liked by young people. (肯定句)2、The song isn’t liked by young people (否定句)3、 Is the song liked by young people ? (一般疑问句)4、Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked? (特殊疑问句)四、主动语态改被动语态的方法:方法分为三步:⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语⑵动词改为变动形式be done(同时注意时态)⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面,以指明做事的人或物,如果没有必要则省去例:The man killed a tiger.→ A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)五、特殊句型的被动语态:1 含有使役动词(make /let /have)或感官动词(hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等)的句子,在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式,但是在改成被动语态时,则一定要把省去的to再加上去,另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.A.were told to B.are toldC.are told to D.were told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。
句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。
在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。
分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。
故C选项正确。
【点睛】to代替不定式在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。
to代替不定式,常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try,tell等动词连用。
注意:如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been,一般要保留be, have或have been。
本句还原为:Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up。
省略句为:Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to 。
故C选项正确。
2. A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.A.confirmed B.had been confirmedC.was confirmed D.have confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年,当时,一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。
初中英语被动语态讲解-练习及答案
. . -.被动语态一、考点、热点回忆【词汇辨析】1.across, through 穿过across指从一定围的一边到另一边。
动作是在物体的外表进展。
常用于横穿街道、河流,穿过桥梁等。
eg: They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。
through 侧重从物体的部空间穿过,动作是在物体部进展。
常用于门、窗户、森林等。
eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。
2.ill,sick“生病的〞。
ill只在系动词后作表语eg: Her mother was ill in bed.sick既可作表语eg: Her mother was sick in bed.也可作定语eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.假设ill作定语,译为“坏的,恶劣的〞eg: an ill person一个坏人sick作表语时也常译为“恶心的,想吐的“eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.【固定搭配】动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词make room for给.....腾出地方eg: We can make room for her at this table.play a joke on戏弄人;对人恶作剧eg: We can’t play a joke on law.speak highly of称赞eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.say good bye to辞别;告辞eg:I don't want to say good bye to them.take an active part in积极参加eg: They take an active part in school activities.take care of照顾;照料;注意eg: Could you take care of my plants while I'm on vacation? 【被动语态】〔一〕语态:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
例The glass is broken.(系表结构)
The glass was broken by the boy.(被动语态)
2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。
7.“outof+名词”结构;表示“超出⋯⋯之外“,常见的有:out of control (控制不了),out of sight(超
出视线之外),out of one’s reach够(不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled.)。
据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.(=The boy is said to have passed the
national exam.)
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它
10)should/would have been done过去将来完成时(少用)
2.被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2)有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然
6.在therebe⋯句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.More than one worker ______ dismissed.A.have been B.areC.has been D.has【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。
句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。
如果主语由"many a,more than one +单数名词"构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除A和B,“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选C。
2.—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A.serve B.is servingC.is being served D.has been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。
it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。
3.(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow,when a coldfront________to arrive.A.will be expected B.is expectingC.expects D.is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。
句意为:预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。
a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,expect是发生在现在的动作,要用一般现在时,故选D项。
答案:D4.The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A.elected B.settledC.developed D.contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。
【英语】被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
【英语】被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.My brother and I have __________her birthday party.A.been invited B.been invited forC.invited to D.been invited to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查语态和固定搭配。
句意:我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。
My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系,invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”,故D项正确。
2. A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.A.confirmed B.had been confirmedC.was confirmed D.have confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年,当时,一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。
Confirm证实,确认,根据was reported in 2014可知,是过去的事情,先行词是2014,定语从句也用一般过去时,排除B、D;woman与confirm是动宾关系,即她是被确诊的,故选C。
考点:考查时态与被动语态3.(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly.A.will be published B.have been publishedC.had been published D.are published【答案】A【解析】考查时态。
shortly不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来时。
被动语态讲解、练习题及答案
被动语态英语动词有主动和被动两种语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,又叫施动者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,又叫受动者。
区分主动语态和被动语态,主要看主语是执行者还是承受者。
如:The flowers and grass should be watered .(____语态)We should water the flowers and grass .(____语态)◆一构成1.被动语态是由“助动词be +过去分词”构成的,助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。
Tom broke the cup .(主动语态) → The cup was broken by Tom .(被动语态)2.被动语态有以下8种:一般现在时:be(am / is are) +过去分词Trees are planted in spring .一般过去时:be(was / were) +过去分词The house was built last year .现在进行时:be(am / is are) + being +过去分词The car is being repaired .过去进行时:be(was / were) + being +过去分词现在完成时:have / has + been +过去分词The light has been turned off .过去完成时:had + been +过去分词一般将来时:will be +过去分词Lei Feng will be remembered by us forever .含情态动词的:情态动词+ be +过去分词My homework can be finished in two hours .3.被动语态常用于以下场合:①不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁时。
如:My bike was stolen yesterday .我的自行车昨天被偷了。
②强调动作的执行者时,使用“by +动作的执行者”。
(完整版)被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)
(完整版)被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2)has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here.4)was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5)had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6)was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7)shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8)should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth ________.A.to be visited B.being visited C.visiting D.to visit【答案】C【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意义。
句意:这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。
be worth doingsth“值得做某事”,主动形式表达被动意义。
故选C项。
2.It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.A.is held B.has been heldC.will be held D.had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这是第一(二,三…)次…。
一般来说,This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时,但是这个句子中,so far距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。
故选C。
考点: 考查句式用法3.—It’s so humid these days!—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from tomorrow.A.will expect B.expectsC.will be expected D.is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。
句意:——这些日子天气潮湿。
——不要担心!这场雨预计明天就会停止。
根据语境,“expect”表示现在发生的事情,用一般现在时,“停止”的动作发生在明天,且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。
(英语)高考英语高中英语被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
(英语)高考英语高中英语被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.107.The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _____in the snowstorm. A.were trapping B.were being trappedC.are trapping D.are being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。
句意:这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时,解放军战士及时赶来营救。
根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态;根据短语“be trapped in”排除A和C;句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”,故用过去进行时的被动语态,故选B。
点睛:对时态的选择,要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上,根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态,同时关注特殊的结构。
2.Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated.A.belonging B.belongs C.is belonging D.is belonged【答案】B【解析】考查短语:belong to 属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。
故答案选B。
3.It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people.A.are blamed B.was to blame C.was blamed D.were to blame【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致以及be to blame的用法。
句意:是自然灾害,而不是人为错误,应对这么多无辜人类的死亡负责。
be to blame for…表示“应受责备,应对……负责”时,固定短语,因此排除A、C项;这里强调主语the natural disaster,是一个强调句,谓语动词应与主语保持一致,即与the natural disaster保持一致,因此用was to blame,故选B项。
被动语态讲解和练习带答案
被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态A.主动语态表示主语是动作的 _______例:We planted the tree.B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的 _______例:The tree was planted by us.A school is built. (be done)一所学校将要被建。
将来时的被动这所学校正在被建进行时的被动这所学校已经被建成了完成时的被动儿童必须得到照顾。
情态动词+ be doneChildren must be taken good care of.了解被动语态:1.英语中有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态2、形式:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时2) has /have been done 现在完成时3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时4) was/were done 一般过去时5) had been done 过去完成时6) was/were being done 过去进行时7) shall/will be done 一般将来时8) should/would be done 过去将来时9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用)3、被动动态的使用:(1)不知道或没必要说出动作的执行者时,用被动语态。
(2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心时,用被动语态,可带by短语。
4、及物动词才有被动语态。
被动语态的主语大多数是物例:1.Bananas _________in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。
)2.Many more trees _____________in our school next year.(我们学校明年将种更多的树。
)3._______ the trees ________by him.这些树是他种的吗?4.Young trees _________________(必须照看好小树)5. The building____________ (那栋楼房正在建设中。
被动语态的讲解_专项练习及参考答案
精心整理被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
被动语态的时态:1.一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are+动词的过去分词2.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词3.一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+动词的过去分词4.一般将来时的被动语态:willbe+动词的过去分词5.现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are+doing+动词的过去分词6.过去进行时的被动语态:was/were+doing+动词的过去分词7.现在完成时的被动语态:have/has+been+动词的过去分词8.过去完成时的被动语态:had+been+动词的过去分词9.过去将来时的被动语态:would/should+be+动词的过去分词二.被动语态的基本用法:(1)需要强调动作的承受者时TheGreatWallisenjoyedbymillionsofpeopleallovertheworldEnglishiswidelyspokenintheworldnow.(2)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr.Wangisinvitedtothemeetingtoday.Theproblemisdealtwithnow.(3)当说话人需要强调客观时Itissaidthatshewasabeautywhenshewasyoung.三.主动语态变被动语态的变法:口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变bedone,时不变,数格必须随被变。
注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
四、语态转换不被动语态的步骤1,把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2,把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。
3,原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。
英语动词被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析
英语动词被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、动词被动语态1.Children should to be honest from a young age.A. educateB. be educatedC. punishD. be punished【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查被动语态。
句意:应该从小教育孩子们做老实人。
Children是educate的承受者,该用被动语态。
所以选B。
2.—Who's the little girl in the photo?—It's me. The photo ______ 10 years ago.A. tookB. is takenC. has takenD. was taken【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——照片中的小女孩是谁?——是我,这张照片是十年前照的。
句子主语是动作的承受者,应该用被动语态,时间状语是十年前,应该用过去时,故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。
was/were+及物动词的过去分词,过去的被动语态结构。
3.----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places.----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now.A. isn't allowedB. aren't allowedC. doesn't allow【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟,爸爸。
在公共场所不允许吸烟。
----哦,对不起,我马上停止。
“不允许吸烟”,吸烟smoking在句中作主语,用被动语态。
动名词短语smoking作主语,谓语用三人称单数.故选A4.Some people think trees____ on Tree Planting Day only.A. should plantB. should be plantedC. should be plantD. should be planting【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:一些人们认为种树应该只在植树节。
7被动语态讲解+练习+答案
宾补变主补” I asked him to help me with my English. →He was asked to help me with my English.
注意:感觉动词和使役动词在主动句中其后的动词不定式不带to,但变 被动句时to必须还原。
被动语态讲解
一、基本情况:英语的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种,主动语态表示 主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二、构成: 陈述句:主语+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(be有人称、数和时态的变化)
肯定句:主语+be+及物动词的过去分词 否定句:主语+be+not+及物动词的过去分词 一般疑问句:Be+主语+及物动词的过去分词+? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式+? 三、被动语态的用法:
The pen costs five yuan. Cold weather lasts long. This kind of dictionary sells well. 3. 当宾语和谓语是一个不可分割的整体时。
We had a swim in the river yesterday. The teacher walked into the classroom. 4. 当宾语为动词不定式或Ving时。
A. is going to discuss B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
被动语态讲解及练习含答案
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1. ___________________________________________________ Many subway stations, including the one near our school, __________________________________ at present for a better tran sport in the city.A.are con struct ing B . are being con structed C. is con struct ing D . is being con structed 【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。
句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,以便有更便利的交通。
此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语Many subway stations和动词con struct是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选 B.【点睛】现在进行时的被动结构:be + bei ng+过去分词A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad. 一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
1)“ be being done中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。
2)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把be doing变为be being done.例1. The stude nts are clea ning the classroom now. The classroom is being clea ned now. 现在学生们正在打扫教室。
(are cleaning变为is being cleaned)例2. The boy is counting some sheep. Some sheep are being counted.那男孩正在数羊。
高考被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
高考被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.— Can we play basketball in the school gym?— No, it ______ during the summer holidays.A.is repaired B.is being repairedC.was repaired D.has been repaired【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。
句意:--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?--不行,暑假期间操场正在被修葺。
根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。
主语it和动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。
故选B。
2.—Have you heard about that school bus accident?—Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________.A.were saved B.was savedC.have saved D.has been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。
句意为:——你有没有听说那起校车事故?——嗯,幸运的是,车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。
由题干中的Have you heard...可知,事故发生在过去,且all 为主语,和save逻辑上构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案A符合语境。
3.It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.A.is held B.has been heldC.will be held D.had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这是第一(二,三…)次…。
一般来说,This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时,但是这个句子中,so far距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。
最新被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
最新被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.More efforts, as reported, _____ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.A.are made B.will be madeC.are being made D.have been made【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。
句意:据报道,未来几年将会有更多的努力来加快供给侧结构性改革。
本句的时间状语in the years ahead"在将来的几年"和一般将来时连用,且efforts与动词make构成被动关系,所以使用被动语态。
所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式,故B项正确。
2.At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology.A.has discovered B.has been discoveredC.had discovered D.had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。
科学家们感到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,what于动词discover是被动关系,故选D。
3.The singer’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.A.viewed B.has viewedC.was viewed D.has been viewed【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查动词时态与语态辨析。
A. viewed,一般过去式;B. was viewed过去式的被动语态;C. has viewed,现在完成式;D. has been viewed,现在完成式的被动语态。
初中英语动词被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析
初中英语动词被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、动词被动语态1.I will go out to play with you as soon as my homework .A. finishesB. is finishedC. will be finishedD. was finished【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:我的作业一做完我就出去和你玩。
时间状语从句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时;本题中从句的主语是my homework,是动作的承受者,故用被动语态。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,本题涉及时间状语从句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
2.The students of Class One_________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday.A. taughtB. was taughtC. were taught【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意是:在昨天的课堂上学生们被教了怎样做实验。
根据句意可知用被动语态,主语students 是名词复数形式,be 动词用 were,故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
3.More chances _____ for students to learn from each other if working in groups.A. provideB. are providedC. providedD. will provide【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:如果以小组学习,将给学生提供更多的彼此学习的机会。
根据主语More chances“更多的机会”是被提供的,故是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态:be+过去分词,故可以排除ACD,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态,其结构为be+过去分词。
4.Let's wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.A. replaceB. replacedC. will be replacedD. were replaced【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:让我们等着看是否将来书会被网络替代。
初中英语被动语态讲解、练习题及答案
初中英语被动语态讲解、练习题及答案英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
一般现在时:am/is/are+p.p一般过去时:was/were+p.p一般将来时:will/shall+ be+p.p现在进行时:am/is/are being+p.p 过去进行时:have/has being+p.p现在完成时:have/has +been+p.p过去完成时:had +been+p.p过去将来时:would/should+ be+p.p不用于被动语态的动词有些动词用于被动语态,如happen,cost,take,have (有),own,possess, want 。
An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。
One should possess courage, determination and wisdom. 人要拥有勇气、决心和智慧。
动词的主动形式表示被动之意1)某些连系动词,如:look, feel, smell,sound, prove等。
The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
Maria proves very patient and warm-hearted. 玛丽亚被证明很耐心、很热心。
2)表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”等某些属性的动词,虽然可以是及物动词,但这时用作不及物动词,如:close, open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean,cut, run, ride, begin, end, lock, shut, draw,translate, burn, operate等。
初中中考英语语法被动语态的讲解-专项练习及参考答案
被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一.被动语态的时态:1.一般现在时的被动语态:am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态:was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态:will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态:am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态:have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况:1, 当宾语是反身代词时The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker .2,当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时Does the pair of new shoes suit you?We will have a meeting .四.特殊情况的被动语态:1.带双宾语的被动语态:动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to /for 间宾连。
1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或sth +be given +to sb .2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或sth +be bought +for sbHe gave me a bookI ______ ______ a book by him.A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .My mother made me a cake .I ____ _____ a cake by my motherA cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态:动词+ sb + do sth .口诀:感使动词真叫怪,to来to去记心怀,主动语态to离去被动语态to回来。
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被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1.Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better transport in the city.A.are constructing B.are being constructed C.is constructing D.is being constructed 【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。
句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,以便有更便利的交通。
此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语Many subway stations和动词construct是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选B.【点睛】现在进行时的被动结构:be + being+过去分词A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
1)“be being done” 中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。
2)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把be doing变为be being done.例1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now.现在学生们正在打扫教室。
(are cleaning变为is being cleaned)例2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted.那男孩正在数羊。
(is counting 变为 are being counted)2.The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A.elected B.settledC.developed D.contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。
句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。
由句意可知,选settle,意为“解决”。
elect选举;develop 发展;contain 包含,控制。
故选B。
3.At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology.A.has discovered B.has been discoveredC.had discovered D.had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。
科学家们感到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,what于动词discover是被动关系,故选D。
4.The new library ________; it will be open next year.A.had been built B.was builtC.was being built D.is being built【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。
根据后面一句可推知,图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。
所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。
故选D。
5.The singer’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.A.viewed B.has viewedC.was viewed D.has been viewed【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查动词时态与语态辨析。
A. viewed,一般过去式;B. was viewed过去式的被动语态;C. has viewed,现在完成式;D. has been viewed,现在完成式的被动语态。
句意:自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上,这个视频的访问量达到了将近9百万次。
since从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时has done形式,又因music video是被访问的,故要用被动语态。
故选D。
考点:考查动词时态与语态辨析。
6.--- Why don't we choose that road to save time?--- The bridge to it .A.has repaired B.is repairedC.is being repaired D.will be repaired【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意为:——我们为什么不选那条路以节省时间呢?——通往那条路的桥正在维修。
桥正在被维修,故用现在进行时的被动语态。
答案:C7.— Did he decide to take part in the competition?— Yes, of course. He _____ to.A.has been encouraging B.had been encouragedC.has been encouraged D.was to be encouraged【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:——他决定参加比赛吗?——是的,当然。
他已经被鼓励参加比赛。
根据he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析,此处应该使用被动形式,故先排除A 项。
再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析,此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。
故选B。
8.Quantities of soil ________ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters. A.is washed away B.have washed awayC.have washed away D.have been washed away【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数量增加。
句中soil和wash away是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选D。
9.107.The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _____in the snowstorm. A.were trapping B.were being trappedC.are trapping D.are being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。
句意:这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时,解放军战士及时赶来营救。
根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态;根据短语“be trapped in”排除A和C;句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”,故用过去进行时的被动语态,故选B。
点睛:对时态的选择,要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上,根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态,同时关注特殊的结构。
10.—Have you moved into the new house?—Not yet. It ________.A.has been built B.was builtC.is being built D.had been built【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。
句意:——你搬进新家了吗?——仍旧没有,它仍旧正在建设。
根据语境可知,It指代上文提到的the new house,是第三人称单数,与built是被动关系,用被动语态,结合句意,built这一动作表示正在进行的动作。
故选C。
11.––Are the repairs finished yet?––Yes, they ______ when I came back home.A.would be completed B.would completeC.had completed D.had been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。
上句:修理被完成了吗?下句:是的,当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。
根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态,故选D。
12.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days.A.are trapping B.have been trappedC.were trapping D.had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查语态和时态。
句意:一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。
“who ___ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句,修饰two tourists,two tourists和trap之间是被动关系,该空应用被动语态。
由risked可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事情,被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前,即“过去的过去”,该空应用过去完成时态。
综上,D选项正确。
点睛:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”,其表达形式为had done,被动语态的表达形式为had been done。
13.This is one of the highest buildings that _____ in our city recently.A.has been built B.buildC.have been built D.have built【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态。
句意:这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一座。
此处the highest buildings是先行词,指物,复数形式,且和build之间是被动关系,再根据recently所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态,故选C。
14.Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated.A.belonging B.belongs C.is belonging D.is belonged【答案】B【解析】考查短语:belong to 属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。
故答案选B。
15.To my ________, he was not a little ________ at the news that he had won the first prize in the English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well. A.astonishment;astonishingB.astonished;astonishingC.astonishment;astonishedD.astonish;astonishment【答案】C【解析】考查astonish相关短语的用法。