高中英语 虚拟语气导学案

Grammar Unreal conditionals 虚拟语气
【学习目标】Students are expected to learn when to use Unreal conditionals and how to use Unreal conditionals.
条件状语从句分类
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。

非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

eg： 1. If he doesn't hurry up,he will miss the bus.
2.If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.
3.If I were you,I would go at once.
4.If there were no air,people would die.
以上四句中和是真实语气；和是虚拟语气
【自主探究】一、状语从句中的虚拟语气
(一) if 引导的条件状语从句
1 If I had time, I would attend the meeting.
2. If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.
3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.
4. If he had come earlier, he wouldn’t have missed the first bus.
5 If the headmaster came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
6 If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
7 If he should make a mistake, you should not blame him.
与现在事实相反与过去事实相反
与将来事实相反
If 条件状语从句的虚拟语气
感悟：与现在事实相反
1. If I were a doctor, I might save her life without hesitation.
2. If I stayed at home now, I could play computer games.
1. If I had earned a lot of money last year, I would have bought a car.
2. If the earthquake hadn’t happened in Wen chuan in 2008, many people wouldn’t have lost families.
总结形式：
时态if 条件从句主句
与过去事实相反
感悟：与将来事实相反
1. In the future, if I had 10,000,000 yuan, I would buy a house.
2. If the water in the Pacific Ocean were to be poured out, it wouldn’t stop my love.
3. If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.
总结形式:
时态if 条件从句主句
与将来事实相反
（二）：条件状语的倒装：
如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
1.If I were you, I would try it again.
___________________, I would try it again.
2. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.
_______________ there yesterday, he would have seen the film.
2.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
_____________ tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
（三）．错综时间条件句：
假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。

主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。

1. If the weather had been fined, the crops would be growing still better.
2. If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.
3. If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you __________(know) what we are doing now.
4.If you __________(take) my advice then, you _______________________ (现在就不会有麻烦了)
5. _____ her husband _________(kill) in the war, she would not be helping others with housework now.
（四）：含蓄条件句：
有时虚拟的条件不是通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语，如without, but for,
or , otherwise等，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。

1. But for electricity ( = If it were not for electricity ), there would be no modern industry.
2. Without your help (If it had not been for your help), we could not have succeed.
3. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet. Key: 1. would not have put2. had not put 3. had not bitten/would not have died
4.had not been here /would not have prevented
练一练：填入合适的动词形式。

1）Without air, there ____________no life on the earth. (be)
2）He __________________ but for his teacher’s timely advice. (fail)
3）We ___________________ the work better in that case. (do)
4）He would have come to see you yesterday morning but he _____________an important meeting to attend. (have)
（五）：名词性从句虚拟语气：
【巩固提升】
当堂训练：
1. If you __________ (speak) to him last time you saw him, you __________ (know) what to do now.
2. If I ____ (have not ) so much work to do , I __________ (not miss) the film last night.
3. If you _________ (hesitate) this moment, you_____ (suffer) in future.
4. If Mary ________________________ (arrive) today, she must have started three days ago.
5. If it ___________ (snow) last night, it ____________(be) very cold today.
6. ---Why didn’t he come? ----He ______________but she didn’t have time. (come)
7. She would put on weight but she __________(not eat ) enough.
Key: 1.had spoken 2.had not had /would not have missed 3.hesitated /would suffer 4.arri ved 5.had snowed /would be 6.would have come 7.didn’t eat
8. 如果我早上出门带钱了，现在就不如此尴尬了。

9. 要不是你的帮助，我是不会成功通过考试的。

10. 她感觉不舒服，不然她不会那么早离开会场的。

11. 如果他没有生病并且错过了那么多的课，他就会取得更大的进不了。

12. 如果不是你的建议，我们不可能克服这些困难。

13. 如果不是窗户开着睡觉，你就不会感冒了。

14. 我不知道他的电话号码，否则的话，我就会给他打电话了。

15. 如果不是英语老师的帮助，我们就不可能赢得英语写作竞赛一等奖了。

16.如果我们继续这样折腾地球，我们将来将无立足之地。