2020届 二轮复习短文语法填空分类解题指导之十一：特殊句式

2020届二轮复习短文语法填空分类解题指导之十一：特殊句式

明备考方向

攻重点难点

1．强调句型基本结构

(1)强调句型基本结构为“It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ＋句子其他部分”

(2)借助于助动词do/does/did对谓语动词进行强调。

It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.

在你慷慨的帮助下，我认为我会很快地适应大学生活的。

I do hope you can make great progress in your Chinese learning study. Looking forward to your early reply.

我真的希望你能在中文学习上取得很大的进步。期待您的早日回复。

2．与含状语从句的主从复合句的区别

(1)与“It is/was＋时间名词＋when ...”的区别

“It is/was＋时间名词＋when ...”句型中，it指时间，when 引导的是时间状语从句。时间名词前无介词。

It was 6 o'clock when I got up today.(主从复合句)

今天我起床时已经6点了。

It was at 6 o'clock that I got up today.(强调句型)

今天我是6点起的床。

(2)与“It is/was＋时间段＋since ...”的区别

It is two years since I taught English.

我不教英语两年了。

It is two years since I began to teach English.

我教英语已经两年了。

It is two hours that he spends on English every day.

他每天花两个小时学英语。

(3)与“It was/will be＋时间段＋before ...”的区别

“It was/will be＋时间段＋before ...”句型中，it指时间，before引导时间状语从句。

It was two years before he came back from abroad.(时间状语从句)

过了两年他才回国。

It was two years later that he came back from abroad. (强调句型)

他是两年后回国的。

倒装是高考考查的常考点，高考不只是单纯考查倒装，而是常把倒装与时态、主谓一致等结合在一起进行考查，增加了考查的难度，因此考生一定要把倒装的基本用法牢记在心。倒装分为完全倒装与部分倒装。

1．完全倒装

当作状语的here, there, now, then, down, up, out/in, off, away等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首且主语为名词时，句子要完全倒装。但当主语是代词时，主谓不倒装。

John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.

约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿。

At the foot of the mountain stands an old temple, which dates back to Ming Dynasty.

一座追溯至明朝的古老的寺庙屹立在山脚下。

2．部分倒装

(1)only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装；

You should have a thorough understanding of what you are going to read. Only by doing this can you appreciate its beauty.

你应该对你要读的内容有一个全面的了解。只有这样做，你才能欣赏它的美丽。

(2)否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely等及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置

于句首时要部分倒装；

Never before have I seen such a moving film.

＝I have never seen such a moving film before.

以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。

(3)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用部分倒装结构so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语；

They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.

他们喜欢交很多朋友，那些有残疾的人也是如此。

(4)So＋adj./adv. ...that .../Such＋adj.＋n. ...＋that ...“如此……以至于……”；

So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.

天气太冷，我们只好待在家里。

(5)Not only ...but also ...“不仅……而且……”，Not only后是主谓倒装，but also后是正常语序；

Not only can it broaden our horizons but it also deepens our thoughts.

它不仅能开阔我们的视野，而且能加深我们的思想。

(6)在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首，构成部分倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词；

Child as he is, he knows a lot about the history of China.