新人教版学高中GlobalwarmingSectionⅢGrammar教师用书教案选修英语

语境自主领悟

先观察原句后自主感悟

１．There is no doubt that the earth is

becoming warmer and that it is human activity

that has caused this global warming rather

than a random but natural phenomenon．

２．It was a scientist called Charles Keeling who

made accurate measurements of the amount

of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from １9

５7 to １997．

３．They also agree that it is the burning of

more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in

this increase in carbon dioxide．

１．例１中的it is．．．that．．．为强调句型，在这个

句型中，it没有意义，只是引出被强调的成分。此处

强调的是同位语从句的主语human activity。

２．例２中的it was．．．who．．．为强调句型，此

处强调的是主句的主语a scientist。被强调的成分

是表示人的词，故也可用who。

３．例３中的it is．．．that．．．为强调句型，此处强

调的是宾语从句的主语the burning of more and

more fossil fuels。

一、强调句型的基本结构

强调句型的基本结构为：it is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分

１．此结构中it 没有意义，只是引出被强调部分。

２．此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语，不能强调谓语。

３．被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that，而被强调成分是其他时（事物、时间、地点等）只能用that。

It was John who/that bought an old bike yesterday in a marketplace．

是约翰昨天在市场上买了辆旧自行车。（强调主语）

It was an old bike that John bought yesterday in a marketplace．

昨天约翰在市场上买的是辆旧自行车。（强调宾语）

It was yesterday that John bought an old bike in a marketplace．

约翰是昨天在市场上买了辆旧自行车。（强调时间状语）

It was in a marketplace that John bought an old bike yesterday．

昨天约翰是在市场上买了辆旧自行车。（强调地点状语）

It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river．正是因为水涨了，他们没能过河。（强调原因状语）

[即时演练１]

用强调结构对下面句子中的划线部分进行强调

Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo last week．

１It was Nancy that/who saw your sister in T okyo last week．（强调主语）２It was your sister that/who Nancy saw in T okyo last week．（强调宾语）３It was in Tokyo that Nancy saw your sister last week．（强调地点状语）４It was last week that Nancy saw your sister in Tokyo．（强调时间状语）二、强调句型的一般疑问句式和特殊疑问句式

１．一般疑问句式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？

Was it during the Second World War that he died？

他是二战期间死亡的吗？

２．特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他成分？

Why is it that you put off the meeting？

你为什么推迟会议呢？

Where was it that you lost your car？

你是在哪儿丢的车？

[即时演练２]

用强调结构对下面句子中的划线部分进行强调

１How did you forget to lock the door？

How was it that you forgot to lock the door？

２Did he work where his father had studied？

Was it he who/that worked where his father had studied？

三、对not．．．until．．．结构的强调

not．．．until．．．结构的强调句型为“It is/was not until．．．that．．．”，在这一固定句型中，由于not已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。

He didn't go to bed until ten o'clock．

→It was not until ten o'clock that he went to beＤ．

直到１0点他才睡觉。

I didn't realize it until I got off the bus．

→It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it．

直到下车之后我才意识到这事。

[即时演练３] 强调下面句子中的not．．．until．．．结构

１I didn't hear from her until last summer．

It was not until last summer that I heard from her．

２He did not realize his mistakes until the plan was completely ruineＤ．

It was not until the plan was completely ruined that he realized his mistakes．

四、使用强调句型的几个注意事项

１．若被强调成分是主语，who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与被强调的主语保持一致。

It is he who/that often helps me with my English．

是他经常帮我学英语。

It is trees that are planted on the hillside every year．

每年都在山坡上种的是树。

２．若被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格；若是作宾语的代词，则用宾格。

It was he that helped me yesterday．

昨天帮我的人是他。

It was me that he helped yesterday．

他昨天帮的人是我。