新标准大学英语第二版单词Unit1
新标准大学英语2 unit 1 重难点
Words to noteActive reading 1:1.radicalism n. [U]a way of thinking or behaving that is based on the belief that important political and social changes are necessary. 激进主义e.g 1.An extra step from truth, thus, lands us in absurdity. That single word later gave rise to both cultural radicalism and cultural nihilism.真理向前多跨一步就是谬误。
把“流传下来的”误为“传统的”，虽一词之差，却隐含着产生文化激进主义和文化虚无主义的危机。
2.His radicalism and refusal to compromise isolated him.他的激进主义与拒绝妥协使他受到孤立.3.The author is going to study the formation of radicalism in China from a new perspective, namely the perspective of literary politics.笔者从文学政治的视角来研究中国激进主义的形成。
词根：radicaladj. radical 激进的，彻底的，根本的adv.radically 根本上；彻底地；以激进的方式n. radical 基础；激进分子；[物化] 原子团；[数] 根数vi.radicalize 激进化；成为过激论者vt.radicalize 使…激进；使…偏激近义词：activism n. 激进主义2.dissident a. & n.1) a. in opposition to official policy 持不同政见的e.g. dissident writers 持不同政见的作家2) n. [C] someone who publicly criticizes the government in country where this is punished持不同政见者e.g. 1. a political dissident 一个政见不同的人2. The government has promised to release some dissidents.政府承诺释放几名政见不同的人。
新标准大学英语2 unit1-unit9 单词短语汇总
Phrases
by definition take to be associated with make sense
Active reading 2: Resources
15. 撕碎文件
16. 制造假身份 17. 在谷歌上搜索 18. 个人信息 19. 注销电脑 20. 犯罪记录
16. to create a false identity
17. do a Google search 18. personal information
19. log off
20. criminal record
2.历史性和国际性
3.坏事传千里。
4.重大国际影响
5.全球却颇有反响
6.比…优势大多了
7.设定的方针 8.独特的视点
8. a unique viewpoint
More
Active reading 1: Resources
Useful expressions
9. 未必比…更客观可靠
9.
10. 或多或少隐蔽地影响 10. 公众的权力
1. count on 2. look through
Active reading 1: Resources
1. 冒充飞行员
Useful expressions
1. impersonate a airplane pilot 3. fictional FBI agent 4. white collar crime 5. a career as a fraudster 6. run a consultancy 7. identity theft 8. leave… for pickup 9. anonymous victims 10.change one’s mindset
全新版大学英语第二版unit1笔记
Unit1笔记词汇:bustle忙碌bustling繁忙的elementary telling难望的lobby attach attendant slot vigorous vigorously tender bang猛击harmless phenomenon phenomena initial assist insert somewhat await occasion frown neglect parental incident relevant investigate anecdote趣闻轶事colleague desirable accomplish accomplishment sympathetic sympathetically critical effective efficient principal principle rear creative creativity retrospect artistic intention observer clumsy clumsily facility gentleless mold塑造bold performance tradition continual(有) continuous apply craft reversal颠倒priority departure背离;出发;离开evolve summarize original originality independence contrast harbor fearful comparable promote overstate enormous innovation exaggerate breakthrough valid foster培养worth worthy worthwhile superior语法词组:attach---to---be attached to ---reflect on/upon=think about approach to---the key to---not in the least=not at allfind one’ way 到达,进入,流入make one's way前去；去on occasionon the occasion of---在---之际be relevant to---neglect one’ meals and sleep neglect one’s dutycome over 过来an exception to rules accomplish one’ object/goal accomplish one’ mission完成使命in due coursebe critical to/formake up for---as/so long as 只要succeed in doing---explain-v explanation-non one’ own=by oneselfgood mannersmanner=way=approachin retrospectcome to one’ rescueso much so that---到了这样的程度以至于--- learn from---得知---apply to sb/sth适用于---apply sth to sth把---运用于---apply to do sthapply (to sb) for sthin terms of---evolve into---evolve from/out of---contrast A with/and Bin contrast to---emerge=come out出现emerge from/out of---it emerges that---be superior to/in比---好reliance on=dependence onthrow light onbe worth doing---be worthy to do sthbe worthy of doing---it is worthwhile to do sth句子:The initial talks were the base of the later agreement. the initial letter of a wordHe has long awaited this time.Benjamin was not bothered in the least.His color is not relevant to whether he’s a good lawyer. These facts throw new light on the matter.Road building is a first priority.It later emerges that the driver in the car has been drunk.。
全新版大学英语第二版unit1
neglect: vt. give too little attention or care to neglect one’s meals and sleep 离开时别忘了锁门。 Don’t neglect to lock the door when you leave. CF: neglect, ignore & omit 这几个词都有忽略、遗漏之意。 neglect 指对职责、义务或应做的事没有给予足够的注 意。这种忘记可能是有意的，也可能是无意的。例如： Those who neglect their duties should be punished. 玩忽职守者应受惩罚。 Why do they always neglect the traffic regulation. 他们为什么老是不注意遵守交examine广泛，指对某人或某物 进行检查、查问，带有揭示其差异或缺陷的意思。 更常指官员们的视察以发现下属单位的缺点等，还 指检阅军队。例如：
The firemen were inspecting the warehouse for potential fire hazards. 消防人员正在检查仓库以防火灾。 Every length of cloth is inspected before it leaves the factory. 出厂之前每寸布匹都检查过。
Be patient. You’ll get your promotion in due course.
Your book will be published in due course.
critical: adj. 1. very important
A second income is critical to the family’s well-being. 接下来的两个礼拜对于公司来说是至关重要的。 The next two weeks will be critical for the company.
全新版大学英语第二版unit1textB单词讲解
You are asked to swallow a
搀合
capsule containing vitamin B. adj. 复合的；混合的
你被要求吞下一颗含维生素B ...the big compound eyes of
的胶囊。
dragonflies.
…蜻蜓的大复眼。
defect
allowance
withdrawal
n. 津贴，零用钱；允许；限 n. 撤退，收回；提款；取消；
额
退股
She gets an allowance for I went to the machine to
taking care of Amy.
make the withdrawal and it
Grand Canyon's sandstone the next month. I am
walls
not sure whether you have
dominates the viewfrom the worked
out
your
vantage known as SB Point.
holiday plan.
to open an account.
like to be.
有些银行使开一个账户困难 我们每个人都对自己要做个
重重。
什么样的人有各自的想法。
furthermore
intend
adv. 此外；而且
vt. 打算；想要；意指
Furthermore, they claim that vi. 有打算
scheme
n.缺点，缺陷；不足之处
n. 计划；组合；体制；诡计
新标准大学英语2unit1答案
Unit1Part I Listening ComprehensionSection Al-10 A C C D A B B C D BSection BS1. overS2. constantlyS3. mechanismS4. maintainS5. overallS6. normalS7. increaseS8. this can be influenced by a variety of factors，including how much you weigh and how that weight is distributed.S9.Similarly findings have also been reported at high school level，mainly with female students.S10. The primary cause of this concern is the value that American society is ingeneral a society to physicalappearance.Section A1. W: Have you heard about the planecrash yesterday? It caused ahundred and twenty deaths. I amnever at ease when taking a flight. M: Though we often hear about air crashes and serious casualdeeds,flying is one of the safestways to travel.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?2. W: I have a complaint to make,Sir. Ihad waited ten minutes at thetable before the waiter showedup,and I finally got served. And Ifound it was not what I ordered.M: I am terribly sorry,madam.It's a bit unusually busy tonight. As acompensation, your meal will befree.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?3. M: I can't find my pen. I need to write aletter.W: I'll look for it later. Right now I need you to help fix the shelf before paintit.Q: What would they do first?4. M: Mrs. Winter, I need your advice, Iwant to buy a dress for my wife,can you tell me where I can get oneat a reasonable price?W: Sure, go to Richard's. It has the latest styles and gives a 30%discount to husbands who shopalone.Q: What do we know about Richard's shop?5. M: My headaches are terrible. Maybe Ineed more sleep.W: Actually, you need less sun and some aspirin. It would help if youwear a hat.Q: What does the woman think is the cause of the man's headache?6. M: Did you know this: after almost tenyears in the United States, Li stillspeaks English with such a strongaccent.W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says it isa part of his identity.Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Li?7. W: This is Mrs. Starched,my heater isnot getting any power andweatherman says the temperatureis to fall below zero tonight.Couldyou get someone to come overand fix it?M: This is the busiest time of the year,but I'll speak to one of our men aboutgoing over some time today.Q: Who did Mrs. Starched want to comeover?8. M: Though we didn't win the game, wewere satisfied with ourperformance.W: You did a great job. You almost beat the world's champions. It's a realsurprise to many people.Q:What do we learn from thisconversation?9.W:Sorry I did not come yesterday,because I had a temperature.Could you tell me the requirement formy term paper?M: The theme of your paper can be about business management ortouring resources in China, and thelength of the paper should be noless than fifteen pages.Q: What is the most probable relationship between the twospeakers?10. W: I don't think we should tell Tomabout the surprising party forLucy.M: It's all right. He promised not to tell, and he does not make promiseslikely.Q: What does the man mean?Section BThe human body is a remarkable food processor. As an adult, you may consume(S1) over a ton of food per year and still not gain or lose a pound of body weight. You are (S2)constantly harnessing, and consuming energy through theintricate (S3)mechanism of your body in order to remain in energy balance. To (S4) maintain a given body weight, your energy input must balance your energy output. However, sometimes the (S5)overall energy balance is upset, and your(S6) normal body weight will either fall or (S7)increase . The term body image refers to the mental image we have of our own physical appearance, and (S8) this can be influenced by a variety of factors, including how much you weigh and how that weight is distributed. Research has revealed that about 40 percent of adult men and 55 percent of adult women are dissatisfied with their current body weight. (S9) Similar findings have also been reported at high schoo level, mainly with female students. At the college level, a study found that 85 percent of both male and female first year students desired to change their body weight. (S10)The primary cause of thisconcern is the value that American society is in general a society to physical appearance. Thinness is currently an attribute that females desire highly. Males generally desire muscularity. The vast majority of individuals who want to change their body weight do it for the sake of appearance: most want to lose excess body fat. while a smaller percentage of individuals actually want to gain weight.。
全新版大学英语第二版unit1textB单词讲解
cost you about fifty additional troops to
bucks.
the region.
那可能会花费你大约 美国正在往该地区派
五十美元。
遣额外的部队。
geode
crack
n. 晶洞，异质晶簇； vt. 使破裂； 打开 ；
淋巴腔
变声
A gas main had cracked under my neighbour's garage and gas had seeped into our homes.
adopt
perspective
vt. 采取；接受；收 n. 观点；远景；透视
养；正式通过
图
The group is ...two
different
working to promote perspectives on the
the adoption of nature of adolescent
她照顾艾米是有津贴 的
told me to see someone inside the bank.
我到取款机前取款，
operation
protest
n. 操作；经营；[外 vt. 抗议；断言
科] 算
手术；[数][计]
运
They protesting
were soaring
There are three ski prices.
features - an eight- 他请求离开房间的许 mile bank of 可。 pebbles shelving
abruptly into the sea.
…这个地区最奇怪的
buck
additional
Unit1CollegeCulture-新标准大学英语2教案
Unit1CollegeCulture-新标准⼤学英语2教案New Standard College English Integrated CourseBook IIUnit 1College Culture(Teaching Plan)(6 periods)ObjectivesStudents will be able to:1. To grasp the main idea2. To master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;3. To conduct a serious of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.4. To write a paragraph in the form of an argumentativeActive Reading (1)College Just Isn’t Special Any MoreI. Warm-up Exercises:Work in pairs. Discuss the photoWhat happened then in both China and Western country?What differences do the Chinese and Western universities have?What differences do the Chinese universities have between now and the past?II. Detailed Reading:A.Structure AnalysisPart 1 (paras 1-4) Students in the 1960sPart 2 (paras 5-7) Students nowPart 3 (paras 8-10) College isn’t special any moreB.Vocabulary1.give rise to:to make sth. happen or begin, esp. sth. unpleasant or unexpectedwords & expressions with similar meanings: cause, lead to, result in, contribute to Figure out the meaning of underlined words.1) Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to more violent clashes. 引发（更多暴⼒冲突）2) Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness. 构成2.clashComplete the sentences with appropriate prepositions.1)Yesterday saw violent clashes _between_ police and protesters.2)The prime minister faces a clash _with__ business leaders tomorrow.3)His T-shirt clashes __with__ his shorts.4) A lot of problems have been caused by a clash __of___ cultures.3.establishment n.1) the most important and powerful people in a country or in a section of society2) the process of starting or creating something such as an organizationFigure out the meaning of underlined words.a.The literary establishment generally looks down on artists. ⽂学界权威b.John was eager to establish good relations with the business community. 与。
全新版大学英语综合教程第二版1单词UNIT
UNIT2TEXTAbe lost in / lose oneself in:be absorbed in; be fully occupied with- He was lost in playing computer games so he was unaware of my entering the room.- I had lost myself in thought.- 他忙于这项工作而对周围的一切都很漠然。
(He was lost to the world in this task.)available: adj.1. able to be got, obtained, used, etc.- If you don’t want to buy a kite, you can make your own using directions available in the book.- We have already used up all the available space.- 对不起,这种外套没有你要的颜色和尺码。
(I’m sorry. Those overc oats are not available in your color and size. ) 2. able to be visited or seen; not too busy- 律师现在没空。
(The lawyer is not available now.)or something: used when you are not very sure about what you have just said- The air fare was a hundred and ninety-nine pounds or something.- Here’s some money. Get yourself a sandwich or something.NB:同义的短语：or something like thatgo ahead:continue; begin (sometimes followed by with + n.)- The board of directors will vote today on whether to go ahead with the plan.- Henry will be late but we will go ahead with the meeting anyway.estimate:1. vt. form a judgment about (a quantity or value)- Bill’s personal riches were estimated at $368 million.- I estimate that the total cost for the treatment of the disease will go from $5,000 to $8,000.- 我估计她有35岁。
新标准大学英语综合教程unit1重点词汇及短语
• It wasn't just that +句子，but +句子.
• It wasn't just that I was upset, but I felt as if I was going to burst out crying.
• Student differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university.
• Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any challenges, whereas some other think they don't have to think much about the future, because future is full of uncertainties.
• he said noyhing but to leave. • allot分配 • cooperative society合作社 • stand sb up失约 • providence天意 • sepia乌贼 • put a name to sth/sb叫出、记得某人的名
字
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
compound words
• i've double-and triple-checked it. • budding crypt-kicker • a rear-view mirror • the once-a-year holiday • back-burner stuff • standing at the corner of the Co-op • a sepia-colored relative that no one can put a
新标准大学英语综合教程2Unit 1听力文本
College culture Unit 1Unit 1 College cultureInside viewConversation1Janet ：So this is the Cherwell Boathouse –it’s lovely! And look at those people punting! It looks quite easy. Mark ：I’m not so sure about that! Janet, there’s something Kate and I wanted to discuss with you. Some people in college are organizing charity events this term. We’ve decided to get involved.Janet ：Raising money for charity? Right. In China, people raise mone y for charity but students don’t usually do that.Mark ：Students often do that here. Anyway, we’re thinking of doing sponsored punting.Janet ：Sponsored punting! What’s that?Kate ：Sponsoring is when people pay you to do something –like run a long distance. So people would be sponsoring students to punt.Janet ：What a great idea! I’d love to join you!Mark ：That’s why we’re telling you about it. So that’s decided then. Let’s make a list of things we need to do. Kate ：I’ll do that. One of the first th ings we should do is choose the charity.Mark ：Yes. And choose a day for the event. And we need to design the sponsorship form. I’ve got one here. Kate ：That looks fine, but we must change the wording. Who wants to do that?Mark ：I’ll do that. What have we got so far?Kate ：Choose a charity. Also a day for the event. Change the wording on the sponsorship form…Um … We have to decide where the punt will start from.Mark ：Cherwell Boathouse, no question! It's a very beautiful route from here, apparently.Kate ：I’m with you on that.Janet ：Me too …Outside viewV/O: Harvard University in Cambridge is one of the best universities in the world. We spoke to Alex Jude, the university’s Head of Communications. He explained that Harvard looks for the bes t and most talented students from around the world.Alex: Harvard actually seeks students from around the world, the best students that we can find, to study chemistry, or study literature, or study government, or business. Our business school is particularly well-known around the world, as is the medical school and law school, so, um, and, and the Kennedy School of government, for the John F. Kennedy School of Government, so, er, we do seek very, very talented students and we have open doors for them. V/O: We asked five students at Harvard to tell us what kind of social life they have.Ashley: Um, well relaxing is a little hard to do around here, but basically, I mean, I still, I, I live nearby anyway, so I see a lot of my friends, and … Um, there’s a good social life here if you look for it. I go to the gym, run. So that’s what I do.Adam: It is whatever you want it to be. It’s good. If you wanna go out party, do anything you can. If you wanna sit in your room and study all night like my friend over here, you can also do that.Brian: Socially, like you said, it’s, it’s a lot of what you make it. Um, we don’t have fraternities here, and so, you know, that’s, it’s obviously not as social. There’s not as many parties as there would be on another campus. Um, but on a Friday or Saturday night, there, there, there will be a party. Usually we end up studying until about 10o’clock. And then we, and then we’ll go out and have fun maybe, or just watch a movie with friends, or, you know, whatever is going on for the night.Jodie: Not everyone would agree with me, obviously, but it’s, I think it’s a fun place to be.Interviewer: Have you made a lot of friends?Jodie: Oh, definitely.Int. ：Mm.Jodie: Many.Int. : What, what do you do with your friends?Jodie: Um, well, I like to go to concerts. I’m in three music groups, so I have lots of rehearsals during the week for that. Um, just do, you know, some fun things, on the weekend.V/O: We asked the Harvard students if they use the Internet.Ashley: Um, I, I use it a fairly good amount. Um, our library system is online, so I use that a lot. And a lot of my classes, you know, have to do research papers. You can find a lot of information on there, so.Int.: So how often do you use it, a week, a day?Ashley: Um, I use it probably on more of a weekly basis. Maybe three or four times a week.Brian: Oh yes, definitely. We live through the Internet actually. Well, I do a lot of research through the Internet, follow my stocks on the Internet. Um, well, even though e-mail is not officially Internet, we, that’s how we communicate a lot at college, so, through the e-mail.John: Um, I use the internet mostly for, er, I’d say, sort of leisure purposes. I mean, I play, um, I use it for a lot of, I don’t, we don’t have TV in my room, so I use it, uh, uh, go to the CNN website, keep up on current events, things like that. Uh, I also, uh, you know, there’s some little games to play over the Internet. Um, just um, I go to to see what’s happening, follow the Boston Red Sox, things like that. Um, I think a lot of courses use it to post things, but I, I don’t usually use it that much for research, or things. I tend to use the libraries for such things, so.Listening inPassage1V/O: Hi, I’m Nick Carter, and this is SUR, your university radio station. This morning we went around campus to ask freshers –now half-way through their first year –the question, “How are you finding uni?” Here are some of the answers we got.Speaker 1: It’s cool. It’s everything I hoped it would be. I’m very ambitious, I want to be a journalist and I want to get to the top of the profession. I’ve started writing for the university newspaper so I’ve got my foot on the ladder already.Speaker 2: I’m working hard and the teaching is as good as I expected. And I’ve made some good friends. But I’m very homesick. I’m Nigerian and my family’s so far away. I went home at Christmas for a month –that really helped, but man, I miss my family so much.Speaker 3: “How am I finding uni?” It’s great. It’s not perfect, nothing is, but, like, I’ve got a brilliant social life, just brilliant, and I’ve made lots of friends. For the first few months I just didn’t do, really enough work. But I – I talked about it with my pa rents and I’m working harder now and getting good grades.Speaker 4: Actually, I’ve been quite lonely to be honest. I’m a bit shy … everyone else seemed to find it so easy to make friends straight away. But things have been better recently – yeah, they ha ve. I’ve joined a couple of clubs and like, it really helps to get to know people when you have shared interests. So, yeah –I’m feeling a lot happier now.Speaker 5: Uni’s great, I love it. My only problem –and it’s quite a big problem – is money. My parents are both unemployed so, you know, they can’t help me financially. My grant just isn’t –it’s just not enough for me to liveon, so I’ve taken a part-time job as a waitress –a lot of people I know, like a lot, have had to do the same. I don’t want to have huge debts at the end.Speaker 6: I love my subject, History, and I’m, I’m getting fantastic teaching here. I want to be a university lecturer and that means I have to get a first. I have a good social life but work definitely comes first for me.Passage2Oxford and Cambridge – two universities so similar that they are often spoken of together as“Oxbridge”. They’re both in the UK, fairly near London, and both regularly come top in any ranking of the world’s best universities.The two universities began within a century of each other. Oxford University, now 900 years old, was founded towards the end of the 11th century. In 1209 there was a dispute between the university and the townspeople of Oxford. As a result, some of the Oxford teachers left and founded a university in the town of Cambridge, some 84 miles away. Ever since then, the two institutions have been very competitive.Unlike most modern universities, both Oxford and Cambridge consist of a large number of colleges. Oxford has 39 and Cambridge 31. Many of these colleges have old and very beautiful architecture, and large numbers of tourists visit them.In all UK universities, you need good grades in the national exams taken at 18. But to get into Oxford and Cambridge, it’s not enoug h to get A grades in your exams. You also have to go for a long interview. In these interviews, students need to show that they are creative and capable of original thinking.Through the centuries, both universities have made huge contributions to British cultural life.They have produced great writers, world leaders and politicians. Cambridge, in particular, has produced scientists whose discoveries and inventions have changed our lives.Among the great university institutions is the world’s most famo us debating society, the Oxford Union, where undergraduates get a chance to practise speaking in public. Cambridge’s comedy clubFootlights has produced many first-class comedians, while some of the UK’s most famous actors and actresses began their caree rs at The Oxford University Dramatic Society, known as OUDS. Then there’s the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, which takes place every year in March or April, and is watched on television all over the UK.So with all this excellence in so many fields, it’s not surprising that the ambition of clever students all over the world is to attend either one of these great universities.。
全新版大学英语综合教程2 unit1ways of learning 重点单词总结与整理
Unit1Ways of LearningⅡ.Words and Expressions1.(L.7)attach:vt.fasten or join(one thing to another)*She attached an antenna to the radio.天线(=A tag was attached to each article.)Pattern:attach sth.to sth.be attached to sth.2.(L.21)initial:adj.of or at the beginning;first最初的会谈是后来达成协议的基础。
(=The initial talks were the base of the later agreement.)*the initial letter of a word一个词的首字母3.(L.25)await:vt.wait for*He was anxiously awaiting her reply.他早就期待着这个时刻了。
(=He has long awaited this moment.)4.(L.25)on occasion:now and then*It has,on occasion,created trouble for the bank.你有时使人们感到诧异。
(=You have on occasion surprised people.)CF:on occasion&on the occasion of这两个词组非常相似，但意思不同。
on occasion有时，间或。
on the occasion of在…之际。
*on the occasion of sb.'s wedding5.(L.26)neglect:vt.give too little attention or care to*neglect one's meals and sleep离开时别忘了锁门。
新标准大学英语第二册单词Unit 1
indie 独立公司制作的
liberating令人觉得自由的
awakening 觉醒，意识
prime 首要的
cynic 愤世嫉俗者
apathetic 毫无兴趣的，默然的
heady 令人陶醉的，使人忘乎所
descending 下降的
employability可雇佣，达到雇佣条件
post-industrial 后工业化的
baby boom 美国的生育高峰
overthrow 颠覆，使下台
repressive 残酷的，严苛的
rebel 造反，反抗
chant 反复的喊，反复吟唱
destruction 毁灭，摧毁
petition 请愿书
bracelet 手镯
inspirational 鼓舞人心的
Active reading 1
haze 烟雾
marijuana 大麻
economy 经济
campus 校园
demonstration 示威
radicalism 激进主义
governor 州长
dissident 持不同政见者，持不同政见的
Liberal 主张变革的人
clash 冲突
philosophy 哲学
assert 断言，宣称
collective 集体地，共同地
nostalgic 怀旧的
frustration 挫折，烦恼
chat room 聊天室
resonance 共鸣，反响
era 时代，纪元
technological 技术的，工艺的
profound 根深蒂固的，深刻的
全新版大学英语(第二版) 综合教程1 各单元词汇及惯用语
Words and expressions in each unit各单元生词及习惯用语注：黑正体表示“一般要求”（四级）的词汇；黑正体后加★表示“较高要求”（六级）的词汇；黑正体后加▲表示“更高要求”的词汇；白斜体表示超纲词汇。
Unit 1 Text Aoff and on断断续续地，有时take hold生根，确立associate vt.使联系起来，使联想assignment n.（分配的）工作，任务，作业turn out编写，制作paragraph n.段落agony n.(身心的)极度痛苦assign vt.分配，分派anticipate vt.预期，期望cheerless a.阴郁的，沉闷的tedious a.乏味的，冗长的reputation n.名声，名誉inability n.无能，无力inspire vt.激励，鼓舞formal a.刻板的，拘谨的，正式的，正规的rigid a.一成不变的，严格的out of date过时的excessively ad.过分地excessive a.prim a.古板的，拘谨的，循规蹈矩的，整洁的primly ad.severe a.朴素的，严重的，剧烈的wavy a.波形的，波浪形的necktie n.领带pointed a.有尖的，尖的jaw n.颌，颚comic a.滑稽的，喜剧的，连环漫画（册）antique n.古物，古玩tackle vt.处理，应付informal a.（指讲话，文字）口语体的，非正式的essay n.散文，小品文，论说文distribute vt.分发，分配，分送finally ad.最终，终于face up to勇敢地接受或对付scan v.浏览，粗略地看spaghetti▲ n.意大利式细面条title n.标题，题目，给...加标题，加题目于extraordinary a.不同寻常的，奇特的sequence n.一连串相关的事物，次序，顺序image n.形象，印象，（图）像vivid a.生动的，逼真的adult n.成年人，成年动物recall vt.回想起，回忆起socially ad.social a.社会的，社交的，交谊的respectable★ a.可敬的，体面的，文雅的put down写下recapture vt.再现，再次经历relive vt.再体验，重温violate vt.违背，违反compose vt.创作turn in交（作业）command n.命令，指令discipline n.,v.惩罚，处分，纪律what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者contempt★ n.轻视，轻蔑ridicule n.嘲笑，嘲弄，被戏弄open-hearted a.诚挚的enjoyment n.愉快，欢乐，满意hold back控制（感情，眼泪等）avoid vt.避免demonstration n.表明，证明calling n.职业，使命career n.生涯，事业，职业seal n.印章，图章essence★ n.本质，精髓Unit 1 Text BTradition n. 传统award vt. 授予，给予valedictorian n. 致告别词的毕业生代表maintain vt. 保持，维持look forward to 盼望participate in 参加registration n.登记，注册fee n. 费（如会费等）gym n. 健身房，体育馆compare to相比，比得上falsify vt. 窜改，歪曲plus a.（常置于被修饰词后面）比...略好（或略高）一些的，加，加上tie n.平手，不分胜负drown out（指声音）淹没here and there各处filter v.渗过，渗透resign v.顺从，听任，辞职make it办成，做到，赶上principal n.校长，院长policy n.方针，政策regarding prep.关于，至于dignity n.尊严muster v. 激起，聚集represent vt. 代表，象征expectation n. 期待，预期clasp★ n. 紧抓，紧握significance n. 意义，意思hoe▲vt. 用锄除（草），用锄整（地）spring up迅速生长或出现delicate a.脆弱的，柔软的withdrawn a. 沉默寡言的，不善交际的drag vi.拖着脚步走exception n.例外tremble vi.颤抖，哆嗦yell v.叫喊innocent a.天真无邪的，清白的hug vt. 拥抱pat n. 轻拍Unit 2 Test Acabbie n. a taxi driverbe lost in（lose oneself in）专心致志于windshield n.（汽车的）挡风玻璃cab n. 出租车available a. 可用的，可得到的apologetically ad.道歉的，带有歉意的apologetic a.or something 诸如此类的事go ahead继续，开始know/learn by heart记住，能背出on the road在旅途中estimate vt.估计might/may (just)as well 不妨，（也）无妨not much of a 不太好的keep up 保持correspondence n. 通信（联系），信件practically ad. almostall the way 自始至终，一直neighborhood n. 街坊，四邻kind/sort of有几分，有点儿lose touch（with sb）失去联系guy n. 家伙，伙计a couple of几个，一对，一双tough a.不幸的，困难的，坚固的，坚强的on one’s mind记挂在心头keep in touch（with）（与...）保持联系，保持接触come up (尤指意想不到地)发生，出现shrug v.耸（肩）urge v.力劝，催促postpone vt.推迟，使延期reference n. 提及，谈到，参考，查阅Halloween n.(基督教)万圣节前夕absolutely ad .完全地，极其absolute a.reunion n.（家人，朋友，同事等久别后的）重聚go by（时间）逝去hang out闲荡，徘徊every now and then有时mostly ad.几乎全部，多半，大体awful a.非常的，极大的，可怕的，糟糕的choke v.（使）窒息，堵塞choke up (因激动等)哽得说不出话，堵塞 destination n. 目的地 skip ★ v. 略过，跳过，跳跃 sorrowful a. 伤心的，悲伤的 sorrow n..in the distance 在(相当)远处 unpack v. 打开right away 立刻，马上Unit 2 Test Blet down 使失望，不帮助 burn off 烧掉 peer vi. 仔细看uneasy a. 不安的，担心的 bump vi. 颠簸着前进 get rid of 消灭，除去 stuff n. 东西，原料 tow ★ n. 拖，拉，牵引 soak v. （使）浸透 pitch vi. 颠簸swing v.（使）突然转向burst into 突然（烧，哭等）起来 flame n. 火焰，火舌 spin v.（使）旋转 fling vt. 抛，扔，掷 roar n.,vi.轰鸣（声），吼叫（声） crash v. 撞，撞坏，坠毁 steer v. 驾驶 bare a. 赤裸的 grip n. 紧握explosion n. 爆炸 extent n. 程度，范围 injury n. 伤害，损伤 worse still 更糟糕的是in bad/good shape 身体状况差（好） despair n. 绝望 hang on 坚持permanently ad. 永久地，固定地 principle n. 信条，原则，原理 draw on 利用，动用，靠character n. 品德，品质，性格 lean vi. 倚，靠exclaim v. 惊叫，呼喊 grab vt. 一把抓住 slide vi. （使）滑动ease vt. 减轻（痛苦，负担等） grin ★ vi.,n. 咧嘴笑medal n. 奖章，奖牌，勋章 courageous ★ a. 勇敢的，无畏的 rescue n.,vt. 援救，营救highlight n. 最重要的事件，最精彩的部分Unit 3 Test Alikely a.可能的, ad.可能 privileged ★ a. 有特权的 privilege n. 特权 minority n. 少数do without 没有...而设法对付过去 highly ad. 很，非常risky a. 危险的，有风险的 nasty a. 令人难受的brutish a. 野兽般的，野蛮的 anyway ad. 不管怎么说put/turn the clock back 倒退，开倒车 cut off 切断，中断，切下，剪下 competition n. 竞争，比赛 bring about 引起，导致 moreover ad. 而且，再者inquiring a. 好问的，爱探索的 inquire n. 询问global a. 世界的，全球的 suppress ★ vt. 抑制，压制 initiative n. 首创精神，主动inventiveness n. 发明才能，创造力 slow down 减慢 rate n. 速度，比率 ensure vt. 保证，确保 democratic a. 民主的informed a.有知识的，了解情况的，明智的 inform vt. 告诉，通知 at the moment 此刻，目前in two minds犹豫不决，三心二意steady a.平稳的，稳定的evident n. 明显的cartoon n. 漫画，动画片element n. 成分，元素astronomy★ n. 天文学series n. 连续，系列，系列节目fiction n. 小说，虚构harness vt.驾驭，利用background n. 背景acid a.,n. 酸（性的），酸味的（物质）greenhouse n. 温室nuclear a. 原子核的，核心的weapon n. 武器genetic a. 基因的，遗传（学）的engineering n. 工程，工程学basis n. 基础lie in在于rote n. 死记硬背learn by rote 死记硬背地学习relevance n. 相关，关联in terms of从...方面（或角度）来说，按照，根据equation n. 等式，方程（式）brief a.简洁的，短暂的mathematical a.数学的halve vt. 将...减半tend vi.倾向，趋向in the form of呈...的形状，以...形式precise a.精确的qualitative★ a.定性的，性质上的grasp n. 掌握，了解concept n. 概念sufficient a.充分的，足够的convey vt.传达，表达diagram n. 图表，图解framework n. 框架，结构molecular a. 分子的transistor★n. 晶体管，晶体管收音机put across 解释清楚，使被理解proportion n. 比例，部分truly ad.真正地，确实地magic n. 魔术，魔力fit into 适合，符合，属于producer n.（电影，电视片等的）制片人，生产者，制造人responsibility n. 责任educate vt.教育entertain vt. 给...以欢乐，招待hence ad. 因此，从此contact vt. 与...接触alien★ a.外国的，陌生的civilization n. 文明Unit 3 Test Bdeadline n. 最后期限headline n. （报纸上新闻报导等的）标题immediately ad.直接地，贴近地victim n.受害者，罹难者frustrate vt.使沮丧，使灰心yield vt.泄露，产生step by step逐步地，稳定地outcome n.结果result in导致，结果是gradual a.逐渐的，渐变的process n.过程conclusion n. 结论propose vt.提出，建议random★ a.任意的，随机的compare with 与...比较evaluate vt.评估，评价characterize vt.成为...的特征bulk n.大部分，（巨大的）体积submit vt.提交，呈递publish vt.发表，出版professional a.专业的，职业的press release n. (通讯社或政府机构等发布的）新闻稿challenge n.,vt. 挑战amount n. 数量，总数wear down(使）变小，变少，变弱organic a. 有机（体）的，只施用有机肥料trumpet vt. 大肆宣扬reverse n. 挫折，逆境somehow ad.以某种方式Unit 4 Test ADriveway ★ n. 宅旁私家车道 mow ▲ v. 修剪（草坪），刈（草） lawn n. 草地，草坪comprehend ▲ vt. 理解,了解,领会 turn away 拒绝帮忙，不让...进入weed v. 除去...的杂草，除草，杂草，野草 assume vt. 假设，以为compliment ★ vt. 赞扬，赞美的言辞或行为 work out 制定出，解决，算出 weekly a. 每周的，一周一次的 clean up 打扫，清除 do with 对待，处理determination n. 决心，决定personnel n. 人事部门，全体人员，全体职员apprentice ▲ n. 学徒 capacity n. 能力，才能blueprint ★ n. 蓝图micrometer n. 测微计，千分尺 precision n. 精密，精确（性） turn down 拒绝skilled a. 熟练的，有技巧的，技术性的 grinde r n. 磨工grind vt. 磨，磨碎，碾碎instrument n. 工具，器械，仪器 for sale 待售wreck n. 残破物，（尤指失事船只，飞机等的）残骸 call on 拜访banker n. 银行家，银行高级职员 loan vt. 借，贷，贷款character n.（人的）品德，品质，性格 damn a.,n .丝毫reluctantly ad. 勉强地 reluctant a.mortgage ★ n. 抵押借款，按揭 down payment 定金，（分期付款的）初付款额discard vt. 抛弃odds and ends 零星杂物，琐碎物品 screen n. 纱门，纱窗，屏，荧屏 hardware n. 五金器具，（计算机的）硬件spot n. 地点，斑点confidence n. 信心amaze vt. 使惊愕，使诧异 amazement n. 惊愕，诧异 diet n. 日常饮食send for 派人去叫，召唤，派人去取 hunt v. 寻找，打猎，猎取 abandon vt. 抛弃，放弃property n.（房）地产，财产 shed v. 小屋，棚sometime ad. 某个时候sponsor vt. 为...做保证人，主办，发起，保证人，主办人，发起人amuse vt. 逗乐，给...提供娱乐 approach v. 接近millionaire n. 百万富翁 pass away 去世check on 检查，调查，察看 handle vt. 管理，处理，操纵 livable a. 适于居住的homey a. 舒适的，像家一样的 stature ▲ n. 身材，身高，境界 industrialist n. 工业家，实业家 route n. 路线，路程principle n. 信条，原则，原理 vision n. 远见，视觉，视力 optimism ★ n.. 乐观，乐观主义 above all 最重要的是 integrity ▲ n. 正直，完整rung n. （梯子的）横档，梯级 basement n. 地下室giant a. 巨大的，n. 巨人 balance n. 平衡，余额 balance sheet 资产负债表 decimal ★ n. 小数Unit 4 Test Billegal a. 不合法的，违法的immigrant n. （外来）移民，移民的，移入的taco stand 卖玉米面卷的摊子keep up with schoolconnection n.连接，联系，（可资利用的）熟人，关系put up with忍受，容忍in search of寻找head for向...行进supervise vt. 监督，指导land vt. 赢得，得到temporary a.暂时的，临时的response n.回答，反应risk v.冒...的危险，（使）遭受危险，危险，风险acquire vt.（靠自己的能力，努力等）取得，获得，学到make（both）ends meet 勉强维持生计，使收支相抵associate’s degree 准学士学位environment n.环境，周围状况on the side 作为兼职stand a chance of 有...的希望，有...的可能prospect n.前景，预期，展望reserve vt.保留，储备，预订rare a.稀有的，罕见的，不寻常的look right through himformer a.以前的，早先的，旧时的quit v.停止，放弃deserve vt.应受，应得，值得impress vt.给...深刻的印象，使钦佩show up来到，露面flip★vt.转动，使翻转humanistic★a.人道主义的，人本主义的Unit 5 Test AObituary n. 讣告die of死于coronary a. 冠状动脉的thrombosis n. 血栓（形成）acquaintance n.相识的人，（略微的)了解instantly ad.立刻，马上instant a.workaholic a. 工作狂classic n.典范，典型，典型的day off 休息日conceivably ad. 可想到的，可想象的retire vi.退休executive n.（企业等中的）行政领导，管理人员extracurricular a. 课外的monthly a.每月的，每月一次的golf n.高尔夫球运动salad n.色拉，凉拌蔬菜overweight a. 肥胖的，超重的，过重的survivor n.遗留的家属，幸存者，生还者survive v.比...活得长，经历...后幸存marketable a. 适合市场需求的，可出售的mother v. 抚育（孩子）give up 放弃compete vi.竞争，对抗compete against/with 与...竞争，与...对抗care for 照看，照顾dearly ad. 非常地beloved a.深爱的，亲爱的eldest a. 第一个出生的，年龄最大的manufacturer vt.（尤指用机器）大量制造funeral n.葬礼embarrass vt.使尴尬，使局促不安newly ad. 新近地married a.结婚的，已婚的odd a.临时的，不固定的grass n. 大麻grab at 抓住，夺得favorite n.特别受喜爱的人（或物），a.最喜欢的stay up 醒着，不去睡board v. 为...提供膳宿，搭伙，寄宿widow n.寡妇deceased a.死的the deceased n. 已死的人replace vt.代替，取代look sb. in the eye 直视某人bitter a.愤怒的，委屈的，怨恨的straighten out 解决finance n.财政，金融，财源，财力stock n.股票，证券，公债option n.期权，选择stock option n. 股票期权，优价认股权 and all that 诸如此类的 heart-attack n. 心脏病发作 natural n. .非常适合的人 pick out 辨认出，分辨出lineup n. （为接受检查等而排列的）一行人，一排人discreet ★ a. 谨慎的，（言行）审慎的 inquiry n. 打听，询问replacement n. 接替者，替代物 ask around 四处打听Unit 5 Test Bpop up 出现，发生enthusiastic ★ a. 极感兴趣的，热心的 among others （除列举到的之外）还有许多distract vt. 使分心relationship n. 关系，关联，亲属关系 socialize ★ vi. 交往，交际 delegate v. 授（权），把...委托给下级 input n. 投入（物），输入 typically ad.通常，典型地 disarray n. 混乱，紊乱intimacy n. 亲昵关系，亲密 divorce n. 离婚 focus on 集中depression n. 忧愁，沮丧 link n. 连接，联系concern n. 担心，忧虑，关心的事 extreme a. 极度的 in short 总之，简言之well-being ★ n. 康乐，安乐solution n. 解决，解决方法，解答 addition n. 瘾，沉溺 survey n. 调查priority n. 优先考虑的事 relax v. 松弛，放松 detail n. 细节oriented ★ n. 以...为方向的，重视...的 schedule vt. 将...列为计划表overall a. 包括一切的，总的 fulfilling a. 令人心满意足的 reliable a. 可信赖的，可靠的 diversion ★ n. 转向，转移 productive a. 多产的on one’s own 独自地，独立地 staff n. 全体雇员 let go 松开，释放Unit 6 Test AValentine n. 情人make one’s way 走去 grand a. 宏伟的，壮丽的absorb vt. 完全吸收住...的注意，吸收 margin n. 页边空白 reflect vt. 反映，显示thoughtful a. 深思的，体贴的 insightful a. 具有洞察力的 insight n. 洞察力previous a. 早先的，先前的locate vt. 找到...的位置，使坐落于 correspond vi. 通信ship vt. （尤指用船）运送overseas ad.,a.去（在）国外（的），去（在）海外（的）fertile a. 肥沃的，富饶的romance ★ n. 爱情故事，风流韵事bud v.发芽，萌芽，n.（枝叶的）芽，花蕾 haunt ★ vt. 使担忧，使苦恼，（鬼魂）常出没于take a chance (on sth) 碰运气，冒险 disgust vt. 使厌烦，使反感whichever pron. 无论哪个或哪些 lapel n. （西服上衣的）翻领sustain vt. 支持，使（努力等）持续下去，保持unfailing ad. 永恒的，无穷的 slim a. 苗条的，细小的，微小的 curl n. 鬈发chin n. 下巴，颏provocative ★ a. 挑逗的，挑衅的curve v.（使）弯曲go sb’s way 与某人同路murmur★v.轻声说，咕哝more than a little 很，非常ankle n.踝，踝节部thrust v.挤入，插入，猛推heel n.（鞋，袜等的）后跟，脚后跟，踵split v. （使）裂开，破裂keen a.强烈的，热切的longing n. 渴望companion vt. 陪伴uphold★vt. 支持，维护sensible a.通情达理的，理智的kindly a. 亲切的，和蔼的，仁慈的glow n.光亮，光辉hesitate vi.踌躇，犹豫grip v.握紧，紧握leather n.（动物的）皮，皮革identify vt.识别grateful a.感激的be grateful to(sb.)for(sth.)为某事感激某人square vt. 挺直（肩膀）salute★v.（向...)行举手礼lieutenant★n.海军上尉，陆军中尉broaden v.（使）变宽，（使）扩大wisdom n.智慧，明智in response to作为对...的回应Unit 6 Test Bcome across 偶然遇见，碰上make out 辨认出hope for 希望，期待clue n.线索identify n.身份other than 除了nursing home （尤指接纳老年人的）私人疗养院exchange vt.交换，互换match up to 与...一样好，比得上lead n.线索for sure 毫无疑问security n.治安保卫，安全，安全感goodness int.天哪relief n.轻松，宽慰be in love with (sb)热恋着（某人）come to an end 结束adjust vt.校准，调准catch up on (sth.)事后了解关于...的情况，弥补（耽搁下来的工作等）knot n.（绳等的）结tie the knot结婚erect a.挺直的，直立的Unit 7 Test Aextensively ad. 广泛地，大量地extensive a.intelligence n.智力intelligent a.聪明的，有才智的controversy n.争论，争议surround vt.围绕，包围consciousness n. 意识explore vt.探究，探索obvious a.明显的vet a. 兽医keeper a. （动物园的）饲养员encounter vt.遇到，遭遇reveal vt.展示，揭露convince vt. 使确信，使信服feat★n. 技艺，业绩，功绩captivity n. 被俘，监禁，束缚dominant a.统治的，占优势的species n.物种planet n.行星make a deal 达成交易conservationist n. 自然资源保护论者gorilla▲n.大猩猩suspicious★ a.可疑的，猜疑的peanut★n.花生only to 结果却，不料blank a.有表情的，空白的negotiate vi.谈判，协商stake n.奖品，奖金，赌注pineapple▲n.凤梨，菠萝relieve vt.使减轻痛苦或焦虑等，减轻（痛苦或焦虑等）orangutan n.猩猩undertake vt.从事，承担（任务等）anthropologist▲n.人类学者figure out 理解，推断出extend v.延伸，伸展，扩大，加长dealing n. 交易，买卖chip n.薄片，碎片，集成电路片expand v.扩大，扩展switch v.转换，变换foil★n.金属薄片，箔virtuous★a.有道德的，善良的promptly ad. 立即地prompt a.stem n.茎，（树）干，（叶）梗whale n.鲸cooperate vi.合作，协作behaviorist n. 行为主义者in sb’s interest(s) 为了某人的利益go far 帮助很大，很有成效consultant n.顾问behavior n.举止，行为assess vt.评估，估量judgment n.判断，意见，看法mate n.配偶，伙伴，同事thrive vi.茁壮成长，兴旺at first 起先stretcher n. 担架emergency n.紧急情况，突然事件go wrong 有毛病的，出故障halt v.停住，停止throw up 呕吐apparently ad. 明显地apparent a.size up 估量，判断release vt.释放slide v.（使）滑动primate n. 灵长目动物evidence n.证据，迹象deceive v.欺骗inaccessible a. 达不到的，难得到的original a.最初的，原始的colony n.（生长在同一地方的动物或植物）群，群体，殖民地gaze凝视，注视give in 让步，屈服，投降underneath prep.,ad. 在（...）下面，在（...）底下pea-brained a. 笨的turtle▲n.（海）龟survival n.生存，幸存disaster灾难wipe out 消灭，消除dinosaur▲n.恐龙horizon n.眼界，见识，地平线Unit 7 Test Bvalue v. consider as importantcautious a.谨慎的display vt.流露，显示，展示adequate vt.充分的，足够的accompany vt.陪伴，陪同exhibit vt.展示nest n.巢，窝vacant a.无表情的，空着的not have the heart（to do sth) 不愿，不忍心（做某事）status n.地位，身份flock n.（鸟，兽等）一群pull oneself together 振作起来at first sight乍一看，一见之下instinct n.本能，生性purchase vt.买，购买nevertheless ad.然而，虽然如此twist v.转动，（使）扭曲，扭伤pair off （使）成对，成双decline v.谢绝take to 喜欢上reproduce v.生殖，繁育advanced age old agemagnificent a.宏大的，壮观的，出色的shed light on 阐明tolerance n.容忍，宽容，忍耐heap（sth.）on（sb.）大量地给予（某人）（某物）marital a.婚姻的，夫妻的field biologist 野外生物学家coyote n. （北美草原的）郊狼indicate vt.表明observe v.观察，注意lick vt.舔tell of 讲述otter n.獭，水獭get around 各处走动make a habit of 形成...的习惯alarm vt.使惊慌，使恐慌by any chance 或许，可能in the world 竟然，到底，究竟reject vt.拒绝接受Unit 8 Test AFable n.寓言teenager n.青少年run out of 用完，耗尽file n.档案，卷宗folder n. 文件夹drugstore n. （兼营杂货的）药房handful n.一把，少量modestly ad. 不太多，不太大，适中modest a.upset vt.使苦恼，使心烦意乱ignorant a.无知的，不知道的ignorance n.无知，愚昧senior n.（大学或中学）毕业班的学生private a.私人的，私有的slice n.部分，（薄薄的）一片calculation★n.计算nonexistent a. 不存在的chill v.（使）变冷，（使）不寒而栗indifference n. 漠不关心sum vt.总结，概述，合计sum up总结，概括financial a.财政的，金融的accumulate v.积累，积聚ancestor v.祖先，祖宗intellectual v.智力的affect vt.影响industrial a. 工业的function vi.运作，起作用，作用，功能idle a.懒散的，空闲的jam vi.发生故障，卡住，堵塞break down 停止运转，失败，垮了drive（sth.）home(to sb.) 使清楚无误地理解humble a.谦卑的，卑微的dramatize vt. 将...改编为剧本，将...戏剧化headphone n.头戴式受话器，耳机portable a.便携（式）的，手提（式）的peasant n.农民，雇农county n.（英国的）郡，（美国的）县hut n.小屋，棚屋search for 寻找poverty n.贫穷，贫困leisure n. 空闲，闲暇luxury n. 奢侈品，奢华，奢侈mill n. 工厂，制造厂subway n. 地铁better off 更富有，更舒服foe★n.敌人scare v.（使）惊慌，（使）恐惧foxhole n. 散兵坑（小型掩体）wake up 醒了porter n.（旅馆，火车站等的）搬行李工人，搬运工人complex a.复杂的manual a.体力的，手工做的slum★n.贫民窟plumbing n. （水，煤气等）管道设施privacy★n.（不受干扰的）独处，隐私，隐秘trash n.垃圾，废物befriend vt. 帮助，以朋友态度对待swear vt.发誓，宣誓make a living by 靠...维持生计miracle n. 奇迹faculty n. 官能contemptible a. 令人鄙视的，可轻蔑的coward n.懦夫11全新版大学英语（第二版） 综合教程1 各单元词汇及习惯用语Unit 8 Test BDitch vt. 抛弃，丢弃Multiplication n. 乘法，倍增off-limits a. 禁止使用的access n.接近，进入，享用seminar n. 研讨会benefit n. 好处，利益，vt.有益于device n. 装置，设备call for 要求discourage vt.使灰心，使泄气in the first place 首先proceed vi.继续进行competent a.有能力的，能胜任的essential a.必要的，最重要的adolescent★ n. 青少年concentrate on集中（注意力，精力等）于solve vt.解决（问题，困难等）appropriate a.适当的，得体的cut down 减少reflect on 思考，沉思effective a.有效的confuse vt.使困惑what if 如果...怎么样communicate vi.交流，交际strategy n. 策略，战略at hand 在手边，临近bat vt.眨（眼睛）claim vt.声称，断言commonplace★a.普通的，平凡的section n.（事物的）一部分circumference n. 圆周factor vt.将...分解因子，因素quadratic a. 二次的sole a.唯一的contribute v.作出贡献，贡献出ultimate a.最终的，根本的。
大学英语第二版UNIT1-NUIT7词汇
UNIT1 Atediousa. 冗长乏味的obligevt. 迫使；使负有义务absorbeda. 极感兴趣的；全神贯注的；专注的allergica. 1 不喜欢某事；对某事反感；2 过敏的excursionn. 短途出行；远足earnesta. 非常认真的；郑重其事的exclaimv. （由于惊奇、气愤或激动）呼喊，惊叫whoainterj. 哎呀，哇（表示惊讶或认为某事物令人赞叹）civilizationn. 文明（社会）architecturen. 1 建筑风格；建筑式样；2 建筑学capturevt. 1 （用文字或图片）记录下，描述，捕捉；2 俘虏；逮捕condensevt. 将（讲话或文章）压缩condenseda. 压缩的exceedvt. 超过；超出distressn. 忧虑；苦恼；悲伤distinguishv. 区分；辨别distinctivea. 与众不同的；特殊的；特别的complimentarya. 1 免费赠送的；2 赞美的；钦佩的complementarya. 互为补充的；互补的bulkn. （某物的）大部分，多半criticismn. 批评；批判；指责deficitn. 1 （素质、技能或能力的）缺乏，不足；2 赤字；亏损；逆差dumba. 愚蠢的groceryn. 1 超级市场；2 食品杂货stationarya. 不（移）动的；静止的stationeryn. 文具padn. 1 便笺本；拍纸簿；2 垫；衬垫；护垫albumn. （收存照片、邮票等的）簿，册proclaimvt. 宣称；宣布；声明scandaln. 1 （尤指当局本应改变的）令人震惊的事，引起愤慨的事；2 （尤指牵涉知名人士的）丑闻，丑事thrustv. 猛推；猛塞proficiencyn. 熟练；精通moreoverad. 而且；再者；此外evidentlyad. 明显地；显然exposuren. 1 接触；体验；2 暴露adequatea. 足够的；充分的；合乎需要的adequatelyad. 足够地；充分地competenta. 合格的；能干的jerkn. 猛的一动；猝然一动jerkya. （在行进中）不平稳的，颠簸的functionn. （事物的）功能，作用；（某人的）职责vi. 正常工作；正常运转spann. （两个日期或事件之间的）时距，期间scratchn. 1 从零开始；从头开始；白手起家；2 （物件或皮肤上的）刮痕，划痕tunevt. 1 调整，调节（发动机）使达到最佳状态；2 为（乐器）调音，定弦adjustv. 调整；调节vi. 适应destinationn. 目的地；终点precisea. 精确的；准确的beneficiala. 有利的；有帮助的；有用的assetn. 1 有利条件；长处；2 资产；财产soura. 酸的subjunctivea. （语法中的）虚拟语气的 n. （语法中的）虚拟语气be / feel obliged to do sth.（因形势、法律、义务等关系而）非做不可，迫使get/be serious about对…是认真的；并非开玩笑的run into sb.偶然遇见某人fresh from刚从…来的；刚有…经历的distinguish between区分；辨别nail sth. down1 钉；将某物钉牢2 最终确定；对某事作出定论thrust sth. upon sb.迫使某人做某事；迫使某人接受某事get / feel / be lost迷惘；困惑；不知所措become / be attracted to sth.对某事/物产生兴趣out of curiosity出于好奇look upon sb./sth. as把某人/某物看作be equipped with sth.以…为装备；配备…swell with pride / anger, etc.洋洋得意/怒气冲冲等UNIT 2 Aaccountingn. 会计；会计学calculatevt. 1 估计；预测；推测；2 计算；核算boostvt. 促进；推动；使兴旺prospectn. 可能的事情；很可能发生的事情；前景defectvi. 背叛；叛逃n. 缺点；欠缺；不足之处applieda. （学科）应用的，实用的bet (bet, bet)vt. 肯定persistvi. 1 继续存在；持续；2 坚持；执意acceleratev. （使）加快；促进successionn. 一连串，一系列（同类型的人或物）liberala. 1 文科；2 心胸宽广的；开明的logicala. 合乎逻辑的；合理的bounda. 一定的；几乎肯定的dominanta. 有优势的；占统治地位的pillarn. 1 （信仰或思想）非常重要的部分；2 柱子；支柱vivida. 清晰的；生动的compelvt. 强迫；迫使compellinga. 有强烈吸引力的；引人入胜的promotevt. 支持；鼓励；提倡speculatev. 思索；沉思；推测；猜测mysteryn. 不可思议的事物；无法解释的事物；谜destructionn. 毁灭；摧毁；破坏self-destructionn. 自残；自毁unconsciousa. 潜意识的；下意识的；无意识的destructivea. 破坏性的；毁灭性的architectn. 建筑师philosophern. 哲学家；哲人landscapen. 1 风景照；风景画；2 （陆上的）风景，景致，景色fertilea. 1 富有成果的；富有想象力的；2 （土地）肥沃的，富饶的eleganta. 1 （想法或计划）巧妙的，简洁的；2 优美的；高雅的analysisn. 分析spectaculara. 引人入胜的；非常壮观的brandn. 品牌；商标investv. 投资insightn. 1 洞察力；领悟力；2 顿悟；洞悉；见解therebyad. 因此；从而；借此scopen. （活动、机构或学术）范围undertakevt. 承担；着手做candidaten. 候选人breakthroughn. 突破；重大发现；重大成就barriern. 障碍liablea. 可能（易于）做某事的establishmentn. 建立；创立；设立deann. 院长；系主任；教务长solea. 唯一的；仅有的solelyad. 只；唯一地；仅仅reservoirn. 1 积蓄；储备；2 （人造的）水库；（天然）蓄水湖outstandinga. 杰出的；出众的；显著的major in主修（某一）科目in succession连续发生地；接连发生地stand up for支持；保卫；维护speculate about / on猜测；推测capture one’s imagination引起某人的想象；吸引某人的注意in the form of以…形式；以…方式a / the body of sth.大量的某物invest sb. / sth. with sth.赋予（某人或某物）以（某种性质）in a ... manner以…方式；以…方法in favor of支持；赞同prepare ... for ...使…做好准备（应对未来）in the company of和某人在一起UNIT 3 Aodysseyn. 1 对人生有教益的一连串经历；艰难历程；2 漫长的历险旅程phasen. 阶段；时期labelvt. 贴标签于；用标签标明parallelvt. 1 与…相当或相似；2 与…平行adolescencen. 青春期peculiara. 1 为某人 / 某地 / 某事物所特有的；2 奇怪的；异常的acquaintvt. 介绍；使认识；使了解previousa. 以前的；先前的inductionn. 就职；入门；就职仪式sensiblea. 合理的；切合实际的；明智的equivalenta. 等值的；同等的；相当的n. 等价物；等同物；对应物so-calleda. 如此称呼的；号称的radicala. 1 （改变或方式）彻底的，根本的；2 激进的；前卫的agendan. 日常工作事项quitv. 离开（工作岗位、学校等）；离任；离校shiftv. （使）移动；（使）转移（地点或位置） n. （想法、做法等的）改变priora. 先前的；之前的；事先的framevt. （小心措辞以）表达n. 框架；边框spousen. 配偶stabilityn. 稳固；稳定statica. 不动的；不变化的；不发展的；静（止）的proportionn. 部分；份额saddlev. 给（马）装鞍具；装上马鞍n. 马鞍；（自行车、摩托车等的）车座heirn. 继承人rebeln. 造反者；反叛者vi. 造反；反抗（权威或常规）rebelliousa. 叛逆的；反叛的；反抗的resentvt. 对…感到愤恨（不满）fluida. 不固定的；易变的n. 液（体）resortvi. 采取，诉诸（不好的事物）n. 度假胜地distractvt. 分散，转移（注意力）allowancen. 1 体谅；原谅；2 定期补贴；津贴transitionn. 过渡；转变；变迁predictvt. 预言；预料；预测guidelinen. 指导方针；指导原则versionn. 1 版本；改编形式；2 （根据个人的观点对事件的）描述，说法statusn. 社会地位（尤指与其他人相比）stablea. 稳定的；不变的boomvi. （国家、地区或行业）繁荣，迅速发展apartad. （空间、时间方面）成距离，相间隔a. 分离的；分隔的implicitva. 暗含其中的；不明言的consideringprep. & conj. 考虑到；鉴于contemporarya. 当代的witnessvt. 1 是发生（某事件）的时间或地点；2 目击，亲眼看见（尤指罪行或事故发生）deceivevt. 欺骗outsetn. 从开头时；从一开始résumén. 个人简历up-to-datea. 包含最新信息的reinforcevt. 加强，强化（观点、思想或感觉）acquaint oneself with sth.使自己了解某事；使自己知悉某事prior to sth.在某事之前；先于某事base upon / on以…为基础；以…为根据saddle sb. with sth.使某人承担苦差事；使某人负重担keep a distance from保持距离run away from（尤指）秘密地逃跑，出逃get away from摆脱（困难或不愉快的事，或某种限制）distract sb. from sth.分散（某人的）注意力；使（某人）分心give way to被…取代apart from除…之外；此外have an effect on对…产生作用deceive sb. into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事back off放弃；退出wonder at对…感到惊讶UNIT 4 Aclassica. 经典的romancen. 1 爱情故事；2 爱情；恋爱cutea. 漂亮的；可爱的gazevi. （常指无意识地）凝视，盯着看weirda. 古怪的；奇异的cautiousa. 小心的；谨慎的；慎重的dynamica. 1 精力充沛的；有创新思想的；志在成功的；2 不断移动的；不断变化的charmvt. 迷住；吸引n. 魅力；魔力；吸引力；可爱之处temptvt. 怂恿；利诱temptinga. 诱人的；吸引人的reputationn. 名誉；名望superiora. 更好的；更强的；更有效的semestern. （尤指美国中学和大学的）一学期，半学年stalea. 1 不再有趣的；没有新意的；乏味的；2 不新鲜的componentn. 机器、系统等的零件；成分；组成部分ambitiousa. 有抱负的；有雄心大志的；野心勃勃的sexuala. 性的；与性（生活）有关的superba. 极好的；出色的；卓越的immune a. 1 不受影响的；2 免疫的；有免疫力的consequentlyad. 结果；因此；所以disgustn. 厌恶；气愤；反感proceedvi. 1 继续进行；继续做；2 （向某一方向）前进，移动lodgevt. 正式提出（投诉、要求等）v.（通过付住宿费）借住；（为某人）提供住宿behalfn. 代表某人approvevt. 批准；认可vi. 赞许；赞成；同意grantvt. 给予；准予n. （尤指政府发给的）补助金，拨款coordinatevt. 调节；协调coren. 最重要（或最基本）的部分；核心deservevt. 1 应得，应受到（奖赏或惩罚）；2 （建议、观点或计划）值得考虑、注意等libertyn. 1 擅自的行为；冒犯的举动；放肆的行为；2 自由；自由权displayvt. 显示，显露（某种情感、态度或特质）n. 展览；陈列；展示disapprovevi. 不赞同；反对palmn. 棕榈树weavev. 1 编造（故事等）；2 织；编织blurn. 模糊的记忆；记不清的事情v. （使）模糊；（使）看不清kneelvi. 跪着；跪下proposev. （尤指正式向某人）求婚vt. 提议；建议confessv. 承认（使自己尴尬的事情）knotn. 1 （线、绳、布等打成的) 结；2 （恐惧、愤怒等导致的）紧张（感）pessimistica. 悲观的；悲观主义的faithfula. （对某人、信念、政党等）忠诚的，忠实的honeymoonn. 蜜月commencev. 开始；着手bloomvi. 开花；（花）盛开head for（朝…）前进；（向…）去gaze at（常指无意识地）凝视，盯着看stare at凝视；盯着看by accident偶然；意外地pretend to do sth.假装…；装作…come over sb.（某种感情）突然攫住，突然影响immune to不受…影响的；对…有免疫力的go along with sb. / sth.同意；支持expel sb. from sth.（从学校或组织中正式）开除proceed to sth.进而做（参加）某事（活动）take the liberty of doing sth.擅自做某事take sb. by surprise出乎某人意料propose marriage求婚be filled with充满；装满tie the knot结婚be pessimistic about对…持悲观看法（意见）UNIT 5 Amanipulatevt. 操纵，控制（某人的思想和行为）defyvt. 1 违反；2 违抗；不服从contradictv. 与…抵触；与…矛盾；违背recessionn. （经济）衰退，萧条gravea. 严重的；重大的；严峻的n. 坟墓；墓穴nastya. 不友善的；不好的；恶毒的tonen. （说话的）语气，口气，腔调resumev. （中断之后）继续，重新开始depictionn. 描写；描述；描绘gapn. 1 差距；差额；差别；2 缺口；开口；裂缝paradoxn. 自相矛盾（的情况）oddsn. （与某物）不一致，相矛盾perspectiven. （思考问题的）角度，观点，想法uprighta. 1 正直的；诚实的；2 垂直的；笔直的urgevt. 极力劝告；敦促；催促suspendvt. 1 暂停；中止；2 （尤指因违规）使…暂时停学（停职）appetiten. 1 欲望；爱好；2 胃口；食欲disguisevt. 装扮；假扮invadev. 1 （尤指不受欢迎地）大量涌入，蜂拥而至；2 武力入侵；侵略；侵占utmostn. 极度；极限；最大可能cerealn. （通常与牛奶一起吃、作为早餐的）谷类食品cruisen. 乘船度假shortagen. 短缺；不足；缺乏cementvt. 加强，巩固（关系、看法等）n. 水泥derivevt. （从某物中）得到，获得v. 源自；源于nourishvt. 滋养；给…营养compacta. 小而紧凑的explicita. 清楚明确的；直截了当的echovt. 附和（别人的观点）vi. （声音）回响；发出回声stock n. 1 储备；储备物；2 股份scatterv. 撒scattereda. 散布的；分散的retainvt. 保留；保有；继续拥有well-beingn. 舒适，健康，幸福ingredientn. 1 （完成某事的）要素，因素；2 （烹调用的）成分，原料hindervt. 阻碍；妨碍；阻止consultv. 咨询；请教inputn. 1 （想法、建议或信息的）投入，输入；2 （输入计算机的）信息，数据输入optionn. 选择；可选择的东西administrationn. 1 经营过程；管理过程；2 （某一时期的）政府egon. 自我；自我意识urgenta. 紧急的；急迫的；需迅速处理的urgentlyad. 紧急地；急迫地tacklevt. 处理，对付（难题）legala. 1 法律的；与法律有关的；2 法律允许的；合法的；法律规定的choppya. 波浪起伏的；波浪滔滔的refer to提到；谈到do one's utmost竭尽全力（做某事）no shortage of不缺少；不缺乏derive sth. from sth.得到，获得（优势或愉快的感受）put off推迟某事；使某事延期take in领会；理解；记住take stock (of sth.)（对形势）作出估计（判断）consult with sb. 与某人商量on track在（可能通向成功的）轨迹上get into trouble处于困境get in one’s way挡着某人的路UNIT 6 Arivala. 竞争的；对抗的n. 对手；竞争者secondarya. 次要的；从属的imperiala. 帝国的；皇帝的raidn. 突袭；袭击vt. （军队）突然袭击territoryn. 领土；版图；领地opponentn. 1 （竞争、比赛等的）敌手，对手；2 反对者motivatevt. 激励；激发…的积极性loyala. 忠贞的；忠实的；忠诚的vesseln. 船；舰geniusn. 1 天才；天赋；2 有天才的人；天才人物convictionn. 坚定的信仰（主张）validatevt. 证实；使生效；使合法化exceptionn. 例外；除外veterana. 经验丰富的；老练的n. 老兵；退伍军人conquestn. 1 击败；征服；攻占；2 （对艰难、危险事物的）攻克，征服summitn. 1 某事物的顶峰；某事物的极点；2 首脑会议；最高级会议；峰会enlightenvt. 启发；指导；教导enlighteninga. 具启发性的publicationn. 1 书；杂志；著作；出版物；2 出版irrationala. 非理性的；不合理的；荒谬的investigatevt. 查明，调查，侦查（犯罪、事故或科学问题的真相）investigationn. （对犯罪、事故或科学问题等进行的正式的）调查，侦查marshalvt. 整理（思路、想法等）behaviorala. 行为的；行为方式的profitv. 使…得到；有利于n. 利润；收益；盈利revolvev. （使）旋转preservevt. 维护；保护；保存sessionn. （一批人参加某项活动的）一段时间fluctuatevi. 波动；起伏；涨落modifyvt. 改动；修改；更改visuala. 视觉的；视力的protest v. 1 坚持说；力言；2 公开反对；抗议clingvi. 1 坚持，墨守（某事物）；2 （尤指感觉不安全而）紧紧抓住（抱住）factorn. 因素；要素underneathprep. 1 在…里面；在…背后；2 在…下面；在…底下temporarya. 暂时的；临时的restorevt. 恢复implementvt. 实施；执行；贯彻delegatevt. 授权，委托（权限）（给下级）；下放（权力）n. 代表prunevt. （尤指为缩减规模或降低成本）削减，裁减discardvt. 扔掉；弃置outwarda. 外表的；表面的prejudicevt. 使有偏见；使有成见n. 成见；偏见prejudiceda. 有成见的；有偏见的dosen. 1 一份；一点；2 （药物的）一剂，一服；一次服用量respectivea. 各自的；分别的impose sth. on sb.将…强加于…be featured in 在…中被专题介绍；被特写profit from从…中受益revolve around以…为主题（目的）；围绕…be exhausted from因…而筋疲力尽；因…而疲惫不堪come in handy派得上用场be attached to sth. / sb.喜欢（依恋）某物或某人pay a big price to do sth.花很大代价做某事be measured in sth.用某事物来衡量make an effort to do sth.尽量试着做某事；勉强试着做某事UNIT 7 Aadministrative a. 行政的；管理的administrative assistant n. 行政助理attorneyn. 律师employeen. 受雇者；雇员accommodationn. 1 迁就；通融；调和；2 住处；工作场所segmentn. 部分；段；片tolerancen. 1 忍受；容忍；宽容；2 （对痛苦、困难等的）忍受程度，忍耐力disposevt. 1 使（某人）较倾向于；2 丢弃，处理（尤指难以处理的东西）disposeda. 有…倾向的sectorn. （尤指商业、贸易等的）部门，行业public sectorn. 公营部门；国营部门precedevt. 先于…（发生或存在）mumpsn. 腮腺炎flourishvi. 1 繁荣；兴旺；成功；2 茁壮成长bystandern. 旁观者；局外人；看热闹的人harnessvt. 利用；控制symbolica. 象征的；象征性的plausiblea. 可能正确的；有道理的hierarchicala. 按等级划分的diplomatica. 1 讲究手腕的；灵活变通的；2 外交的；从事外交工作的diplomaticallyad. 讲究手腕地；灵活变通地；外交地discrimination n. 歧视petroleumn. 石油exportn. 出口v. 出口acren. 英亩countyn. （英国的）郡；（美国等国家的）县erecta. 直立的；垂直的vt. 竖起cashiern. 出纳员；收银员auctionn. 拍卖concessionn. 妥协；迎合marinea. 海洋的；海产的；海生的n. 水兵；（英国/美国）海军陆战队士兵extentn. 程度；限度；范围vice-prefix 表示“副”（用于高级职位的名称前，表示仅次于这个职位的职位）weaponn. 武器；兵器；凶器infervt. （根据资料）推断，退定violatevt. 1 打扰；侵犯；侵害；2 违背；违反；侵犯valida. 1 有根据的；令人信服的；2 有效的；正式认可的offensen. 得罪；冒犯行为veilvt. 遮盖；掩饰n. 面纱composevt. 1 使自己镇静下来；2 由…组成composeda. 镇静的；镇定的headquartersn. 部；总公司；总办事处identicala. 完全相同的；非常相似的cooperativea. 合作的contextn. 1 场合；周围情况；环境；背景；2 上下文；语境scanvt. 1 扫描；2 粗略地看；浏览disputen. 争论；辩论；争端；纠纷consultantn. 顾问vaguea. 含糊的；不明确的；不清楚的vaguelyad. 1 模模糊糊地；不明确地；2 稍微；有点be disposed to do sth.愿意做某事；乐于做某事on both counts在两个方面take over接管；接任；接受take a liberty / liberties with sb.与某人相处时太放肆feel at ease with sb.（与某人在一起）感到放松，不拘束make a concession / concessions to为对某事或某想法取得一致意见作出妥协to some extent在某种程度上come down to归结为burst into突然迸发（尤指开始唱歌、哭、笑等）take exception to sth.因某事而生气（烦恼）stem from源于；来自；由于…发生。
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rebel 【vi 】造反；反抗.
chant 【v. 】反覆地喊；反复的唱
destruction 【n. 】毁灭；摧毁
petition 【n .】请愿书
bracelet 【n. 】手镯；臂镯
accessibility 【n .】可获得性的
opportunity 【n. 】机会
umbilically 【ad 】关系极为密切的
obscure 【a. 】晦涩的；费解的；不知晓的；无名的，默默无闻的
bliss 【n. 】无上幸福；至福
sophomore 【n. 】二年级学生
awakening 【n 】觉醒；认识；意识,
prime 【a. 】首要的，最重要的
cynic 【n. 】愤世嫉俗者，认为人皆自私的人
apathetic 【a, 】毫无兴趣的；漠然的
heady 【a, 】使人忘乎所以的；令人陶醉的
oblige 【vt.】（以法律。规定或责任）迫使
syllabus 【n. 】教学大纲
emphasize 【vt.】强调；重视
penalize 【vt.】处罚；不公平对待某人
prior 【a. 】先前的；之前的；事先的
denounce 【vt.】告发；控告。斥责。痛诉
passion 【n. 】强烈的感情
passionate 【a. 】感情强烈的；激昂的
protest 【n. 】抗议。异议，抗议集会
alliance 【n. 】结盟；联盟
launch 【vt 】发动.
ultimately 【ad 】终于，最终
postmodernism 【n 】后现代主义
definition 【n 】定义.
industrial 【a. 】工业化的
post-industrial【a. 】后工业化的
bady room 【n .】生育高峰
overthrow 【vt 】颠覆；使下台
banker 【n. 】银行家
statute 【n. 】法令法规
authorize 【vt.】授权；许可
deduction 【n. 】扣除
source 【n. 】来源；出处
punctually 【n. 】按时；准时
inspirational 【a. 】鼓舞人心的；有鼓舞力量的
philosophy 【n. 】思想体系；宗旨；哲学
assert 【vt 】断言；宣称.
collectively 【ad.】共同的；集体的
nostalgic 【a. 】怀旧的；恋旧的
frustration 【n. 】挫折烦恼
Lit 【n. 】文学课程
ironic 【a. 】反语的
gender 【n. 】性别
colonialism 【n. 】殖民主义
post-colonialism 【n.】后殖民主义
modernism 【n. 】现代主义
chat room 【n. 】聊天室
resonance 【n. 】（情感的）共鸣；反响
era 【n. 】时代；纪元
technological 【a. 】技术的；工艺的
profound 【a. 】根深蒂固的；深刻的
grip 【 n.】权力；控制；支配；抓紧；抓牢；紧握
governor 【n. 】州长
dissident 【a. 】持不同政见的 【n.】持不同政见者
liberal 【n. 】主张变革的人
clash 【n 】冲突，激烈的争吵
establishment 【n 】统治集团，当权派
descending 【a. 】下降的，递降的
emloyability 【n. 】可雇佣，达到雇佣条件
employment 【n 】职业工作 .
prospect 【n. 】胜算；成功的可能性
affordsbility 【n. 】平价，支付得起
issue 【n. 】问题议题
Unit1 College culture
haze 【n 】烟雾
marijuana 【n. 】大麻
economy 【n 】经济
campus 【n. 】校园（大学）
demonstration 【n. 】示威活动 radicalism 【n Nhomakorabea激进主义
denuciation 【n. 】告发；控告。斥责。痛诉
contravene 【vt.】与...相抵触；违反（规章·法律或协议）
irregularity 【vt.】违规
demise 【n. 】消亡；不复存在
resignation 【n. 】辞职
activism 【n 】激进主义.
characterize 【vt 】成为。。的特征.
dorm 【n 】寝室宿舍
indie 【a 】独立公司制作.
liberating 【a. 】令人觉得自由的