霍桑PPT---红字,好小伙子布朗

1.2 Major works
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源自文库
Twice-Told Tales (Which includes “The Minister’s Black Veil”)《故事重述》 Mosses from an Old Manse (Which included “Young Goodman Brown”)《古宅青苔》 The Scarlet Letter《红字》 1850 The Houses of the Seven Gables《带有七个尖角阁 的房子》1851 Blithedale Romance 《福谷传奇》 1852 The Marble Faun《玉石雕像》1860
1.3 Literary •style Hawthorne's work belongs to Romanticism, an
artistic and intellectual movement characterized by an emphasis on individual freedom from social conventions or political restraints, on human imagination, and on nature in a typically idealized form. • Some classify him as a gloomy “guilt-ridden moralist.”
1.3 Literary style
• His style was soft, flowing and almost feminine. • Language: smooth, clear, beautiful in sound and meaning • He also frequently uses symbols and settings to reveal the psychology of the characters.
III.Comment on Young Goodman Brown
Young Goodman Brown (1835) takes place in Puritan New England, a common setting for Hawthorne's works, and addresses one of his common themes:the conflict between good and evil in human nature and, in particular, the problem of public goodness and private wickedness.
Nathaniel Hawthorne (霍桑 霍桑) 霍桑 (1804—1864)
Nathaniel Hawthorne
I.Introduction of Nathaniel Hawthorne II.Introduction of The Scarlet Letter III.Comment on Young Goodman Brown
Day and night Good and Evil The red of fire and blood and the black of night and forest
Symbolism
day and the town: human convention and society night and forest: symbols of doubt and wandering red: Sin or Evil black: doubt of the reality of either Evil or Good that tortures Brown
Nathaniel Hawthorne is known in his writings for his criticism of the teachings of the Puritans. Young Goodman Brown is no different as it seeks to expose his perceived hypocrisy in Puritan doctrine. The plot and textual references in Young Goodman Brown reveal the Puritans as being like "a city upon a hill" as John Winthrop said, a founder of Puritanism, and wanting to be seen that way as good, holy men. However, their doctrine teaches that all men are inherently evil and they strive to cause each person to come to terms with this and realize their sinful nature. This hypocrisy that Hawthorne presents in his story is how he reflects on the hypocritical teachings of the Puritans. They taught that man was inherently evil in nature much in accordance to Enlightenment philosopher Thomas Hobbes.
1.1 Life Experience
His ancestors were notorious for the persecution of the Quakers and for the Salem Witchcraft Trial in 1692. He graduated form Bowdoin College in 1842 in the same class with Longfellow and Franklin Pierce (the 14 th U.S President). After graduation, he returned to Salem to live in his mother’s house and to pursue his literary career. His life experience had great influence on his character, as well as on his writing career.
• According to Hawthorne, “there is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity.” • A piece of literary work should “show how we are all wronged and wrongers, and avenge one another.” So in almost every book he wrote, Hawthorne discusses sin and evil.
Theme：
Everyone possesses some evil secret.
Allegory
The story is often read as a conventional allegory in the sense that Young Goodman is everyman, and his journey to the dark forest and his encounter with the devil are symbolic of man’s life journey from innocence to knowledge, from good to evil. Faith, if taken as an allegorical figure, is the incarnation of Christian belief. In order to best convey the setting in his work, he would often use various literary techniques. For example, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses specific diction, or colloquial expressions, to enhance the setting in his short story, "Young Goodman Brown".
The importance of his writing style is to put emphasis on the time period and also when the events took place. This contributes to the work as a whole because his writing style mimics the lifestyle of Puritans because he feels that he needs to keep it conformed to that time period in the past to make it believable.
Hawthorne’s writing style was based on his beliefs -----his central themes focused along the lines of reality -----and having the readers question what was given as fact, just as he did. His writing style sounded archaic and was difficult to understand. The dialogues were not like natural speech and very unlike the normal way people speak. (It was normal for people to speak like this back in Puritan times) Hawthorne conveyed modern themes of psychology and human nature through his crafty use of allegory and symbolism.
1.1 Life Experience
Born to a family with a long Puritan tradition in Salem, Massachusetts on July 4,1804. His great-grandfather, one of the judges at the Salem witchcraft trials. His father was a ship’s captain, who died of yellow fever on a voyage when Hawthorne was four. He was brought up by his uncles.
Analysis of the writing style
Ambiguity: Whether the events of the night are actual or dreamlike Whether Brown is lost to the devil or saved by Faith
Contrast in the article