霍桑红字ppt课件

and compensated the families of those
convicted. Since then, the story of the trials
has become synonymous with paranoia and
injustice, and it continues to beguile the
Nathaniel Hawthorne
July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864
❖ I do not want to be a doctor, and live by men’s diseases, nor a minister to live by their sins, nor a lawyer live by their quarrels. So I don’t see that there is anything left for me but to be an author.
Massachusetts between 1692 and 1693.
More than 200 people were accused of
practicing witchcraft—the Devil's magic—
and 20 were executed. Eventually, the
colony admitted the trials were a mistake
的房子》 ❖ 1852 The Blithe dale Romance 《福谷传奇》 ❖ 1860 The Marble Faun《玉石雕像》
.
the Salem Witch Trials. (塞勒姆女巫审判案)
❖ The Salem witch trials occurred in colonial
❖ He worked at a Custom House（海关） and joined Brook Farm, a transcendentalist community, before marring Peabody in 1842.
❖ Published The Scarlet Letter in 1850. ❖ Died on May 19, 1864.
popular imagination more than 300 years
later. Hawthorne changed the spelling in
his name, adding the “W” to his last name
and it is said that he did this because he did
Witch Trials.
.
Hawthorne and American Puritanism
❖ Puritans was the name given in the 16th century to the more extreme Protestants（新教徒，基督教徒）within the Church of England who thought the English Reformation （英国宗教改革）had not gone far enough in reforming the doctrines and structure of the church. They wanted to purify their national cபைடு நூலகம்urch by eliminating every shred of Catholic influence（加尔文教势力 残余）. In the 17th century many Puritans emigrated to the New World, where they sought to found a holy Commonwealth in New England. Puritanism remained the dominant cultural force in that area into the 19th century.
.
Major Works 主要作品
❖ 1828 Fanshawe 长篇小说《范肖》 ❖ 1837 The Minister's Black Veil《教长的黑纱》 ❖ 1850 The Scarlet Letter 长篇小说《红字》—a
treatment of the effects of sin on the human spirit. ❖ 1851 The House of Seven Gables《有七个尖角阁
.
Brief Introduction
❖ Born in 1804 in the city of Salem, Massachusetts（马萨诸塞 州）.
❖ Entered Bowdoin College in 1821 and graduated in 1825.
❖ Published his first work anonymously（不具名地）, a novel titled Fanshawe《范肖》in 1828.
not want to be associated with the Salem
witch trials that his father helped preside
over.
His ancestors: William Hathorne, who
emigrated from England in 1630, was the
first Hawthorne's ancestors to arrive in the
colonies. After arriving, William persecuted
Quakers. William's son John Hathorne was
one of the judges who oversaw the Salem
❖ Puritans believed that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God's chosen people (God's elect 上帝的选民)while others were predestined to be damned to hell. The success of one's work or the prosperity in his calling given by God was the sign of being God's elect. Therefore, everyone must work hard, spend little and invest for more business. Working hard and living a moral life were their ethics. They regarded Bible to be the authority of their doctrine. To be able to read the Bible and understand God's will, education was essential for Puritans.