热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水(丘吉尔)
6.热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水
内容评析
丘吉尔坦诚直率，慷慨激昂，给人以果断刚毅 之感，于其中喊出了“我没有什么可以奉献， 有的只是热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水”的人生奋 斗的最强音。这句话蕴含着巨大的潜台词，同 时也是贯穿整个演讲红线。围绕这根逻辑线索， 丘吉尔以准确有力的概念、判断，以严密无懈 的逻辑推理把演讲表达得完美酣畅。不仅完全 征服了在场的每一位听众，也强有力地鼓舞人 民与法西斯血战到底的斗志。
瑞典文学院在授予他诺贝尔文学 奖的颁奖词中说：“丘吉尔成熟的演 说，目的敏捷准确，内容壮观动人。 犹如一股铸造历史环节的力。……丘 吉尔在自由和人性 尊重的关键时刻的 滔滔不绝的演说，却另有一番动人心 魄的魔力。也许他自己正是以这伟大 的演说，建立了永垂不朽的碑。” S·席瓦兹院士在颁奖词中还说， “丘吉尔在政治上和文学上的成就如 此之大，……此前从未有过一位领袖 人物能两样兼备而且如此杰出。”
内容评析
1940年，德国法西斯横扫欧洲大地，英国处于 生死存亡的危急关头，丘吉尔临危受命，组建 战时内阁，出任英国首相。本文就是他当年在 英国下议院发表的就职演说。演讲者以“诗一 般的语言，铁一般的意志’”慷慨陈词，这与 其说是政府首相的就职演讲，不如说是一个有 良知和正义感的政治家的宣言——代表着不甘 屈辱的民族、国家和民众，向邪恶的法西斯黑 暗势力彻底宣战的战斗宣言。
战争结束后，战时内阁也必须解散。5月23日丘吉尔辞职，并将 大选定于7月5日举行。 7月26日，丘吉尔正式卸下了首相职务。下 台后的丘吉尔开始计划撰写第二次世界大战的回忆录，并多次提到 建立一个统一的“欧洲合众国”的设想。
在1951年的 大选中，保 守党重夺政 权，丘吉尔 再度出任首 相。 1965年1月24 日，丘吉尔 因中风去世。
1900年10月，代表英国保守党参选的丘吉尔顺利当选议员，从此开 始了长达61年的政治生涯. 1906年自由党上台，丘吉尔获任命为殖民地事务部次官。 1910年丘吉尔出任内政大臣。 1911年10月，丘吉尔获任命为海军大臣。 1916年5月，丘吉尔卸任皇家苏格兰毛瑟枪团第6营营长，并放弃了 中校军衔，回到议会。 1917年7月，自由党党魁劳合·乔治宣布任命丘吉尔为军需大臣。 1924年夏，被首相斯坦利·鲍德温任命为财政大臣。 1929年5月英国再度举行大选，选举中丘吉尔本人险胜。
热血 辛劳 眼泪和汗水 邱吉尔二战精彩演讲中英版欣赏
邱吉尔二战精彩演讲欣赏英国战时首相邱吉尔时英国历史上最杰出的领袖，也是当代最伟大的演说家之一。
他的领导才能似乎与生俱来，在二战期间正是他的演讲，凝聚了英国全国的志气，直至二战胜利。
本文分别选取三段在二战初期、中期和结束时邱吉尔的演讲，以飨读者。
Blood, Toil, Tears and Sweat1) (excerpts) 热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水To form an Administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself, but it must be remembered that we are in the preliminary stage of one of the greatest battles in history, that we are in action at many other points in Norway and in Holland, that we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean2), that the air battle is continuous and that many preparations, such as have been indicated by my hon3). Friend below the Gangway, have to be made here at home. In this crisis I hope I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today. I hope that any of my friends and colleagues, or former colleagues, who are affected by the political reconstruction, will make allowance4), all allowance, for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act. I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined this government: "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil5), tears and sweat."We have before us an ordeal6) of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many long months of struggle and of suffering. You ask, what is our policy? I can say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air, with all our might and with all the strength that God can give us; to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark, lamentable7) catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim?I can answer in one word: It is victory, victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be; for without victory, there is no survival. Let that be realised; no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge and impulse of the ages, that mankind will move forward towards its goal. But I take up my task with buoyancy8) and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. At this time I feel entitled to claim the aid of all, and I say, "come then, let us goforward together with our united strength."组成一届具有这种规模和复杂性的政府，本身就是一项严肃的任务。
丘吉尔铁幕演说丘吉尔的著名演说“鲜血,辛劳,眼泪与汗水”录音文本
丘吉尔铁幕演说丘吉尔的著名演说“鲜血,辛劳,眼泪与汗水”录音文本导读：就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“丘吉尔的著名演说“鲜血,辛劳,眼泪与汗水”录音文本”的资讯，希望对您有所帮助，感谢您对的支持!Blood, T oil, T ears and SweatFirst Speech as Prime Minister to the House of CommonsWinston Churchill，May 13, 1940On Friday evening last I received His Majesty's commission to form a new Administration. It as the evident wish and will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties, both those who supported the late Government and also the parties of the Opposition. I have completed the most important part of this task. A War Cabinet has been formed of five Members, representing, with the Opposition Liberals, the unity of thenation. The three party Leaders have agreed to serve, either in the War Cabinet or in high executive office. The three Fighting Services have been filled. It was necessary that this should be done in one single day, on account of the extreme urgency and rigour of events. A number of other positions, key positions, were filled yesterday, and I am submitting a further list to His Majesty to-night. I hope to complete the appointment of the principal Ministers during to-morrow. the appointment of the other Ministers usually takes a little longer, but I trust that, when Parliament meets again, this part of my task will be completed, and that the administration will be complete in all respects.I considered it in the public interest to suggest that the House should be summoned to meet today. Mr. Speaker agreed, and took the necessary steps, in accordance with the powers conferred upon him by the Resolution of the House. At the end of the proceedings today, the Adjournment of the House will be proposed until Tuesday, 21st May, with, of course, provision for earlier meeting, if need be. The business to be considered during that week will be notified to Members at the earliest opportunity. I now invite the House, by the Motion which stands in my name, to record its approval of the steps takenand to declare its confidence in the new Government.T o form an Administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself, but it must be remembered that we are in the preliminary stage of one of the greatest battles in history, that we are in action at many other points in Norway and in Holland, that we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean, that the air battle is continuous and that many preparations, such as have been indicated by my hon. Friend below the Gangway, have to be made here at home. In this crisis I hope I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today. I hope that any of my friends and colleagues, or former colleagues, who are affected by the political reconstruction, will make allowance, all allowance, for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act. I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined this government: "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat."We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many long months of struggle and of suffering. You ask, what is our policy?I can say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air, with all ourmight and with all the strength that God can give us; to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark, lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word: It is victory, victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be; for without victory, there is no survival. Let that be realised; no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge and impulse of the ages, that mankind will move forward towards its goal. But I take up my task with buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. At this time I feel entitled to claim the aid of all, and I say, "come then, let us go forward together with our united strength."百度搜索“就爱阅读”,专业资料,生活学习,尽在就爱阅读网,您的在线图书馆。
【名人演讲】温斯顿·丘吉尔：我有的只是热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水
【名人演讲】温斯顿·丘吉尔：我有的只是热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水我有的只是热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水——出任首相后的首次演说作者：[英国]温斯顿·丘吉尔上星期五晚上，我接受了英王陛下的委托，组织新政府。
这次组阁，应包括所有的政党，既有支持上届政府的政党，也有上届政府的反对党。
显而易见，这是议会和国家的希望与意愿。
我已完成了此项任务中最重要的部分，战时内阁业已成立。
五位阁员中包括反对党的自由主义者，代表了举国一致的团结。
三党领袖已经同意加入战时内阁，或者担任国家高级行政职务。
三军指挥机构已加以充实。
由于事态发展的严重性及予人的紧迫感，仅仅用一天时间完成此项任务，是完全必要的。
其他许多重要职位已在昨天任命。
我将在今天晚上向英王陛下呈递补充名单，并希望于明日一天完成对政府主要大臣的任命。
其他一些大臣的任命，虽然通常需要更多一点的时间，但是，我相信议会再次开会时，我的这项任务将告完成，而且本届政府在各方面都将是完整无缺的。
我认为，向下院建议今天开会是符合公众利益的。
议长先生同意这个建议，并根据下院决议所授予他的权力，采取了必要的步骤。
今天议程结束时，下院休会到5月21日、星期二。
当然，还要附加规定，如果需要的话，可以提前复会。
下周会议所要考虑的议题，将尽早通知全体议员。
现在，我请求下院，根据以我的名义提出的决议案，批准已采取的各项步骤，将它记录在案，并宣布对新政府的信任。
组成一届具有这种规模和复杂性的政府，本身就是一项严肃的任务。
但是大家一定要记住，我们正处在历史上一次最伟大的战争的初期阶段，我们正在挪威和荷兰的许多地方进行战斗，我们必须在地中海地区做好准备，空战仍在继续，众多的战备工作必须在国内完成。
在这危急存亡之际，如果我今天没能向下院做长篇演说，我希望能够得到你们的宽恕。
我还希望，因为这次政府改组而受到影响的任何朋友和同事，或者以前的同事，能对礼节上的不周之处予以充分谅解，这种礼节上的欠缺，到目前为止是在所难免的。
丘吉尔演讲稿
丘吉尔演讲稿Document number：WTWYT-WYWY-BTGTT-YTTYU-2018GT丘吉尔演讲稿《Blood,》，《Weshallfightthemonthebeachers》，《(铁幕演说）》，三篇演讲稿英文及其翻译。
这是丘吉尔1940年5月13日在下院发表的首相就职演讲，内容大概如下：“我所能奉贤的，只有热血和辛劳，眼泪和汗水。
你们问：我们的政策是什么我说，我们的政策就是用上帝所给予我们的全部能力和全部力量，在海上.陆地上和空中进行战争。
同一个邪恶悲惨的人类罪恶史上从为见过的穷凶极恶的暴政进行战争。
你们问：我们的目的是什么我可以用一个词来答复：胜利————不惜一切代价去争取胜利，无论多么恐怖也要去争取胜利；无论道路多么遥远和艰难，也要去争取胜利；因为没有胜利，就不能生存。
在这个时候，我觉得我有权要求大家的支持，我说：起来，让我们联合起来，共同前进！”热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水丘吉尔星期五晚上，我接受了英王陛下的委托，组织新政府。
这次组阁，应包括所有的政党，既有支持上届政府的政党，也有上届政府的反对党，显而易见，这是议会和国家的希望与意愿。
我已完成了此项任务中最重要的部分。
战时内阁业已成立，由5位阁员组成，其中包括反对党的自由主义者，代表了举国一致的团结。
三党领袖已经同意加入战时内阁，或者担任国家高级行政职务。
三军指挥机构已加以充实。
由于事态发展的极端紧迫感和严重性，仅仅用一天时间完成此项任务，是完全必要的。
其他许多重要职位已在昨天任命。
我将在今天晚上向英王陛下呈递补充名单，并希望于明日一天完成对政府主要大臣的任命。
其他一些大臣的任命，虽然通常需要更多一点的时间，但是，我相信会议再次开会时，我的这项任务将告完成，而且本届政府在各方面都将是完整无缺的。
我认为，向下院建议在今天开会是符合公众利益的。
议长先生同意这个建议，并根据下院决议所授予他的权力，采取了必要的步骤。
今天议程结束时，建议下院休会到5月21日星期二。
英语演讲原文：热血、汗水和眼泪 (温斯顿·丘吉尔)
热血、汗水和眼泪（温斯顿·丘吉尔）Blood, Sweat and TearsWinston Churchill May 13, 1940英汉对照On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty 1 the mission to form a new administration. It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties. I have already completed the most important part of this task. A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor 2 , Opposition 3 and Liberals, the unity 4 of the nation. It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor 5 of events. Other key positions were filled yesterday. I am submitting a further list to the King tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow. The appointment of other Ministers usually takes a little longer. I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the administration will be complete in all respects. I considered it in the public interest to suggest to the Speaker that the House should besummoned today. At the end of today's proceedings 6 , the adjournment 7 of the House will be proposed until May 2l with provision for earlier meeting if need be. Business for that will be notified to M. P. 's at the earliest opportunity. I now invite the House by a resolution to record its approval of the steps taken and declare its confidence in the new government. The resolution: "That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united and inflexible 8 resolve of the nation to prosecute 9 the war with Germany to a victorious 10 conclusion." To form an administration of this scale and complexity 11 is a serious undertaking 12 in itself. But we are in the preliminary Phase of one of the greatest battles in history. We are in action at any other points-in Norway and in Holland-and we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean 13 . The air battle is continuing, and many preparations have to be made here at home. In this crisis I think I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today, and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or for mer colleagues who are affected 14 by the political reconstruction 15 will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act. I say to the House as I said to Ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil 16 , tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal 17 of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, manymonths of struggle and suffering. You ask, what is our policy?I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous 18 tyranny never surpassedin the dark and lamentable 19 catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival. Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture 20 , at this time, to claim the aid ofall and to say, "Come then, let us go forward together withour united strength."-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- "热血、汗水和眼泪" 温斯顿·丘吉尔 1940年5月13日上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，组织新的一届政府。
Blood, Toil, Tears and Sweat热血,辛劳,眼泪和汗水Winston Churchill May 13, 1940
Blood, Toil, Sweat and TearsWinston Churchill (May 13, 1940 )温斯顿·丘吉尔，政治家、画家、演说家、作家以及记者，1953年诺贝尔文学奖得主（获奖作品《第二次世界大战回忆录》），曾于1940－1945年及1951－1955年期间两度任英国首相，被认为是20世纪最重要的政治领袖之一，带领英国获得第二次世界大战的胜利。
据传为历史上掌握英语单词词汇量最多的人之一(十二万多)。
2002年，BBC举行了一个名为“最伟大的100名英国人”的调查，结果丘吉尔获选为有史以来最伟大的英国人。
May 13, 1940Mr. Speaker:On Friday evening last I received His Majesty’s commission to form a new Administration. It was the evident wish and will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties, both those who supported the late Government and also the parties of the Opposition.I have completed the most important part of this task. A War Cabinet has been formed of five Members, representing, with the Liberal, Opposition, the unity of the nation. The three party Leaders have agreed to serve, either in the War Cabinet or in high executive office. The three Fighting Services have been filled. It was necessary that this should be done in one single day, on account of the extreme urgency and rigour of events. A number of other key positions were filled yesterday, and I am submitting a further list to His Majesty tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of the principal Ministers during tomorrow. The appointment of the otherMinisters usually takes a little longer, but I trust that, when Parliament meets again, this part of my task will be completed, and that the Administration will be complete in all respects.Sir, I considered it in the public interest to suggest that the House should be summoned to meet today. Mr. Speaker agreed and took the necessary steps, in accordance with the powers conferred upon him by the Resolution of the House. At the end of the proceedings today, the Adjournment of the House will be proposed until Tuesday, the 21st May, with, of course, provision for earlier meeting, if need be. The business to be considered during that week will be notified to Members at the earliest opportunity. I now invite the House, by the Resolution which stands in my name, to record its approval of the steps taken and to declare its confidence in the new Government.Sir, to form an Administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself, but it must be remembered that we are in the preliminary stage of one of the greatest battles in history, that we are in action at many points in Norway and in Holland, that we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean, that the air battle is continuous and that many preparations have to be made here at home. In this crisis I hope I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today. I hope that any of my friends and colleagues, or former colleagues, who are affected by the political reconstruction, will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act. I would say to the House, as I said to those who’ve joined this government: “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.”We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many long months of struggle and of suffering. You ask, what is our policy? I will say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air, with all ourmight and with all the strength that God can give us; to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word: victory. Victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be; for without victory, there is no survival. Let that be realised; no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge and impulse of the ages, that mankind will move forward towards its goal.But I take up my task with buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. At this time I feel entitled to claim the aid of all, and I say, “Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.”星期五晚上，我接受了英王陛下的委托，组织新政府。
丘吉尔的著名演说“鲜血,辛劳,眼泪与汗水”录音文本
丘吉尔的著名演说“鲜血,辛劳,眼泪与汗水”录音文本Blood, T oil, Tears and SweatFirst Speech as Prime Minister to the House of CommonsWinston Churchill， May 13, 1940On Friday evening last I received His Majesty's commission to form a new Administration. It as the evident wish and will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties, both those who supported the late Government and also the parties of the Opposition. I have completed the most important part of this task. A War Cabinet has been formed of five Members, representing, with the Opposition Liberals, the unity of the nation. The three party Leaders have agreed to serve, either in the War Cabinet or in high executive office. The three Fighting Services have been filled. It was necessary that this should be done in one single day, on account of the extreme urgency and rigour of events. A number of other positions, key positions, were filled yesterday, and I am submitting a further list to His Majesty to-night. I hope to complete the appointment of the principal Ministers during to-morrow. the appointment of the other Ministers usually takes a little longer, but I trust that, when Parliament meets again, this part of my task will be completed, and that the administration will be complete in all respects.I considered it in the public interest to suggest that the House should be summoned to meet today. Mr. Speaker agreed, and took the necessary steps, in accordance with the powers conferred upon him by the Resolution of the House. At the end of the proceedings today, the Adjournment of the House will be proposed until Tuesday, 21st May, with, of course, provision forearlier meeting, if need be. The business to be considered during that week will be notified to Members at the earliest opportunity.I now invite the House, by the Motion which stands in my name, to record its approval of the steps taken and to declare its confidence in the new Government.To form an Administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself, but it must be remembered that we are in the preliminary stage of one of the greatest battles in history, that we are in action at many other points in Norway and in Holland, that we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean, that the air battle is continuous and that many preparations, such as have been indicated by my hon. Friend below the Gangway, have to be made here at home. In this crisis I hope I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today. I hope that any of my friends and colleagues, or former colleagues, who are affected by the political reconstruction, will make allowance, all allowance, for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act. I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined this government: "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat."We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many long months of struggle and of suffering. You ask, what is our policy?I can say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air, with all our might and with all the strength that God can give us; to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark, lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word: It is victory, victory atall costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be; for without victory, there is no survival. Let that be realised; no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge and impulse of the ages, that mankind will move forward towards its goal. But I take up my task with buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. At this time I feel entitled to claim the aid of all, and I say, "come then, let us go forward together with our united strength."。
从文学角度剖析丘吉尔的演说艺术——以《我所能奉献的只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水》为例
2562019年19期总第459期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS从文学角度剖析丘吉尔的演说艺术——以《我所能奉献的只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水》为例文/顾佳敏without victory, there is no survival.”丘吉尔在回答实施相关政策的目的时，用victory接介词词组的方式，解释了victory的具体含义，几个victory 整齐出现，无论付出什么代价都必须取得胜利，表达了丘吉尔对于取得全面胜利的信心，非常有鼓动性和号召力。
“Let that be realized, no survival for the British Empire;nosurvival for all that the British Empire has stood for,no survival for the urge and impulse of the ages,that mankind will move forward towards its goal.” 一连三个no survival，构成排比，句式整齐，说明了没有胜利，英国的一切将不复存在，不抗战胜利就等于灭亡。
将抗战失败的严重性表达地清晰明了，使听众感受到一致对外，共同抗敌的重要性。
3.行文简洁。
开篇丘吉尔就开门见山地说明自己被委任为首相并且交代了组成临时内阁等相关事宜，他说“如果我今天不对下院作长篇发言的话，也请在座的各位原谅我”，正是由于情况紧急，这篇演讲稿仅用几百个字，就表达了十分重要的内容。
演说大致分为两部分，第一部分交代了内阁的组成及相关事宜，第二部分表达了自己抗击法西斯的决心，丘吉尔一改往日议会演讲的庄重细致，却异常铿锵有力，深入人心。
4.重心突出。
整篇演讲虽短，但是内容交代明确，重心突出。
他深知当时情势危急，团结一切力量抗敌才是重中之重。
因此他说道“A War Cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Liberal Opposition, the unity of the nation.”丘吉尔指出吸收反对党成员进入内阁是国家团结统一的象征，在演讲的最后，他呼吁道“Come then, let us go forwardtogether with our united strength.”首尾呼应，鼓励全国人民团结一致，对抗法西斯。
丘吉尔演讲：热血、汗水和眼泪
丘吉尔演讲：热血、汗水和眼泪Winston Churchill (May 13, 1940 ) On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the mission to form a new administration.上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，组织新的一届政府。
It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.按国会和国民的意愿，新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上，应该兼容所有的党派。
I have already completed the most important part of this task. A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.我已经完成了这项任务的最主要的部分。
战时内阁已由五人组成，包括工党、反对党和自由党，这体现了举国团结一致。
It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events. Other key positions were filled yesterday. I am submitting a further list to the King tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow.由于事态的极端紧急和严峻，新阁政府须于一天之内组成，其他的关键岗位也于昨日安排就绪。
丘吉尔演讲稿
丘吉尔演讲稿《Blood,》，《Weshallfightthemonthebeachers》，《(铁幕演说）》，三篇演讲稿英文及其翻译。
这是丘吉尔1940年5月13日在下院发表的首相就职演讲，内容大概如下：“我所能奉贤的，只有热血和辛劳，眼泪和汗水。
你们问：我们的政策是什么我说，我们的政策就是用上帝所给予我们的全部能力和全部力量，在海上.陆地上和空中进行战争。
同一个邪恶悲惨的人类罪恶史上从为见过的穷凶极恶的暴政进行战争。
你们问：我们的目的是什么我可以用一个词来答复：胜利————不惜一切代价去争取胜利，无论多么恐怖也要去争取胜利；无论道路多么遥远和艰难，也要去争取胜利；因为没有胜利，就不能生存。
在这个时候，我觉得我有权要求大家的支持，我说：起来，让我们联合起来，共同前进！”热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水丘吉尔星期五晚上，我接受了英王陛下的委托，组织新政府。
这次组阁，应包括所有的政党，既有支持上届政府的政党，也有上届政府的反对党，显而易见，这是议会和国家的希望与意愿。
我已完成了此项任务中最重要的部分。
战时内阁业已成立，由5位阁员组成，其中包括反对党的自由主义者，代表了举国一致的团结。
三党领袖已经同意加入战时内阁，或者担任国家高级行政职务。
三军指挥机构已加以充实。
由于事态发展的极端紧迫感和严重性，仅仅用一天时间完成此项任务，是完全必要的。
其他许多重要职位已在昨天任命。
我将在今天晚上向英王陛下呈递补充名单，并希望于明日一天完成对政府主要大臣的任命。
其他一些大臣的任命，虽然通常需要更多一点的时间，但是，我相信会议再次开会时，我的这项任务将告完成，而且本届政府在各方面都将是完整无缺的。
我认为，向下院建议在今天开会是符合公众利益的。
议长先生同意这个建议，并根据下院决议所授予他的权力，采取了必要的步骤。
今天议程结束时，建议下院休会到5月21日星期二。
当然，还要附加规定，如果需要的话，可以提前复会。
下周会议所要考虑的议题，将尽早通知全体议员。
丘吉尔1940就职演讲热血、辛劳、汗水和眼泪576
丘吉尔1940就职演讲:：热血、辛劳、汗水和眼泪It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadestCabinetpossible basis and that it should include all parties.按国会和国民的意愿，新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上，应该容纳所有的党派。
I have already completed the most important part of this task. A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.我已经完成了这项任务最重要的部分。
战时内阁已由五人组成，包括工党、反对党和自由党，这体现了全国的团结一致。
It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency andrigor of events. Other key positions were filled yesterday. I am submitting a further list to the King tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow由于事态的极端紧急和严峻，新内阁政府须于一天之内组成，其他的关键岗位也于昨日安排就绪。
今晚我还要向国王呈报一份名单。
我希望明天就能完成几位主要大臣的任命。
丘吉尔：热血,辛劳,泪水和汗水
丘吉尔：热血,辛劳,泪水和汗水I now invite the House,by the Resolution which stands in my name,to record its approval of the steps taken and to declare its confidence in the new Government.现在依据我所签署的决议，请求下议院将它同意行的步骤正式记录下来，并宣示它对新政府的信任。
Sir, to form an Administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself,要组一个这种规模而又这样复杂的政府本来就是艰难的事情，but it must be remembered that we are in the preliminary stage of one of the greatest battles in history,但我们要记得，我们正处在历史上最大一次战争的初期阶段，that we are in action at many points in Norway and in Holland,我们在挪威与荷兰很多地方正在作战，that we have to be prepered in the Mediterranean,that the air battle is continuous and that many preparations have to be made here at home.我们必须在地中海地区做准备，空战正在持续进行中，而在国内这里也必须做很多准备。
In this crisis I hope I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today.在这个危急存亡的时刻，如果今天我对下议院的演讲不够详尽，还希望多予体谅。
【热血、汗水和眼泪】丘吉尔二战著名演讲
【热血、汗水和眼泪】丘吉尔二战著名演讲1939年9月德国闪袭波兰。
1940年4月入侵丹麦、挪威；5月比利时、荷兰、卢森堡和法国处于沦陷边缘。
5月8日，英国首相张伯伦遭到不信任质疑动议，被迫辞职。
10日下午6时，英国国王召见丘吉尔，令其组建内阁。
5月13日，丘吉尔第一次以首相身份出席下议院会议，发表了著名的讲话：“我没有别的，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水献给大家……要不惜一切代价去争取胜利，因为没有胜利就无法生存。
”下议院最终以381票对0票的绝对优势表明了对丘吉尔政府的支持。
以下是演讲全文：“上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，组织新的一届政府。
按国会和国民的意愿，新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上，应该兼容所有的党派。
我已经完成了这项任务的最主要的部分。
战时内阁已由五人组成，包括工党、反对党和自由党，这体现了举国团结一致。
由于事态的极端紧急和严峻，新阁政府须于一天之内组成，其他的关键岗位也于昨日安排就绪。
今晚还要向国王呈报一份名单。
我希望明天就能完成几位主要大臣的任命。
其余大臣们的任命照例得晚一些。
我相信，在国会下一次召开时，任命将告完成，臻于完善。
现在我请求国会作出决议，批准我所采取的各项步骤，记录在案，并且声明信任新政府。
决议如下：本国会欢迎新政府的组成，她体现了举国一致的坚定不移的决心：对德作战，直到最后胜利。
组织如此规模和如此复杂的政府原本是一项重大的任务。
但是我们正处于历史上罕见的一场大战的初始阶段。
我们在其他许多地点作战——在挪威，在荷兰，我们还必须在地中海做好准备。
空战正在继续，而且在本土也必须做好许多准备工作。
值此危急关头，我想，即使我今天向国会的报告过于简略，也当能见谅。
我还希望所有在这次改组中受到影响的朋友、同僚和旧日的同僚们对必要的礼仪方面的任何不周之处能毫不介意。
我向国会表明，一如我向入阁的大臣们所表明的：我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水，我们所面临的将是一场极其严酷的考验，将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。
丘吉尔二战著名演讲
丘吉尔二战着名演讲：热血、汗水和眼泪1940年5月8日,由于前首相张伯伦遭到不信任质疑动议,被迫辞职.5月10日下午6时,国王召见丘吉尔,令其组阁；一小时后丘吉尔会见工党领袖艾德礼,邀请工党加入内阁并获得支持.3天后丘吉尔首次以首相身份出席下议院会议,发表了着名的讲话：“我没有别的,只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水献给大家……你们问：我们的目的是什么我可以用一个词来答复：胜利,不惜一切代价去争取胜利,无论多么恐怖也要争取胜利,无论道路多么遥远艰难,也要争取胜利,因为没有胜利就无法生存.”下议院最终以381票对0票的绝对优势表明了对丘吉尔政府的支持.演讲全文：On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the mission to form a new administration.上星期五晚上,我奉陛下之命,组织新的一届政府.It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.按国会和国民的意愿,新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上,应该兼容所有的党派.I have already completed the most important part of this task.A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.我已经完成了这项任务的最主要的部分.战时内阁已由五人组成,包括工党、反对党和自由党,这体现了举国团结一致.It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events. Other key positions were filled yesterday. I am submitting a further list to the King tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow.由于事态的极端紧急和严峻,新阁政府须于一天之内组成,其他的关键岗位也于昨日安排就绪.今晚还要向国王呈报一份名单.我希望明天就能完成几位主要大臣的任命.The appointment of other Ministers usually takes a little longer. I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the administration will be complete in all respects.其余大臣们的任命照例得晚一些.我相信,在国会下一次召开时,任命将告完成,臻于完善.I considered it in the public interest to suggest to the Speaker that the House should be summoned today. At the end of today''s proceedings, the adjournment of the House will be proposeduntil May 2l with provision for earlier meeting if need be. Business for that will be notified to M. P. ''s at the earliest opportunity.为公众利益着想,我建议议长今天就召开国会.今天的议程结束时,建议休会到5月21日,并准备在必要时提前开会.有关事项当会及早通知各位议员.I now invite the House by a resolution to record its approval of the steps taken and declare its confidence in the new government. The resolution:现在我请求国会作出决议,批准我所采取的各项步骤,启示记录在案,并且声明信任新政府.决议如下："That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united and inflexible resolve of the nation to prosecute the war with Germany to a victorious conclusion."“本国会欢迎新政府的组成,她体现了举国一致的坚定不移的决心：对德作战,直到最后胜利.”To form an administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself. But we are in the preliminary Phase of one of the greatest battles in history. We are in action at any other points-in Norway and in Holland-and we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean. The air battle is continuing, and many preparations have to be made here at home.组织如此规模和如此复杂的政府原本是一项重大的任务.但是我们正处于历史上罕见的一场大战的初始阶段.我们在其他许多地点作战——在挪威,在荷兰,我们还必须在地中海做好准备.空战正在继续,而且在本土也必须做好许多准备工作.In this crisis I think I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today, and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or for mer colleagues who are affected by the political reconstruction will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act.值此危急关头,我想,即使我今天向国会的报告过于简略,也当能见谅.我还希望所有在这次改组中受到影响的朋友、同僚和旧日的同僚们对必要的礼仪方面的任何不周之处能毫不介意.I say to the House as I said to Ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.我向国会表明,一如我向入阁的大臣们所表明的,我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水我们所面临的将是一场极其严酷的考验,将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难.You ask, what is our policy I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyrannynever surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy.若问我们的政策是什么我的回答是：在陆上、海上、空中作战.尽我们的全力,尽上帝赋予我们的全部力量去作战,对人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战.这就是我们的政策.You ask, what is our aim I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.若问我们的目标是什么我可以用一个词来回答,那就是胜利.不惜一切代价,去夺取胜利——不惧一切恐怖,去夺取胜利——不论前路如何漫长、如何艰苦,去夺取胜利.因为没有胜利就不能生存.Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.我们务必认识到,没有胜利就不复有大英帝国,没有胜利就不复有大英帝国所象征的一切,没有胜利就不复有多少世纪以来的强烈要求和冲动：人类应当向自己的目标迈进.I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men.我精神振奋、满怀信心地承担起我的任务.我确信,大家联合起来,我们的事业就不会遭到挫败.I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, "Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength."在此时此刻的危急关头,我觉得我有权要求各方面的支持.我要说：“来吧,让我们群策群力,并肩前进史上最狂妄的演讲甲骨文公司总裁Larry Ellison在耶鲁大学的演讲"Graduates of Yale University, I apologize if you have endured this type of prologue before, but I want you to do something for me. Please, take a good look around you. Look at the classmate on your left. Look at the classmate on your right. Now, consider this: five years from now, 10 years from now, even thirty years from now, odds are the person on your left is going to be a loser. The person on your right, meanwhile, will also be a loser. And you, in the middle What can you expect Loser. Loserhood. Loser Cum Laude. In fact, as I look out before me today, I don\'t see a thousand hopes for a bright tomorrow. I don\'t see a thousand future leaders in a thousand industries.I see a thousand losers. You\'re upset. That\'s understandable. After all, how can I,Lawrence "Larry" Ellison, college dropout, have the audacity to spout such heresy to the graduating class of one of the nation\'s most prestigious institutionsI\'ll tell you why. Because I, Lawrence "Larry" Ellison, second richest man on the planet, am college dropout, and you are not.Because Bill Gates, richest man on the planet-for now anyway-is a college dropout, and you are not. Because Paul Allen, the third richest man on the planet, dropped out of college, and you did not. And for good measure, because Michael Dell, on the list and moving up fast, is a college dropout, and you, yet again, are not.Hmm ... you\'re very upset. That\'s understandable. So let me stroke your Egos for a moment by pointing out, quite sincerely, that your diplomas were not attained in vain. Most of you, I imagine, have spent four to five years here, and in many ways what you\'ve learned and endured will serve you well in the years ahead. You\'ve established good work habits. You\'ve established a network of people that will help you down the road. And you\'ve established what will be lifelong relationships with the word "therapy." All that of is good.For in truth, you will need that network. You will need those strong work habits. You will need that therapy. You will need them because you didn\'t drop out, and so you will never be among the richest people in the world. Oh sure, you may, perhaps, work your way up to №10 or №11, like Steve Ballmer. But then, Idon\'t have to tell you who he really works for, do I And for the record, he dropped out of grad school. Bit of a late bloomer. Finally, I realize that many of you, and hopefully by now most of you, Are wondering, "Is there anything I can do Is there any hope for me at all Actually, no. It\'s too late. You\'ve absorbed too much, think you know too much. You\'re not 9 anymore. You have a built-in cap,and I\'m not referring to the mortarboards on your heads.Hmm ... you\'re really very upset. That\'s understandable. So perhaps this Could be a good time to bring up the silver lining. Not for you, Class of \'00. You are a write-off, so I\'ll let you slink off to your pathetic $200,000-a-year jobs, where your cheques will be signed by former classmates who dropped out two years ago. Instead, I want to give hope to any underclassmen here today. I say to you, and I can\'t stress this enough: leave. Pack your things and your ideas and don\'t come back. Drop out. Start up. For I can tell you that a cap and gown will keep you down just as surely as these security guards dragging me off this stage are keeping me down..."At this point The Oracle CEO was ushered off stage.耶鲁的毕业生们,我很抱歉---如果你们不喜欢这样的开场白.我想请你们为我做一件事.请你---好好看一看周围,看一看站在你左边的同学,看一看站在你右边的同学.请你设想这样的情况：从现在起5年之后,10年之后,或30年之后,今天站在你左边的这个人会是一个失败者；右边的这个人,同样,也是个失败者.而你,站在中间的家伙,你以为会怎样一样是失败者.失败的经历.失败的优等生.说实话,今天我站在这里,并没有看到一千个毕业生的灿烂未来.我没有看到一千个行业的一千名卓越领导者,我只看到了一千个失败者.你们感到沮丧,这是可以理解的.为什么,我,埃里森,一个退学生,竟然在美国最具声望的学府里这样厚颜地散布异端我来告诉你原因.因为,我,埃里森,这个行星上第二富有的人,是个退学生,而你不是.因为比尔盖茨,这个行星上最富有的人---就目前而言---是个退学生,而你不是.因为艾伦,这个行星上第三富有的人,也退了学,而你没有.再来一点证据吧,因为戴尔,这个行星上第九富有的人---他的排位还在不断上升, 也是个退学生.而你,不是.你们非常沮丧,这是可以理解的.你们将来需要这些有用的工作习惯.你将来需要这种“治疗”`.你需要它们,因为你没辍学,所以你永远不会成为世界上最富有的人.哦,当然,你可以,也许, 以你的方式进步到第10位,第11位,就像Steve.不过,我没有告诉你他在为谁工作,是吧根据记载,他是研究生时辍的学,开化得稍晚了些.现在,我猜想你们中间很多人,也许是绝大多数人,正在琢磨,"能做什么我究竟有没有前途"当然没有.太晚了,你们已经吸收了太多东西,以为自己懂得太多.你们再也不是19岁了.你们有了``内置``的帽子,哦,我指的可不是你们脑袋上的学位帽.嗯......你们已经非常沮丧啦.这是可以理解的.所以,现在可能是讨论实质的时候啦---绝不是为了你们,2000年毕业生.你们已经被报销,不予考虑了.我想,你们就偷偷摸摸去干那年薪20万的可怜工作吧,在那里,工资单是由你两年前辍学的同班同学签字开出来的.事实上,我是寄希望于眼下还没有毕业的同学.我要对他们说,离开这里.收拾好你的东西,带着你的点子,别再回来.退学吧,开始行动.我要告诉你,一顶帽子一套学位服必然要让你沦落......就像这些保安马上要把我从这个讲台上撵走一样必然......此时,拉里埃里森被带离了讲台I have been to the mountaintop马丁·路德·金：Thank you very kindly, my friends. As I listened to Ralph Abernathy and his eloquent and generous introduction and then thought about myself, I wondered who he was talking about. It's always good to have your closest friend and associate to say something good about you. And Ralph Abernathy is the best friend that I have in the world. I'm delighted to see each of you here tonight in spite of a storm warning. You reveal that you are determined to go on anyhow.Something is happening in Memphis; something is happening in our world. And you know, if I were standing at the beginning of time, with the possibility of taking a kind of general and panoramic view of the whole of human history up to now, and the Almighty said to me, "Martin Luther King, which age would you like to live in" I would take my mental flight by Egypt and I would watch God's children in their magnificent trek from the dark dungeons of Egypt through, or rather across the Red Sea, through the wilderness on toward the promised land. And in spite of its magnificence, I wouldn't stop there.I would move on by Greece and take my mind to Mount Olympus. And I would see Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, Euripides and Aristophanes assembled around the Parthenon. And I would watch them around the Parthenon as they discussed the great and eternal issues of reality. But I wouldn't stop there.I would go on, even to the great heyday of the Roman Empire. And I would see developments around there, through various emperors and leaders. But I wouldn't stop there.I would even come up to the day of the Renaissance, and geta quick picture of all that the Renaissance did for the cultural and aesthetic life of man. But I wouldn't stop there.I would even go by the way that the man for whom I am named had his habitat. And I would watch Martin Luther as he tacked his ninety-five theses on the door at the church of Wittenberg. But I wouldn't stop there.I would come on up even to 1863, and watch a vacillating President by the name of Abraham Lincoln finally come to the conclusion that he had to sign the Emancipation Proclamation. But I wouldn't stop there.I would even come up to the early thirties, and see a man grappling with the problems of the bankruptcy of his nation. And come with an eloquent cry that we have nothing to fear but "fear itself." But I wouldn't stop there.Strangely enough, I would turn to the Almighty, and say, "If you allow me to live just a few years in the second half of the 20th century, I will be happy." Now that's a strange statement to make, because the world is all messed up. The nation is sick. Trouble is in the land; confusion all around. That's a strange statement. But I know, somehow, that only when it is dark enough can you see the stars. And I see God working in this period of the twentieth century in a way that men, in some strange way, are responding.Something is happening in our world. The masses of people are rising up. And wherever they are assembled today, whether they are in Johannesburg, South Africa; Nairobi, Kenya; Accra, Ghana; New York City; Atlanta, Georgia; Jackson, Mississippi; or Memphis, Tennessee -- the cry is always the same: "We want to be free."And another reason that I'm happy to live in this period is that we have been forced to a point where we are going tohave to grapple with the problems that men have been trying to grapple with through history, but the demands didn't force them to do it. Survival demands that we grapple with them. Men, for years now, have been talking about war and peace. But now, no longer can they just talk about it. It is no longer a choice between violence and nonviolence in this world; it's nonviolence or nonexistence. That is where we are today.And also in the human rights revolution, if something isn't done, and done in a hurry, to bring the colored peoples of the world out of their long years of poverty, their long years of hurt and neglect, the whole world is doomed. Now, I'm just happy that God has allowed me to live in this period to see what is unfolding. And I'm happy that He's allowed me to be in Memphis.I can remember -- I can remember when Negroes were just going around as Ralph has said, so often, scratching where they didn't itch, and laughing when they were not tickled. But that day is all over. We mean business now, and we are determined to gain our rightful place in God's world.And that's all this whole thing is about. We aren't engaged in any negative protest and in any negative arguments with anybody. We are saying that we are determined to be men. We aredetermined to be people. We are saying -- We are saying that we are God's children. And that we are God's children, we don't have to live like we are forced to live.Now, what does all of this mean in this great period of history It means that we've got to stay together. We've got to stay together and maintain unity. You know, whenever Pharaoh wanted to prolong the period of slavery in Egypt, he had a favorite, favorite formula for doing it. What was that He kept the slaves fighting among themselves. But whenever the slaves get together, something happens in Pharaoh's court, and he cannot hold the slaves in slavery. When the slaves get together, that's the beginning of getting out of slavery. Now let us maintain unity.Secondly, let us keep the issues where they are. The issue is injustice. The issue is the refusal of Memphis to be fair and honest in its dealings with its public servants, who happen to be sanitation workers. Now, we've got to keep attention on that. That's always the problem with a little violence. You know what happened the other day, and the press dealt only with the window-breaking. I read the articles. They very seldom got around to mentioning the fact that one thousand, three hundredsanitation workers are on strike, and that Memphis is not being fair to them, and that Mayor Loeb is in dire need of a doctor. They didn't get around to that.Now we're going to march again, and we've got to march again, in order to put the issue where it is supposed to be -- and force everybody to see that there are thirteen hundred of God's children here suffering, sometimes going hungry, going through dark and dreary nights wondering how this thing is going to come out. That's the issue. And we've got to say to the nation: We know how it's coming out. For when people get caught up with that which is right and they are willing to sacrifice for it, there is no stopping point short of victory.We aren't going to let any mace stop us. We are masters in our nonviolent movement in disarming police forces; they don't know what to do. I've seen them so often. I remember in Birmingham, Alabama, when we were in that majestic struggle there, we would move out of the 16th Street Baptist Church day after day; by the hundreds we would move out. And Bull Connor would tell them to send the dogs forth, and they did come; but we just went before the dogs singing, "Ain't gonna let nobody turn me around."Bull Connor next would say, "Turn the fire hoseson." And as I said to you the other night, Bull Connor didn't know history. He knew a kind of physics that somehow didn't relate to the transphysics that we knew about. And that was the fact that there was a certain kind of fire that no water could put out. And we went before the fire hoses; we had known water. If we were Baptist or some other denominations, we had been immersed. If we were Methodist, and some others, we had been sprinkled, but we knew water. That couldn't stop us.And we just went on before the dogs and we would look at them; and we'd go on before the water hoses and we would look at it, and we'd just go on singing "Over my head I see freedom in the air." And then we would be thrown in the paddy wagons, and sometimes we were stacked in there like sardines in a can. And they would throw us in, and old Bull would say, "Take 'em off," and they did; and we would just go in the paddy wagon singing, "We Shall Overcome." And every now and then we'd get in jail, and we'd see the jailers looking through the windows being moved by our prayers, and being moved by our words and our songs. And there was a power there which Bull Connor couldn't adjust to; and so we ended up transforming Bull into a steer, and we won our struggle in Birmingham.Now we've gotto go on in Memphis just like that. I call upon you to be with us when we go out Monday.Now about injunctions: We have an injunction and we're going into court tomorrow morning to fight this illegal, unconstitutional injunction. All we say to America is, "Be true to what you said on paper." If I lived in China or even Russia, or any totalitarian country, maybe I could understand some of these illegal injunctions. Maybe I could understand the denial of certain basic First Amendment privileges, because they hadn't committed themselves to that over there. But somewhere I read of the freedom of assembly. Somewhere I read of the freedom of speech. Somewhere I read of the freedom of press. Somewhere I read that the greatness of America is the right to protest for right. And so just as I say, we aren't going to let dogs or water hoses turn us around, we aren't going to let any injunction turn us around. We are going on.We need all of you. And you know what's beautiful to me is to see all of these ministers of the Gospel. It's a marvelous picture. Who is it that is supposed to articulate the longings and aspirations of the people more than the preacher Somehow the preacher must have a kind of fire shut up in his bones. Andwhenever injustice is around he tell it. Somehow the preacher must be an Amos, and saith, "When God speaks who can but prophesy" Again with Amos, "Let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream." Somehow the preacher must say with Jesus, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me," and he's anointed me to deal with the problems of the poor."And I want to commend the preachers, under the leadership of these noble men: James Lawson, one who has been in this struggle for many years; he's been to jail for struggling; he's been kicked out of Vanderbilt University for this struggle, but he's still going on, fighting for the rights of his people. Reverend Ralph Jackson, Billy Kiles; I could just go right on down the list, but time will not permit. But I want to thank all of them. And I want you to thank them, because so often, preachers aren't concerned about anything but themselves. And I'm always happy to see a relevant ministry.It's all right to talk about "long white robes over yonder," in all of its symbolism. But ultimately people want some suits and dresses and shoes to wear down here It's all right to talk about "streets flowing with milk and honey," but God hascommanded us to be concerned about the slums down here, and his children who can't eat three square meals a day. It's all right to talk about the new Jerusalem, but one day, God's preacher must talk about the new New York, the new Atlanta, the new Philadelphia, the new Los Angeles, the new Memphis, Tennessee. This is what we have to do.Now the other thing we'll have to do is this: Always anchor our external direct action with the power of economic withdrawal. Now, we are poor people. Individually, we are poor when you compare us with white society in America. We are poor. Never stop and forget that collectively -- that means all of us together -- collectively we are richer than all the nations in the world, with the exception of nine. Did you ever think about that After you leave the United States, Soviet Russia, Great Britain, West Germany, France, and I could name the others, the American Negro collectively is richer than most nations of the world. We have an annual income of more than thirty billion dollars a year, which is more than all of the exports of the United States, and more than the national budget of Canada. Did you know that That's power right there, if we know how to pool it.We don't have to argue with anybody. We don't have to curse and go around acting bad with our words. We don't need any bricks and bottles. We don't need any Molotov cocktails. We just need to go around to these stores, and to these massive industries in our country, and say, "God sent us by here, to say to you that you're not treating his children right. And we've come by here to ask you to make the first item on your agenda fair treatment, where God's children are concerned. Now, if you are not prepared to do that, we do have an agenda that we must follow. And our agenda calls for withdrawing economic support from you."And so, as a result of this, we are asking you tonight, to go out and tell your neighbors not to buy Coca-Cola in Memphis. Go by and tell them not to buy Sealtest milk. Tell them not to buy -- what is the other bread -- Wonder Bread. And what is the other bread company, Jesse Tell them not to buy Hart's bread. As Jesse Jackson has said, up to now, only the garbage men have been feeling pain; now we must kind of redistribute the pain. We are choosing these companies because they haven't been fair in their hiring policies; and we are choosing them because they can begin the process of saying they are going to support the needs and the rights of these men who are on strike. And thenthey can move on town -- downtown and tell Mayor Loeb to do what is right.But not only that, we've got to strengthen black institutions.I call upon you to take your money out of the banks downtown and deposit your money in Tri-State Bank. We want a "bank-in" movement in Memphis. Go by the savings and loan association. I'm not asking you something that we don't do ourselves at SCLC. Judge Hooks and others will tell you that we have an account here in the savings and loan association from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. We are telling you to follow what we are doing. Put your money there. You have six or seven black insurance companies here in the city of Memphis. Take out your insurance there. We want to have an "insurance-in."Now these are some practical things that we can do. We begin the process of building a greater economic base. And at the same time, we are putting pressure where it really hurts. I ask you to follow through here.Now, let me say as I move to my conclusion that we've got to give ourselves to this struggle until the end. Nothing would be more tragic than to stop at this point in Memphis. We've got to see it through. And when we have our march, you need to bethere. If it means leaving work, if it means leaving school -- be there. Be concerned about your brother. You may not be on strike. But either we go up together, or we go down together.Let us develop a kind of dangerous unselfishness. One day a man came to Jesus, and he wanted to raise some questions about some vital matters of life. At points he wanted to trick Jesus, and show him that he knew a little more than Jesus knew and throw him off base....Now that question could have easily ended up in a philosophical and theological debate. But Jesus immediately pulled that question from mid-air, and placed it on a dangerous curve between Jerusalem and Jericho. And he talked about a certain man, who fell among thieves. You remember that a Levite and a priest passed by on the other side. They didn't stop to help him. And finally a man of another race came by. He got down from his beast, decided not to be compassionate by proxy. But he got down with him, administered first aid, and helped the man in need. Jesus ended up saying, this was the good man, this was the great man, because he had the capacity to project the "I" into the "thou," and to be concerned about his brother.Now you know, we use our imagination a great deal to try to determine why the priest and the Levite didn't stop. At times we say they were busy going to a church meeting, an ecclesiastical gathering, and they had to get on down to Jerusalem so they wouldn't be late for their meeting. At other times we would speculate that there was a religious law that "One who was engaged in religious ceremonials was not to touch a human body twenty-four hours before the ceremony." And every now and then we begin to wonder whether maybe they were not going down to Jerusalem -- or down to Jericho, rather to organize a "Jericho Road Improvement Association." That's a possibility. Maybe they felt that it was better to deal with the problem from the causal root, rather than to get bogged down with an individual effect.But I'm going to tell you what my imagination tells me. It's possible that those men were afraid. You see, the Jericho road is a dangerous road. I remember when Mrs. King and I were first in Jerusalem. We rented a car and drove from Jerusalem down to Jericho. And as soon as we got on that road, I said to my wife, "I can see why Jesus used this as the setting for his parable." It's a winding, meandering road. It's really conducive for ambushing. You start out in Jerusalem, which is about 1200 miles-- or rather 1200 feet above sea level. And by the time you get down to Jericho, fifteen or twenty minutes later, you're about 2200 feet below sea level. That's a dangerous road. In the days of Jesus it came to be known as the "Bloody Pass." And you know, it's possible that the priest and the Levite looked over that man on the ground and wondered if the robbers were still around. Or it's possible that they felt that the man on the ground was merely faking. And he was acting like he had been robbed and hurt, in order to seize them over there, lure them there for quick and easy seizure. And so the first question that the priest asked -- the first question that the Levite asked was, "If I stop to help this man, what will happen to me" But then the Good Samaritan came by. And he reversed the question: "If I do not stop to help this man, what will happen to him"That's the question before you tonight. Not, "If I stop to help the sanitation workers, what will happen to my job. Not, "If I stop to help the sanitation workers what will happen to all of the hours that I usually spend in my office every day and every week as a pastor" The question is not, "If I stop to help this man in need, what will happen to me" The question is, "If I do not stop to help the sanitation workers, what will happen to them" That's the question.。
丘吉尔二战经典演讲：热血、汗水和眼泪
丘吉尔二战经典演讲：热血、汗水和眼泪(1940.5.13)"BLOOD, SWEAT AND TEARS"Winston Churchill (May 13, 1940 ) On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the mission to form a new administration.It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that t his should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.I have already completed the most important part of this task. A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events. Other key positions were filled yesterday. I am submitting a further list to the King tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow.The appointment of other Ministers usually takes a little longer. I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the administration will be complete in all respects.I considered it in the public interest to suggest to the Speaker that the House should be summoned today. At the end of today's proceedings, the adjournment of the House will be proposed until May 2l with provision for earlier meeting if need be. Business for that will be notified to M. P. 's at the earliest opportunity.I now invite the House by a resolution to record its approval of the steps taken and declare its confidence in the new government. The resolution:"That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united and inflexible resolve of the nation to prosecute the war with Germany to a victorious conclusion."To form an administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself. But we are in the preliminary Phase of one of the greatest battles in history. We are in action at any other points-in Norway and in Holland-and we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean. The air battle is continuing, and many preparations have to be made here at home.In this crisis I think I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today, and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or for mer colleagues who are affected by the political reconstruction will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act.I say to the House as I said to Ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny neversurpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy.You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men.I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, "Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength."“热血、汗水和眼泪”上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，组织新的一届zheng府。
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Winston Churchill May 13, 1940
On Friday evening last I received from HisMajesty the mission to form a new administration.
It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.
I have already completed the most important part of this task. A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.
I now invite the House by a resolution to record its approval of the steps taken anddeclare its confidence in the new government. The resolution
That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united and inflexible resolve of the nation to prosecute the war with Germany to a victorious conclusion.
热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水
（1940.5.13）
丘吉尔
星期五晚上，我接受了英王陛下的委托，组织新政府。这次组阁，应包括所有的政党，既有支持上届政府的政党，也有上届政府的反对党，显而易见，这是议会和国家的希望与意愿。我已完成了此项任务中最重要的部分。战时内阁业已成立，由5位阁员组成，其中包括反对党的自由主义者，代表了举国一致的团结。三党领袖已经同意加入战时内阁，或者担任国家高级行政职务。三军指挥机构已加以充实。由于事态发展的极端紧迫感和严重性，仅仅用一天时间完成此项任务，是完全必要的。其他许多重要职位已在昨天任命。我将在今天晚上向英王陛下呈递补充名单，并希望于明日一天完成对政府主要大臣的任命。其他一些大臣的任命，虽然通常需要更多一点的时间，但是，我相信会议再次开会时，我的这项任务将告完成，而且本届政府在各方面都将是完整无缺的。
I say to the House as I said to Ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.
You ask, what is our policy I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy.
摆在我们面前的，是一场极为痛苦的严峻的考验。在我们面前，有许多许多漫长的斗争和苦难的岁月。你们问：我们的政策是什么我要说，我们的政策就是用我们全部能力，用上帝所给予我们的全部力量，在海上、陆地和空中进行战争，同一个在人类黑暗悲惨的罪恶史上所从未有过的穷凶极恶的**进行战争。这就是我们的政策。你们问：我们的目标是什么我可以用一个词来回答：胜利——不惜一切代价，去赢得胜利；无论多么可怕，也要赢得胜利，无论道路多么遥远和艰难，也要赢得胜利。因为没有胜利，就不能生存。大家必须认识到这一点：没有胜利，就没有英帝国的存在，就没有英帝国所代表的一切，就没有促使人类朝着自己目标奋勇前进这一世代相因的强烈欲望和动力。但是当我挑起这个担子的时候，我是心情愉快、满怀希望的。我深信，人们不会听佳我们的事业遭受失败。此时此刻，我觉得我有权利要求大家的支持，我要说：“来吧，让我们同心协力，一道前进。
You ask, what is our aim I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory,however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.
组成一届具有这种规模和复杂性的政府，本身就是一项严肃的任务。但是大家一定要记住，我们正处在历史上一次最伟大的战争的初期阶段，我们正在挪威和荷兰的许多地方进行战斗，我们必须在地中海地区做好准备，空战仍在继续，众多的战备工作必须在国内完成。在这危急存亡之际，如果我今天没有向下院做长篇演说，我希望能够得到你们的宽恕。我还希望，因为这次政府改组而受到影响的任何朋友和同事，或者以前的同事，会对礼节上的不周之处予以充分谅解，这种礼节上的欠缺，到目前为止是在所难免的。正如我曾对参加本届政府的成员所说的那样，我要向下院说：“我没什么可以奉献，有的．只是热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。”
In this crisis I think I may be pardoned if Ido not address the House at any length today, and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or for mer colleagues whoare affected by the political reconstruction will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it hasbeen necessary to act.
Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, thatmankind shall move forward toward his goal.
I considered it in the puห้องสมุดไป่ตู้lic interest to suggest to the Speaker that the House should be summoned today. At the end oftoday's proceedings, the adjournment of the House will be proposed until May 2l with provision for earlier meeting if need be. Business for that will be notified to M.P. 's at the earliest opportunity.
The appointment of other Ministers usually takes a little longer. I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the administration will be complete in all respects.
我认为，向下院建议在今天开会是符合公众利益的。议长先生同意这个建议，并根据下院决议所授予他的权力，采取了必要的步骤。今天议程结束时，建议下院休会到5月21日星期二。当然，还要附加规定，如果需要的话，可以提前复会。下周会议所要考虑的议题，将尽早通知全体议员。现在，我请求下院，根据以我的名义提出的决议案，批推已采取的各项步骤，将它记录在案，并宣布对新政府的信任。
To form an administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking initself. But we are in the preliminary Phaseof one of the greatest battles in history. We are in action at any other points-in Norway and in Holland-and we have to beprepared in the Mediterranean. The air battle is continuing, and many preparations have to be made here at home.
It was necessary that this should be donein one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events. Other key positions were filled yesterday. I am submitting a further list to the King tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow.