【阅读题型】托福阅读指代题实例分析(四)
剖析托福阅读指代关系题及变换措辞题
剖析托福阅读指代关系题及变换措辞题指代关系题基本介绍:iBT考试要求考生不仅确定词在文章段落种的意思,而且要找到指代词,即一个词可用另一个词或词组来指代。
所有答词都可用来大体一个词,词组或其所表达的意思。
指代词可使句与句之间的过渡衔接顺利。
出题形式:The word…in the passage refers to…The phrase…in paragraph refers to…解题技巧:方案一:“删除”去除不代表数字或性别的选项,区别单复数。
方案二:“代入”以选项代入法来检测词意或逻辑性,寻找具有同样语法结构的词或词组。
方案三:“靠前”每一篇文章种都有一个指代关系题。
通常代词所指的使紧靠它前面的词,但也会有例外,三篇文章总共有2至3题。
案例:A study of elderly men and women in New Zealand found that television can actually serve as a companion by assuming “the role of social contact with the wider world.” Reducing “feeling of isolation and loneliness because it directs viewers” attention away from themselves.Thus television’s replacement voices can provide comfort because they distract from a focus on being alone.The word it in the passage refers toA: companionB: isolationC: lonelinessD: television分析选项 D 正确.television 实际上在这里的意思是television programming.电视节目能够转移人们的注意力.选项 A 属干扰项,从语境来说很容易被接受,但从语法角度来讲不是正确答案.答案B和C的干扰作用在于它们从距离上讲离it 代词最近,很容易产生混淆作用.总之,在做iBT指代关系题的时候,要排除干扰选项,选出正确答案.其特点是单数与复数,人和物容易混淆,指代周围充满了很多单词,词组和观点等等.总之,把握住解题技巧,相信可以取得事半功倍的效果.变换措辞题:基本介绍:iBT变化措辞题是使用自己的语言改写文章中的句子或段落,以不同方式重新陈述另一句话,保留其内容,不改变其意。
托福阅读指代关系题答题方法解读
智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读指代关系题答题方法解读摘要:小编为大家介绍下托福阅读指代关系题如何答,正在准备托福阅读的学生可以一起来看看下面的介绍,希望能给大家的托福考试准备带来帮助。
托福阅读指代关系题如何答? 新托福阅读考试要求考生不但可以确定词在文章段落种的意思,还会找到指代词,也就是所谓的一个词可用另一个词或词组来指代。
所有答词都可用来大体一个词,词组或其所表达的意思。
指代词可使句与句之间的过渡衔接顺利。
第一这类题型的出题形式:The word…in the passage refers to…The phrase…in paragraph refers to…第二解题技巧有三个方案:方案一:“删除”去除不代表数字或性别的选项,区别单复数。
方案二:“代入”以选项代入法来检测词意或逻辑性,寻找具有同样语法结构的词或词组。
方案三:“靠前”每一篇文章种都有一个指代关系题。
通常代词所指的使紧靠它前面的词,但也会有例外,三篇文章总共有2至3题。
以下是具体案例:A study of elderly men and women in New Zealand found that television can actually serve as a companion by assuming “the role of social contact with the wider world.” Reducing “feeling of isolation and loneliness be cause it directs viewers” attention away from themselves. Thus television’s replacement voices can provide comfort because they distract from a focus on being alone.The word it in the passage refers toA:companionB:isolationC:lonelinessD:television分析选项D 正确。
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析通用4篇
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析通用4篇托福考试阅读长难句解析篇一Their competition and collaboration werecreating the broadcasting industry in the United States, beginning with theintroduction of commercial radio programming in the early 1920s.记忆单词:competition n.比赛competitor n.参赛者competent adj.有能力的competence n.能力collaboration n.合作collaborate v.合作commercial adj.商业的commodity n.商品理解句子:此句结构清晰,划线部分为分词作状语。
托福阅读paraphrase题型解题思路技巧实例分析篇二托福阅读中的paraphrase问题如何应对?在托福阅读中,还有一类题型经常出现,那就是paraphrase。
这类问题需要大家在给出的选项选择与文章中的长难句意义相近的一句话。
这类问题还是有一定难度的,因为选项中存在一些干扰项。
那么这类问题有哪些解题技巧呢?Strategies to answer this question:1、划分句子主谓宾,充分理解句子意思;2、将句子大意用自己的话复述一遍,简化句子成分;3、看问题选项中有没有跟刚复述的句子意义相似的句子;4、选出正确答案后,看一下其他错误选项。
这些错误选项有的意思跟原文不同,有的漏掉了原文中的重要内容。
找出这些错误,确保万无一失。
Example:大家先来看一个例子:Rather than sell the painting, which is most likely worthmillions of dollars, the Jesuits decided to make it available to the nation of Ireland for viewing. Thus, the painting is on “indefinite loan” to the National Gallery of Ireland. Nevertheless, the painting continues its travels as it features in exhibitions around the world, from the United States to Amsterdam.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence?a. The National Gallery of Ireland now owns the painting.b. The National Gallery of Ireland bought the painting from the Jesuits.c. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting, but the Jesuits still own it.d. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting as long as they allow it to travel.想要回答正确,就要准确理解文中indefinite loan的意思。
怎么做好新托福阅读题型--指代题
怎么做好新托福阅读题型--指代题指代题是托福阅读中的一种题型,下面小编就来分享一下如何才能做好它。
新托福阅读题型--指代题Reference questions ( 0 to 2 questions per set )指代题指代题是比较“鸡肋”的一种题,由于它难度不高,现在在托福考试中出现的概率已经低了很多。
尤其第三版的官方指南中新增加的三篇文章,竟然一道指代题都没有,这也许说明了ETS的一种态度和出题的动向。
但是指代题的原理,我们的同学必须要掌握。
因为虽然也许你碰到指代题的概率低了很多,但是ETS在插入句子题、简化句子题或者推断题等题目,用代词来做主语,你不得不去确定这个代词主语到底指代的是前文中的什么才能继续解题。
所以我们说这是一种很鸡肋的题型,同学们可以复习一下定语从句以及代词等方面的相关语法,分析一些例题,应该可以很好地应付这种题型。
托福阅读指代题解题思路及步骤一、问题形式被考的文章中有一个词或词组被加亮,这个词通常是一个代词或名词。
指代题的形式如下:The word (or phrase) X in the passage refers to二、解题步骤1. 根据解题技巧确定答案2. 代入原文验证,看语义、逻辑和语法上是否通顺三、基本原则1. 就近指代所谓就近指代,就是被指代对象通常在指代词前不远处,如本句或上一句中。
有时也出现在更前面的一句中。
例如,Large wind farms might also interfere with the flight patterns of migratory birds in certain areas, and they have killed large birds of prey (especially hawks, falcons, and eagles) that prefer tohunt along the same ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines has pitted environmentalists who champion wildlife protection against environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy. Researchers are evaluating how serious this problem is and hope to find ways to eliminate or sharply reduce this problem.The phrase this problem in the passage refers to interference with the flight patterns of migrating birds in certain areas building ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines the killing of birds of prey by wind turbines meeting the demands of environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy 本题涉及的是一个词组this problem。
托福阅读 指代题
托福阅读指代题
托福阅读中的指代题是出镜率相当高的题型之一,此外,在非托福的各种考试中,学生也常常会遇到类似的指代题,所以掌握指代题的题型分类和解题技巧对考学来说都是非常重要技能,下面应届毕业生网就为考生介绍下托福阅读指代题的解答技巧,供考生学习和参考。
在托福考试中的指代题就是考察学生对某一个代词具体指代的名词的一个识别,通常的提问形式体现为“The word
they/their/it/its/some in the passage refers to______”,然后给出四个选项,这四个词通常都是原文中出现过的生词,并且往往都是在they/their/it/its/some这几个词的附近,所以就需要考生经过严密的思考和推测,然后选出一个既符合行文逻辑,又符合上下文意思的选项。
那么说到这儿问题就来了,到底该怎么确定代词到底指代的是什么词呢?
我们可以根据代词的不同类别,把指代题分成四大类型:人称代词类、指示代词类、关系代词类和不定代词类。
然后就可以根据不同类别的代词特征一一解答了。
解密新托福阅读考试指代类问题题型
指代类问题(Reference Questions)是新托福阅读考试每次必考题型,因此每次IBT考试我们都能看到⼀个熟悉的词组“refer to ”,这是指代类问题的标志。
⼀般来说,3篇IBT阅读题⽬中会有2⾄3道这种类型的题⽬。
本⽂将带领⼴⼤IBT考⽣解密Reference Questions ,以助考⽣考到理想成绩。
问题形式 考试的到⽂章中会有⼀个单词或短语⽤阴影标识出来,这个词通常是⼀个代词。
然后考⽣会被问到: ◆ The word X in the passage refers to 四个选项都来⾃于⽂章中的单词或短语,但只有⼀个选项是被阴影标识出来的单词或短语所指代的内容(referent)。
考查⽬的 此类问题考查考⽣辨认⽂章中但此间指代关系的能⼒。
通常这种关系是代词与其先⾏词之间的关系,有时也考查其他语法的指代关系(如:which或this)。
代词类型 考查的代词通常为:Subject PronounshesheittheyObject PronounshimheritthemPossessive AdjectiveshisheritstheirDemonstrative pronounsthisthatthesethoseRelative PronounswhowhomwhichwhoseOther Pronounsalleithernonethe firstanothera fewoneanybothmanyotherseachmosteithersomethe other 解题步骤 1. 看题⼲,确定指代词类型。
2. 带着题⼲主线索回原⽂找到阴影代词,根据上下⽂内容确定答案。
(注意:在⽂章中,指代内容通常在代词之前出现,但有时也会出现在带代词后。
指代内容可能与代词在同⼀个句⼦,也可能在另⼀个句⼦中出现。
) 3. 将所选的答案替代被标识的单词或短语放回原⽂,利⽤语法检验它能否使句⼦表达通顺。
实例剖析托福阅读指代题技巧
实例剖析托福阅读指代题技巧----969c7623-6eaf-11ec-8ece-7cb59b590d7d智课网toefl备考资料摘要:举例分析托福阅读参考题的技巧!你对参考问题了解很多吗?托福阅读有很多测试点。
让我们关注托福阅读的参照关系。
学生可以通过例子来理解它。
我希望它能对学生的考试有所帮助。
实例剖析托福阅读指代题技巧。
大家是否对指代题很了解呢?托福阅读中的题有很多考点,下面我们来着重介绍一下托福阅读之指代关系题。
同学们可以通过实例来了解,希望可以对同学们的考试有所帮助。
例1:passage:“…thefirstweeklynewspaperinthecolonieswasthebostongazette,establishedin1719,thesameyearthatmarkedtheappearanceofphiladelphia‘sfirstnewspaper,theamericanmercury,wheretheyoungbenjaminfranklinworked.by1760bostonhad4newspapersand5otherprintin gestablishments;philadelphia,2newspapersand3otherpresses;andnewyork,3newspapers.thedistribution,ifnotthesale,ofnewspaperswasassistedbytheestablishmentofapostalservicein1710,whichhadanetworkofsome65officesby1770,servingall13colonies…”浏览代码,获取示例,分析托福阅读参考问题的技巧thewordwhichinthepassagereferstoa、分配b.salec、报纸d.postalservice正确答案是d例题2:通道:“……这些法律适用于其应用,不考虑文化信仰、地理或气候。
托福阅读题型讲解
Vocabulary questions
常识学科词
语境学科词
Migration
Core
Gregarious
Crust
Symbiosis
Game
Metabolism Digestion
Scale Basin Fault
Vocabulary questions
根据上下文推断
例题1:
Watercolor is the most light-filled of all ways of painting, but its luminosity depends on the white of paper shining through thin washes of pigment.
A. touchable
B. treatable
Байду номын сангаас
C. believable
D. invisible
Vocabulary questions
例题3
The mantle of the earth is 2900 kilometers thick and encompasses about 84 percent of the total volume of the earth.
A. Beauty
B. Visibility
C. Color
D. Brightness
Vocabulary questions
例题2
Most TV sets come with remote controls. They use infrared technology. Infrared is imperceptible, whereas the light from the TV screen is visible.
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【阅读题型】托福阅读指代题实例分析(四)
托福阅读中的指代题是出镜率相当高的题型之一,此外,在非托福的各种考试中,学生也常常会遇到类似的指代题,所以掌握指代题的题型分类和解题技巧对考学来说都是非常重要技能。
例一:Like the dinosaurs, some the pterosaurs became gigantic; the largest
fossil discovered is of an individual that had a wingspan of 50 feet or more,
larger than many airplanes. These flying reptiles had large, tooth-filled jaws,
but their bodies were small and probably without the necessary powerful muscles
for sustained wing movement. They must have been expert gliders, not skillful
fliers, relying on wind power for their locomotion.
The word “They” in line 10 refers to
A.powerful muscles
B.bodies
C.jaws
D.flying reptiles
例二:With the advent of projection, the viewer’s relationship with the image
was no longer private, as it had been with earlier peepshow devices such as the
Kinetoscope and the Mutoscope, which was a similar machine that reproduced
motion by means of successive images on individual photographic cards instead of
on strips of celluloid. It suddenly became public—an experience that the viewer
shared with dozens, scores, and even hundreds of others.
The word “It” in the passage refers to
A.The advent of projection
B.The viewer’s relationship with the image
C.A similar machine
D.Celluloid
例三:By holding in rather than venting “steam,” we set the stage for future explosions. Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may be expressed toward parents inindirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be expressed toward strangers later in life.
The word “they” in the passage refers to
A.future explosions
B.pent-up aggressive impulses
C.outlets
D.indirect ways
例四:Beneath the crust lies the mantle, a very different layer that extends
approximately halfway to the Earth’s center. There the rock is the subject of a
battle between increasing heat and growing pressure.
3. The word “There” in line 12 refers to the
A.mantle
B.crust
C.seabed
D.Earth’s center.。