9月高级口译听力真题spot dictation
英语高级口译真题+答案
英语高级口译真题+答案9月英语高级口译真题+答案(1)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death. Play is not meant to be just for children. It is a form of ___________ （1）that can tap into your creativity, and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others. I have collected the ___________ （2）of play here.Play can stimulate you ___________ （3）. It can go against all the rules, and change the same ___________ （4）. Walt Disney was devoted to play, and his willingness to ___________ （5）changed the world of entertainment. The next time you are stuck in a ___________ （6）way of life, pull out a box of color pencils, modeling clay, glue and scissors, and ___________ （7）and break free. You will be amazed at the way your thinking ___________ （8）.Playing can bring greater joy into your life. What do you think the world would be like-if ___________ （9）each day in play? I bet just asking you this question has ___________ （10）. Play creates laughter, joy, entertainment, ___________ （11）. Starting today, try to get 30 minutes each day to engage in some form of play, and ___________ （12）rise!Play is known ___________ （13）. Studies show that, as humans, play is part of our nature. We have the need to playbecause it is instinctive and ___________ （14）.With regular play, our problem-solving and ___________ （15）will be in muchbetter shape to handle this complex world, and we are much more likely to choose ___________ （16）as they arise. It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________ （17）to our daily living.Play can ___________ （18）, curiosity, and creativity. Research shows that play is both a ‘hands-on’ and ‘minds-on’ learning pr ocess. It produces a deeper, ___________ （19）of the world and its possibilities. We begin giving meaning to life through story making, and playing out ___________ （20）.Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. （A）in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over 85 years old.（B）In the United States, there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten years ago.（C）All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.（D）Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2. （A）Whether the centenarians can live independently insmall apartments.（B）Whether it is feasible to establish a villag e for the “oldest old” people.（C）What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.（D）What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy 100-year-old.3. （A）Diet, optimism, activity or mobility, and genetics.（B）Optimism, commitment to interesting things, activity or mobility, and adaptability to loss.（C）The strength to adapt to loss, diet, exercise, and genetics.（D）Diet, exercise, commitment to something they were interested in, and genetics.4. （A）The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.（B）The centenarians basically eat something different.（C）The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie, unprocessed food diet.（D）The centenarians eat spicy food, drink whiskey, and have sweet pork every day.5. （A）Work hard.（B）Stay busy.（C）Stick to a balanced diet.（D）Always find something to laugh about.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. （A）Global temperatures rose by 3 degrees in the 20th century.（B）Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.（C）Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuelsfor transport and power.（D）The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by 2050.7. （A）Taking bribes.（B）Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.（C）Misusing company funds for personal spending.（D）Offering cash for political favors.8. （A）The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.（B）The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.（C）All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have evacuated.（D）The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and heavy casualty.9. （A）6 to 7.（B）8 to 10.（C）11 to 16.（D）17 to 25.10. （A）Curbing high-level corruption.（B）Fighting organized crime.（C）Investigating convictions of criminals.（D）Surveying the threats to national security.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. （A）A wine taster.（B）A master water taster.（C）The host of the show.（D）The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12. （A）Berkeley Springs.（B）Santa Barbara.13. （A）Being saucy and piquant.（B）Tasting sweet.（C）A certain amount of minerals.（D）An absence of taste.14. （A）Looking-smelling-tasting.（B）Tasting-smelling-looking.（C）Smelling-looking-tasting.（D）Tasting-looking-smelling.15. （A）Bathing.（B）Boiling pasta in.（C）Swimming.（D）Making tea.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. （A）Enhance reading and math skills.（B）Increase the students’ appreciation of nature.（C）Improve math, but not reading skills.（D）Develop reading, but not math skills.17. （A）To help the students appreciate the arts.（B）T o make the students’ education more well-rounded. （C）To investigate the impact of arts training.（D）T o enhance the students’ math skills.18. （A）Once weekly.（D）Twice a month.19. （A）Six months.（B）Seven months.（C）Eight months.（D）Nine months.20. （A）The children’s attitude.（B）The children’s test scores.（C）Both th e children’s attitude and test scores.（D）Both the teachers’ and the children’s attitude.。
新东方：9.13高口听力SD答案发布及点评
9.13⾼级⼝译考试听⼒Spot dictation 参考答案： 1. success of failure 2. more and more Americans are electing 3. boys of girls blossom 4. tend to achieve more 5. strong religious or cultural reasons 6. out of reach 7. costly private school 8. separating the sexes 9. many girls get short change 10. positive exuberant attitude 11. watch their male peers 12. begin to gain confidence 13. such a fragile time 14. an obsession with weight 15. raise a girl’s self-esteem 16. all female schools 17. reinforce the regressive notion 18. has fostered a controversy 19. question the validity 20. such thing as separate by equal 新东⽅分析： 按照新东⽅上课所讲做题步骤，⾸先，抓住主题，通过⾸段和每段⾸句找出出现多次的School，并符号化为⼤写S. 因为主题词很可能在20个空格中再次出现，本次考试共出现了两次。
第⼆步，应标出相邻很近两个空格的前⼀个。
在近期的新东⽅⼝译考前模考讲评及冲刺串讲中，我将考试历年听写题的三个速记必考点（开头法、去元⾳法和两词合成）和历年出现的“黄⾦⾼频词”为⼤家作了总结（其中在本次考试出现的已⽤红字标出）。
2004年9月翻译资格英语高级口译笔试真题
2004年9月翻译资格英语高级口译笔试真题Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this pa rt of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage withblanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the ward or words you have heard on the tape. Writeyour answer in the correspo nding spa ce in you ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hearthe passage only once.Travelling by air is one of the maj or conveniences of modern times. So last summer whenwe planned a holiday abroad, we decided to take advantage of such a modern, convenient_______ (1).We began preparations for our trip early by calling the airline and _______ (2).A few dayslater we received our tickets telling us our flight number and the _______ (3) from our city andarrival at our destination. We were advised to arrive at the airline terminal an hour before takeoffin order to _______ (4) for our flight, receive our _______ (5), and check our baggage. It isimportant not to be late, or you might miss the flight. On the day of the flight, we went to the_______ (6) where we were directed to the _______ (7) of the gate from which the airplanewould depart. As we entered this area we were checked _______ (8). While we were waiting, Inoticed how busy everyone was. The _______ (9) were checkingthe plane for last minuterepairs, and a large truck was fueling the plane with gasoline to make it _______ (10). When our flight was called we _______ (11). We were pleasantly greeted by the flightattendants and offered _______ (12), drinks and food. The weather was good, and there was no_______ (13) to cause us worry or discomfort. Although our flight was _______ (14), during theholidays air travel becomes more hectic. Often airlines sell to many tickets for a flight and arethen _______ (15). Some unlucky passengers will e bumped and _______ (16) on a later flight.Bad weather might also cause a later takeoff, and this delay often _______ (17) at the next stop.One of the most annoying aspects of air travel at holiday season is the possibility of _______(18). I always try to carry with me _______ (19) for several days. On the whole, however,traveling by air is _______ (20). It is fast, safe, and usually reliable.Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this pa rt of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements willbe sp oken ONLY ONCE, and you will not fi nd them written on the paper; so you must listencaref ully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closestin meaning to the statementyou have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosenin the correspond ing spa ce in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) We can meet the chairman later.(B) The chairman rang to say that he would be late.(C) We'd better telephone the chairman now.(D) The chairman turned up half an hour earlier for the board meeting.2. (A) I am considering Mr. Johnson for thejob of accounting manager.(B) I have decided that Mr. Johnson be the branch's accounting manager.(C) Mr. Johnson is interviewing short-listed candidates I have selected for him.(D) Mr. Johnson is eager to take to position although he is not qualified for it.3. (A) I do not weight very much.(B) It was not your fault.(C) This is no way explains the event.(D) The flame of that fire is too high.4. (A) I want Charlie to discontinue his research project.(B) Charlie should be encouraged to work on his research project.(C) It was an honor to be able to do the research project with Charlie.(D) Charlie has a lot of courage to take on such a large research project.5. (A) Health food experts and doctors have been testifying against the increased sales ofVitamin E.(B) Thanks to the lies of health food experts and some doctors, the sales of Vitamin E havedoubled over the past five months.(C) The claims of health food experts and some doctors will help increase the sales ofVitamin E in the next five years.(D) The increased sales of Vitamin E are due to the favorable statements from health foodexperts and doctors.6. (A) Our foreign experts will arrive in September to teach a three-monthextension course.(B) If you have a three-month extension education, you may apply for the position.(C) Your visa will expire three weeks later, so you are not eligible for an extension.(D) Your may get an extension of your visa if you apply in due time.7. (A) The speaker is surprised at the difficulty in developing a treatment for the common cold.(B) The speaker is watching a TV program about the development of science andtechnology in the last two centuries.(C) It took scientists two hundred years to develop an effective cure for the common flu.(D) Scientists gave up efforts in developing a drug to treat the common cold after twohundred years of experiment.8. (A) Graduate students may apply for working on campus, if they are married and unable topay for their school tuition.(B) The university offers on-campus housing to graduate students, if they can meet certainrequirements.(C) If both of you register for this graduate course, you may choose to live in anon-campusapartment for less than 1700 dollars a month.(D) We charge 1700 dollars a month for the MBA course, which includes the provisionof atwo-bedroom on-campus apartment.9. (A) Employees very much enjoy their trip to work.(B) Employees try to cry out to deal with their stress at work.(C) Employees have to commute a long way to work.(D) Employees prefer to live in the suburbs of most US cities.10. (A) The ovens should be dispatched in no longer than two weeks.(B) The ovens should have been returned two weeks ago.(C) The ovens will be brought back for maintenance in 14 days.(D) The ovens have not been assembled until after 14 days.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. Aft ereach of these, you will hear af ew questions. Listen caref ully because you will hear the talk orconversation and questions Only ONCE. When you hear a question, read the f our answerchoices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you havechosen in the correspond ing spa ce in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11-1411. (A) Make some more coffee.(B) Leave for town.(C) Read a newspaper.(D) Offer chocolate biscuits.12. (A) A boy was given a good beating.(B) A man with a knife was killed.(C) Some boys set up their own business.(D) Someone was attacked with a knife.13. (A) It should be abolished.(B) It is no longer effective.(C) It is more time-consuming.(D) It should be reintroduced.14. (A) She needs to cancel an appointment.(B) She intends to dine with Mrs. Brown.(C) She plans to call a taxi.(D) She does not believe what the man has said.Questions 15-1815. (A) Secretary work.(B) Sales.(C) Domestic service.(D) Language teaching.16. (A) People who come in to collect bills every weekend.(B) People employed to do housework during the week.(C) People who give help to foreign students daily.(D) People attending language courses once a week.17. (A) She takes care of the children.(B) She helps clean the house.(C) She lives as one member of the family.(D) She pays for her meals and accommodation.18. (A) She wants to be in Britain to learn English.(B) She enjoys British foods and fruits very much.(C) She thinks that a British family is safer and more convenient.(D) She does not like to live on a British university campus.Questions 19-2219. (A) Because he was worried about the rattling noise from his car.(B) Because he was sure that he would not be overcharged for the repair.(C) Because he had found a loose wire and other things that needed replacing.(D) Because he had made a bargain with the proprietor of the garage.20. (A) In a rented car.(B) In his wife's car.(C) In his own car.(D) In Sampson's car.21. (A) They are all efficient.(B) They are all expensive.(C) They are deceptive and dishonest.(D) They are unfriendly toward car-owners.22. (A) They refuse to be members of the trade union.(B) They seldom offer emergency repairs to car-owners.(C) They would not allow car-owners to stand by and watch.(D) They cannot do a goodjob when the car-owner is in the shop.Questions 23-2623. (A) A wide road built by the Chinese government.(B) A British concession in Shanghai.(C) The original name for the Yangtze River.(D) A small river parallel to the city wall.24. (A) They set up concessions along some of the rivers.(B) They sold imported fruits to local people.(C) They built toll bridges across the rivers.(D) They ruled the area according to European traditions.25. (A) Because it was a river of strategic importance for military maneuvers.(B) Because it was located between concessions and Chinese-run areas.(C) Because there was many commercial buildings on either side of its banks.(D) Because it was so deep that the foreign cargo ships could go up to unload.26. (A) To purchase something from their fellow countrymen.(B) To bargain with native small-business people.(C) To draft contracts or documents for European merchants.(D) To communicate with people from European countries.Questions 27-3027. (A) Some thieves broke into her house.(B) She had an accident during her night shift.(C) Her car broke down and she had to walk home.(D) She had valuable things stolen while she was away on duty.28. (A) The two watches and a few earrings.(B) Her car in front of the window.(C) The Japanese-styled box on the dressing table.(D) The stereo system and the television set in the lounge.29. (A) In her purse.(B) In her car.(C) In her desk.(D) In her dressing table.30. (A) Because they couldn t find any cash.(B) Because they saw the woman drive back.(C) Because they planned to be in and out very quickly.(D) Because they noticed that the woman had only a black-and-white TV set.Part C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this pa rt of the test, you will hear 5 sentences inEnglish. You will hear thesentences ONLY ONCE. Aft er you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and writeyour version in the correspond ing spa ce in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this pa rt of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear thepassages ONLY ONCE. Aft er you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and writeyour version in the correspond ing sp ace in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes whileyou are listening.(1)(2)Directions: In this section, you will read severalpassages. Each passage is f ollowed by severalquestions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A) , (B), (C) or (D) , to eachquestion. Answer all the questions f ollowing each passage on the basis of what is stated orimp lied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the correspond ingspa ce in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5Last year more than a million and a half foreign tourists visited the United States. In order to understand intercultural problems better, and perhaps to find ways to improve the American image abroad, a reporter recently interviewed someof these visitors as they were leaving to return home. He especially wanted to find out their first impressions of the United States, what places they most enjoyed visiting, and some of their likes and dislikes.As far as first impressions are concerned, almost all of the foreigners were impressed by the tremendous size of the country. The United States, of course, is a large country. The distance between San Francisco and New York is about the same as that between Gibraltar and Baghdad.Indeed, the entire Mediterranean Sea could easily fit within the country's borders. Even expecting this, foreigners who visit the United States for the first time are overwhelmed by the vast distances. Apparently to be believed, such distances have to be traveld. The foreign visitors were also impressed by the range of climate and the variety of scenery in the country. Many were amazed todiscover that, in the same day, they could travel from the snowy cold of New England winter to the sunny warmth of Florida sunshine. Even in the single state of California, they could find sandy beaches, rocky shores, tropical vegetation, hot dry deserts, redwood forests, and towering snow-capped mountains. They were also impressed by the informal friendliness of Americans. Whether on buses, trains, planes, or at vacation or scenic resorts, there visitors generally agreed that they had been greeted warmly. On the other hand, some reported that hotel clerks, waiters, and taxi drivers were often unsympathetic, impatient, and rude. The most common complaint of all was that so few Americans can speak any language but English, and some foreign visitors claimed that they had difficulty understanding the American accent.1. What does "this" in "Even expecting this…" (para.2, line 11) refer to?(A) The distance between San Francisco and New York.(B) The vastness of the country.(C) The size of the Mediterranean Sea.(D) The country's borders.2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?(A) New England winters are cold.(B) Some taxi drivers are impolite.(C) The U.S.A is a popular place for tourists.(D) Hotel staff are often sympathetic.3. New England is located _______.(A) in the south west of the US(B) to the south of California(C) in the northeast of the US(D) to the west of Florida4. What made the most negative impression on foreign visitors?(A) The country's vastness.(B) The informal friendliness of Americans.(C) The fact that the American accent is hard to understand.(D) The fact that not many Americans can speak a foreign language.5. The overall purpose of this passage is to _______.(A) demonstrate the cultural differences between America and Europe(B) indicate ways to improve the American image abroad(C) describe the general impression of foreign visitors on America(D) criticize some behaviors of American taxi driversQuestions 6-10A million motorists leave their cars full up with petrol and with the keys in the ignition every day. The vehicles are sitting in petrolstations while drivers pay for their fuel. The Automobile Association (AA) has discovered that cars are left unattended for an average three minutes — and sometimes considerably longer —as drivers buy drinks, sweets, cigarettes and other consumer items — and then pay at the cash till. With payment by the credit card more and more common, it is not unusually for a driver to be out of his car foras long as six minutes, providing the car thief with a golden opportunity.In an exclusive AA survey, carried out at a busy garage on a main road out of London, 300 motorists were questioned over three days of the holiday period. Twenty four percent admitted that they 'always' or 'sometimes' leave the keys in their car. This means that nationwide, a million cars daily become easy targets for the opportunist thief.For more than ten years there has been a bigger rise in car crime than in most other types of crime. An average of more than two cars a minute are broken into, vandalized or stolen in the UK. Car crime accounts for almost a third of all reported offences with no signs that the trend is slowing down.Although there are highly professional criminals involved in car theft, almost 90 percent of car crime is committed by the opportunist. Amateur thieves are aided by our own carelessness.When AA engineers surveyed on town center car park last year, ten percent of the cars checked were unlocked, a figure backed by a Home Office national survey that found 12 percent of drivers sometimes left their cars unlocked. The AA recommends locking up whenever you leave the car —and for however short a period. A partially open sun-roof or window is a further come-on to thieves.There are many other traps to avoid. The Home Office has found little awareness among drives about safe parking. Most motorists questioned made no efforts to avoid among drives about safe parking. Most motorists questioned made no efforts to avoid parking in quiet spots away from street lights —just the places thieves love. The AA advises drivers to park in places with people around —thieves don't like audiences. Leaving valuables in view is an invitation to the criminals.A Manchester Probationary Service research project, which interviewed almost100 car thieves last year, found many would investigate a coat thrown on a seat. Never leave anydocuments showing your home address in the car. If you have a garage, use it and lock it — agarage car is at substantially less risk.6. Which of the following statements is NOT true?(A) The use of credit cards may increase the risk of car theft.(B) It is advised that the drivers take car keys with them.(C) Most cars are stolen by professional thieves.(D) The AA advises that motorists leave their cars locked.7. Where in the passage does the author mention leaving valuables in view is an invitation tothe criminals?(A) The first paragraph.(B) The second paragraph.(C) The third paragraph.(D) The last paragraph.8. The car theft is due to all of the following EXCEPT _______.(A) people's carelessness(B) unawareness of safe parking(C) coat left on the car seat(D) poor quality of a car lock9. In order to prevent car theft, people are recommended to _______.(A) park cars in quiet places(B) use a garage and lock it(C) leave a spare car key at home(D) become a member of AA10. The main purpose of this passage is to _______.(A) analyse the car theft rise in Britain(B) report the survey results by AA(C) suggest the ways to investigate car theft(D) compare car crime with other types of crimeQuestions 11-15Travellers arriving at Heathrow airport this year have been met by the smell of freshly-cut grass, pumped from a discreet corner via an 'aroma box', a machine which blows warm, scented air into the environment. It can scent the area of an average high street shop with the smell of the chocolate, freshly-cut grass, or sea breezes, in fact any synthetic odours that can be made tosmell like the real thing.Heathrow's move into 'sensory' marketing is the latest in a longline of attempts by businesses to use sensory psychology —the scientific study of the effects of the senses on our behaviour to help sell products. Marketing people call this 'atmospherics' —using sounds orsmells to manipulate consumer behaviour. On Valentine's Day two years ago the chain of chemist's Superdog scented one of its London shops with chocolate. The smell of chocolate is supposed to have the effect of reducing concentration and making customers relax. 'Chocolate is associated with love', said a marketing spokeswoman, 'we thought it would get people in the mood for romance.' She did not reveal, though, whether the smell actually made people spend more money. However, research into customer satisfaction with certain scented products has clearly shown that small does have a commercial effect, though of course it must be an appropriate smell. In a survey, customers considered a lemon-scented detergent more effective than another scented with coconut despite the fact that the detergent used in both was identical. On the other hand, a coconut-scented suntan lotion was rated more effective that a lemon-scented one. A research group from Washington University reported that the smell of mint or orange sprayed in a store resulted in customers rating the store as more modern and more pleasant for shoppingthan other stores without the smell. Customers also rated the goods on sale as better, and expressed a stronger intention to visit the store again in thefuture.Music too has long been used in supermarkets for marketing purposes. Supermarkets are aware, for example, that slow music causes customers to stay longer in the shop(and hopefully buy more things). At Leicester University psychologists have found that a specific kind of music can influence consumer behaviour. In a supermarket French wine sold at the rate of 76%compared to 20% German wine when French accordion music was played. The same thing happened in reverse when German Bierkeller music was played. In one American study people even bought more expensive wines when classical music was played instead of country music.Writers and poets have often described the powerful effects of smell on our emotions, and smell is often considered to be the sense most likely to evoke emotion-filled memories. Researchsuggests however that this is a myth and that a photography or a voice is just as likely to evoke a memory as a smell. Perhaps the reason for this myth is because smells, as opposed to sights and sounds, are very difficult to give a name to. The fact that smell is invisible, and thus somehow more mysterious, may partly explain its reputation as our most emotional sense.11. What is the use of "aroma box" at Heathrow airport?(A) It can scent a lot of synthetic fragrance into the environment.(B) It is a machine which blows warm and fresh air into the environment.(C) It often pumps the smell of freshly-cut grass from a high-street shop.(D) It is a box which sends out not only aroma but also music.12. Who might benefits most from "atmospherics" in the "sensory" marketing?(A) Psychologists.(B) Customers.(C) Shop owners.(D) The research groups.13. Research into customer satisfaction showed that _______.(A) the right smell made people think a product was better(B) people preferred the smell of lemon to coconut(C) certain smells could make people dislike a shop(D) customers rated the goods on sale as more inviting14. The use of music in supermarkets _______.(A) may lead customers to pay more of a product(B) can increase sales of a specific product(C) makes people buy more foreign wine(D) causes customers to buy more from in the shop15. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?(A) Smell is the most emotional of the senses.(B) Smell stimulates our memory more than the other senses.(C) Smell is considered to be mysterious, as it is untouchable.(D) Smell is the most difficult sense to identify.Questions 16-20 papers.htmThe danger of misinterpretation is greatest, of course, among speakers who actually speak different native tongues, or come from different cultural backgrounds, because cultural difference necessarily implies differentassumptions about natural and obvious ways to be polite.Anthropologist Thomas Kochman gives the example of a white office worker who appeared with a bandaged arm and felt rejected because her black fellow worker didn't mention it. The doubly wounded worker assumed that her silent colleague didn't notice or didn't care. But the co-worker was purposely not calling attention to something her colleague might not want to talk about. She let her decide whether or not to mention it, being considerate by not imposing. Kochman says, based on his research, that these differences reflect recognizable black and white styles.An American woman visiting England was repeatedly offended — even,on bad days, enraged — when the British ignored her in settingin which she thought they should pay attention. For example, she was sitting at a booth in a railway-station cafeteria. A couple began to settle into the opposite seat in the same booth. They unloaded their luggage; they laid their coats on the seat; he asked what she would like to eat and went off to get it; she slid into the booth facing the American. And throughout all this, they showed no sign of having noticed that someone was already sitting in the booth.When the British woman lit up a cigarette, the American had a concrete obj ect for her anger. She began ostentatiously looking around for another table to move to. Of course there was none; that's why the British couple had sat in her booth in the first place. The smoker immediatelycrushed out her cigarette and apologized. This showed that she had noticed that someone else was sitting in the booth, and that she was not inclined to disturb her. But then she went back tobpretending the American wasn't there, a ruse in which her husband collaborated when he returned with their food and they ate it.To the American, politeness requires talk between strangers forced to share a booth in a cafeteria, if only a fleeting "Do you mind if I sit down?" or a conventional, "Is anyone sitting here?" even if it's obvious no one is.The omission of such talk seemed to her like dreadful rudeness. The American couldn't see that another system of politeness was at work. By not acknowledging here presence, the British couple freed her from the obligation to acknowledge theirs. The American expected a show of involvement; they were being polite by not imposing.An American man who had lived for years in Japan explained a similar politeness ethic. He lived, as many Japanese do, in extremely close quarters — a tiny room separated from neighbouring rooms by paper-thin walls. In this case the walls were literally made of paper. In order to preserve privacy in this most unprivate situation, his Japanese neighbour with the door open, they steadfastly glued their gaze ahead as if they were alone in a desert. The American confessed to feeling what I believe most American would feel if a next-door neighbour passed within a few feet without acknowledging their presence — snubbed. But he realized that the intention was not rudeness by omitting to show involvement, but politeness by not imposing.The fateof the earth depends on cross-cultural communication. Nations must reach agreements, and agreements are made by individual representatives of nations sitting down and talking to each other —public analogues of private conversation. The processes are the same, and so are the pitfalls. Only the possible consequences are more extreme.16. In Thomas Kochman's example, when the white office worker appeared with a bandagedarm, why did her colleague keep silent?(A) Because she didn't care about her white colleague at all.(B) Because she was considerate by imposing on her.(C) Because she didn't want to embarrass her white colleague.(D) Because she was aware of their different cultural backgrounds.17. What is the best definition for the word "imposing" in paragraph 2?(A) Unreasonably expecting someone to do something.(B) Using your authority to make sure a rule is kept.(C) Acting in a grand, impressive way.(D) Causing troubles to oneself.18. Which of the following can he concluded from the passage?(A) The British would like to avoid talking to strangers in public.(B) The American would like to be imposed in different settings.(C) The British expect a small talk between strangers who are forced to share a booth in acafeteria.(D) The American enjoy being ignored in unfamiliar settings.19. What seems to be 'Japanese' behaviour in order to preserve privacy in close quarters?(A) They would separate their rooms by paper-thin walls.(B) They act as if they have never known someone living next to them.(C) They are very friendly and considerate to their neighbours.(D) They pull their face long and glue steadfastly their gaze ahead.20. Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?(A) An American Woman's Overseas Experience(B) The Cultural Wave(C) Mixed Metamesssage across Cultures(D) Pitfalls and Possible ConsequencesQuestions 21-25Local government in Britain is the responsibility of elected local authorities, which provide local services under specific powers conferred by Parliament. Government on a local basis can be traced back at least 1,000 years, but this concept of a comprehensive system of councilslocally elected to manage various services provided for the benefit of the community was first cooperated into law in the late nineteenth century. The local authorities' maj or responsibilities nowadays include education, housing, the police, environmental health, personal social services, trafficadministration, town。
9月上海英语翻译资格高级口译听力真题完整版
9月上海英语翻译资格高级口译听力真题完整版Part A: Spot DictationWas it envisioned for the euro to eventually become such a strong currency that it could compete with the dollar on a global level? Or was that a dream then and is it still a dream now?I think it was an attainable dream, and it is becoming actually, in some ways, less attainable right now.You may ask why?Well, the dream to give credit where credit is due was not only advocated by some European officials but by some American economists, including our Institute’s director, Fred Bergsten, who was way out in the front with that. Richard Portes, who teaches at London Business School, also was way out in front with that. And they were very much against the tide of people like Martin Feldstein and others in London and the United States who were very skeptical towards the euro.At face value, the euro area is the same size in GDP as the United States, roughly speaking. The euro area does have very large and deep financial markets, although the more you look in detail, there are still some things there that differentiate it from the United States. And the euro area has delivered price stability. They have a very low rate of inflation pretty consistently. So you put those three things together, on paper it looks like the euro should be at least a very clear second to the dollar in investor’s portfolios, in government reserve holdings, in how much you invoice trade like oil or planes or things like that.But what our research finds in this book -- in particular in good chapters by Kristin Forbes and Linda Goldberg -- is the fact that if you look under the hood a bit, there is ahuge shortfall between what you would expect just based on size and how much the euro is used. So there’s an awful lot of trade that’s still invoiced in dollars, not in euros, even between countries that are not dollar countries. There are huge amounts of financial flows that come to the United States, and the depth of European assets and financial flows is not commensurate with the size.【解析】本文节选自Growing Pains for the Euro。
高级口译考试评分标准详解
高级口译考试评分标准详解听力部分：1. 听力Spot Dictation20个空，每个1.5分，只有名、动、形、副词直接扣分，视该次考试的标准及该单词在词组中的重要程度扣分，比如，a vital element如果vital没写，扣0．5分，element 同理，如果a不写，不直接扣，教师在卷面做标注，比如红点，然后20个格子阅完后视标注情况整体再扣1-3分。
不是很严重的拼写错误不扣分，比如resistant写成resident。
允许适当连笔书写，只要不影响老师的评改。
2. 听力选择共20题，每题1分，共计20分。
3. 听力Note-taking & Gap-filling所听的内容文字长度为700词左右，语速为每分钟170词左右，听一遍。
在给出的长度为200词左右的所听内容的概述中，有20个空白要求考生填写，每空填一个词。
20格，每格1分，答案基本是确定的，有限的，阅卷标准会给出可以接受的近义词，比如答案是decrease，那么凡是写到下降这个意思的词，都可以考虑算对，这些词会由阅卷指导委员会给出。
4. 听译Sentence & Passage translation句子翻译每句3分，也是整体评分，比如通读译文，大致给出是0，1，2，3档，这个标准与第二试的口译一致，要求给出大意，及主要的细节；要求逐字对应，不得出现严重误译，反译。
举个简单例子，原文是Britain witnessed sharp increase in its criminal activities from l999 to 2003。
如果译文是1999-2003年间英国犯罪率上升了。
那么基本是满分3分，不强求要把sharp体现出来，而witness目睹了这个意思也不用很精确。
如果写成1999-2002，扣0．5，如果没写出犯罪率或者犯罪案件这个概念，得分不超过1分，因为意思都不对了。
如果把increase译成了犯罪率下降，起码扣1分。
英语翻译高级口译-听写题(五)
英语翻译高级口译-听写题(五)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Spot Dictation{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}A{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Today's topic is the heather moors of Scotland. It's a sight that is {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}itself: the heather blooming on the moors {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}. But it is one that is becoming far less common. Rather alarmingly, the moors {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and nowadays only {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}is covered with heather, whereas in the not too distant past, this area was much greater, in the 1940s there was {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}heather than there is today.Why should any of this matter? Aside from the fact that {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}, does heather have any other value? The answer must be an emphatic yes. First of all, {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}would be very hard pressed to survive without it. In fact, twenty-one species are {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Secondly, the heather moors provide the backdrop for certain sports such as deer stalking, which constitute {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}for the rural economy. Thirdly, this small bushy plant features prominently among {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and as is the case in many countries today, tourism is an important source of revenue {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}.So, if the heather moors are {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}to Scotland, why have they been allowed to shrink so drastically? To a certain extent, the damage is due to mismanagement and {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the part of landowners: {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}is one of the major factors that have contributed to {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the heather moors. On top of that, large tracts have been cleared so that {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}.It is becoming increasingly obvious that something should be done to {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}as soon as possible. Now, there is no disputing the fact that {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}over a long period has been one of the main causes of the problem, so there is no reason why {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}to manage the heather moors properly shouldn't likewise bring positive results. Such programmes have recently got under way in certain areas, although it could be several years before {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.Today's topic is the heather moors of Scotland. It's a sight that is {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}itself: the heather blooming on the moors {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}. But it is one that is becoming far less common. Rather alarmingly, the moors {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and nowadays only {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}is covered with heather, whereas in the not too distant past, this area was much greater, in the 1940s there was {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}heather than there is today.Why should any of this matter? Aside from the fact that {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}, does heather have any other value? The answer must be an emphatic yes. First of all, {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}would be very hard pressed to survive without it. In fact, twenty-one species are {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Secondly, the heather moors provide the backdrop for certain sports such as deer stalking, which constitute {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}for the rural economy. Thirdly, this small bushy plant features prominently among {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and as is the case in many countries today, tourism is an important source of revenue {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}.So, if the heather moors are {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}to Scotland, why have they been allowed to shrink so drastically? To a certain extent, the damage is due to mismanagement and {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the part of landowners: {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}is one of the major factors that have contributed to {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the heather moors. On top of that, large tracts have been cleared so that {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}.It is becoming increasingly obvious that something should be done to {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}as soon as possible. Now, there is no disputing the fact that {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}over a long period has been one of the main causes of the problem, so there is no reason why {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}to manage the heather moors properly shouldn't likewise bring positive results. Such programmes have recently got under way in certain areas, although it could be several years before {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.（分数：50.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a symbol of Scotland）解析：[听力原文] Today's topic is the heather moors of Scotland. It's a sight that is a symbol of Scotland itself, the heather blooming on the moors in all its purple glory. But it is one that is becoming far less common. Rather alarmingly, the moors have shrunk drastically, and nowadays only about a tenth of the land is covered with heather, whereas in the not too distant past, this area was much greater, in the 1940s there was twenty-five percent more heather than there is today.Why should any of this matter? Aside from the fact that it looks picturesque, does heather have any other value? The answer must be an emphatic yes. First of all, quite a number of rare birds would be very hard pressed to survive without it. In fact, twenty-one species are associated solely with heather. Secondly, the heather moors provide the backdrop for certain sports such as deer stalking, which constitute an important source of income for the rural economy. Thirdly, this small bushy plant features prominently among the country's tourist attractions, and as is the case in many countries today, tourism is an important source of revenue for Scotland's economy. So, if the heather moors are of such great value to Scotland, why have they been allowed to shrink so drastically? To a certain extent, the damage is due to mismanagement and a short-sighted attitude on the part of landowners, overgrazing by sheep is one of the major factors that have contributed to the deterioration of the heather moors. On top of that, large tracts have been cleared so that trees could be planted. It is becoming increasingly obvious that something should be done to halt this decline as soon as possible. Now, there is no disputing the fact that abuse of the land over a long period has been one of the main causes of the problem, so there is no reason why large-scale projects to manage the heather moors properly shouldn't likewise bring positive results. Such programmes have recently got under way in certain areas, although it could be several years before the results become apparent.填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：in all its purple glory）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：have shrunk drastically）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：about a tenth of the land）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：twenty-five percent more）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：it looks picturesque）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：quite a number of rare birds）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：associated solely with heather）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：an important source of income）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the country's tourist attractions）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：for Scotland's economy）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：of such great value）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a short-sighted attitude）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：overgrazing by sheep）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the deterioration）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：trees could be planted）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：halt this decline）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：abuse of the land）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：large-scale projects）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the results become apparent）解析：三、{{B}}B{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00)The euro was established 10 years ago. On its 10th anniversary, we're in the midst of {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}. You may ask. Has the euro, which was controversial when it was established, helped Europe and the world {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}?That's a really good question, because the euro as you say was not only controversial, it was {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The idea of a bunch of countries getting together, pooling their sovereignty to {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}rather than having a currency imposed when they get conquered or something, was very new and still {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}elsewhere.The short answer is yes. For the euro's own members and for the system of the world as a whole, the euro has been a good thing and {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Countries in the eurozone, particularly countries like Greece, Italy and Portugal, which would have seen {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}shoot through the roof and capital flee out of them, have had very little of that as {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Their interest rates have {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}but nothing like they would have if these countries {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. By the same token, {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}—Germany, France, and so on—are suffering less from {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}of their neighbor countries and their closest trading partners because {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}.On a global perspective, it's a little less of {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. There has certainly been no harm from the euro, and it has been {{U}} {{U}}15 {{/U}} {{/U}}. It probably helps maintain a general sense of {{U}} {{U}}16 {{/U}} {{/U}}in the world. The reason I'm just being a little bit hesitant, and this is the theme of our new book, is that we feel the euro could {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}, both regionally to help those European countries outside the euro area, particularly in crisis {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and globally in terms of backing up and in some ways partnering or even {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}in global leadership. That's where we feel {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.The euro was established 10 years ago. On its 10th anniversary, we're in the midst of {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}. You may ask. Has the euro, which was controversial when it was established, helped Europe and the world {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}?That's a really good question, because the euro as you say was not only controversial, it was {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The idea of a bunch of countries getting together, pooling their sovereignty to {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}rather than having a currency imposed when they get conquered or something, was very new and still {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}elsewhere.The short answer is yes. For the euro's own members and for the system of the world as a whole, the euro has been a good thing and {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Countries in the eurozone, particularly countries like Greece, Italy and Portugal, which would have seen {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}shoot through the roof and capital flee out of them, have had very little of that as {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Their interest rates have {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}but nothing like they would have if these countries {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. By the same token, {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}—Germany, France, and so on—are suffering less from {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}of their neighbor countries and their closest trading partners because {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}.On a global perspective, it's a little less of {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. There has certainly been no harm from the euro, and it has been {{U}} {{U}}15 {{/U}} {{/U}}. It probably helps maintain a general sense of {{U}} {{U}}16 {{/U}} {{/U}}in the world. The reason I'm just being a little bit hesitant, and this is the theme of our new book, is that we feel the euro could {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}, both regionally to help those European countries outside the euro area, particularly in crisis {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and globally in terms of backing up and in some ways partnering or even {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}in global leadership. That's where we feel {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.（分数：50.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a global financial crisis）解析：[听力原文] The euro was established 10 years ago. On its 10th anniversary, we're in the midst of a global financial crisis. You may ask. Has the euro, which was controversial when it was established, helped Europe and the world cope with the crisis? That's a really good question, because the euro as you say was not only controversial, it was totally new territory. The idea of a bunch of countries getting together, pooling their sovereignty to create a new currency rather than having a currency imposed when they get conquered or something, was very new and still hasn'tbeen replicated elsewhere, The short answer is yes. For the euro's own members and for the system of the world as a whole, the euro has been a good thing and has performed very well. Countries in the eurozone, particularly countries like Greece, Italy and Portugal, which would have seen their interest rates shoot through the roof and capital flee out of them, have had very little of that as members of the euro area. Their interest rates have gone up somewhat but nothing like they would have if these countries had dropped out. By the same token, the major economies within Europe—Germany, France, and so on—are suffering less from competitive devaluations or depreciations of their neighbor countries and their closest trading partners because they're in the eurozone. On a global perspective, it's a little less of a slam dunk. There has certainly been no harm from the euro, and it has been a story of relative stability. It probably helps maintain a general sense of price stability in the world. The reason I'm just being a little bit hesitant, and this is the theme of our new book, is that we feel the euro could play a much more important role, both regionally to help those European countries outside the euro area, particularly in crisis in Eastern Europe, and globally in terms of backing up and in some ways partnering or even rivaling a bit the dollar in global leadership. That's where we feel the euro is letting us down. 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：cope with the crisis）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：totally new territory）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：create a new currency）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：hasn't been replicated）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：has performed very well）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：their interest rates）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：members of the euro area）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：gone up somewhat）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：had dropped out）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the major economies within Europe）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：competitive devaluations or depreciations）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：they're in the eurozone）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a slam dunk）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a story of relative stability）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：price stability）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：play a much more important role）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：in Eastern Europe）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：rivaling a bit the dollar）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the euro is letting us down）解析：。
2011年9月高级口译考试真题及答案汇总
以下是考试⼤⼝译笔译站点考后第⼀时间为您整理的2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译真题、答案、解析，供参考。
2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试真题、答案、点评汇总听⼒2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分真题下半场(沪江版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题Listening Comprehension2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题spot dictation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试上半场听⼒下载(mp3)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试下半场听⼒下载(mp3)翻译2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题及答案passage translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试翻译真题(英译汉)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题、答案sentence translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译答案(下半场汉译英)阅读2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼀篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼆篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第三篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第四篇原⽂(昂⽴)题⽬出处2011年⾼级⼝译笔试听⼒原⽂出处：传统医学2011.9⾼级⼝译笔试阅读原题出处: 欧洲为何不再举⾜轻重点评2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译上半场总评(昂⽴版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒新闻题权威讲评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒NTGF点评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分Spot Dictation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒Listening Comprehension 4评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译passage translation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译下半场汉译英评析 答案2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试答案解析(完整版)。
2007年9月高级口译听力真题
2007年9月高级口译听力真题【Spot Dictation】Good afternoon, everybody. I'm pleased to be here with you, graduates of 2007. I'm a ________ (1), and students often approach me with ________ (2). You see, we are living in a society of great changes. With the presence of ________ (3), the process of getting a job in today's world has changed for ________ (4).Well, how can you use new technologies to help you? First, let's look at how you ________ (5). The traditional method of hunting for a job in the past required first, doing research on jobs that were ________ (6), typically by looking in newspapers, periodicals and magazines, as well as TV ads, and ________ (7). Then you decided where and for what post you were going to apply, put your resume ________ (8) in a stamped envelope, and waited anxiously for someone to ________ (9).Well, today, maybe the job search and ________ (10) are very much the same, but the tools used are much more advanced, and they ________ (11). In fact, technology has not so much changed the process as enhanced it. The benefit, both for ________ (12), is that this makes the search more open to people of ________ (13) from all over the world. But as more people are involved, it becomes ________ (14) for the applicant than it ever was before.The ________ (15) for the working world today is learning these new and ________ (16) and combining them with the older methods people have been using for years. For example, ________ (17), you can research employment not just in your city, but also in your state, your country, and ________ (18). You can copy information from a web page and paste it into a Microsoft Word document that's easy to ________ (19). In many ways, it's easier now: Just type your job application, click, and ________ (20); it gets there in an instant.【Listening Comprehension】Listening Comprehension 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) Entertainment on TV.(B) The news in the US.(C) Being a correspondent.(D) Interpreting news.2. (A) The news is just entertainment.(B) The news is shallow.(C) The news gets reported in the same style.(D) The news is boring.3. (A) The news offers easy information that doesn't mean much to you.(B) The news makes you feel like you're learning, but actually you're not.(C) The news is just another popular entertainment program like a sitcom.(D) The news must be presented by physically attractive ladies.4. (A) More entertaining.(B)More in-depth.(C)Less informative.(D) Less interesting.5. (A) Newspapers. (B) Radio.(C) TV. (D) The Internet.Listening Comprehension 2Question 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) A trade show of the latest sporting goods is on display.(B) An event for team sports is held with the country's best athletes.(C) A spring market fair for cutting equipment and accessories is open.(D) A business rendezvous is scheduled between VIPs and the best athletes.7. (A) Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 and Mozilla Firefox 2.(B) SnapBack, a private browser that does not store individual information.(C) A built-in RSS reader to quickly scan the latest news and information.(D) Safari 3, the world's fastest and easiest-to-use web browser.8. (A) Heavy rain triggered floods which caused heavy casualties and damage.(B) Harsh drought had been going on for several years and killed some people.(C) 23 people were missing after a storm hit a village in the mountainous province.(D) Authorities were searching for the people who had crossed the border from other countries.9. (A) Two soldiers hijacked a jet plane full of passengers in flight.(B) The hijackers were captured after killing one of the hostages.(C) A military unit arrested the hijackers with no one injured or killed.(D) The hijacked plane landed safely at an airport in a neighboring country.10. (A) $683.30. (B) $ 900, 000.(C) C$1 million. (D) C$2 million.Listening Comprehension 3Questions 11-15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) TV programs.(B) Media coverage on crime.(C) The school system.(D) Juvenile crime.12. (A) The problem has been overdone by the media.(B) The messages the kids get make them like that.(C) The school has not done enough to help the kids.(D) Some kids are essentially violent.13. (A) Giving the kids a more caring environment.(B) Setting up a responsible school system.(C) Taking harsh actions against violence in the school.(D) Keeping the kids under one-to-one surveillance.14. (A) Do supervised activities.(B) Take instructional programs.(C) Stay in school for supper.(D) Go in for sports.15. (A) Because they can help set good role models.(B) Because they can stop white-collar crime.(C) Because they can reduce crime.(D) Because they can make criminals feel fair.Listening Comprehension 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. (A) Workplace inequality.(B) Sexism in language.(C) The AIDS crisis.(D) The way the mass media treats women.17. (A) Language and thought definitely influence each other.(B) It is impossible to understand the relationship between the two.(C) What we think certainly determines what we say.(D) What we say very probably affects what we think.18. (A) The professional world.(B) The United Nations publications.(C) The international women's organization.(D) The feminist movement.19. (A) Nouns don't have a gender in English.(B) Spanish nouns have two genders.(C) German nouns are either masculine or feminine.(D) The issues of gender vary across-languages.20. (A) How some publications avoid sexist language.(B) Why we have to avoid sexism in English.(C) The efforts we have already taken to eliminate sexism.(D) The gender issues in different languages.【Note taking & Gap filling】Today's lecture is about the mass ________ (1) of the world's population. There are two major ________ (2) why people are moving to cities. The first reason is ________ (3). People are moving to the cities because that's where they can find ________ (4) and earn money. The second reason for the move to cities has to do with ________ (5) of life issues: comfort and ________ (6). Cities often offerbetter ________ (7). And then for many, city life is just more ________ (8). An interesting consequence of urbanization is that the average ________ (9) of people in the countryside is increasing, while that of the cities is ________ (10).Three key ________ (11) can be identified in our cities. First of all, they're getting bigger. Most cities are bigger now than ever before. Cities are also changing shape. They're getting ________ (12), because land is getting more and more expensive. ________ (13) have become a symbol of modern cities.Cities are also changing shape in other ways. The ________ (14) Model and The ________ (15) Nuclei Model are probably more typical of the cities we know today. They show the urban ________ (16) that's occurring in contemporary cities.The third change is that our cities are breaking up into ________ (17) communities, often by ________ (18) group or ________ (19) level. This often means that people stay within their community and do not come into contact with others from different ________ (20).Sentence Translation(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)Passage translation(1)(2)。
2014年9月听力
Spot DictationThe subject of today’s lecture is culture shock: group pressure in action. Culture shock, as you know, is the term used to describe the experience many people have when they travel to another country, and it can be seen as a manifestation of group pressure in action. It is a good example of group pressure, because it shows what happens when an individual suddenly experiences different culture rules, the rules of another cultural group.Now culture shock is complex phenomenon, but I’m going to focus on three main ideas in this lecture. First of all, we will consider the reasons why people experience culture shock.Secondly, I will describe the different stages of this experience. Finally, I’ll mention some possible applications of this research, because although you might think that culture shock effects, say, only travellers that is not the case. In fact, cross-cultural studies have immense practical value for modern society.First, then, why do people experience culture shock? Think about this for a minute. When you grow up in a particular set of surroundings, naturally you get used to the rules and guidelines that govern the behavior. of the people around you. In a sense, you become totally dependent on the rules of your social group. You tend to ques articulated, and therefore, you’re not aware of their impact. In other words, tion them; you just accept them without thinking. These rules are often not clearlyyou are not necessarily conscious of them.They only become important when, for example, you go to another country or a different environment that’s governed by a different set of rules. In fact, this experience can be so shocking that it has been compared to having a bucket of cold water thrown over you.Culture shock happens precisely because you cannot use your own culture as a map to guide your own behavior. and your own understanding of what surrounds you. You’re totally out of control, just as if you were driving along a highway in the dark, without a road map. And because of this, people often behave irrationally. It’s a highly stressful experience, and there are different symptom in different stages.【注释】这篇Spot Dictation难度适中，没有非常生僻的单词。
中级口译spot dictation真题+评析
9月中级口译spot dictation真题+评析2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，考后考试大将为考生第一时间提供真题、解析、答案，敬请关注。
本文内容为2011年9月中级口译spot dictation真题。
Spot DictationIn America there are no nobles or men of letters, and the common folk mistrust the wealthy; Consequently lawyers form the highest political class and the most cultivated circle of society. They have therefore nothing to gain by innovation, which adds a conservative interest to their natural taste for public order. If I were asked where I place the American aristocracy, I should reply without hesitation that it is not composed of the rich, who are united together by no common tie, but that it occupies the judicial bench and the bar.When I started researching this topic, I found an interesting website “Legal Reform Now”. As the n ame suggests, this website is devoted to legal reform and it is definitely concerned about the dominance of lawyers in American government. There I read an article by a political science professor from the university of Wisconsin. One observation the UW article confirms is that the legal profession is the dominant profession of the people re-elect to public office. For example, about half our representatives and two-thirds of our senators are lawyers. No other profession comes close to having the same the number of people in political office. Effectively, lawyers form our nation’s most powerful organized political constituency in America. Lawyers make our laws and lawyers interpret our laws. When judges are appointed, the American bar association is the only professional organization that is consulted to rate the fitness of potential judicial appointees. Our nation has been in existence for over 200 years and lawyers have been this nation’s aristocracy since its formation. Oursystem works, but do we really want to have a single profession in charge of our nation? Specifically, do we want to have the legal profession in charge? Next time you vote, that’s something to think about.评析：这篇文章是关于律师在美国的地位。
英语高级口译证书实考试卷汇编
英语高级口译证书实考试卷汇编一、听力理解（50分）（一）Spot Dictation（20分）Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer booklet. Remember you will hear the passage only once.The Internet has become an (1) _integral_ part of our daily lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and do business. One of the most significant aspects of the Internet is itsability to (2) _connect_ people from all over the world. Social media platforms, for example, allow individuals to share their thoughts, experiences, and photos with friends and family, regardless of geographical (3) _distance_.In the business world, the Internet has opened up new (4)_opportunities_ for companies. E - commerce has grown (5) _exponentially_in recent years, enabling businesses to reach a global customer base. Small and medium - sized enterprises can now (6) _compete_ with larger corporations on a more level playing field.However, the Internet also brings some challenges. One major concern is (7) _cybersecurity_. With the increasing amount of personal and financial information being transmitted online, the risk of data (8) _breaches_ and identity theft has risen. Another issue is the spread of (9) _false_ information. The ease with which anyone can post content on the Internet has led to the proliferation of misinformation and (10) _disinformation_.（二）Listening Comprehension（30分）Section A: Statements (10分)Directions: In this section, you will hear several statements. Each statement will be read only once. Then there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard.1. A. The project was completed ahead of schedule.B. The project was delayed due to unexpected problems.C. The project is still in progress and going well.D. The project has been cancelled.(You will hear: "Thanks to the efficient teamwork and proper planning, we were able to finish the project two weeks earlier than expected.")Answer: A.2. A. Mary is not interested in the new job offer.B. Mary is considering the new job offer carefully.C. Mary has already accepted the new job offer.D. Mary has rejected the new job offer.(You will hear: "Mary is weighing up the pros and cons of the new job offer she received.")Answer: B.Section B: Talks and Conversations (20分)Directions: In this section, you will hear several talks and conversations. After each of them, you will be asked some questions. The talks and conversations will be read only once. Now listen to aconversation between a customer and a salesperson.Questions 1 - 5 are based on this conversation.1. What is the customer looking for?A. A pair of shoes.B. A dress.C. A handbag.D. A coat.(You will hear: "I'm looking for a dress to wear to my friend's wedding.")Answer: B.2. What color does the customer prefer?A. Black.B. White.C. Red.D. Blue.(You will hear: "I think red would be a great color for this occasion.")Answer: C.3. What size does the customer usually wear?A. Small.B. Medium.C. Large.D. Extra - large.(You will hear: "I usually wear a medium.")Answer: B.4. How much is the dress the customer likes?A. 50.B. 80.C. 100.D. 120.(You will hear: "This red dress is on sale for $80.") Answer: B.5. Does the customer buy the dress in the end?A. Yes, she does.B. No, she doesn't.C. She is not sure yet.D. She wants to think about it for a while.(You will hear: "I'll take it.")Answer: A.二、笔译（50分）（一）English - Chinese Translation（30分）Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.The concept of sustainable development has gained increasing attention in recent years. It emphasizes the need to balance economic growth, social development, and environmental protection. In the context of business, sustainable development means that companies should not only pursue profit - making but also take into account their impact on society and the environment.For example, many companies are now investing in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. This not only helps to reduce their carbon footprint but also contributes to the development of a more sustainable energy future. Another aspect is corporate social responsibility. Companies are expected to engage in activities that benefit the local community, such as providing educational opportunities or supporting environmental conservation projects.In addition, sustainable development also requires changes at the individual level. People should be more conscious of their consumption patterns and try to reduce waste. For instance, by choosing reusable products instead of disposable ones, we can all play a part in promoting sustainable development.参考译文：近年来，可持续发展的概念日益受到关注。
2012年9月高级口译真题和答案解析
2012年9月高级口译考试真题和答案【Spot Dictation】Hunger and food insecurity have been called America’s “hidden crisis.” At the same time, and apparently paradoxically, obesity has been declared a serious epidemic. Both obesity and hunger (and, more broadly, food insecurity) are serious public health problems, sometimes co-existing in the same families and the same individuals. Their existence sounds contradictory, but those with insufficient resources to purchase adequate food can still be overweight, for reasons that researchers now are beginning to understand.The apparent paradox of expanding wastelands and persistent hunger and food insecurity inAmerica is driven in part by the economics of buying food. Households without money to buy enough food first change their purchasing in eating habits, relying on cheaper high-calorie foods over more expensive neutral rich foods before they cut back on the amount of food. In order to cope with limited money for food and to stave off hunger, families try to maximize calories-intake for each dollar spent, which can lead to over-consumptions of calories and a less healthful diet.Research among low-income families shows that mothers first sacrifice their own nutrition by restricting their food intake during periods of food insufficiency in order to protect their children from hunger. The resulting chronic ups and downs in food intake can contribute, over the long run, to obesity among low-income women.Dr. Larry Brown, executive director of the Center on Hunger and Poverty, reported, "A growing body of research shows that hunger and obesity pose a dual threat for some people. We need to better understand this relationship if our nation is to grapple with these parallel threats to the well-being of Americans. We particularly need to avoid damaging policy prescriptions that assume hunger and obesity cannot coexist."Renowned food experts and scientists call for a reform agenda to address both hunger and obesity. According to James Wells, president of the Food Research and Action Center, an agenda that seriously tackles hunger and obesity among the poor must address their common roots. Thoseroots include food insecurity and the impact of poverty. One answer is increased access to incomesupports and nutrition programs so that more families have sufficient resources to obtain healthierdiets.【解析】本文选自《The Paradox of Hunger and Obesity in America》和《Hunger, obesity: two sides of same coin.》，命题者对两篇文章的内容进行了节选和组合，组成了一篇听写段落。
199809高译答案及听力原文
1998.9上海市英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案:SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. one-sixth /1/62. the ocean’s tides3. the occurrence of earthquakes4. affect our behavior5. moon’s phases6. easier or harder to catch7. famous astronomer 8. has an effect9. strange and unpredictable 10. really a connection11. police and fire 12. crime an unusual behavior13. car accidents 14. welfare checks15. is convinced 16. very hard to prove17. 1984 18. crime rates and the full moon19. deal directly with 20. specify exactlyPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 C C B A D 6-10 B A A A B11-15 C B C D D 16-20 C A A C ?SECTION 2: READING TEST1-5 D C C B A 6-10 B D B A C11-15 B A B D D 6-20 D C B C CSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST英语是一种多么崇高的工具！我们每写下一页，都不可能不对祖国语言的丰富多彩、灵便精深产生一种赞同的喜悦。
如果某个英国作家不能用英语，不能用简明的英语说出自己必须说的话，那么这样的话也许就不值得说。
英语没有更广泛地得到学习是何等憾事。
spot dictation经验
来自: 一池秋水2014-08-20 22:11:47育路_上海口译培训网为大家搜集了高级口译听力Spot Dictation高分经验分享，希望对大家口译复习有所帮助。
总述：高级口译听力考试的第一道大题—Spot Dictation,共20个空格，每个空格分值为1.5分，合计30分。
它是对考生语音和单词缩写的基础考察。
考试中题目录音只放一遍，要求考生将文章中的20个空格所缺少的单词进行快速记录，随后将完整答案填写在答题纸上。
相对中级口译来说，高级口译每个空格设计的特点是1.单词数量更多(一般4个左右，最多达到7个词)，2.单词更长(对缩写技能要求更高)。
笔者通过高级口译的多年教学经验，设计了短期迅速提高SpotDictation能力和分数的三步独特的训练方法。
分别为：“语音篇”、“速记篇”和“技巧篇”。
将有效帮助参加高级口译考试的朋友们在第一道大题便取得首战告捷。
第一步：Spot Dictation语音篇“要过听力关，先过语音关“。
听写题首先就是对考生听力辨音的考察，所以考生必须具有一定的语音知识，并在备考过程中努力练习提高自己的英语发音。
语音：练成地道的英语口语发音，是每个中国学生的梦想。
但很多学生片面以为朗读的遍数越多，或者听力的遍数越多，口语发音会越地道。
实际上，提高发音，重在模仿。
作为口译，其发音是它的一张名片，糟糕的发音会令雇主对你的印象大打折扣。
更重要的是，要过听力关，就必须先过发音关。
只有自己的发音地道，适应了各种音变，在听快语速的英语材料时，才会如同听自己母语般的驾轻就熟。
连读：连读是英语音变中最常见的一种形式，也是给中国学生造成听力障碍最大的语音难点，它的特点是，由于语速加快，两个单词合二为一，并给人一种生成新的单词的感觉。
连读的基本规则是：前一单词辅音结尾，后一单词元音开头，两词就可以连读。
譬如：Travel Agency/reach out/pop art有时，恰好多个单词之间都符合这一特征，笔者称为“多词连读”，对考生来说就更难了。
高级口译评分标准
高口评分标准听力部分：1. 听力Spot Dictation20个空，每个1.5分，只有名、动、形、副词直接扣分，视该次考试的标准及该单词在词组中的重要程度扣分，比如，a vital element如果vital没写，扣0．5分，element同理，如果a不写，不直接扣，教师在卷面做标注，比如红点，然后20个格子阅完后视标注情况整体再扣1-3分。
不是很严重的拼写错误不扣分，比如resistant写成resident。
允许适当连笔书写，只要不影响老师的评改。
2. 听力选择共20题，每题1分，共计20分。
3. 听力Note-taking & Gap-filling所听的内容文字长度为700词左右，语速为每分钟170词左右，听一遍。
在给出的长度为200词左右的所听内容的概述中，有20个空白要求考生填写，每空填一个词。
20格，每格1分，答案基本是确定的，有限的，阅卷标准会给出可以接受的近义词，比如答案是decrease，那么凡是写到下降这个意思的词，都可以考虑算对，这些词会由阅卷指导委员会给出。
4. 听译Sentence & Passage translation句子翻译每句3分，也是整体评分，比如通读译文，大致给出是0，1，2，3档，这个标准与第二试的口译一致，要求给出大意，及主要的细节；要求逐字对应，不得出现严重误译，反译。
举个简单例子，原文是Britain witnessed sharp increase in its criminal activities from l999 to 2003。
如果译文是1999-2003年间英国犯罪率上升了。
那么基本是满分3分，不强求要把sharp体现出来，而witness目睹了这个意思也不用很精确。
如果写成1999-2002，扣0．5，如果没写出犯罪率或者犯罪案件这个概念，得分不超过1分，因为意思都不对了。
如果把increase译成了犯罪率下降，起码扣1分。
英语翻译高级口译-听写题(九)
英语翻译高级口译-听写题(九)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Spot Dictation{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}A{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Tammet is a genius of memory. He broke the European record for recalling π, the {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}, to the furthest decimal point. He found it easy, because he didn't even have to "think". To him, π isn't an {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}; it's a visual story, a film projected in front of his eyes. He {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}and, last year, spent five hours recalling it in front of an adjudicator. He wanted to prove a point. "I memorized π to {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}decimal places, and I am technically disabled. I just wanted to show people that disability {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}."Tammet is softly spoken, and shy about {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}, which makes him seem younger than he is. He lives on the Kent coast, but {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}—there are too many pebbles to count. The thought of a mathematical problem {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}makes him feel uncomfortable. Trips to the supermarket are always a chore. "There's {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. I have to look at every shape and texture. Every price, and every arrangement: {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. So instead of thinking, 'What cheese do I want this week?', I'm just {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}."Tammet has never been able to {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}. It would be too difficult to fit around his daily routine. For instance, he has to drink his cups of tea {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}every day. Things have to happen in the same order, he always brushes his teeth before he {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. "I have tried to be more flexible, but I always end up feeling more uncomfortable. Retaining {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}is really important. I like to do things in my own time, and {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, so an office with {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}just wouldn't work."Instead, he has set up a business on his own, at home, {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}in language learning, numeracy and literacy for private clients. It has {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}of keeping human interaction to a minimum. It also gives him time to work on the verb structures of {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.Tammet is a genius of memory. He broke the European record for recalling π, the {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}, to the furthest decimal point. He found it easy, because he didn't even have to "think". To him, π isn't an {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}; it's a visual story, a film projected in front of his eyes. He {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}and, last year, spent five hours recalling it in front of an adjudicator. He wanted to prove a point. "I memorized π to {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}decimal places, and I am technically disabled. I just wanted to show people that disability {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}."Tammet is softly spoken, and shy about {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}, which makes him seem younger than he is. He lives on the Kent coast, but {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}—there are too many pebbles to count. The thought of a mathematical problem {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}makes him feel uncomfortable. Trips to the supermarket are always a chore. "There's {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. I have to look at every shape and texture. Every price, and every arrangement: {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. So instead of thinking, 'What cheese do I want this week?', I'm just {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}."Tammet has never been able to {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}. It would be too difficult to fit around his daily routine. For instance, he has to drink his cups of tea {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}every day. Things have to happen in the same order, he always brushes his teeth before he {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. "I have tried to be more flexible, but I always end up feeling more uncomfortable. Retaining {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}is really important. I like to do things in my own time, and {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, so an office with {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}just wouldn't work."Instead, he has set up a business on his own, at home, {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}in language learning, numeracy and literacy for private clients. It has {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}of keeping human interaction to a minimum. It also gives him time to work on the verb structures of {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.（分数：50.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：mathematical constant）解析：[听力原文] Tammet is a genius of memory. He broke the European record for recalling re, the mathematical constant, to the furthest decimal point. He found it easy, because he didn't even have to "think". To him, π isn't an abstract set of digits; it's a visual story, a film projected in front of his eyes. He learnt the number forwards and backwards and, last year, spent five hours recalling it in front of an adjudicator. He wanted to prove a point. "I memorized πto 22,514 decimal places, and I am technically disabled. I just wanted to show people that disability needn't get in the way." Tammet is softly spoken, and shy about making eye contact, which makes him seem younger than he is. He lives on the Kent coast, but never goes near the beach—there are too many pebbles to count. The thought of a mathematical problem with no solution makes him feel uncomfortable. Trips to the supermarket are always a chore. "There's too much mental stimulus. I have to look at every shape and texture. Every price, and every arrangement of fruit and vegetables. So instead of thinking, 'What cheese do I want this week?', I'm just really uncomfortable." Tammet has never been able to work 9 to 5. It would be too difficult to fit around his daily routine. For instance, he has to drink his cups of tea at exactly the same time every day. Things have to happen in the same order: he always brushes his teeth before he has his shower. "I have tried to be more flexible, but I always end up feeling more uncomfortable. Retaining a sense of control is really important. I like to do things in my own time, and in my own style, so an office with targets and bureaucracy just wouldn't work." Instead, he has set up a business on his own, at home, writing email courses in language learning, numeracy and literacy for private clients. It has had the fringe benefit of keeping human interaction to a minimum. It also gives him time to work on the verb structures of a native Indian language.填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：abstract set of digits）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：learnt the number forwards and backwards）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：22,514）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：needn't get in the way）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：making eye contact）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：never goes near the beach）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：with no solution）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：too much mental stimulus）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：fruit and vegetables）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：really uncomfortable）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：work 9 to 5）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：at exactly the same time）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：has his shower）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a sense of control）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：in my own style）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：targets and bureaucracy）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：writing email courses）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：had the fringe benefit）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a native Indian language）解析：三、{{B}}B{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Some may ask the following question: Was it envisioned for the euro to eventually become {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}that it could compete with the dollar {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}? Or was that a dream then and {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}?I think it was an attainable dream, and it is becoming actually, in some ways, {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Why? Well, the dream to give credit where credit is due was not only advocated {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}but by some American economists, including our Institute's director, Fred Bergsten. He was {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}with that. Richard Portes, who teaches at {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, also was way out in the front with that. And they were {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}of people like Martin Feldstein and others in London and the United States who {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the euro.At face value, the euro area is {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}as the United States, roughly speaking. The euro area does have very large and {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}, although if you look in more detail, there are still some things there that {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}the United States. And the euro area has delivered price stability. They have a {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}pretty consistently. So you put those three things together. On paper it looks like the euro should be at least {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}to the dollar in investors' portfolios, in government reserve holdings, in how much you {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}or planes or things like that.But what {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}in this book is the fact that if you look under the hood a bit, there is {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}between what you would expect just based on size and how much the euro is used. So there's an awful lot of {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}, not in euros, even between countries that are not dollar countries. There are {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}that come to the United States, and the depth of European assets and financial flows is {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.Some may ask the following question: Was it envisioned for the euro to eventually become {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}that it could compete withthe dollar {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}? Or was that a dream then and {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}?I think it was an attainable dream, and it is becoming actually, in some ways, {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Why? Well, the dream to give credit where credit is due was not only advocated {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}but by some American economists, including our Institute's director, Fred Bergsten. He was {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}with that. Richard Portes, who teaches at {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, also was way out in the front with that. And they were {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}of people like Martin Feldstein and others in London and the United States who {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the euro.At face value, the euro area is {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}as the United States, roughly speaking. The euro area does have very large and {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}, although if you look in more detail, there are still some things there that {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}the United States. And the euro area has delivered price stability. They have a {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}pretty consistently. So you put those three things together. On paper it looks like the euro should be at least {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}to the dollar in investors' portfolios, in government reserve holdings, in how much you {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}or planes or things like that.But what {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}in this book is the fact that if you look under the hood a bit, there is {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}between what you would expect just based on size and how much the euro is used. So there's an awful lot of {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}, not in euros, even between countries that are not dollar countries. There are {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}that come to the United States, and the depth of European assets and financial flows is {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.（分数：50.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：such a strong currency）解析：[听力原文] Some may ask the following question: Was it envisioned for the euro to eventually become such a strong currency that it could compete with the dollar on a global level? Or was that a dream then and is it still a dream now? I think it was an attainable dream, and it is becoming actually, in some ways, less attainable right now. Why? Well, the dream to give credit where credit is due was not only advocated by some European officials but by some American economists, including our Institute's director, Fred Bergsten. He was way out in the front with that. Richard Portes, who teaches at London Business School, also was way out in the front with that. And they were very much against the tide of people like Martin Feldstein and others in London and the United States who were very skeptical toward the euro. At face value, the euro area is the same size in GDP as the United States, roughly speaking. The euro area does have very large and deep financialmarkets, although if you look in more detail, there are still some things there that differentiate it from the United States. And the euro area has delivered price stability. They have a very low rate of inflation pretty consistently. So you put those three things together. On paper it looks like the euro should be at least a very clear second to the dollar in investors' portfolios, in government reserve holdings, in how much you invoice trade like oil or planes or things like that. But what our research finds in this book is the fact that if you look under the hood a bit, there is a huge shortfall between what you would expect just based on size and how much the euro is used. So there's an awful lot of trade that's still invoiced in dollars, not in euros, even between countries that are not dollar countries. There are huge amounts of financial flows that come to the United States, and the depth of European assets and financial flows is not commensurate with the size.填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：on a global level）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：is it still a dream now）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：less attainable right now）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：by some European officials）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：way out in the front）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：London Business School）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：very much against the tide）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：were very skeptical toward）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the same size in GDP）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：deep financial markets）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：differentiate it from）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：very low rate of inflation）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a very clear second）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：invoice trade like oil or planes）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：our research finds）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a huge shortfall）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：trade that's still invoiced in dollars）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：huge amounts of financial flows）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：not commensurate with the size）解析：。
9月高级翻译听力真题Spot Dictation
9月高级翻译听力真题Spot Dictation英语类考试频道为网友整理英语翻译资格考试，供大家参考学习。
Spot DictationWhat’s in a surname? You may ask. A new website project has been released, that helps you locate your past. Have you ever wondered why your ancestors gathered where they did, or where others with your surname live now. A research project investigating the distribution of surnames in Britain answers these questions. And another study has found the surnames are still extremely regional.Smith, for example, remains the most common surname in Britain, used by more than half a million people. It has exactly the same concentration it always did in Lerwick, in the Scottish Shetland Islands. Jones is the No. 2 surname, and is the most common among hill farmers in north Wales.The data used for this project comes partly from electoral register. A number of other files are held by Ex-pairing, which is probably Britain’s largest collector of data about individuals.There’re some of us who are fairly predictable. Campbell, for example, as you might expect, is somewhat concentrated in the northern parts of Scotland, and it appears really bizarre to be found somewhere else.Well, with 25, 000 names as difficult to generalize, what you can do is put them in general categories, if, for example, you look at names which are people’s work. Like the name, Webber, you might find it is much more common in the Midlands than in the south of England. If you go to Wales, most people get their names from their ancestors and in Yorkshire for example, a lot of people have names based on the places that they originally lived in or at least their ancestors did.Well, we only have 25, 000 names on this website, but there’re another 50, 000 names now found in Britain and they’re particularly interesting, for they are non-British names. Most British names are fairly common and about what we can now do as such is look for the frequency of all names from different parts of the world and different faiths, religions and languages. And what there is in names is actually extremely useful for researchers in anthropology and sociology may find a lot about different immigrant groups and their descendants now living in this country.。
2010年9月高级口译真题与答案课件
2010年9月高级口译考试真题与答案【Spot Dictation】We already live in an over-communicated world that will only become more so in the next tech era. We’ve developed technology that gets us so much information that we’ve got cell phones ringing every second. We’ve got computers and laptops. We’ve got personal organizers. And we’re just being bombarded with communication and every advancing technology seems to create more and more communications at us. We are thought of over-whelmed by the information flow.Research suggests that all the multi-tasking may actually make our brains work better and faster, producing a world-wide increase in IQ up to 20 points and more in recent decades. Is there any real benefit in all these mental gymnastics we now have to go through? We are not becoming a race of global idiots, but many do think certain skills are enhanced and certain are not. You know the ability to make fast decisions, to answer a dozen emails in 5 minutes or to fill out maybe big ap titude text. That’s enhanced.But when someone is out there with his kids laying in his little league, or something like that, he’s got his cell phone in his pocket, he is always wondering: “Jeez, did I get a voicemail?” This might have negative effects on our own brains patterns. Creativity is something that happens slowly. It happens when your brain is just noodling around, just playing. When it puts together ideas which you haven’t thought of, or maybe you have time to read a book. You are a business person but you have time to read a book about history or about a philosopher and something that happened long ago, or something or some ideas, some default of long ago.Actually, it might occur to you that you can think of your own business in that way. And so if this mixture of unrelated ideas that feeds your productivity, feeds your creativity, and if your mind is disciplined to answer every email, then you don’t have time for that playful noodling, you don’t have time for those unexpected conjunctions. So I think maybe we are getting smarter in some senses, but over communication is a threat to our creativity and to our reflection.【Listening Comprehension】Listening Comprehension 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.M: You know in designing this new town, we try to look backward at small town in America, and take the best of those planning elements. Houses close together, sidewalks from the porches, tree-lined streets, easy non-automobile-dependent access to the town center and to your neighbors and to the school and the other institutions that are vital. And we’ve tried to take some of those ideas and update them and come out with a livable, workable place where people can go and re-kindle the sense of community that seems to be missing from suburbs all across the country. W: So give us a sense of how these new towns are designed.M: Houses are all very close together. We were just 10 feet apart from our neighbors on either side of us. And that’s pretty much the standard for the town. So, you have houses that are close together, houses that surround open areas. They have a lot of big parks, a lot of common areas. The theory is that you are willing to sacrificial private yards base. You don’t need a quarter of an acre or half an acre. If you have a public area where you can go and enjoy the facilities there. And, most importantly, you can interact with your neighbors. That helps to create the sense of community. That’s so important to many of these new town developments.W: Now I see this whole sense of community. It’s going to be a new town, but we are going to do it with the sense of nostalgia for the past, like, a lot of the houses had porches.M: yes, it would create a front-porch culture, that people would be out on their porches, talking to their neighbors next door, and to people walking down the street, or people riding their bikes. And that would be this culture that existed 40, 50 or 60 years ago. But that really has been one of the failures that we observed during our 2 years in this new town. And the people don’t spend very much time at all on their front porches. There are a couple of things going on. One is this central Florida and it’s hotter than hell a god part of the year. And sitting on your front porch, even if you have a fun going, can be a very uncomfortable thing. People prefer to be inside in the air-conditioning.W: What were some of the rules you had to live by in the new project? And did any of these rules bother you?M: well, the developer and I have different feelings about rules. His feeling is, if I can summarize these feelings for him, that you move in then knowing the rules, and if you don’t like them, you shouldn’t move in. I have some problems with rules. I just sometimes like to break them. And They just bother me because of their inexistence. But the rules sometimes were silly and sometimes weren’t. They dictated what colo r your curtains could be facing this street, and actually asked a woman with red curtains to remove them.W: really? Is that true?M: And they dictated where you could park your car and for how long. They dictated any sort of thing you could attach to you r house. You couldn’t attach a satellite dish to your house, they dictated forever the color of your house. And they dictate how often you have to repaint your house. They try to go a step further and remove plastic flowers and plastic furniture from that all important front porches. Some rules seem to go a little too far.Questions:1. What are the two speakers talking about?2. There are several planning elements for recreating a sense of community. Which of the following is not one of these elements?3. According to the conversation, what can we learn about the so-called front porch culture?4. Which of the following is not one of the rules that the residents have to live by?5. What does the man think of these rules according to the conversation?Listening Comprehension 2Question 6 to 10 are based on the following newsNew York, USThe biggest Wall Street banks slashed their small business loan portfolios by 9% between 2008 and 2009, more than double the rate at which they cut their overall lending, according to agovernment report released Thursday.The Congressional Oversight Panel report spotlights the role banks, especially the largest ones, played in the credit crunch that has plagued small companies throughout the recession."Big banks pulled back on everyone, but they pulled back harder on small businesses," Elizabeth Warren, the panel's chairwoman.Warren's oversight committee was established to keep tabs on the federal government's financial stabilization effort. The committee's May report focuses on the role her committee played in improving credit access for small companies.Madrid, SpainThe European Union eases trade with Latin America at Madrid summitThe EU plans to boost trade with Latin America despite warnings from some European ministers and farmers, who fear unfair competition.EU negotiations with the Mercosur trade bloc, frozen since 2004, will reopen. The Mercosur group embraces Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.Trade deals were also reached with Central America, Peru and Colombia, following marathon talks in Madrid. EU Commission president Jose Manuel Barroso said, “We have opened a ground-breaking chapter in the EU relationship with our Latin America and Caribbean partners.” The EU is pursuing regional trade agreements while global trade talks - the so-called Doha Round - have failed to make progress.Tripoli, LibyaMembers of a Dutch family are on their way to Libya after being told that the sole survivor of the plane crash that killed 103 people might be their relative. A member of the Dutch family told the media that officials had told her family the child being treated at a hospital in Tripoli might be her grandson, 9-year-old Ruben van Assouw.The Dutch foreign ministry confirmed that two presumed family members of the injured child were on their way to Tripoli.Ruben had been on safari in South Africa with his brother, mother and father. All of whomperished in the crash, said the newspaper.Sixty-one Dutch citizens were believed killed when the MA Flight 230 from Johannesburg to Tripoli crashed on landing in clear weather at 6am. The Times understands that seven passengers had been due to fly on to London. Two of the dead were Britons and one was Irish.London, the United KingdomTarget Corp posted a higher quarterly profit as consumers loosened their wallets to spend on items including clothing and electronics.The discount retailer said profit was $671 million in the first fiscal quarter that ended May 1, compared with $522 million a year earlier.Target has benefited from consumers becoming a bit more willing to spend on discretionary items such as clothing and home furnishings.The company previously said that sales at stores open at least a year rose 2.8 percent in the first quarter.Bonn, GermanyFears of greater financial regulation across Europe hammered stocks after German measures aimed at limiting speculation were taken to smack of desperation.Stock markets were unnerved by Germany's unilateral ban on certain naked shorts announced late on Tuesday. And the euro suffered a kneejerk reaction, falling more than 1 percent against the yen, as investors saw foreign exchange as the only way to bet against the euro zone.World stocks were down 1.43 percent whilst the more volatile emerging markets index fell 2.64 percent.There were also fears that the debt crisis was about to worsen as some believed Germany's move smacked of desperation.Questions:6. What did the Wall Street banks do between 2008 and 2009 as reported in the news?7. What did the European Union plan to do at the Madrid Summit?8. How many people were killed when the passenger plane from Johannesburg to Tripoli crashed on landing?9. How much profit did Target Corp make in the first quarter of the year?10. What did Germany’s rece nt financial measures aim at?Listening Comprehension 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.Man: When most couples married, they may discuss some things in advance like how many children they want or where they want to live. But most of the day-to-day details or problems of married life work out after marriage. Not so with Steven Karen Parsons who have a 15-page prenuptial agreement that states the rules they must follow in almost every aspect of their married life. Today, Karen is here with us.Man: Karen, first I’d like to ask you why you decided to write this agreement. You’ve both bee n married before. Am I right?Woman: Yes, I’ve been married twice and Steve was married once before. So we have some experience about what goes wrong in a marriage.Man: And that’s why you wrote this agreement.Woman: Yes, we found that many problems happen when a person has different expectations from his or her spouse. We want to talk about everything openly and honestly before we start living together. Also, we both know how important it is to respect each other’s quotes. We’re all bothered by things that seems small to someone else, like it used to really bother me when my ex-husband let his dirty clothes on the floor. So we put that in the agreement: dirty clothing must be put in a laundry bag. Now Steve knows what my expectations are.Man: I’m sure that some people hearing this report will think this contract isn’t very romantic. Woman: Well, we disagree. We think it’s very romantic. Disag reement shows that we set down and talked and really try to understand the other person. A lot of problems occur in a marriage because people don’t talk about what they want. That’s right. When we disagree about something, we workout solution. That’s good for both of us. I’d much rather do that than get some romantic gifts like flowers or candy.Man: Some of these rules sound like, well, a business agreement. Many of your rules concern money in some way, even the rules about having children.Woman: In our experience, disagreements about money can cause a lot of problems, so we talked about how we want to spend our money and put that in the agreement as well.Man: So do you spend a lot of time checking on each other to see if the rules are being followed? Woman: No, not at all. And we don’t argue about them, either. As a matter of fact I think we spend less time arguing than most couples. Because we both know what the other person expects. We can spend our time doing things we enjoy and just being with each other.Man: What happens if one of you breaks the rule.？Woman: We don’t think that will be a problem. No, becaus e we do agree on these rules.Man: But what if, say, you don’t want to cook di nner one night, what happens?Woman: Well, we talk about it and reach a compromise. Maybe there’s a good reason.Man: But if you break a lot of rules all the time?Woman: Then we have to ask ‘Is this marriage really working?’ Because if we can’t follow all our own agreement. There’s no point making it.Man: So it sounds like you two are happy with this agreement. Do you think other couples should follow your example and write the prenuptial agreement of their own?Woman: “So a lot of work to write an agreement, but I think it could be useful to a lot of people. Maybe there would be fewer divorces if everyone did this.Questions:11. About which of the following topics is the woman been interviewed?12. What can we learn about the man and the woman from the interview?13. According to the woman, why did so many problems happen in a marriage?14. What does the woman think of this contract?15. What happens if one of the couple sometimes breaks a rule of the contract?Listening Comprehension 4Question 16-20 are based on the following talk.Different cultures often have entirely different perceptions of time. The cultural anthropologist Edward T Hall popularized the idea that cultures use time and view time in very different ways. The idea of the past, present and future and the whole concept of scheduling or managing time can be so different that it leads to cross-cultural miscommunications. In his 1990 book，The Dance of Life, Hall writes time is one of the fundamental bases, on which all cultures rest, and around which all activities revolve. Understanding the difference between monochronic time and polychronic time is essential to success. Hall's notion of monochronism and polychronism can be understood as follows: monochronic time is linear, events scheduled one at a time, one event following another. To a monochronic culture, this type of schedule is valued over interpersonal relationships.On the other hand, polychronic time is characterized by many things happening simultaneously. In addition, interpersonal relationships are highly valued in polychronic cultures. Hall's theory is that monochronic time can be found primarily in North American and northern European cultures. These cultures emphasize schedules, punctuality and preciseness. They also emphasize doing things. They are cultures that value productivity, that value getting things done on time. They view time as something that can be lost, killed or wasted. Or conversely, they view as something that can or should be managed, planed and used efficiently. Polychronic time, on the other hand, can be found primarily in Latin American, African, and Native American cultures. Their conception of time is more connected to natural rhythms. It is connected to the earth, to the seasons. This makes sense when we consider that natural events can occur spontaneously, sporadically or concurrently. Polychronic cultures view time as being somewhat flexible. Since life isn't so predictable, scheduling and being processed simply isn't that important. In addition, relationships with people are valued more than making schedules. There is more value placed on being than on doing.Different cultural perceptions of time can lead to conflict, especially in the business world. The idea of being late versus on time for a meeting, for example, might differ widely between anAmerican business person and a Brazilian. The American business person might be far less tolerant of a Brazilian's late arrival. However, the Brazilian business person might be offended by an American's insistence on punctuality, or on getting right down to business. The Brazilian would generally prefer to finish talking with colleagues first and would not want to cut conversation short in order to make an appointment. Some traditional time management programs used in the business world might not translate well in another culture. Traditional time management programs in the business world emphasize to-do-list and careful scheduling. They are monochronic. However, a business in a polychronic culture might not adjust well to that system. Companies, who impose those monochronic systems on places of business in polychronic cultures, might be guilty of ethno-centrism, which means making their own ethnical cultural values central and not valuing other values. Edward Hall's theory of monochronic and polychronic cultures has been challenged by some critics. Some people think it is overly general. They argue that within any culture group we might find people who think of time differently.In other words, a primarily polychronic culture might have both monochronic and polychronic types of people. The same diversity among individuals might be found in a primarily monochronic culture. Critics of anthropologist like Edward Hall feel that it is more useful to think of time differences among individuals, not just between culture groups.Questions:16. Which of the following topics is the person talking about?17. What can we learn about Monochronism from the cultural anthropologist Edward T Hall?18. Which of the following statements apply to Polychronism according to Edward Hall?19. In the business world, who would prefer to finish talking with colleagues before keeping an appointment?20. Edward Hall's theory has been challenged by some critics. What do these critics think of his theory?【上半场阅读理解第一篇】Congress began 2010 with a bad case of legislative déjàvu. Last year, it approved a $787billion stimulus package meant to "create or save" millions of jobs. President Obama says the stimulus has saved or created as many as 2 million jobs so far. But even if that highly optimistic figure is true, in the real world, over 3 million jobs have been lost since the stimulus was signed into law – a dismal feat all financed with enormous debt. Now Congress is working on another stimulus package, but they're calling it a jobs bill. In December, the House passed a $174 billion "Jobs for Main Street Bill" that would use federal dollars to fund job-creating infrastructure projects, while extending unemployment benefits. Sound familiar?Unemployment remains at about 10 percent and state unemployment insurance funds are running out of money. While the Obama administration works to artificially inflate the number of jobs, the unemployed face diminished opportunities and income security. By 2012, 40 state unemployment trust funds are projected to be empty, requiring $90 billion in federal loans to continue operating. Normally, state unemployment benefits pay jobless workers between 50 and 70 percent of their salaries for up to 26 weeks. But during this recession, Congress has extended those benefits four times. The result is that some workers can now claim benefits for 99 weeks. Now Congress may enact a record fifth extension. What would be wrong with that? Everything. The state-federal unemployment insurance program (UI) is an economic drag on businesses and states. And it's a poor safety net for the unemployed.UI, a relic of the Great Depression, fails workers when they need it most. UI trust funds depend on a state-levied payroll tax on employers. During boom years, these funds are generally flush. But during recessions, they can get depleted quickly. The bind is that to replenish their UI fund, states have to raise payroll taxes. That hurts the bottom line for businesses both large and small. Passed on to workers as a lower salary, high payroll taxes discourage businesses from hiring. During steep recessions, states face a fiscal Catch-22: Reduce benefits or raise taxes. To date, 27 states have depleted their UI funds and are using $29 billion in federal loans they'll have to start repaying in 2011. Other states are slashing benefits. While federal guidelines recommend that states keep one year's worth of unemployment reserves, many states entered the recession already insolvent. When federal loans are exhausted, the only option left is higher payroll taxes – a move sure to discourage hiring and depress salaries.The increasingly small and uncertain payouts of UI are the opposite of income security. Theeffect of UI's eight-decade experiment has been to condition workers to save less for a "rainy day" and instead rely on a system that provides no guarantee. UI limits personal responsibility to save; gradually, individuals find themselves in financial peril. Real reform requires putting employees in charge with individual private accounts and getting the government out of the business of creating illusionary safety nets.Unemployment Insurance Savings Accounts (UISA), by contrast, give workers control of their own income, eliminating the negative effects of the UI program on businesses and budgets. Adopted by Chile in 2003, UISAs are also financed via a payroll tax on individual workers and employers. The difference is the money is directly deposited into the individual worker's account. Basically a form of forced savings, UISAs allow individuals to draw on their own accounts during periods of unemployment and roll unused funds into their savings upon retirement. With the burden reduced on employers, wages rise, leading to greater contributions to the individual's fund. The federal government is removed from the picture, and all workers are guaranteed a savings account upon retirement.UISAs liberate workers from uncertainty and improve incentives. When unemployed workers must rely on their own funds rather than the common fiscal pool, they find jobs faster. Congress's repeated extensions of the current UI program may be well intended, but they may also be counterproductive. Like any deadline extension, additional jobless benefits diminish the job seeker's urgency, all at taxpayers' expense.Today, expanded UI benefits mean higher state payroll taxes, which make it harder for employers to expand hiring or raise wages. UISAs, on the other hand, make the payroll tax on business part of the employer's investment in an individual worker, rather than a penalty for doing business. In 2010, it's time to say goodbye to the problems created by broken policies. Congress should start this decade with a promise for true economic freedom: Let businesses create jobs and let workers keep what they've earned.【上半场阅读理解第二篇】LIKE the space telescope he championed, astronomer Lyman Spitzer faced some perilousmoments in his career. Most notably, on a July day in 1945, he happened to be in the Empire State building when a B-25 Mitchell bomber lost its way in fog and crashed into the skyscraper 14 floors above him. Seeing debris falling past the window, his curiosity got the better of him, as Robert Zimmerman recounts in his Hubble history, The Universe in a Mirror. Spitzer tried to poke his head out the window to see what was going on, but others quickly convinced him it was too dangerous.Spitzer was not the first astronomer to dream of sending a telescope above the distorting effects of the atmosphere, but it was his tireless advocacy, in part, that led NASA to launch the Hubble Space Telescope in 1990. Initially jubilant, astronomers were soon horrified to discover that Hubble's 2.4-metre main mirror had been ground to the wrong shape. Although it was only off by 2.2 micrometres, this badly blurred the telescope's vision and made the scientists who had promised the world new images and science in exchange for $1.5 billion of public money the butt of jokes. The fiasco, inevitably dubbed "Hubble Trouble" by the press, wasn't helped when even the limited science the crippled Hubble could do was threatened as its gyroscopes, needed to control the orientation of the telescope, started to fail one by one.By 1993, as NASA prepared to launch a rescue mission, the situation looked bleak. The telescope "probably wouldn't have gone on for more than a year or two" without repairs, says John Grunsfeld, an astronaut who flew on the most recent Hubble servicing mission. Happily, the rescue mission was a success. Shuttle astronauts installed new instruments that corrected for the flawed mirror, and replaced the gyroscopes. Two years later, Hubble gave us the deepest ever view of the universe, peering back to an era just 1 billion years after the big bang to see the primordial building blocks that aggregated to form galaxies like our own.The success of the 1993 servicing mission encouraged NASA to mount three more (in 1997, 1999 and 2002). Far from merely keeping the observatory alive, astronauts installed updated instruments on these missions that dramatically improved Hubble's power. It was "as if you took in your Chevy Nova [for repairs] and they gave you back a Lear jet," says Steven Beckwith, who from 1998 to 2005 headed the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, where Hubble's observations are planned. Along the way, in 1998, Hubble's measurements of supernovas in distant galaxies unexpectedly revealed that the universe is expanding at anever-increasing pace, propelled by a mysterious entity now known as dark energy. In 2001 the space observatory also managed to make the first measurement of a chemical in the atmosphere of a planet in an alien solar system.Despite its successes, Hubble's life looked like it would be cut short when in 2004, NASA's then administrator Sean O'Keefe announced the agency would send no more servicing missions to Hubble, citing unacceptable risks to astronauts in the wake of the Columbia shuttle disaster of 2003, in which the craft exploded on re-entry, killing its crew. By this time, three of Hubble's gyroscopes were already broken or ailing and no one was sure how long the other three would last. Citizen petitions and an outcry among astronomers put pressure on NASA, and after a high-level panel of experts declared that another mission to Hubble would not be exceptionally risky, the agency reversed course, leading to the most recent servicing mission, in May 2009.No more are planned. The remainder of the shuttle fleet that astronauts used to reach Hubble is scheduled to retire by the year's end. And in 2014, NASA plans to launch Hubble's successor, an infrared observatory called the James Webb Space Telescope, which will probe galaxies even further away and make more measurements of exoplanet atmospheres.According to Grunsfeld, now STScI's deputy director, plans are afoot for a robotic mission to grab Hubble when it reaches the end of its useful life, nudging it into Earth's atmosphere where most of it would be incinerated. Only the mirror is sturdy enough to survive the fall into an empty patch of ocean.But let's not get ahead of ourselves - Hubble is far from finished. The instruments installed in May 2009, including the Wide Field Camera 3, which took this image of the Butterfly nebula, 3800 light years away, have boosted its powers yet again. It might have as much as a decade of life left even without more servicing. "It really is only reaching its full stride now, after 20 years," says Grunsfeld.A key priority for Hubble will be to explore the origin of dark energy by probing for it at earlier times in the universe's history. Hubble scientist Malcolm Niedner of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, is not willing to bet on what its most important discovery will be. "More than half of the most amazing textbook-changing science to emerge from this telescope occurred in areas we couldn't even have dreamed of," he says. "Expect the。
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9月高级口译听力真题spot dictation
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What’s in a surname? You may ask. A new website project has been released, that helps you locate your past. Have you ever wondered why your ancestors gathered where they did, or where others with your surname live now. A research project investigating the distribution of surnames in Britain answers these questions. And another study has found the surnames are still extremely regional.
Smith, for example, remains the most common surname in Britain, used by more than half a million people. It has exactly the same concentration it always did in Lerwick, in the Scottish Shetland Islands. Jones is the No. 2 surname, and is the most common among hill farmers in north Wales.
The data used for this project comes partly from electoral register. A number of other files are held by Ex-pairing, which is probably Britain’s largest collector of data about individuals.
There’re some of us who are fairly predictable. Campbell, for example, as you might expect, is somewhat concentrated in the northern parts of Scotland, and it appears really bizarre to be found somewhere else.
Well, with 25, 000 names as difficult to generalize, what you can do is put them in general categories, if, for example, you look at names which are people’s work. Like the name, Webber, you might find it is much more common in the Midlands than in the south of England. If you go to Wales, most people get their names from their ancestors and in Yorkshire for example, a lot of people have names based on the places that they originally lived in or at least their ancestors did.
Well, we only have 25, 000 names on this website, but there’re another 50, 000
names now found in Britain and they’re particularly interesting, for they are non-British names. Most British names are fairly common and about what we can now do as such is look for the frequency of all names from different parts of the world and different faiths, religions and languages. And what there is in names is actually extremely useful for researchers in anthropology and sociology may find a lot about different immigrant groups and their descendants now living in this country.。