新东方唐静翻译笔记整理版

合集下载

唐静-强化翻译笔记

唐静-强化翻译笔记

考研英语强化翻译——第一讲一、考研翻译的重要性略二、翻译的课程安排。

总共5次课,每次课2.5个小时,总共12.5小时,每2.5小时休息十分钟完成事情:1、基础知识2、所有问题用什么资料来复习考研翻译,怎么复习考研翻译考研翻译画线句子里面代词不要翻译my不要翻译出来。

例:I put my hand into my pocket. m y画线句子里面人名、地名、大写的国家名称要不要要翻译。

3、讲义中的真题讲解从96年讲到05年,不讲06-09年的题(它们与近些年的题难度相当),留在考前20天再做。

三、考研翻译的题型什么是考研翻译的所有问题?1、弄清什么是考研翻译考研翻译的题型分两个方面说:大的方面和小的方面大的方面——主观题a. 什么是主观题?用笔写汉字,不要抄英语b. 书写工整小的方面——阅读理解试卷共三道大题:1、完型填空但不要先做完型填空,不一定按照试卷顺序做2、阅读理解1)大阅读,一长篇文章共40分2)新题型,7选5 3)翻译题型要求Part C: Translation Directions: Please read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. 在翻译划线的五句话之前,没有没必有通读全文?不用读文章,直奔主题划线句子3、写作命题原则评分标准2、怎么做考研翻译四、考研翻译的命题原则■翻译命题原则(1)所选择的题材偏向专业领域的学术文献例如:09年考的是教育学(education )出处:杜威《Democracy and Education 》 发表于1916年04年考的沃尔夫的预言假说年考的沃尔夫的预言假说03年考的人类学、关于人、关于社会、关于文化定义之类的文章年考的人类学、关于人、关于社会、关于文化定义之类的文章96年——社会发展的区别年——社会发展的区别97年——动物的权利保护年——动物的权利保护98年——天体物理学中的大爆炸理论年——天体物理学中的大爆炸理论99年——历史研究的方法轮年——历史研究的方法轮00年——政府的宏观调控年——政府的宏观调控01年——人工智能的发展年——人工智能的发展02年——行为科学年——行为科学03年——人类学年——人类学04年——语言学年——语言学05年——传媒领域年——传媒领域06年——美国知识分子的作用年——美国知识分子的作用07年——法学在新闻报道中的作用年——法学在新闻报道中的作用08年——达尔文的思想及其变化年——达尔文的思想及其变化09年——教育学年——教育学(2)所选择的话题偏向文科等社会科学领域)所选择的话题偏向文科等社会科学领域考研翻译的话题有没有重复考过?考研翻译的话题有没有重复考过? 没有没有如:考古学、建筑学、精神病学如:考古学、建筑学、精神病学(3)所选择的划线句总是长难句(平均长度为30个单词左右,多数为35个以上,最长的为58个词)个词)■ 评分标准考研英语强化翻译——第二讲一、考研英语的评分标准评分标准就是翻译的标准。

考博英语翻译笔记整理版(唐静主讲)综述

考博英语翻译笔记整理版(唐静主讲)综述

2010考研翻译笔记(主讲:唐静)一、考研翻译的三大基本问题(一)考研翻译的解题“奥秘”做真题,而不是看翻译做翻译=写汉字(二)考研翻译的题型、命题原则和考试内容1、题型①大的方面:主观题——汉字书写工整②小的方面:阅读题没有必要通读全文有些情况下,需要阅读划线句子的上下文划线句子有代词,需要读上下文2、命题原则①体裁偏向学术文献,比较抽象②题材偏向文科领域(1998年理科的)③划线的句子长30个字左右,为长难句3、考试内容=考点1)考察专有名词、词组和多义词的解释(1)专有名词人名、地名、国家名称、术语、组织机构名称(2)专业术语Big Bang大爆炸理论inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论(3)学科术语anthropoloist人类学家anthropological人类学的inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论SARS非典(4)词组as……as by means ofhome appliances家用电器die out灭绝(5)多义词:school 学派before以前serve起作用life 生命、生活(6)熟词生义set (成套)设备;集、集合offend 冒犯;排污超标;污染超标particle 粒子(7)生词:超纲词2)考察一般性翻译技巧,包括词序调整、词义选择A、词序调整:即改变英语单词在汉语译文中的先后顺序46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed—and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.在联系不同民族和国家方面,电视也许以前没有像在最近欧洲事件中起如此重大的作用。

新东方考研翻译唐静老师笔记(十一)

新东方考研翻译唐静老师笔记(十一)

新东⽅考研翻译唐静⽼师笔记(⼗⼀)**状语和状语从句英语中状语和状语从句常常可以直接翻译。

有时候需要把时间、条件、⽬的和原因状语从句翻译在主句之前。

状语翻译的最佳位置是在主语后、动词前。

时间翻译在前⾯,地点翻译在后⾯。

如果分词短语作状语在英语句⼦最前⾯的时候常常增加逻辑主语在翻译。

例:①01(75)And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout ofa new psychological disorder---kitchen rage.i、个⼈⽣词:appliance ⽤具,器具(home appliances 家⽤器具)smart ⼩巧,精巧,智能化result in 导致breakout 爆发psychological ⼼理的disorder 混乱rage 狂暴,精神错乱kitchen rage 厨房综合症,厨房狂躁ii、⽅法:”so…that”结果状语从句“如此(太),以⾄于”iii、其他tips:a、”result in the breakout of new psychological disorder---kitchen rage.”注意翻译顺序,从后往前,最后翻译”kitchen rage”iv、参考译⽂:⽽且家⽤器具也将变得如此智能化,以⾄于控制和操作它们将会引发⼀种新的⼼理上的爆发(疾病)---厨房狂躁②02(65)Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.i、个⼈⽣词:issue 问题resolve 解决technology 技术(⼿段)behavior ⾏为reject 排斥ii、⽅法:until引导的条件状语从句,这⾥可以翻译为“如果不”iii、其他tips:a、 “with it” 翻译为“随之”b、 “and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems”这句话省略了谓语”will continue to be rejected”(前后句是并列结构)c、 “a technology of behavior”翻译为“(研究)⾏为的技术(⼿段)”。

唐静翻译笔记(全)

唐静翻译笔记(全)

考博翻译最难做。

(1)翻译是主观题。

(2)做翻译需要单词基础,语法基础,阅读基础和强大的汉语功底。

例:本次旅行有北京、上海等地。

This trip/travel/tour includes Beijing and Shanghai.(3)各所学校的命题非常不稳定。

[/p][p=30, 2, center]英译汉[/p][p=30, 2, center]考博翻译的概述[/p][p=30, 2, left]翻译你做过吗?做翻译不是看翻译Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. 在联系不同的民族和国家方面,电视或许以前从来没有像在最近欧洲事件中其如此大的作用。

在联系不同的民族和国家方面,电视像在最近欧洲事件中起的作用之大前所未见。

[/p][p=30, 2, center]怎么做英译汉[/p][p=30, 2, left]One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a danger of loss. The basic reason is that speculation can perform useful functions in the market equilibrium and encourages faster entry of more suppliers. If the price change lagged until after an actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would probably be sharper and more sudden. Remedial supply action could not be further delayed. Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in some commodity, their selling of futures will help drive the price down to some extent before the surplus actually occurs. When speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also helping to conserve the present supply. As the price goes up, less of the commodity is purchased; a rise in price encourages users to economize. Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.[/p][p=30, 2, left] The Renaissance embraced, first of all, an impressive record of new achievements in art, literature, science, philosophy, education and religion. Although the foundation of many of these was classical, they soon expanded beyond the measure of Greek and Roman influence. Indeed, many of the achievements in painting, science, politics and religion bore little relation to the classical heritage. Secondly, the Renaissance incorporated a number of dominant ideas and attitudes that gave it the impress of a unique society. Notable among these in general were optimism, and individualism; but the most significant of them all was humanism. In its broadest meaning humanism may be defined as emphasis on the human values.[/p][p=30, 2, left]It was a term derived from Cicero, who used it in the sense of devotion to the liberal arts, or the subjects most compatible with the dignity of man. The humanists rejected the Scholastic philosophy with its preoccupation with theology and logic. They strove for a smooth and elegant style that would appeal more to the aesthetic than to the rational side of man's nature.[/p][p=30, 2, left]翻译的步骤:一、画竖线目的:初步断开句子结构,化繁为简原则:1、拆出主句,分清从句;2、拆出主干,分清修饰;最佳方式:找断句点(1)连词;(2)引导词;(3)介词;(4)分词;(5)to;(6)标点符号;[/p][p=30, 2, left](79)We accept and welcome, therefore, as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment; the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial to the future progress of the race.[/p][p=30, 2, left]二、写汉字:以每一小节作为单位来写汉字目的:初步了解每一个小结构的意思;[/p][p=30, 2, left](79)We accept and welcome, therefore, as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment; the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial to the future progress of the race.[/p][p=30, 2, left]三、连汉字目的:把每一小节连接成为通顺的句子;需要适当地调整顺序,或者把一些不通顺的词语替换掉。

新东方考研英语笔记整理版

新东方考研英语笔记整理版

新东⽅考研英语笔记整理版⽣活必须主动――07新东⽅考研英语笔记整理版注:1.本笔记根据07新东⽅辅导班(含强化班和冲刺班)现场录⾳整理,百分百正版。

2.历时半年,参考⽆数⽹上资料。

尤其是印建坤阅读部分,他是的资料⼗分零散,整理起来⼗分⾟苦。

3.最好使⽤效果⽅法:本资料、真题和录⾳(尤其是印建坤阅读部分)⼀起复习,最⾼境界是把04-06年真题背下来(注:印⽼师语)。

前提是听过新东⽅07版课n次(n>=1)和细读过历年真题n次(n>=2)。

4.并不是每个部分都值得认真记,推荐阅读和翻译部分。

请注意阅读部分,印建坤风格和以前⽼师有所不同。

要注意概念转换。

5.真题就是经典。

真题是考试之纲,争分之本呀!!6.最后附有“考试⾍”全部技巧以供参考。

7.由于时间⼗分紧张,没有仔细排版校正,请见谅。

8.时间不是关键,致命的是⽅法。

这些技巧都是“技”,要是勤奋练习就是“术”,关键是⽤⼼做事才能修成“道”,如果天分不错最后就是“⽆招胜有招。

⼼中有剑,⼿中⽆剑”的最⾼境界。

加油!9.鸣谢:⼗分感谢过去各位的帮忙和⿎励。

⼀路⾛来因为互相⽀持,我们变得更加坚强。

衷⼼祝愿当春暖花开时,我们会⼼想事成也希望我们会成为好朋友馨馨敬上(注:数字代表做题时间)阅读:90+-10cloze:15+-5新题型:15翻译:20+-5⼩作⽂:15+-5⼤作⽂:25+-506年outline:最难:完型(a最多) 阅读(b最多)全国最低:7选5(前3个c最多)(后2个d最多)最易:写作具体部分请见阅读和cloze部分。

印建坤阅读技巧+实⼒=成功(培养每⼀种题型能⼒)●速度,准度是成功关键●读⽂章能⼒达标:读⼀遍就知道哪个句⼦会出题●长句读不懂是因为写不出来●要是余2个选项不知如何选,要⽐较2选项侧重点与得分句和辅助句侧重点的关系。

●概率论做题法:分析04-06年,只有05年是4个选项都是5个外,其他2年都是2个5个,1个4个,1个6个,要注意。

新东方汉译英笔记

新东方汉译英笔记

一、汉译英应试原则和基本程序
(一)汉译英应试原则
手法灵活(如遇难译之处,换用其它相近说法表达)
语法正确(避免时态、语态、单复数等语法错误)
内容忠实(必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来,不得有任何歪曲、遗漏或增删)
语言闪光(译文符合英语表达习惯,且用词准确、多样)
(二)汉译英基本程序
1.理解 定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词
3.审校 首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容,是否有错译和漏译;其次,检查是否有语言上的明显错误,如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误,及时改正。

唐静翻译必背800词

唐静翻译必背800词
in advance 预先,提前, 事先
/ədˈvæntɪdʒ/
n. 优势;利益
take advantage of 利用
vi. 获利
vt. 有利于;使处于优 势
advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/
v. 提倡,拥护 n. 拥护者;辩护者
Advocate Science 崇 尚 科学
aesthetics
词 striking 我并没有列举,因为这二者意思完全可以根据构词法知道,而不至于弄错。
: A 字母开头 (20 单词)
众号 alliance 公 ambiguous
allocate ambition
alone amend
alter among
alternative amount
analogous
analyze
vt. 增加,添加 n. 加法
adj. 充足的;适当的
adj. 邻近的,毗连的 n. 管理;行政
adj. 成年的;成熟的 n. 成年人 n. 发展;前进 vt. 提出;预付 vi. 前进;进展 adj. 预先的;先行的
adequate for 足够的,适 合 adjacent sea 近海;邻海 administration building 行政办公楼 young adult 年轻人
/ɛs'θɛtɪks/
n. 美学;美的哲学 aesthetic appreciation 审
affect
/əˈfekt/
美 vt. 影响;感染
vi. 倾向;喜欢
第 5 页,共 59 页
关注公众号【夏夏考研】免费获取更多考研课程
公众号:禾拟
agency aggregate
agreement

新东方唐静翻译笔记完整版

新东方唐静翻译笔记完整版

第一课时(FY01-1~4)开场白三个论断:1、考研英语是中国大陆组织的最难一级的英语考试2、考研翻译是考研英语中最难的一部分翻译满分10分,平均3.5分3、非英语专业,未接受翻译训练中国目前翻译现状课程安排:系统的翻译知识解决考研翻译的所有问题讲解考研真题(1994-2003)本次课讲解四个方面的问题,包括三大核心概念一、考研翻译中英汉语语言特点考生试卷中常见两种问题:1、空白2、不是人话什么是翻译翻译理论、翻译教学、翻译实践英汉语两种语言之间的转换考研翻译是把试卷上的英语弄成汉语1、英汉语两种语言的四大特点1)形合与义合突破口2)繁复与简短(62) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.72) How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.63) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.化繁复为简短:长句拆译3)被动与主动化被动为主动:少用‘被’字4)抽象与具体化抽象为具体:根据汉语习惯增加表示范畴和概念的词来解释具体第二课时(FY02-1~4)evolution 进化in evolution 在进化过程中find v. 找到,发现finding n. 发现report their finding 汇报他们的发现成果tension 紧张ease the tension in the Middle East 缓解中东的紧张局势must 必须The Great Wall is a must for tourists. 对游客来说长城是一个必须到的地方。

唐静翻译视频课笔记

唐静翻译视频课笔记

唐静翻译视频课笔记基础阶段:一、概论考研翻译的题型(了解)、命题原则(了解)、和评分标准(掌握)1.题型(最难)*从大的方面说:主观题1)写汉字:不要抄英语不要留空白①单词:A.蒙e.g.Furthermore,humans have the ability to modify the environment.人类有能去____环境(改造、改变)B.背背真题单词2000年以后80句话②真题的使用:翻译真题使用的三个阶段:A.2000~2010年:11年55句话,最重要B.1990~2000年:10年50句话,次重要C.2010~现在:极重要,适合考前模拟2)书写工整*从小的方面说:阅读题1)阅读理解的Part C2)5个长难句3)分值:满分10分,每句2分4)文章一般不用通读,但是划线句上下文需要看。

(句中某一个单词的理解、代词指代)上下文分为上文和下文,句内上下文和句外上下文E.g.i.However,the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascinating and delightful aspects.不是方面看上文deal with解决处理造句填空解决处理___不是方面而是问题ii.In dealing with a challenge on such scale,it is no exaggeration to say“United we stand,ealing with a challenge on such scale, divided we fall.dealing with下文challenge____挑战不说解决挑战而是面对iii.While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of acts upon their disposition,it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.下文adults成年人和成年人沟通、打交道5)考场时间控制20~25分钟4~5分钟1句话顺序:阅读→作文→翻译→新题型→完形填空小作文在51题写!!!2.命题原则1)体裁:偏向学术文献,属于“通识”读物97年:动物权利保护98年:天体物理学:大爆炸理论99年:历史研究方法论00年:政府的宏观调控能力01年:人工智能的发展02年:行为科学03年:人类学04年:语言学05年:欧洲的电视媒体业06年:知识分子的作用07年:法律在新闻报道的作用08年:达尔文的思想09年:教育学10年:生态学11年:人的性格和环境的关系12年:人类对一致性的追求13年:花园及人类的生存14年:对贝多芬音乐的评价2)话题:偏向文科,社会科学领域3)划线句长度:每句30个单词左右,长度为150词。

考研翻译笔记唐静

考研翻译笔记唐静

(一)考研翻译的解题“奥秘”做真题做翻译=写汉字Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-----and perhaps never before has it serve d so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.电视是一种激发和传递这些感情的方式。

在联系不同民族和国家方面,电视也许以前从没有起如此大的作用像在最近几次欧洲事件中。

means:方式by means of by modern means of transportCreate:激发create feelingsServe:起作用Peoples:民族(二)考研翻译的题型、命题原则和考试内容1、考研翻译的题型1大的方面:主观题汉字书写工整2小的方面:阅读题没有必要通读全文有些情况下,需要阅读划线句子的上下文划线句子有代词,需要读上下文2、考研翻译的命题原则1体裁偏向学术文献,比较抽象2题材偏向文科领域3划线的句子长30个字左右,为长难句3、考研翻译的考试内容=考点1考察专有名词、词组和多义词的解释专有名词:人名、地名、国家名称、组织机构名称、术语专业术语(常识性质的专有名词):Big Bang大爆炸理论SARS非典学科术语:anthropological 人类学的linguistics 语言学词组:as…as by means of例如,home appliances 家用电器die out 灭绝多义词:before serve life熟词生意:set 集,集合offend 排污超标particle 粒子生词:超纲词2考察一般性翻译技巧包括:词序调整、词义选择A词序调整:即改变英语单词在汉语译文中的先后顺序例如,I studied very hard in the classroom at 6 every morning.我每天早上六点钟在教室认真地学习。

唐静总结历年翻译短语

唐静总结历年翻译短语

唐静总结历年翻译短语[1994]not so much…as…可以理解为“...不如...那么多”,引申为“与其说是...不如说是...”because of “因为”in short “总之,简言之”as we call it “我们所谓的”a series of “一系列”over the years “多年来,这些年来”turn…on…词典解释为“开启, 变得兴奋, 突然装出, 开始”,但题中turn...telescope on the heaven可译为“把...望远镜对准太空”rather than “与其...不如...”或“不是...而是...”,在此应理解为“而不是...”at the expense of “由...付费;以...为代价”vice versa 拉丁语“反之亦然”depend on “依赖,依靠,取决于”the driving force “驱动力”1995in doing sth. “在做...的过程中”divert…from…“把...从...转移开来”lie with…“取决于”be validated by…“被...所证实”whether…or…“是做...还是做...”,句中可译为“是使用...还是使用...”depend upon…and on…“取决于...同时还取决于...”depend upon…and upon…“取决于...同时还取决于...”such…as…“诸如...这样的...”in general “通常,大体上,一般来说”for example “例如”compensate for “补偿,赔偿,弥补”grow up “长大”under…circumstances. “在...情况下”(under no circumstances 无论如何,决不)1996be results of…“是...的结果;由于...的原因”social needs “社会需求”to some extent “在某种程度上”come to the conclusion “得出了这样的结论”make demand of…“提出要求”scientific establishment “科研机构”in detail 详细地a certain amount of “一定数量的”not related to…“与...没有关系”immediate goals “直接目标”be unable to do…“没有能力去做...”in principle “原则上,基本上,大体上,在理论上”deal with “解决,处理”new forms of thought “新的思维方式”as well as “和,也,又”new subjects for thought “新的思维对象(或内容)”in the past “过去”give rise to sth. “引起,导致”1997an agreed account of…“关于...的共识”human rights “人权”leads ...to…“导致...走向...”或者“将...引向...”at the outset “开始,开端”invite sb. to do sth. “使某人去做某事”extend to 通常表示“伸出,延伸,扩展”;有时表示“提供、给予”,在此为第二种解释no…at all. “完全不,完全没有”Arguing from the view that…同“arguing that..."(大约是“认为是”的意思)different from.... “与...不相同”in every relevant respect “在每一个相关的方面”in action “在起作用”rather than “而不是”1998even more important 更为重要的是……be able to 能够……look into 观察,调查,向……的里面看,窥视,浏览put forward 提出be required for sb. to do sth. 向某人提出做某事的要求close in on…观测,研究本文应译为“靠近,接近”as expected 同预计的一样1999as…as………和……一样conform to 与……一致,与……相符合,符合,遵照,遵守see…as 把……看作……less…and more…与其说是因为……,不如说是因为……whether…or…是……还是……refer to 指,谈到,涉及peculiar to………所特有的in genera 一般的appropriate to………所适用的,……所适合的apply to 适用于,应用于,作用于,存在于(本文取此义)view…as…把……看作是……,认为……就是……equate…with…. 把……和……等同起来,认为……就是……2000under…conditions 在……条件下such as 像……,诸如……it is obvious that…显而易见的是be directly bound up with 与……密切相关in turn 轮流的,反过来rest upon…依靠,依赖,取决于of all kinds 各种……owing to 由于,因为be exposed to sth. 使……受到,使……接触be forced to do sth. 被迫……,不得不……for the reasons given above 由于上述原因spread over 遍布在……,延长,持续or so 大约because of 由于arise from…由……引起modern means of transport 现代交通工具2001be regarded as…把……看作rather than 是……而不是……,与其说……不如说……piece together 拼凑,汇集,整理hundreds of 数以百计的……around the world 世界各地key breakthroughs 重大突破take place 发生point out 指出lead to 导致home appliances 家用电器result in 导致2002what is called 所谓的trace…to…根据……来寻找……的根源and so on 等等…partly because…and partly because…部分原因是……,部分原因是……be held responsible for…对……负责任give credit for…因……而获得信任with it 随之……2003subject…to…使臣服,使隶属,使服从define…as…把...定义为makes…possible 使...成为可能2004have some connections with…与...存在某种联系take root 扎根be obliged to sb. 感谢某人die out 消亡,灭绝,逐渐消失so…that…如此...以至于...accuse sb. of…因为...控告(或指责)某人be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣come to 进而believe in 相信,信仰a sort of 一种,某种produce consequences for 对...产生影响2005bring together 把...组合到一起in relation to 关于, 涉及, 与…相比,与...相关one another 彼此,互相…out of…在...之中no less than 不少于take a loss 亏损make up 组成deal with 应付,处理on a scale 在某个规模it is no exaggeration to say…毫不夸张的说2006define…as…把...定义为...be analogous to…类似于...,与...相似as…as…象...一样...lead…to…使得(导致)...做...contribute to…有助于...,对...有贡献be charged with…承担...,被控告(在此是第一个意思)dedicate…to…把...投入到...make reflections on…对...进行思考。

新东方[唐静]09年考研翻译详细分析

新东方[唐静]09年考研翻译详细分析

试题题源:While it may be said, without exaggeration, that the measure of the worth of any social institution, economic, domestic, political, legal, religious, is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; yet this effect is not a part of its original motive, which is limited and more immediately practical.(48 words)命题专家把这个句子改写为:It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience, but this effect is not a part of its original motive. (33 words)参考译文:可以说,要衡量任何社会制度的价值,就要看它对扩大和改进经验方面的影响,但是这种影响并不是其原来动机的一部分。

翻译讲解:1. 整个句子的主干结构是but连接的两个并列句。

2. 第一个并列句这个句子有一个最简单的形式主语结构it may be said,然后有一个基本结构是the measure of … is in its effect in…,可以翻译为“衡量…是看在…中的效果”。

第二个并列句的结构非常简单。

3. 第一个并列句中主语中心词是measure后面带了两个of修饰结构,这种结构是属于考研翻译中考过无数次的结构,请参考94年71题,97年72题,01年74题,02年64题,和07年46题,等。

新东方汉译英笔记

新东方汉译英笔记

一、汉译英应试原则和基本程序(一)汉译英应试原则手法灵活(如遇难译之处,换用其它相近说法表达)语法正确(避免时态、语态、单复数等语法错误)内容忠实(必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来,不得有任何歪曲、遗漏或增删)语言闪光(译文符合英语表达习惯,且用词准确、多样)(二)汉译英基本程序1.理解通读并透彻理解原文含义2.翻译确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词3.审校首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容,是否有错译和漏译;其次,检查是否有语言上的明显错误,如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。

发现错误,及时改正。

二、汉译英专项练习一、倍数增减的表示法2) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍).3) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).4) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍).5) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一).6) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍).二、时态1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了).2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了).3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, ____ ___________(我姐姐将在海边度假).4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历).5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不,我已经有五年没有度假了).6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了).三、被动语态1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代).2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版).3) Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式).4) When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了,价格大大超出了我的预料).5) _______________(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.四、情态动词2) The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。

考研翻译笔记唐静

考研翻译笔记唐静

(一)考研翻译的解题“奥秘”做真题做翻译=写汉字Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-----and perhaps never before has it serve d so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.电视是一种激发和传递这些感情的方式。

在联系不同民族和国家方面, 电视也许以前从没有起如此大的作用像在最近几次欧洲事件中。

means: 方式by means of by modern means of transportCreate: 激发create feelingsServe: 起作用Peoples: 民族(二)考研翻译的题型、命题原则和考试内容1.考研翻译的题型1大的方面: 主观题汉字书写工整2小的方面: 阅读题没有必要通读全文有些情况下, 需要阅读划线句子的上下文划线句子有代词, 需要读上下文2.考研翻译的命题原则1体裁偏向学术文献, 比较抽象2题材偏向文科领域3划线的句子长30个字左右, 为长难句3.考研翻译的考试内容=考点1考察专有名词、词组和多义词的解释专有名词: 人名、地名、国家名称、组织机构名称、术语专业术语(常识性质的专有名词): Big Bang大爆炸理论SARS非典学科术语: anthropological 人类学的linguistics 语言学词组: as…as by means of例如, home appliances 家用电器die out 灭绝多义词: before serve life熟词生意:set 集, 集合offend 排污超标particle 粒子生词: 超纲词2考察一般性翻译技巧包括: 词序调整、词义选择A词序调整: 即改变英语单词在汉语译文中的先后顺序例如,I studied very hard in the classroom at 6 every morning. 我每天早上六点钟在教室认真地学习。

07XDF翻译笔记基本完全版本

07XDF翻译笔记基本完全版本

主讲:唐静制作:hnxyscpl一、三个论断1、考研英语是中国大陆组织的最难的一级的英语考试2、考研翻译是考研英语中最难的一部分3、非英语专业,未接受翻译训练二、英汉语两种语言的四大特点1、形合与意合(此为解决考研翻译的突破口)①英语:形合(通过形式上紧密结合在一起的,多用语法、连接词、介词、引导词)②汉语:意合(通过意义上紧密结合在一起的)翻译时,先看一句话的连接词和引导词,理解它的语法结构和逻辑结构例:我今天晚上吃食堂。

I am going to have my dinner in the dinning hall.I have a dream形合例子I say to you,my friends,so even though we must face the difficulties of today and tomorrow,I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed-we hold these truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal.I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia,sons of former slaves and sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day,even the state of Mississippi,a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression,will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.天净沙.秋思意合例子枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家。

考研英语翻译技巧总结—新东方唐静

考研英语翻译技巧总结—新东方唐静

一.考研翻译的复习策略一切以真题为主在碰真题之前要做的1.大纲单词一定要至少背过一遍2.解决长难句最基本的句法分析即能划出句子主干和非主干具体的方法:每日一题,花20分钟,按如下4步做1.用3-5分钟,用模拟考试的方式来把它作完,要写在白纸上,题目上不能有任何的提示,做的时候不许打草稿,一切完全按照考试的时候来进行2.然后花上10多分钟,把刚刚作题时自己觉得不确定的,觉得翻的不舒服的地方都先通过查字典来解决3.按照评分标准自己给自己打分4.从第2天起可以看看有没有以前犯过的错误再次发生二.考研英语翻译的现状和特点从03年至今,翻译的分值保持在10分,我们要用20分钟的时间来做这十分,最多不能超过25分钟.目前翻译考试要求翻的字数大致在170字左右a.考研翻译的给分标准:最小的扣分单位是0.5分,每个句子2分,通常是由0.5*4或1+0.5*2组成1.分段给分大意对就有分2.微观扣分关键词要求翻对,通常3个关键词(也称为微观踩分点)0.5分.但有时候在句子的主干里的关键词一个就是0.5分3.综合评分--根据先分段给分,再微观扣分,最后综合得出分数b.考研翻译题目的特点体裁:是学术性,说明性的议论文题材:来自国外主流报刊的学术文章以及学术刊物中一般介绍性的文章(内容并不特别深奥),一般都是属于人文社科素材:欧美著名高校的教材特点:语言风格正式,客观,信息量大选择作为翻译的句子标准:长句,难句,其中难句是指:倒装,省略,比较结构与并列结构c.考研翻译的标准一般来说翻译要做到的标准是:信faithfulness,达expressiveness,雅gracefulness在考研中我们要做到的最低要求是:准确,通顺,完整准确就是把句子的意思准确的翻译出来,而通顺则需要我们平时练习的时候要拿出小学生改作文的样子来看自己写的句子,翻译出来的句子是符合中文的习惯用法的.完整的话就是句子的主干一定要先翻译出来.这是分段给分的标准eg.Study serves for delight,for ornament,and for ability.这里serve for=contribute to=be helpful to=有助于考研翻到下个程度就可以拿到全部分数:"学习有助于使人心情愉快,美化人的形象,提高人的能力."而最美的翻译是:"读书可以怡情,可以博采,可以长才"三.考研英语翻译的翻译作题方法一般的翻译有三种翻译的方法,考研英语翻译在这里是相同的它们分别是1.literal直译,通常80%的翻译可以用直译解决2.free意译,15%的翻译要用到意译3.vocal音译,直译和意译处理不了的可以用音译来解决.音译通常用在专有名词的大写国家名,人名,地名a.音译的规律对于已经约定俗成的名词,翻译出的名词必须是对的Churchill--丘吉尔,Seoul--首尔,Hugo--雨果,NBA--NBA而对于还没有形成约定俗成的词,必须翻译成汉语,但是可以根据读音随便写汉字,不要太过分就行比如Whorlf,Pearson这类没有名气的人名就可以随便根据读音写汉字最后对于一些一看就不是英语词,发音规律不符合英语的,无法确定的外来词比如Sapir,Boas时,可以直接抄英语b.直译不等于死译具体要求为:1'能在字典能找到该意思2'基本单位可以是词组3'翻译结果可根据情景改变直译不单单是对单词的直接翻译,要注意对词,意群,语境的理解eg.Get out!通常的解释是"滚"但请看下面的对话A:You are so beatiful today!B:Get out.在这个对话中Get out的意思是少来这套直译有时还要考虑翻译句子所处的专业或场景看下面的句子What's the mix of business and economy?当它出现在航空领域的意思为:请问公务舱和经济舱的比率是多少?c.意译不代表乱译四.考研英语的翻译技巧及要点a.指代词一般来说考场上做翻译题的时候不需要阅读全文,但是如果在句子的主干里遇到了代词,尤其是在主语里遇到了指代词,就说明上文有出现过,一定要把指代词找出来.这时可以按照以下3点找出代词的意思1.就近原则,从这个代词往前找2.注意语法一致(包括单复数一致)3.主句优先,优先选择在主句,主干的名词特例:It is....that....This boy....这时就不需要找了而有时this会指代上文的整句话,就直接把它翻译成这+事实/情况/理论/现象....b.时态现象中英文在时态上的区别比较大,中文的词是不需要根据时态来变化的,所以我们在做题的时候一定要多多关注时态.1'f or bei ng和to do的区别请看这句例句:It is very considerate of you for being/to be quiet when baby sleep.for being表示的是已经完成的状态,而to be则显然是还没有做这里两个的意思分别是在婴儿睡觉的时候保持安静,你真是体谅人啊(整句句子是褒义的)在婴儿睡觉的时候保持安静才是一个懂得体谅的人应该做的!(说明是贬义的)2'英语中的过去式有暗含的逻辑常表示过去是这样,而现在则不是了3'一般现在式和现在进行式的比较一般现在式描述坚定的动作而现在进行式则有一个将来的概念,同时还只表示当时当地的行为eg.He's being polite解释是"他只是装的有礼貌而已"I'm lovin it.我就喜欢(我这会更想吃麦当劳)c.逻辑主语的补充对于逻辑主语在中英文中也有很大区别英语中从句中的主语如果省略的话,就直接任务是主句中主语;而中文中由于我们的语言是意合的,我们在从句和主句中的主语是可以不同的,这就会使我们在转化的时候发生问题.I have a dream of being a new treatment to cancer.At the age of5,my grandfather died.以上两句话都是错误的,原因就是中英文在逻辑主语上的区别按上面的写法,前一句的意思为:我有一个梦想是成为一种新的治疗癌症的方法.(人怎么能成为方法呢)后一句的意思是:在我祖父5岁的时候,他就死了.(祖父5岁就能有儿子吗,没儿子又那里来你)意思上显然是不对的正确的写法是:I have a dream of there being a new treatment to cancer我有一个梦想就是诞生一种新的治疗癌症的方法.At my age of5,my grandfather died.在我5岁的时候,我的祖父死了.d.英语的句子中会出现很多的被动结构,我们翻译的时候要注意这点,要求把被动翻出来,但不能用"被"这个词,或者就是把被动化成主动e.标点符号不会成为考点,一般都是照抄f.划分长难句的方法(寻找切分点)1'寻找并列复合句的连接词:and,but2'寻找主从复合句中的连接词:状语从句的连接词when,where,for,because,although,so...that...定语从句的连接词that,which主语从句的连接词that,what宾语从句的连接词动词+that同谓语从句的连接词名词+that表语从句的连接词be+that3'寻找介词in,at,on,of介词做定语和状语介词后面加一个修饰结构4'寻找不定式5'寻找分词6'寻找一些标点符号以上6类找到后都切了,剩下的就是句子的主干了g.名词的翻译方法1'一些词可以通过音译的方法翻译出来,详细的方法见上面的音译上说的这里再补充一些词ELNino--厄尔尼诺SriLanKa--斯里兰卡Tsunami--海啸Hawking--霍金BigBang--大爆炸BSE--疯牛病Native Americans--印第安人the Old Continent--欧洲大陆the New World--美洲大陆如果遇到实在不能翻译的词,我们可以加引号然后照抄2'对于专有名词,我们一般都是严格直译eg.ground-based detector--以地面为基础的探测器--地基探测器inflation universe theory--宇宙膨胀理论balloon-borne instrument--球载仪器kitchen rage--厨房狂躁症3'遇到超纲单词时我们可以利用词根词缀来切分4'在不能直译,需要我们意译的时候其实就是寻找汉语的近义词,直接做汉语的填空题5'关于专有名词加冠词的方法大写专有名词可以分为两种:专有专有和普通专有专有专有指的是在把大写专有名词改写为小写后,就无此词或者该词的意思不同了.专有专有的词不加the比如:China,America普通专有指的是把大写专有名词改写为小写后,这个词依然存在且意思不变的.在普通专有的词前要加the比如:the United States,the Great Wall特例的三个原则:1'乐冠球零原则即乐器的前面要加the而球类的前面不用2'脉冠山零原则即指一个山脉的时候要加the,而指一座山峰的时候不用加eg.Everest--珠姆郎玛峰,the Himalayas--喜马拉雅山脉Mont Blanc--勃朗峰,the Alps--阿尔卑斯山脉3'阴冠阳零原则这是针对节日来说的,即所有阴历的节日前都要加the,而所有阳历的节日就不用五.考研英语的翻译技巧及要点(句法考点)1.定语及定语从句的翻译总的来说常用的方法有两种:前置法和后置法.另外当前置法和后置法都用的不理想时可以用状译法和融合法a.前置法是改变定语或定语从句的位置,但不改变它们的角色--即它们还是在句子中做定语用前置法的条件:1'结构简单,无大套小2'信息量小(句子中有省略的不算)翻译成:XX的OO(XX就是定语)b.后置法是不改变它们的位置,但它们的角色要变,变成另外一个分句后置时,从句一定要添加主语--即重复先行词做主语当一个先行词特别长时,可以用代词来代替那个先行词eg.A factory that was established by my parents and theirfriends.翻译成:这是一个工厂,这个工厂(它)是由我父母和他们朋友创办的.而如果遇到非限定性定语从句时,选择后置法c.状译法--就是把定语从句按照一个状语来翻译出来例如:A driver who is driving a bus should not talk to others.司机在开车时不应该跟别人说话.d.融合法--直接翻译就行,不用考虑前置和后置There is a man who is standing downstairs and waiting to talkto you直接等同于There is a man standing downstairs and waiting to talk to you翻译成:有个人站在楼下等着和你说话eg.P13第62题(在这里提到的P第几页都是指靳萌老师的白色讲义,下同)融合法通常用在当一个句子的定语或定语从句占据了句子的很大一个部分的时候e.多重定语翻译的方法1'Of的叠加比如:A of B of C of D译为:D_C_B_A,空格处根据情况加上"的"或语气词eg.P31第71题;P33第71题特殊情况:包含of的固定搭配时要注意,这时不能按上面的硬翻eg.P17第71题;P31第73题2'B A of C+(in/on/at…..)+D+(to do/doing/done)其中B为形容词,A为名词.可以译为:D_C_B Aeg.P27第71题这里补充下如何判断是不是定语从句a.如何区分由where/when引导的时间状语从句还是定语从句当where/when的前面的名词是:时间/时期/地方则引导的是定语从句其他的就是时间状语从句b.如何区分定语从句还是同谓语从句同谓语从句的从句本身是完整的,而定语从句的that后面的句子是不完整的,先行词恰恰就是后面句子所缺的部分.同时同谓语that前面的词的范围比较小,通常只是事实/观点/现象/情况/想法/理论这些词2.强调句的翻译方法a.还原被强调的部分b.直接翻译c.在句子的开头加"这就是",在被强调的部分前加"的"eg.It is the man that i don't want to see.先把原句变为I don't want to see the man.直接翻译:我不想见到那个人最后就是:这就是我不想见到的那个人3.主语从句的翻译方法a.当是由that引导时,可以直接忽略thatb.当是由what引导时,在句子中加所字c.当是由疑问词来引导时,则直接翻译疑问句d.当遇到whether...or...,翻译成"是...还是..."e.形式主语--It is+adj+that A可以翻译成"adj的是A"或"A+这是adj"It is said/reported...A...翻译为:据...A/泛指主语...4.there be结构的翻译方法a.There be+sth有....b.There be+sth+时间/地点注意有字两边分eg.Once upon a time,there is a hill.从前有座山There is a temple on the hill.山里有座庙c.There be+被动语态要增加泛指主语5.同谓语从句的翻译方法在被同谓的部分前--就是在that前的名词前添加"这/这样一个"在that的前加"即"或者是"冒号"6.状语和状语从句的翻译方法先明确一个概念,一个句子中,状语出现在中文的主语后,动词前,时间在前,地点在后.首先可以把状语从句分为两类:第一类:目的,结果,方式状语从句这类不需要规定位置,可以直接按照原文顺序进行转换thus,hence--因此so...that...--如此...以至于方式状语从句,翻译在主句后动词前eg.P17第75题第二类:原因,时间,条件,让步状语从句翻译的方法是:中文状语从句在前,主句在后a.原因状语从句--可以翻译为:因为...所以....due to/awing to/thanks to/lie in/through/arise form+原因,引导原因状语从句而arouse/lead to/result in/give rise to/bring about+结果through在引导长句子时也可以表示原因特殊情况:1'当由because/for引导的原因状语从句特别长/占了句子的绝大部分时,我们要避免头重脚轻改为翻译成:"之所以....是因为...."2'否定转移的情况请看这句句子:She didn't marry him because she loved him.这句句子真正的意思是:她跟他结婚不是因为她爱他等于She marry him not because she loved him.遇到be+not+否定转移---翻译为"并没有因为什么而成为"这里要注意标点的作用上面的句子加个逗号就是我们常见的意思了She didn't marry him,because she loved him.她没跟他结婚是因为她爱他再看下面的对比:A woman without her man is nothing.A woman,without her,man is nothing.意思是不是完全不同了啊b.时间状语从句特殊的时间引导词until A,B或A,until B---指A先发生B后发生;B的发生导致A的改变或结束.翻译为:如果不eg.P37第75题,P15第65题c.条件状语从句in that如果从某个方面说/某一点来看eg.Salt is the same as suger in that they are both substances.in case/in case that以免+虚拟语气--如果...就不好了if only+虚拟语气--但愿/如果...就好了only if--只有/当且仅当so long as--只要suppose that--假如given that/provided that+过去式/完成式(做完了)--如果,即使in view of the case that--鉴于d.让步状语从句through/althrough--尽管...但是...while(在句首时)=through/althrougheven if/in spite of/despite/despite that--尽管7.宾语从句的翻译方法--宾语从句只要注意把动词补充完整就行8.主语从句的翻译方法be+that引导主语从句--把所有的be+that全部翻成"在于"六,考研英语翻译的难点解析语序上的难点:倒装,插入语句法上的难点:省略其他难点:比较结构,并列结构,被动句,否定用法,增词1.被动句a.直接把被动拿掉b.如果是由情态动词+be done构成的比如:can/would should must/have to把它们改为情态动词加动词原形进行翻译eg.P29第74题c.主宾颠倒A is done by B可以翻译为B do Ad.增加泛指主语形如:It is said....It is believed人们认为There's no agreed2.比较结构a.同级比较--同级比较比相同as+(形容词)+as--两者一样(形容词)not...any more than两者一样都不(同级比较的否定形式)eg.A not...any more than B--A不...同理B也不...b.差级比较--差级比较比差级,两者取一,有主有次A not so much as B与其说...不如说...A rather than B是A而不是B(而当A比较长的时候)译为与其说A不如说Brather A than B与其说B不如说Aeg.I'd rather die than to surrender.我宁死不屈less A and more B与其A不如B(首先B其次A)在绝大多数情况下,比较结构中的呼应的词是同义词eg.P21第72题3.并列结构either...or...neither...nor...A as well as B-- A...,B也一样(用于A比较长的时候)跟A一样,B是...(用于B比较长的时候)或者译成A和B一样...not(that)...but(that)...不是...而是...whether...or...在并列结构中and是我们遇到最多的,且具有实际功能一般是结构照应或内容呼应,当内容呼应时意思要么类似要么相对4.省略省略的关键就是要补全,缺那个补那个通常是由and或冒号来连接的时候,前面是a+b,后面只有a,要把b补全5.插入语--两个逗号之间的内容a.独立结构做插入语furthermore,actually等翻译时先跳过这些独立结构,直接翻译句子主干,最后在句子的开头加上就行,而在作文中,独立结构的位置应该是加在主语和谓语之间b.主谓等句子主干做插入语这就是本句句子的第一个0.5分通常是某人提出某个观点6.倒装a.虚拟语气中的倒装它是一个部分倒装,返回正常形式翻译就行eg.P29第75题b.否定前置引起的倒装也是个部分倒装,通常是助动词倒装具体形式如:no sooner...than/not only...but also...c.表语前置引起的倒装Sth is strange to sb.--Sth对于Sb来说是陌生的eg.P23第75题d.宾语和宾语补足语的倒装正常的语序是:make sth possible现在变为:make()possible sth例题:P7第46题,P7第47题,都是这种倒装的典型难题7.否定结构部分否定All that glitters is not gold.发光的不都是金子.Both of the books are not published in Britain.这两本书并不都是在英国出版的.Everyone in the office doesn't like him.办公室里并不是每个人都喜欢他口是心非型a.nothing but--绝对是cannot...too再...也不为过b.anything but--绝不是far from--远远不是too...to--太...以至于不能fail/last/want/abscent/lack+to do/sth没有做某事言不由衷型It's not my favorite.==I hate it.压根不喜欢I'm not pround of it.--这事我觉得丢人.It's not my cup of tea.--委婉的拒绝方式.这不是我想要的东西(我们不合适,不般配) You are(好词)in your own way--你以你自己的方式...(暗示不好)no more than仅仅no less than多达P9第48题mal-mis-under-常见的否定前缀8.增词a.抽象--具体加范畴词b.定语从句后置--增加主语c.时态的增词补充时态知识,英语中共16种时态时:现在;过去;将来;过去将来态:一般;进行;完成;完成进行一共C4*C4=16种过去式--曾经,了,过去,过完成式--了,已经进行式--正,正在,正当,正处于将来式to do/will--会,将要,即将d.增加泛指主语e.代词的增词this/it/they--代词的所指f.省略的补充g.解说增词--句子不缺成分,完全是为了中文的通顺。

新东方唐静总结翻译单词

新东方唐静总结翻译单词

46) believe, assert, claim, argue, assume, maintain, contend, point out, be convinced that, accept, prove, demonstrate, validate, state, scribe, tell, show, consider, opine, difficulty, difficult, compensate, compensate for, advantage, advantageous, advance, force, strength, power, thus, therefore, hence, enable, detect, detector, error, mistake, false, flaw, shortcoming, reason, reasoned, reasoning, reasonable, observe, observation, observer;47) follow, pure, purely, abstract, concrete, limit, confine, certain;48) as well, as well as, found, charge, change, critics, criticize, critical, criticism, while;49) add, addition, in addition, additional, tradition, traditional, humble, humbly, perhaps, possible, possibly, probable, probably, superior, superior to, super, inferior, inferior to, common, ordinary, banal, notice, attention, escape, carefully, careful, care, take care of;50) loss, lose (lost), at a loss, take a loss, injurious, injure, injury, intellect, intellectual, intelligence, wisdom, moral, virtue, virtually, virtual, character, characterize, characteristic;07年46) legal, law, preserve, conserve, institution, constitution, view, view…as, regard…as, take…as, see…as, special, specialize, specific, especial, especially; peculiar, peculiar to, particular, particularly, rather than, necessary, essential, essence, critical, significant, significance, equipment, equip, facility;47) link, connect, connection, on the other, on the other hand, on the one hand, concept, notion, real, reality, in a way, in a manner, in a form, parallel, parallel to, journal, journalist, base, basic, basis, comment, comment on, cover;48) idea, profound, profoundly, far-reaching, citizen, rest on/upon, rely on, depend on/upon, responsible, responsibility, be held responsible for, response, media, news media, news agency, establish, established, establishment, convention;49) grasp, have a grasp of, command, have a good command of, feature, competent, competition, competitive, compete,50) reaction, react, action, in action, interaction, enhance, promotion, promote, preferable, prefer, infer, confer, favor, flavor, favorite, judge, judgment, make judgments of;46) define, definition, define…as…, select, elect, individual, active, activity, primary, duty, thinking, thought;47) analogous, analogous to, analyze, analysis, function, obligation, be obliged to do sth., be obliged to sb., obligate, be obligated to do sth., clear, course, cause, lead to, reveal, decision, decisive, decide;48) exclude, exclusive, include, conclude, conclusion, contribute, contribution, contribute to, make contribution to, distribute, distribution, accomplishment, accomplish, complete, solution, solve, resolve, be charged with, approach, aspect, inspect, expect, respect, expect, task;49) code, rule, dedicate, dedicate to, govern, government, energy, conduct, conduction, production, produce, explore, exploration; more than, less than, no more than, no less than, more than +数字, more than +名词/动词, more than +形容词/副词, no more than=no any more than;50) independent, independence, interdependence, reflect, reflection, make reflection on, earn, involve, salary;05年46) television, means, feeling, convey, connect, nation, create, invent, event, recent;47) multi-media, increase, increasingly, bring, publish, in relation to, relation, relate, related to, concern, concerning;48) alone, only, survive, underline, undergo, undertake, undermine, state, statistics, loss, take a loss, at a loss,49) identify, identity, respect, expect, aspect, represent, present, presentation, fabricate, fabric, continent, task, demand, choose, choice, strategic, policy;50) deal with, deal, challenge, scale, on…scale, exaggeration, it is no exaggeration to say…, unite, unity, divide;04年61) structure, instruction, instrument, construction, process, procedure, schedule, real, reality, realize, diversity, diverse, philosophy, philosopher;62) grateful, gratitude, different from, vanish, abolish, assimilate, similar, native, local;63) describe, description, strike, striking, remark, remarkable, accuse, accuse…of…, data, date;64) interested in, relationship, relative, relatively, determine, habit, habitual, though;65) come to, believe in, a sort of, linguistics, physics, psychology, aesthetics, art, fine art, archaeology, anthropology, economy, psychiatry, law, media,cross-culture, mathematics, math, physician, chemistry, humanity, form, formula, formulate, grammar, pattern, produce, consequence, consequently;03年61) furthermore, further, ability, able, enable, inability, modify, change, charge, exchange, environment, deteriorate, subject, reject, refuse, fancy;62) branch, inquire, acquire, require, endeavor, order, disorder, system, passion, seek, scientific, science, phenomenon;63) combine, integrate, integration, perspective, unique, distinct, distinctly;64) complex, complicated, sophisticated, include, conclude, exclude, conclusion, custom, consume, consumer. Simple, simplicity, implicit, explicit;65) make…possible, research;02年61) almost, behavior, trait, trace;62) explain, explanation, explanatory, item, hard, remain, obscure;63) evolution, revolution, innovation, invention, invest, investigation, recognize;64) possess, possession, govern, government, theory, essential, credit, achieve, achievement, conduct, conduction;65) until, till, issue,01年71) chat, host, hold, pollution, containment;72) personality, personnel, personal, relax, relaxation, recreation, digital;73) breakthrough, break out, breakout, out-break, outset, take place, discover;74) ultimate, terminate, termination, century, millennium, decade, thousands of, hundreds of, for the better part of decade, half, quarter, triple, double;75) home, demotic, exotic, apply, apply to, application, appliance, control, operate, operation, cooperation, corporation, company;2000年71) condition, situation, circumstance, situate, vary, varying, various, variety, variety of, expert;72) obvious, ambiguous, be bound up with, bind, efficient, efficiency, industry, agriculture, horticulture, in turn, effort, all kinds;73) owing to, remarkable, mass, communication, community, expose, be exposed to, introduce, for the reason given above;74) pattern, spread, or so;75) stress, migrate, migration, arise from, arise, rise, give rise to, raise,1999年71) while, almost, historian, history, practice, conform, conform to, inform, uniform, attempt;72) valid, validate, validity, discipline, code, rule, intern, extern, quarrel, among;73) transfer, transparent, augment, argument, design, interpret, interpretation, evidence, evident;74) agreement, refer to, in general, generally, generally speaking, largely, appropriate, inappropriate;75) equal, equally, equate, equate…with, source, res ource, activity, animate, animation;1998年71) look into, exist, exit, existence, resident, residence, citizen;72) giant, enormous, virtually, virtual, virtue, put forward, propose, dominant;73) report, finding;74) triumph;75) odd, sound, inflation, inflate, plausible, elementary, primary;1997年71) actually, in fact, account, accountant;72) contract, entitle, title, entitlement;73) discuss, discussion, consider, consideration, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or, extend, extend to, treat;74) relevant, extreme, choose, choice;75) encourage, instinct;1996年71) cause, complete, result, result from, result in, to some extent, accelerate;72) trend, detail, in detail;73) support, an amount of, goal, immediate;74) elegant, elegance, in principle, principal, fascinate, delight;75) standard, criterion;1995年71) target, attack, in doing sth., divert, diversion, competent, incompetent, competition, competitive;72) predict, prediction, reliable, skill;73) experiment, experience, avail, available, comparative, compare, contrast;74) quality, precise;75) favorable, favor; youngster, tell;1994年71) not so much…as, as…as, not so…as, through, insight, welfare, health, worth, genius, improve, tool;72) contend, as we call it, number, numerable, innumerable, expand, a series of, direction, direct;73) ignore, careless, fundamental;74) revolve;75) finance, financial, vice versa, etc, et al.。

唐静:考研翻译冲刺必背单词英汉版

唐静:考研翻译冲刺必背单词英汉版

唐静:考研翻译冲刺必背单词英汉版08年46) believe相信,assert断言, claim声称, argue争论, assume假设, maintain主张, contend 斗争坚持说, point out指出, be convinced that确信, accept接受, prove证明, demonstrate展示游行证明, validate证明, state状态,州,说明,陈述, scribe描述, tell说明, show说明展示, consider考虑, opine表达观点, difficulty困难, difficult困难的, compensate补偿, compensate for 补偿, advantage优点, advantageous有优势的, advance进步发展, force力量被迫, strength力量, power力量, thus因此, therefore因此, hence因此, enable使能够, detect探察发现, detector侦探侦测器, error错误, mistake失误, false错误, flaw缺点瑕疵, shortcoming缺点, reason推理原因, reasoned理性的, reasoning推理, reasonable合理的, observe观察, observation观察, observer 观察者;47) follow跟随, pure纯, purely纯, abstract抽象的, attract吸引, concrete具体的, limit限制有限的, confine限制, certain确认;48) as well也, as well as和一样, found建立, charge指控, change改变, critics批评家, criticize批评, critical关键的重要的, criticism批评, while当然而;49) add加, addition增加, in addition此外, additional另加的, tradition传统, traditional传统的, humble谦虚的, humbly谦虚地, perhaps也许, possible可能, possibly可能, probable可能, probably可能地, superior比高级有优势, superior to比高级, super超级, inferior不如, inferior to 不如, common普通, ordinary普通, banal普通的陈腐的, notice注意说明, attention注意, escape 逃跑, carefully当心, careful小心的, care关心, take care of照顾;50) loss失去, lose丢失(lost), at a loss迷茫不知所措, take a loss亏损, injurious对有伤害, injure受伤, injury受伤, intellect智力, intellectual智力知识分子, intelligence智力, wisdom智慧, moral道德, virtue美德, virtually实际上事实上, virtual虚拟的, character文字角色性格, characterize有特点, characteristic特色;07年46) legal法律的合法的, law法律, preserve保存, conserve保留保护, institution机构, constitution宪法, view观点景色, view…as把看作为, regard…as把看作为, take…as把看作为, see…as把看作为, special特别, specialize专业, specific具体的, especial尤其的, especially尤其是; peculiar奇怪的特有的独特的, peculiar to特有的, particular特殊的, particularly特别是, rather than而不是, necessary必须的, essential必不可少的, essence精华, critical关键的重要的, significant重要的, significance重要性, equipment装备, equip装有, facility设施;47) link连接, connect联系, connection联系, on the other另外, on the other hand另一方面, on the one hand一方面, concept概念, notion观念概念, real真实, reality现实, in a way以这种方式, in a manner以这种方法, in a form以这种形式, parallel平行, parallel to与相平行, journal杂志, journalist记者, base基础, basi c基础的, basis基础, comment评论, comment on评论, cover报道覆盖评论;48) idea观点理论想法, profound深刻的, profoundly深刻地, far-reaching影响深远的意义重大的深刻的, citizen市民, rest on/upon依靠取决于, rely on依靠取决于, depend on/upon依靠取决于, responsible负责的, responsibility责任, be held responsible for对负责, response反响响应, media媒介, news media新闻媒体, news agency新闻办, establish建立, established已经建立的, establishment机构建立, convention传统;49) grasp抓掌握, have a grasp of掌握, command命令, have a good command of掌握, feature特点, competent竞争, competition竞争, competitive有竞争力的, compete竞争,50) reaction反映, react反映, action行动, in action在起作用, interaction互相作用, enhance 提高, promotion提高, promote促进, preferable愿意的可取的, prefer宁愿, infer推理提示, confer商量, favor喜欢, flavor风味, favorite喜欢的, judge评判法官, judgment评判, make judgments of对做出评判;06年46) define定义, definition下定义, define…as…把定义为, select选择, elect挑选, individual 个人的, active活力, activity活动, primary主要的, duty责任, thinking思考思维, thought思想思维;47) analogous类似, analogous to与类似, analyze分析, analysis分析, function作用, obligation责任, be obliged to do sth被迫做某事有责任做某事, be obliged to sb感谢某人, obligate被迫, be obligated to do sth 被迫做某事,clear清楚明白, course课程, cause原因导致, lead to导致, reveal揭露, decision决心, decisive果断的具有决定意义的, decide决定;48) exclude排除, exclusive排它的独家的, include包含, conclude得出结论, conclusion结论, contribute贡献, contribution贡献, contribute to对做贡献, make contribution to做出贡献, distribute分发分散, distribution分散, accomplishment完成, accomplish完成, complete完全, solution解决, solve解决, resolve解决, be charged with承担, approach接近方法, aspect方面, inspect研究洞察, expect期待, respect尊重方面, task任务;49) code密码, rule规则, dedicate贡献, dedicate to把献给, govern管理, government政府, energy能力能量, conduct指挥, conduction指挥, production产品, produce生产, explore探索, exploration探索; more than比多, less than比少, no more than不多于, no less than不少于, more than +数字多, more than +名词/动词不仅仅不只是, more than +形容词/副词非常, no more than=not any more than不也不;50) independent独立, independence独立, interdependence互相依靠, reflect影响, reflection 影响, make reflection on影响, earn挣, involve包含包括, salary薪水;05年46) television电视, means工具, feeling感觉, convey传递表达, connect联系连接, nation 国家, create创造, invent发明, event事件, recent最近;47) multi-media大众媒体, increase增加, increasingly逐渐的, bring带来, publish出版, in relation to与有关, relation关系, relate亲戚, related to与有关, concern关心, concerning相关的;48) alone独自, only仅仅唯一, survive生存, underline强调突出下划线, undergo经历, undertake从事承担, undermine暗中破坏, state状态州陈述, statistics调查统计数据, loss失去, take a loss亏损, at a loss迷茫不知所措,49) identify辨别, identity身份, respect尊重方面, expect期待, aspect方面, represent代表, present出席现在礼物, presentation展示, fabricate编造捏造编织, fabric网络纤维, continent大陆, task任务, demand命令, choose选择, choice选择, strategic战略, policy政策;50) deal with处理, deal处理, challenge挑战, scale规模, on…scale在一定规模上, exaggeration夸张夸大, it is no exaggeration to say不夸张的说…, unite联合, unity集体单位, divide分;04年61) structure建造, instruction建立, instrument器械器具, construction建筑, process步骤过程, procedure步骤, schedule日程表, real真是, reality真实的, realize意识到, diversity多样性, diverse各样, philosophy哲学, philosopher哲学家;62) grateful感谢, gratitude感谢, different from与不同, vanish消失, abolish取消撤销废除, assimilate同化, similar相似, native本国, local地方;63) describe描述, description描述, strike罢工, striking打击罢工, remark评论标记, remarkable著名的, accuse起诉, accuse…of…指责, data数据, date日期;64) interested in对感兴趣, relationship关系, relative亲戚相关, relatively相关的, determine 决心, habit习惯, habitual习惯的, though虽然;65) come to逐渐得出, believe in相信, a sort of其中一种, linguistics语言学, physics物理, psychology心理学, aesthetics美学, art艺术, fine art美术, archaeology考古学, anthropology人类学, economy经济, psychiatry精神病学, law法律, media媒体, cross-culture跨文化, mathematics数学, math数学, physician医生, chemistry化学, humanity人文科学, form形式, formula工程式, formulate阐明, grammar语法, pattern模式, produce生产, consequence结果, consequently所以;03年61) furthermore更进一步, further进一步, ability能力, able可能, enable使能够, inability 没能力的, modify纠正, change改变, charge费用, exchange交换, environment环境, deteriorate 恶化, subject科目, reject排斥, refuse拒绝, fancy幻想;62) branch分支, inquire询问研究, acquire获得, require要求, endeavor努力, order命令顺序, disorder无命令, system系统, passion热情, seek寻找, scientific科学的, science科学, phenomenon现象;63) combine联合结合, integrate结合, integration整体一体化, perspective前景观点, unique独特的唯一的, distinct区别, distinctly区别的;64) complex复杂, complicated复杂, sophisticated复杂的狡猾的, include包含, conclude 得出结论, exclude排除, conclusion结论, custom风俗习惯, consume消费, consumer消费者. simple简单, simplicity简单的, implicit暗示, explicit明示;65) make…possible成为可能, research研究;02年61) almost几乎behavior行为trait特点trace跟踪62) explain解释explanation解释,hard困难, remain保持, obscure模糊;63) evolution进化, revolution革命, innovation革新创新, invention发明创造, invest投资, investigation研究调查检测, recognize认出;64) possess拥有具有, possession财产, govern管理, government政府管理, theory学说理论, essential重要, credit信用, achieve达到, achievement成功;65) until直到, till一直, issue问题事件发行,01年71) chat聊天, host主人主持, hold举行, pollution污染, containment污染;72) personality个性, personnel人事, personal个人的, relax放松, relaxation放松, recreation 娱乐, digital数字;73) breakthrough突破, break out爆发, breakout爆发, out-break爆发, outset开始, take place 发生, discover发现;74) ultimate最终, terminate终止, termination终点终端, century世纪, millennium千年, decade十年, thousands of成千上万几千, hundreds of几百, for the better part of decade七八年, half一半, quarter四分之一, triple三倍, double两倍;75) home家国内的, demoti c国内的, exotic异域的, apply申请, apply to申请, application 申请, appliance器具, control控制, operate操作, operation操作, cooperation合作, corporation公司company公司伙伴2000年71) condition条件, situation情况状况, circumstance环境状况, situate位于, vary变化, varying变化的不同的, various各种各样的, variety各种各样, variety of各式各样, expert专家;72) obvious明显, ambiguous模糊的, be bound up with相关, bind绑, efficient有效, efficiency效果, industry工业, agriculture农业, horticulture园艺, in turn反过来, effort努力, all kinds各种各样;73) owing to由于因为, remarkable显著的, mass大众大量, communication交流, community社区, expose暴露, be exposed to暴露于接触, introduce介绍引入, for the reason given above由于上述原因;74) pattern模式, spread扩大, or so大约;75) stress压力强调, migrate移民, migration移民, arise from由引起, arise出现上升, rise 上升, give rise to导致, raise增加喂养,1999年71) while当然而, almost几乎, historian历史学家, history历史, practice练习, conform一致, conform to符合与相一致, inform通知, uniform一致制服, attempt企图;72) valid有效的, validate使有效证明证实, validity有效性, discipline学科, internal内部的, external外部的, quarrel争论, among在中;73) transfer转变, transparent透明明显, augment增加, argument辩论, design设计, interpret 解释口译, interpretation解释, evidence证据, evident明显的;74) agreement同意, refer to提及涉及, in general总之, generally总体上, generally speaking 总的来说, largely总体, appropriate适合, inappropriate不适合;75) equal平等, equally平等的, equate与相等与一致, equate…with与相等与一致, source 来源, resource资源, activity活动, animate有生气, animation兴奋活跃;1998年71) look into搜索寻找, exist存在, exit出口, existence存在, resident居住, residence居住, citizen市民;72) giant巨大, enormous巨大的, put forward提出, propose提出, dominant主要的主导的;73) report报道, finding发现;74) triumph胜利;75) odd奇数奇怪, sound听起来, inflation通货膨胀, inflate膨胀, plausible看起来合理的, elementary基本的, primary主要的;1997年71) actually事实上, in fact事实上, account解释, accountant会计;72) contract合同, entitle使有权, title标题, entitlement权利;73) discuss讨论, discussion讨论, consider考虑, consideration考虑, either…or要么要么, neither…nor两者都不, whether…or是还是, extend扩展延伸, extend to对待, treat请客;74) relevant相对的, extreme极端的;75) encourage鼓励, instinct本能天生的;1996年71) result结果, result from由于, result in导致, to some extent在某种程度上, accelerate加速;72) trend趋势, detail细节, in detail详细;73) support支持, an amount of大量的, goal目标, immediate立即;74) elegant优雅的, elegance优雅, in principle大体上原则上, principal重要的, fascinate迷人, delight高兴;75) standard标准, criterion标准;1995年71) target目标, attack进攻抨击, in doing sth.在做某事的过程中, divert转移, diversion转移,;72) predict预言, prediction预言, reliable可靠的, skill技能;73) experiment试验实验, experience经验, avail有用, available有空的可获得的, comparative比较, compare比较, contrast对比相反;74) quality质量, precise精确;75) favorable喜欢, favor喜欢; youngster年轻人;1994年71) not so much…as与其说不如说, as…as与一样, not so…as与不一样, through因为通过, insight洞察, welfare福利, health健康, worth值得, genius天才, improve提高, tool工具;72) as we call it所谓的正如我们所说, number数字, numerable可数的一定数量的, innumerable巨大的无数的, expand扩大, a series of一系列, direction说明指导, direct说明;73) ignore忽视, careless粗心, fundamental基本的;74) revolve旋转;75) finance财政金融, financial财政的, vice versa反之, etc等等, et al及其它.更多考研免费资料请访问新东方在线考研资讯:考研动态| 报考指南| 复试调剂| 复习指导考研课程:考研英语| 考研政治| 考研数学| 统考专业课| 非统考专业课| 高辅| 艺考考研交流:考研英语| 考研政治| 考研数学| 考研专业课知识问答:考研英语| 考研数学| 考研政治| 考研知识| 专业课| 考研高辅| 考研艺术。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

新东方唐静翻译笔记整理版转载自:/viewthread.php?tid=129509考研翻译:a. 弄清什么是翻译(理论、教学、实践)/(translation、interpretation、交传、simultaneously interpretation)b. 怎么做翻译1. 考研翻译中英汉语语言特点1)形合与意合2)繁复与简短3)被动与主动少用被字4)抽象与具体根据汉语习惯增加表示范畴和概念的词来解释具体Evolution:进化find 发现(成果、结果) tension:缓解中东的紧张(形势、局面)must(必去的地方/景点)past(过去的情况、现象、景象)2. 考研翻译的题型、题型特点、考试内容和评分标准1)考研翻译的题型2)考研翻译的题型特点划线句子是长难句,一般35词3)考研翻译的考试内容(1)考察专有名词(人名、地名、国家名称、术语98年big bang 大爆炸理论常识性)、词组(inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论operational research expert运筹学专家)多义词(school学派life生命生活熟词生义set:集合offend:排污超标)生词(2)考察一般性翻译技巧:a)词义选择:分析词根词缀multimedia determinism(决定论)、分析上下文、根据汉语习惯搭配来翻译、寻找汉语同义词翻译aspect问题elegant 完善的,完美的b)词序调整:中英文词序不对等c)词性转换:介词换动词,名词换动词(emphasis)d)生词法(3)考察具体句型的翻译步骤和方法:定语状语宾语主语表语同位语并列比较倒装插入强调被动否定形式主语there be4)考研翻译的评分标准:分段给分微观评分综合扣分3. 考研翻译解题中的常见问题(只可意会不可言传、表达不清)和应对策略理解的关键在于理解英语的语法结构;表达的关键在于用汉语习惯来调整和翻译4. 考研翻译的步骤、标准和方法(严复:信、达、雅)标准:准确、通顺、完整步骤:通读全句,准确理解分析成分,划分意群选择词义,贴切表达适当调整,书写译文One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind(心理状态), feelings, traits of character(性格特征), human nature, and so on.一个困难在于几乎所有(全部)所谓的行为科学——一个困难在于所谓的行为科学几乎全部根据心理状态、情感、性格特征、人性等来寻找行为的根源——to: According to——Trace to: find the original thing according to sth.The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining thebehavior of the individual is only beginning to be recongnized and studied.得以认识加以研究Formula molecule formula(分子式)Nasdaq 纳斯达克hedge fund对冲基金nikki index同声传译:(1)翻译思维训练(2)跟读训练:跟读汉语,跟读英语(3)影子训练(shadow training)读完英语说答案定语从句其有两种翻译方法:绝对重点、考点1.前置:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词前面。

(short)Furthermore, humans have the ability to/ modify the environment/ in which they live,/ thus subjecting all other life forms to /their own peculiar ideas and fancies.而且,therefore,hence,thusSubject(1)n:科目课程主题,对象New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to newstandards of elegance.(2)使…服从于life forms生命形式代词所指,首先指代明确,常常往前看。

遵循就近和一致原则。

万不得已,仍用代词翻译或者可以用“这种情况/说法/观点”来翻译But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past(过去的情景), for what they were seeing were the patterns(形状)and structures that existed 15 billion years ago还原强调部分后,直接翻译How well(在多大程度上)the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it(指代information)is interpreted.(解释信息)This trend began during the Second World War, when(当时)several governments came to the conclusion (得出结论)that the specific demands (that a government wants to make)of its scientific establishment(机构)cannot generally be foreseen in detail.(详细预见)同位语从句的翻译:加“:”同位语从句与定语从句的区别:同位语从句是一句完整的话,不缺少任何成份;定语从句的先行词的数量很多,而同位语的先行词数量则很少,常用的有news、fact、conclusion、idea、suggestion等定语从句需前置:如果定语从句结构简单,信息负载量不大,并且与先行词的关系比较密切,翻译时前置。

定语从句后置需要重复先行词。

2.后置:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面。

(long)人名地名1、遵照习惯2、根据音译Cliton(1)Pearson has pieced together(已经汇集了)the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce(编定、编制) a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest(最晚的、最迟的)dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.(2)Actually(事实并非如此), it isn't(这种说法是错误的), because it assumes(假设)that there is an agreed(一致的)account(认识)of human rights, which(an agreed account)is something (无需翻译)the world does not have(存在).(3)There will be television chat shows(电视聊天节目,不能用“秀”) hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that(cars)will disable(不能运行,行使)them when they offend(污染超标,违规)时态的翻译:增词法1.所有跟过去相关的时态增加“过去”、“一直”、“已经”还有“了”;2.所有跟进行相关的时态常常用“正在”3.所有跟将来相关的时态用“将”、“将要/将会”、“就要”Digital age will have arrived.届时数字时代到来。

Short屹立相形见绌monk 和尚there be句型的翻译:通常用“有”来翻译1.用英语原文中的状语作汉语译文的主语,再加“有”2.加汉语的泛指主语,如“人们”、“大家”、“每一个人”、“我们”3.直接翻译“有”,翻译成汉语的无主句(有、出现、存在)There will be a warm winter.(4)"In short", a leader of the new school(学派) contends(说,指出,认为), "the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded(拓展)the reach(领域)of science in innumerable directions." 73) Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.常考动词:contend argue assert claim allege mentain长句猜意拆分与组合:拆出主句,分清从句拆出主干,分清层次六个拆分点:1.连词;2.引导词;3.介词;4.分词;5.to;6.标点7单个单词不能拆分拆分的法则:语法;组合的法则:汉语习惯。

相关文档
最新文档