2019届高考英语一轮复习【科技与社会类阅读理解题】专项精练卷及解析
【2019版】高考英语：阅读理解一轮练题(8)(含解析)
2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（8）李仕才ANowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有机体), which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a nonspecific but stable change. For many people, the hightech production raises all kinds of environmental, ethical, health and safety problems. Particularly in countries with long farming traditions, the idea seems against nature.In fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They were first put on the market in 1996. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in the U. S. last year was the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic genie is out of the bottle.However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number of foods to choose from, and a supply that goes beyond the needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fastgrowing and underfed populations, the matter is simpler and much more urgent: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. The UN states that nearly 800 million people around the world are unhealthy. About 400 million women of childbearing age don' t have enough iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats.As many as 100 million children suffer from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness.How can biotech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values. Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil andcrop viruses.1.The passage mainly talks about________.A. the world's food problemB. the development in biotechC. the genetically modified foodsD. the way to solve food shortages2.According to the passage, GM foods________.A. will replace naturally grown foodsB. are far better than naturally grown foodsC. may help to solve the problem of poor nutritionD. can cause serious trouble in developing countries3.The underlined sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.”in Paragraph 2 probablymeans that________.A.GM foods are available everywhereB. the technology in producing GM foods is advancedC. genetic technology may have uncontrollable powersD. genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets4.What's the writer's attitude towards GM foods?A. Enthusiastic.B. Cautious.C. Disapproving.D. Unbelievable.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了转基因食品及其对人类生活的影响。
(完整word版)2019届高考英语阅读理解：科普类说明文--有解析.doc
1科教科普类1、Australia leads the world in its number of resident poisonous spiders as well as the strengthof their toxicity( 毒性 ). However,of almost 9,800 species most are perfectly harmless andinteresting.Spider diversity is broad and many fascinating species occur here that range from the large tothe tiny and hardly noticed, and from the dullest black to the strangely shaped.Spiders can be roughly classified according to the strategies( 策略) they use for feeding.Spiders which appeared earlier in the evolutionary scale feed by waiting in a cave for food to comealong before grabbing it. Following them were spiders which actively wandered looking forfood and which caught it by chasing it down. The evolution of flying insects makes spiders evolvenew ways of catching food which couldn’ t be chased and so the earliest air web weavers arose.Most spiders feed on insects and other arthropods but the Whistling Spider feeds on frogs andsmall birds. The Golden Orb Spider also feeds on small birds.A spider periodically sheds( 蜕皮 ;脱落 ) its skin so that it can grow. Immature stages are called moults. Each species has a particular number of moults that it will go through before reaching itsfinal adult stage.Usually, once male spiders have mated, they die shortly after. But, even in death, Redbackmales often serve a purpose. The already pregnant Redback females always kill their lover and,in most cases, also eat them. This provides them with a small reproductive advantage.Allowing spiders to take up places around houses can be beneficial in that they catchother annoying insects such as mosquitoes and flies.Rest assured that while you might see some large spiders, and perhaps even some poisonousones, a good rule is to look and admire but don't touch any spider you find. Even those withoutpoison could still have a nasty bite.1.Different families of spiders are identified themselves by ______.A.their physical characterB.their ways of getting foodC.the strength of their toxicityD.their effect on the environment1A.Spiders that chase down insects for food.B.Spiders that wait for the insects to come along.C.Spiders that can weave webs to catch flying insects.D.Spiders that actively go out to look for insects as food.3.If a spider stays on the wall of your house, you______. ’ d betterA.kill itB.feed itC.let it beD.chase it out4.What is the passage mainly talking about?A.A brief introduction of spiders.B.The evolution process of spiders.C.Living harmoniously with spiders.D.The living and feeing habits of spiders.2、Many people believe that you lose the ability to learn new languages as you get older.Language experts,however,will tell you that you’ re never too old to learn a new language. As youget older, it can be more difficult to learn a new language,though.Children and adults learn new languages in different ways. For children, language is their life.They study for thousands of hours every year. Because they need to learn language to became partof their communities.Adults,on the other hand,are already part of a language community. Learninga new language means becoming part of another language community,and adults rarely get thechance to practice as much as young children do.Moreover.children leaning a new language are expected to make mistakes. This gives themfreedom when learning to be daring and confident Adults,however,often feel pressured to beperfect when learning a new language.This can discourage many people and make it even harderto learn a new language.When young children learn a new language,they come to see various languages as a“ normal”part of society.This mindset( 思维模式 ) helps them embrace learning a new language withoutSo if you want to learn a new language,go f or it! It’ s never too late to learn a new language. If you're older,it may take more work,but it can be done.If you're a young child,though,now is thetime to step out and learn a new language!1.By“ Language is their life” ,the author means that children.A.can't live without languageB.lead a happy life every dayC.practice a new language a lotD.are taken good care of adults2.What may make it hard for the old people to learn a new language!A.They are afraid of being laughed at.B.They usually have too many interests.C.They think making mistakes is natural.D.They always make all kinds of mistakes.3.Which of the following shows the difference between children and adults in learning newlanguage?A.The behaviors they have.B.The learning attitudes.C.The future plans they have made.D.The materials they are using.4.According to the author,a new language.A.can never be learned by the old peopleB.can be grasped by the people easilyC.can be understood only by the old peopleD.can learned by both the old and the young3、 Kids and teens are often dismissive of praise from their parents. I am sure that parents outthere can relate to this, as we all have been told at one time or another by one or several of ourkids,“ Stop it, Mom’’. or even,“ You’ re just saying that because you are my parents and you have to say that. " I can assure you, though, that they are listening. They will probably not thank you forthis praise until they are in their twenties, but don't let that stop you from praising them duringtheir childhood and teen years. Just be careful how you praise them. A little praise may go a long way —especially if it is the right kind of praise.It appears that the way to go is to praise their efforts according to a study by Brummelman, of Utrecht University in the Netherlands and colleagues. These researchers concluded that kids should be praised primarily for their efforts, rather than for their personal characteristics, becauseif they are praised for effort, then a poor performance is more likely to be seen as a glitch( 小故障 ), rather than a valid reflection of who they are as individuals.Let ’ s think about this together. If you are a teenager or a child of any age and are constantlytold how brilliant you are, then when you do poorly on a test or a few tests, you may feel like you have suddenly lost your status as brilliant and may now feel ashamed that you are merely averageor even dumb. If you are a girl who is constantly being told how beautiful you are, then on a day when you don’t look or feel so good, you may decide that you are unattractive. This is the problem that develops when we are praising our kids for global personality characteristics that theycan't always live up to.1.According to the passage, which of the following statements is the right kind of praise?A.You are a great artist.B.You are very intelligent.C.Wow, you have a special gift for music.D.Your painting has indeed improved due to your efforts.2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.All the children should be praised.B.There ’ s no need to praise kids and teens.C.Praise should be beyond children’ s expectations.D.Teens often pay no attention to their parents’ praise.3.The underlined word“ dumb” in theagraphlastparcan be replaced by _________.A.stupidB.uniqueC.curiousD.honestA.why to praise kids and teensB.how to praise kids and teensC.different ways to praise kids and teensD.the importance of praising kids4、 Scientists, psychologists and English academics at Liverpool University have found thatreading the works of the classical writers like Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a great effect onthe mind, catches the reader’ s attentionriggersandmoments of self-examination.Using a special machine, they monitored the brain activity of 30 volunteers as they read worksby William Shakespeare, William Wordsworth, T.S. Eliot and others.In the first part of the research, the brain activity of 30 volunteers was monitored as they readpassages from Shakespeare’ s plays, including King Lear, Othello, Coriolanus and Macbeth, andagain as they read the text rewritten in a simpler form or modern language.While reading the common texts, normal levels of electrical activity were shown in their brains.When they read the works of Shakespeare, however, the levels of activity jumped because ofhis use of words which were unfamiliar to them. The result of the test showed that the morechallenging passages cause a greater degree of electrical activity in the brain than thecommon ones.Scientists went on to study the brain activity as it responded to each word and recorded how itlit up as the readers came across unusual words, surprising phrases or difficult sentences in theclassical works. As a result, this lightening up process of the mind lasted longer than that whenvolunteers read common texts, encouraging further reading.The research also found that reading poetry especially increases activity in the righthemisphere(半球 ) of the brain, an area connected with“ autobiographical memory” , driving the readers to think carefully about their own experiences based on what they have read. Theacademics said this meant the classical works of literature are more useful than self-help books.Philip Davis, an English professor who has worked on the study in the university’ s mag resonance center, announced this week:“ Classical literature acts-boosterlikearockettothe brain,which provides extra power for the brain. You may never imagine how powerful it is. Theresearch shows such kind of literature can create new thoughts and connections in the young andthe old.”1.The underlined word“ trigger” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to“ ______”.A.depends onB.picks upC.sets offD.changes into2.Which of the following is NOT true about reading classical literature?A.It makes readers ’ brain more active than reading common texts.B.It makes readers ’ electrical activity of brain return to normal.C.It ’ s helpful for readers to come up with new ideas.D.It ’ s an activity that is suitable for people of all ages.3.From the research, we can learn that ______.A.the readers prefer Shakespeare ’ s works to the other writers ’ worksB.the words of classical works make it hard for volunteers to read furtherC.reading classical works produces a good and long-lasting effect on the mindD.poetry increases left-brain activity more than other literary forms4.What does the author mainly tell us in this passage?A.Shakespeare plays’s deserve to be read.mon books are unpopular anymore.C.Poetry is best for developing people ’ s brain.D.Classical works help the brain develop better.5、 Do parents have a constitutional right to homeschool their children? No, according to aCalifornia District Court judge, who recently ruled that a child must be schooled "by a personholding a valid state teaching credential ( 文凭 )for the grade being ta ught ”.What started as a Los Angeles County child welfare case involving one specific family hasgone into proceedings ( 诉讼 ) that have actually put on trial the very nature of what constitutes asound education.“ For decades we’ ve been happily ling,homeschooandthen this comes upgiven homeschooling parents the freedom to choose the kind of education they want for theirchild.This particular family in Los Angeles had enrolled their children in a private schoolindependent study program not in their home. In response to abuse charges against the family, thechildren were enrolled in public schools. The parents stated they had a constitutional right tohomeschool on religious grounds; that's when the court ruling was issued. However, Griffith saysif the ruling ends up affecting anyone, it will mainly be those who also enroll their children inoff- site homeschooling.“ This won't-reachingbefar for homeschooling parents."That's how organizations like the Homeschool Association of California (HSC) would like tokeep it, anyway, and they've hired a team of lawyers to limit the impact of the case. Griffith saysthe legal team for HSC is trying to establish that while this ruling may indeed be necessary for thisparticular family, it should not set a precedent( 先例 ) for all.What does this case really mean for homeschooling families nationwide? According to DarrenA. Jones, this decision is certain to affect homeschooling on a national scale. Jones claims that it iscommon for state courts to look to other states’ rulings for assistance in deciding issues where no precedent exists.“ A poor legal decision in California could become part of a trend acrosse thnation.’’1.In Griffith’ s opinion, ________.A.parents don’ t have a right to homeschool their childrenB.a child must be schooled by an expert with a credentialC.homeschooling should be forbidden in the whole countryD.it is understandable for parents to homeschool their children2.The underlined word“ this” in Para. 2 refers to the fact that.A.parents happily homeschool their childrenB.parents don’ t have a right to homeschool their childrenC.a child must be schooled by a person with a teaching credentialD.a Los Angeles County child welfare case involves a special family3.Why were the particular family’ s children enrolled in public schools?A.To avoid the abuse charges against them.C.To break away from their parents.D.To cooperate with the expert’ s jobs.4.What ’ s the author’ s attitude towards whether parents have a right to homeschool their children?A.Supportive.B.Sympatric.C.Negative.D.Objective.6、Summer shouldn't mean taking a break from learning, especially reading. Studies show thatmost students experience a loss of reading skills over the summer months, but children whocontinue to read actually gain skills. So efforts should be made during the summer to helpchildren keep reading skills, practice reading and read for enjoyment.Parents should remember that children need free time in the summer to relax and enjoy thepleasures of childhood. So summer reading should be fun. Following are a few tips to makereading enjoyable for your children this summer:Read aloud together with your child every day.Make it fun by reading outdoors on the front steps, patio, at the beach or park. Also, let yourchildren read to you.Set a good example!Keep lots of reading material around the house. Turn off the TV and have each person readhis or her book, including Mom and Dad.Read the same book your child is reading and discuss it.This is the way to develop habits of the mind and build capacity(能力) for thought and insight.Let kids choose what they want to read, and don turn your nose’upt at popular fiction. It willonly discourage the reading habit.Subscribe, in your child’ s name, to magazines.Encourage older children to read the newspaper and current events magazines, to keep up the reading habit over the summer and develop vocabulary. Ask them what they think about whatthey ’ ve read, and listen to what they say.1.Parents must help children read during the summer because ________.A.the summer holiday is too long a time for themB.reading is a kind of relaxation for childrenC.some of the reading skills may be lost if they stop readingD.children can enjoy the pleasure of childhood2.What does the underlined phrase "turn your nose up at” probably mean?A.Get interested in.B.Show one ’ s dislike for.C.Think highly of.D.Lose interest in.3.In oder to build children's capacity for thought and insight, parents should ______.A.subscribe to magazines in the child’ s nameB.read the same book the child is reading and discuss itC.let children choose what they want to readD.turn off the TV4.What does the passage mainly tell about?A.Some summer reading tips for parents.B.Some useful advice on reading for children.C.What kinds of books to read in summer.D.How to teach children to read.7、 Have you got the information taught by your teacher in class? Have you understood what you saw on the screen? Maybe everyone has their own learning style.Generally speaking, we gather information with our minds and bodies in different ways, such as seeing, hearing and doing. Then our brains deals with that information, organizing it and connecting it to things we are already aware of. In other words, our brains will deal with the information in different ways. Sometimes we think in pictures or words. Sometimes we remember details or the big pictures.For different people, their learning styles are different too. One person may find it hard to make out the information in written forms but easy to know it immediately in an oral description. However, another person might find difficulties with the picture but the written message.Now scientists say there exist seven basic learning styles.·Linguistic: These people learn through listening, reading, speaking and writing.·Logical: These people learn with formula (公式) and principles (原理).·Visual: These people learn by seeing what they are studying.·Musical: These people learn well when information is presented through music.·Kinesthetic: These people learn from movement and physical activities.·Intrapersonal: These people learn best by linking new information directly with their own experiences.·Interpersonal: These people learn well by working with others.Therefore, if you know what learning style is your strength, you can balance your weakness, and get a more successful learning experience.1.From the passage, we know that our brains ______.A.deal with the information in different waysB.send out the information in the same wayanize information with our bodiesD.gather information in the same way2.A visual learner usually learns _____.A.through listening and speakingB.by seeing what he is learningC.from movement and physical activitiesD.by linking new information with his experience3.A musical learner will find it easy to learn ______.A.with formulas and principlesB.by working with othersC.through reading and writingD.through music he hearsA.learn more successfullyB.gather more informationC.understand more quicklyD.exchange information better8、 In 2015 a paper published in a science magazine reported on the personality types of peopleliving in various London districts. Extroverts ( 外向的人 ), the researchers who wrote it haddiscovered, favored Richmond. Those who were most open to experience gathered in Hackney.People in Barnet scored lower than average on emotional stability.What this study did not address was whether someone’ s home range reflects their personality traits or imposes them. In other words, is what is going on“ nature培育”)? orHowever,“nurture” (in a piece of research just published, Dr. Holtmann of Otago University, in New Zealand, and hiscolleagues have filled that gap — at least, they have filled it for dunnocks.The dunnock is a European bird. It has, though, been introduced to New Zealand and itspopulation has boomed there. It is a well-studied species, and, in particular, some beingmeasurably bolder (更大胆的 ) and more tolerant of potential threats, such as nearby humanbeings, than others. The team’ s research area was the Botanic Garden in Dunedin. This is open tothe public, but some areas are more frequented by visitors than others. Dunnocks have smallterritories, so it was possible to measure the amount of human disturbance in a given territory withreasonable precision. And, by wrapping each of the dunnocks in the garden with colour-codedbands it was possible to identify individuals by sight. Altogether, the researchers looked at 99 ofthem.They worked out a bird’ s level of threat tolerance by the simple method of walking towards it,and then measuring how close one could get before the bird flew away. They did this several times foreach bird every breeding season, and repeated the process over the course of three seasons.A particular bird’ s flight distance (ie, how closely it could be approached before it departed)was, they found, consistent within a breeding season. From season to season most birds got a littlebolder— probably as they learnt more about the world and what they could safely get away with.But this increase in boldness with age was small compared with the different starting points of boldthat, on average, birds’ flight distances were inversely correlated负相关) (with the level of human disturbance in their territories. This was a consequence of disturbed territories being settledby bold birds, and undisturbed territories by shy ones.In the case of dunnocks, then, nature wins over nurture. Dr. Holtmann was able to show that personalities match circumstances, rather than being created by them. Dunnocks can recognizewhich places suit them best, and choose to settle in them shortly after they are fully fledged (羽翼丰满 ). Most likely, that is happening in London districts, too.1.What does the underlined words “ that gap ” in the second paragraph refer to?A.What the paper published in 2015 failed to handle.B.Why extroverts favour certain areas in London district.C.How Dr. Holtmann involved dunnocks in his study.D.What the former and latter study have in common.2.From Paragraph 3, we can know that dunnocks ________.A.are native to New ZealandB.have distinct personalitiesC.are bolder than human beingsD.can be easily identified by its color3.What conclusion did Dr. Holtmann draw from his study?A.It ’ s nurture rather than nature that matters in the case of dunnocks ’ behaviour.B.Birds ’ flight distances were in proportion to human disturbance in their territories.C.Dunnocks choose their habitats wisely in the first place rather than adapt to them.D.Bold birds and shy birds alike settle in undisturbed territories in the botanic garden.4.What is the author ’ s purpose in writingepassage?thA.To argue that circumstances cultivate certain personalities.B.To entertain readers with some funny facts about dunnocks.C.To present the finding of a scientific research about dunnocks.D.To confirm the assumption that personalities match circumstances.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案： 1.B; 2.C; 3.C; 4.A解析： 1.细节理解题。
2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：19(含解析)
2019高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（19）【2019高考模拟题】（由2019·北京卷A改编）Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.* Opening TimesSea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9：30 am until 6：00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5：00 pm, one hour before closing.* Location ( 位置)Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is siyuated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.* Getting to Sea Life Melbourne AquariumTrainThe Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.Shuttle BusThe Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10：00 am to 4：00 pm.Car ParkingWhile there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.* Wheelchair AccessSea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.* TermsTickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!1. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _________ .A. is located at the center of the CBD in the cityB. has 12 most attractive places in MelbourneC. admits visitors from 9：30 am untill 6：00 pmD. is beside Crown Entertainment Complex2. Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take ________.A. trains from southern Cross train stationB. shuttle buses around the train stationC. boats across the yarra RiverD. either tram route 70 or 753. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors ________.A. free car parkingB. wheelchair accessC. Internet connectionD. transportation service4. Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ________ .A. are free to all visitorsB. can be pursed by emailC. are checked at the entranceD.can be printed at the ticket office文章大意：本文属于广告布告类短文，介绍了墨尔本CBD中心的Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium的具体信息，如地理位置，开放时间，交通路线等。
2019届高考英语阅读理解精选细做：科技类
科技类1、 A buld-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunat ely, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5' 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates(蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.1.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A.It's delicate.B.It's expensive.C.It's complex.D.It's portable.2.What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The tube.B.The still.C.The hole.D.The cup.3.What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?A.Dig a hole of a certain size.B.Put the cup in place.C.Weight the sheet's center down.D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.4.When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .A.the plastic tubeB.outside the holeC.the open airD.beneath the sheet2、After ye ars of research and testing, the hybrid car was developed and put on the market. It’ s an interesting and exciting new improvement in today’ s world as we look for better ways to protect the quality of the air we breathe and conserve our natural resources.The quality of our air is affected by many different things. But one of the largest sources of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and gasoline which is used to power a car’ s engine. The EPA has set national standards to help control the level of harmful pollutants sent off into the air, and the automobile industry has acted by producing a hybrid car that uses less gas and therefore causes less pollution.A hybrid car is a combination of a regular car that runs on gasoline and an electric car that is battery powered. Some people tend to think that since the hybrid car is partially electric, you have to plug it in to charge it. But that’s not how it works. The 144volt battery pack is actually recharged through the energy that i s produced when the car’s brakes are used. This is referred to as “regenerative braking”, because it generates electricity.Although the hybrid car still runs on gasoline most of the time, this helps it use less gas than a regular car. When the driver stops at a traffic light, the engine automatically shuts off to save fuel. Then, as soon as the driver puts the car in gear and touches the gas pedal, the engine starts back up.Have you ever ridden in a car with someone who ran out of gas? That probabl y wouldn’t happen if you were riding in a hybrid car. It flashes a warning on its computer screen that says, “I am low on gas”. When it completely runs out, the warning reads, “YOU ARE NOW OUT OFGAS!” Then the electric power supply kicks in to let the driver travel a few more miles to a gas station.1.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The hybrid car will be put on the market.B.Hybrid cars run faster than regular cars.C.When the hybrid car stops at a traffic light, the driver will get a warning.D.The burning of fossil fuels is one of the largest sources of air pollution.2.According to the passage, the word “hybrid” refers to ________.ording to the passage, the word "hybrid" refers to ________.A. a high-tech discoveryB.energy savingC.a new inventionD.a combination of two things3.“Regenerative breaking” is an important process of the hybrid car because ________.A.it allows the car to come to a quick stopB.it gives the driver a smoother rideC.it produces energy to charge the batteryD.it can control the speed of the car4.Which of the following is right about the EPA?A.They designed hybrid cars.B.They outlawed (宣布……为不合法) the burning of fossil fuels.C.They set important guidelines that help control pollution.D.Their main purpose is to protect endangered plants and animals.5.Which of the following is the reason for developing hybrid cars?A.They use less gas than regular cars.B.They' re safer to drive than most cars.C.They're more modern than other cars.D.They cost less than regular cars.3、Getting stitched(缝合)up by Dr.Robot may one day be reality.Scientists have created a robotic system which did just that in living animals without a real doctor pulling,the strings.Much like engineers are designing self-driving cars,the medical research is part of a move towardautonomous surgical robots,removing the surgeon’s hands from certain tasks that a machine might perform all by itself.Doctors wouldn’t leave the bedside they’re supposed to watch,plus they’d handle the rest of the surgery. In small tests using pigs,the robotic arm performed at least as well,and in some cases a bit better,as some competing surgeons in stitching together intestinal(肠的)tissue.“The purpose wasn’t to replace surgeons,”said Dr.Kim who led the project.“If you hav e all intelligent tool that works with a surgeon,can it improve the outcome? That’s what we have done.”If you’ve heard about machines like the popular Da Vinci system,you might think robots already are operating.Not really.Today many hospitals offer,robot-assisted surgery where surgeons use the machinery as tools that they control by hand,typically,to operate through tiny openings in the body.But robot-assisted surgery has been controversial,as some studies have shown it can bring higher costs without better outcomes.Kim’s team at Children’s Sheikh Zayed Institute invented the new STAR system—it stands for Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot—works sort of like a programmable sewing machine.They added sensors to help guide each stitch and tell how tightly to pull.But the approach wasn’t perfect.In the living animals,the robot took much longer and made a few stitching mistakes while the surgeon sewing by hand made none.Kim said the robot can be sped up.Fie hopes to begin human studies in two or three years.1.What’s the best title for the text?A.A new robotic systemB.A new-style way of stitchingC.The newly-designed driverless vehiclesD.Robot surgeons one step closer to reality2.What will surgeons do when Dr.Robot is used in surgery?A.They can help pull the strings.B.They rest at the bedside.C.They join in when necessary.D.They perform other surgery.3.Some people are against using robots in surgery probably because_________.A.they can be out of controlB.they will take shorter timeC.they may be expensive to useD.they are likely to cause great pain4.What can we infer from the text?A.Dr.Robot can take the place of surgeons.B.Dr.Robot will be developed at a fast pace.C.Dr.Robot has been tested with human trials.D.Dr.Robot can free doctors’hands i n the operation.4、 A hybrid electric vehicle (混合动力车) or HEV is a vehicle driven by the combination of petrol engine and electric motor. Terrence has been driving a HEV for five years. He really doesn’t understand why more people aren’t accepting them. “I probably spend about $ 7 a day on petrol,” the taxi driver told news. com. au. In his previous conventional vehicle Terrence said he was spending up to $ 30 a day on petrol, meaning he saves almost $ 6000 every year.The Toyota spokesman said this was quite a high saving and official tests estimate (估计) an average driver would only save about 33 percent off their current bill. This means a driver paying $ 30 a day on petrol would see their bill drop to about $ 20 using the hybrid. “A taxi driver that drives in built-up areas and spends little time on highways will notice a higher fuel saving,” he said. “Low speeds allow the electric motors to be used more and the petrol engine used less.”While some people are skeptical about how reliable hybrids are, Terrence said he had never run out of power. His Camry cost about $ 34,000 and so after five years, it’s nearly paid for itself. “For cab drivers, it’s a real advantage because of the cost-effectiveness,” he said.Terrence has no complaints about the car. “I l ove it, the calm and quietness of it, the simplicity of it—you just jump in and go. The maintenance(保养)is really low. But the only difficulty is finding someone to service the car as there are not many experienced mechanics(机修工).”Terrence said it’s “extraordinary” that more drivers aren’t buying more hybrid electric vehicles and that governments are not encouraging this more. “I think people have a view that you have to plug it in, which is not true. A lack of information about the cars may be stopping people from taking the plunge. It’s not promoted at all for the public to understand—it’s simplifying the actual owning of a car—you don’t have to do so many things to own it and run it, it’s just so much simpler. Why wouldn’t the government promote such a thing?”1.How much does an average driver save each day by driving a hybrid, according to the Toyota spokesman?A.$30B.$20C.$10D.$72.Terrence’s problem with his HEV at the moment is about the ________.A.speedB.powerC.priceD.service3.When saying “extraordinary”, Terrence thinks it is ________.A.understandableB.wonderfulC.doubtfulD.unbelievable4. What does Terrence think prevent the popularity of hybrid cars?A.The difficulty in servicing the car.B.The restriction of the government.C.The lack of information about HEV.D.The inconvenience with charging the car.5、Humans have been keeping animals as pets for tens of thousands of years, but Dr. Jean-Loup Rault, an animal scientist at the University of Melbourne in Australia, believes new companions are coming: robot pets.“Technology is moving very fast,” Rault told ABC News, “The Tamagotchi in the early 1990s was really the first robotic pet, and now Sony and other big companies have improved them a lot.”This may not sit well with pet lovers. After all, who would choose a plastic toy over a lovely puppy? But Rault argues that the robotic kind has a lot going for it: “You don’t have to feed it, you don’t have to walk it, it won’t make a mess in your house, and you can go on a holidaywithout feeling guilty.” The technology also benefits those who are allergic to pets, short on space, or fearful of real animals.It’s not clear whether robot pets can replace real ones. But studies do suggest that we can bond(紧密联系)with these smart machines. People give their cars names and kids give their toy animals life stories. It’s the same with robots. When Sony stopped its repair service for its robot dog Aibo in March 2014, owners in Japan held funerals.As an animal welfare researcher, Rault is concerned about how robotic pets could affect our attitudes towards live animals. “If we become used to a robotic companion that doesn’t need food, water or exercises, perhaps it will change how humans care about other living beings.” He said.So are dogs and cats a thing of the past, as Rault predicts? For those who grew up with living and breathing pets, the mechanical kind might not do. But for our next generation who are in constant touch with smart technology, a future in which lovely pets ne edn’t have a heartbeat might not be a far-fetched dream.1.What does the underlined part “sit well with” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A.Be refused by.B.Be beneficial to.C.Receive support from.D.Make a difference to.2.Who is fond of keeping robot pets?A.Those who are not fearful of real animals.B.Those who grew up with living beings.C.Those who will develop strong bond with their machines.D.Those who are often exposed to smart technology.3.What may be the best title for the text?A.Robot pets are comingB.The popularity of robot petsC.Living pets are dying outD.The advantages of robot toys6、Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space, but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.Robots make great explorers on planets, moons, and other landing areas. Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe, making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather, and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, and finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans, but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end. Robots never c omplain, they don’t require food or water, and they never need a bathroom break.Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars’ history.1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.The Development of RobotsB.The Discovery of Space ExplorationC.No Robots, No Space ExplorationD.Robots Are Used in Space Exploration2.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A.The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.B.It is dangerous for humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system except the earth.C.Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars.D.Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.3.The underlined word “withstand” most probably means “______”A.remainB.bearC.defeatD.develop4.What is the writer's attitude in this passage?A.Negative(消极的)B.Critical(批判性的)C.Subjective(主观的)D.Objective(客观的)7、US private rocket company SpaceX has announced that two private citizens have paid to be sent around the Moon. The mission (任务) is planned for late 2018. SpaceX CEO Elon Musk said, "This presents an opportunity for humans to return to deep space for the first time in 45 years."The two unnamed people will fly aboard a spaceship which is set for its first unmanned test flight later this year. The co-operation of America's NASA space agency had made the plan possible. Mr. Musk said, "The two passengers will travel faster and further into the solar system than any before them." Like the Apollo astronauts before them, these individuals will travel into space carrying the hopes and dreams of all humankind, driven by the universal human spirit of exploration."We expect to conduct health and fitness tests, as well as begin initial training later this year. The first mission would be unmanned, and the next one―with crew―was expec ted in the second quarter of 2018," the rich businessman and inventor said, "The first passengers are entering this with their eyes open, knowing that there is some risk here. They're certainly not childish, and we'll do everything we can to reduce that risk, but it's not zero."The space tourists would make a circle around the Moon, scanning the lunar surface and then going well beyond. However, the mission will not involve a lunar landing. "If NASA decided totake part in a lunar fly-by mission, then the agency would have privilege," Mr. Musk said. The US has not sent astronauts to the Moon since the early 1970s.1.Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A.The two tourists can't afford to fly around the moon.B.Space travels are rooted in the spirit of human exploration.C.Initial training is expected to be conducted at the beginning of 2018.D.The two tourists are expected to fly at a slow speed.2.The agency has privilege because ______A.it needs co-operation with Mr. MuskB.it has previous technical skillsC.it will be able to remove all the risksD.it has to make money for research3.Where can you most probably read the text?A.In a textbook.B.In a science fiction.C.In a travel brochure.D.On a news website.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.The Coming Moon Trip of Two Private CitizensB.An Opportunity to Explore Space for the First TimeC.A Paid Trip Planned by SpaceX to 'Land on the MoonD.Two Unmanned Missions of Circling around the Moon8、 A 10-year-old boy rides his bicycle slowly to a busy crossing. In front of him, cars and SUVs speed by, without pausing. He waits for a gap in traffic. When he sees one, he pushes off, gaining speed. But by the time he's halfway across, a car is almost coming in front of him. He makes it to the other side—but just barely. This scene usually happens across the country, but in this case, it occurred in a completely safe environment.The bike is stationary. The street is actually a laboratory at the University of Iowa, surrounded by three huge screens. The ‘‘ cars ’’ are 3-D virtual images. And the entire process is observed byresearchers who are trying to understand the factors that put children at risk when crossing the street on a bike or on foot.Crossing the street is one of the first experiences in a child's life. The researchers in Iowa are looking to learn more about that decision-making process with the goals that include giving parents information that could help them when they’re discus sing safety with young children. The risks children face on the road are real: 531,340 children were injured in 2014 on a bicycle.Most of the data the team has collected focus on children crossing the street on bicycles. Researchers record when kids believe it's safe to cross the street, children in the 10-12-year-old group often are actually close to adults in terms of the gaps they think safe to cross. The problem is how well they are able to act on those judgements.“Their timing of movement is not as good as adults,” Plumert, one of the researchers said. "They delay when they start crossing. As a result,they actually have less time to spare before the next car comes."When adults anticipate(预见) a gap in traffic after an approaching car passes, they'll actually begin crossing while that car is still in front of them. Children wait until that first car hasgone by completely, giving them less time to cross before the next car nears.1.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?A.An experiment being done on kids riding bikes.B.An accident which happened at a busy crossing.C.A scene which was filmed on a country road.D.A terrible case made up by a group of researchers.2.What does the underlined word "stationary" most probably mean?A.Moving slowly.B.Speeding up.C.Remaining still.D.Being in danger.3.What can we infer from the third paragraph?A.Riding a bicycle poses a risk to children.B.Crossing a street on foot is very safe to kids.C.Parents know little about safety on the road.D.Drivers often fail to spot the cycling children.4.What is the result of the experiments?A.Children’s judgement on distance is usually not correct.B.Children usually cross while the car is still in front of them.C.Children can’t wait for the approaching cars to pass by.D.Children have less time to cross by waiting for the cars to go by completely.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.D解析：1.推理判断题。
2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：33(含解析)
2019高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（33）（2019高考训练）阅读理解。
Everyone looks forward to progress, whether in one's personal life or in the general society.Progress indicates a person's ability to change the way he is living at the moment.Progress must lead to a better life and a better way of doing things.All these, however, remain true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things. However, at the back of the minds of many people, especially those who miss the “good old days”，efficiency comes with a price.When communication becomes more efficient, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or see each other without even leaving their homes.With the communication gadgets,_such as mobile phones and iPads, people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally.A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the person's presence for as long as the visit lasts.We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off. With efficiency also comes mass production.Such is the nature of factories and the success of industrialization today.Factories have improved efficiency.Unskillful tasks are left to machines and products are better made and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done.However, with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products.For example, many handicrafts (手工艺品) are now produced in a factory. Although this means that supply is better able to increase demand, now that the supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item.Nevertheless, we must not commit the mistake of analyzing progress only from one point of view.In fact, progress has allowed tradition to keep up.It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state.New technology is required for old products to stay old.It is people's attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has onsociety.Technology is flexible.There is no fixed way of making use of it.Everything depends on people's attitude.The worst effects of progress will fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views of society.When we accept progress and adapt it to suit our needs, a new“past” is created.1.The underlined word “gadgets” in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to“________”.A.toolsB.messagesC.barriersD.skillspared with home-made handicrafts, machine-made products________.ck great accuracyck the personal touchC.are of high valueD.are quite welcome3.What can be learned about technology from Paragraph 4?A.It can destroy old traditions.B.It can lead to social progress.C.It can be used to correct mistakes.D.It can be used to preserve old products.4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?A.Progress can suit the needs of daily life.B.People review the past with great regret.C.Technology should be introduced in a fixed way.D.People's attitude decides the use of technology.1．解析：选A 词义猜测题。
2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：15(含解析)
2019高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（15）（2019高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
If you've seen Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs，you've probably sung along to the dwarfs' classic happy song，“Heigh Ho.” In the summer of 2019，the dwarfs have a new song—and look—in Disney XD's animated series (动画系列)，The 7D.The new TV show features a pleasant theme song written and performed by Parry Gripp.Gripp's theme introduces the 7D—Happy，Doc，Grumpy，Sneezy，Bashful，Dopey，and Sleepy —to the audience at the start of each half－hour show.“The theme song is in kind of a punk (朋克) rock style，”Gripp said.“It's pretty fast and has guitars and the tone of my voice is a bit nasal (鼻音) and aggressive.But the music in the show really changes.”The 7D follows Happy，Doc，Grumpy，Sneezy，Bashful，Dopey，and Sleepy on their adventures working in a jewel mine in the town of Jollywood，before they met Snow White.Jollywood is ruled by Queen Delightful，a kind queen who calls on the 7D for any problem.Problems frequently arise as a pair of bad couple Hildy and Grim Gloom plan to take over the throne (王座)or take magical jewels away.“Grim and Hildy want to be constant thorns in the side (眼中钉) of the 7D and the Queen，” the producer Tom Ruegger said.“Having Kelly Osbourne join the cast [as the voice of Hildy] has been a real bonus(意外收获) and the audience praised his performances highly.I didn't expect that.”Ruegger，who previously worked on hit animated shows Animaniacs and Tiny Toon Adventures，has been developing The 7D since 2019.“It's old－school in that you have the same names as in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs，” Ruegger said.“But there is a lot of innovation to it：new designs，very new colorful characters，brand new voices and settings.”Many of Gripp's songs are performed by Happy.“I think Happy is sort of the heart a nd soul of The7D，”says Ruegger.“He's so positive and his singing and the songs that he delivers add a lot of energy to the show.”Fittingly，Gripp says Happy is the 7D member he relates to most.“But my favorite character is Grumpy because he is so funny.”【语篇解读】文章介绍了最新动画音乐剧The 7D的相关信息。
2019届高三英语一轮复习专题训练卷之阅读理解(全国通用)(6)科技类
2019届高三英语一轮复习专题训练卷之阅读理解（全国通用）：科技类1 Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space, but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.Robots make great explorers on planets, moons, and other landing areas. Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system ij unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most othei planets is insufficient forunsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe, making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather, and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, to finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans, but also enough | food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end. Robots never complain, they don’t require food or water, and they never need a bathroom break.Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars’ history.1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.The Development of RobotsB.The Discovery of Space ExplorationC.No Robots,No Space ExplorationD.Robots Are Used in Space Exploration2.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A.The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.B.It is dangerous for. humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system except the earth.C.Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars.D.Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.3.The underlined word “withstand” most probably means “______”A.remainB.bearC.defeatD.develop4.What is the writers attitude in this passage?A.Negative.B.Persuasive.C.Subjective.D.Objective.答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D解析：1.标题概括题。
2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：11(含解析)
2019高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（11）（2019高考阅读理解）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
worst Americans think that travel is good for you.Some even think it can help with one of the country’ｓproblems-crime(犯罪)．Crime worries a lot of people.Every year，the number of crimes is up and up.And many criminals are young.They often come from sad homes，with only one parent or no parents at all.change them.Six or seven in ten will go There are many young criminals in prison.But prison doesn’ｔback to crime when they come out of prison.One man，Bob Burton，thought of a new idea.In the old days，young men had to live a difficult life on the road.They learned to be strong and brave，and to help their friends in time of danger.This helped them to grow into men.So Bob started “Vision Quest”．He takes young criminals on a long，long journey with horses and wagons(马车)，3,000 miles through seven states.They are on the road for more than a year.The young people on Vision Quest all have had problems.Most of them have already spent time in prison.This is their last chance.hard work on the road.The day starts before the sun comes up.The boys and girls have to feed the It’ｓlove their horses enough.They horses.Some of them have never loved anyone before.But they can’ｔalso begin to love their partners.That love can help them to live a new life.Not all the young people on Vision Quest will leave crime behind them.Three or four in ten will oneday be in prison again.Bob Burton is right.Travel can be good for you.Even today，Americans still say，“Go west，young man.”1．In the last paragraph，the underlined phrase “leave crime behind them”means “”．A．no longer do a crimeB．leave people who do a crimeC．do all the crimesD．leave criminals behind2．Why is Bob Burton right?A．Because he can help with crime.B．Because three or four is better than six or seven.C．Because the young criminals have a hard life on the road.D．Because he can stop crime in the country.3．From the passage we may infer that .A．getting up before the sun rises can help people out of crimeB．love can help young people to start a new lifeC．traveling can help all criminals out of prisonD．being strong and brave can do with crime4．On “Vision Quest”.A．young people have bad problemsB．young people grow tall very fastC．young people often help their friends in time of dangerD．young people can do anything freely可知，并1．A [词义猜测题。
2019高考英语阅读理解(现代科技)(含解析)
（现代科技）李仕才【话题导读】灯柱伞是一种有雨水感应伞的灯柱，这样人们在忘记带雨伞时就不会挨淋了。
LampbrellaYou can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. ①But designer Mikhail Belvacv doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That’s why he created lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain sensing umbrella.The designer says he ②come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street ad saw the street lamps ③lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy built into a street lamp.” he said.The lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella ④on demand. Sensors then ensure that the umbrella offers p edestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.⑤In addition to the rain sensor, there’s also a 360° motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone’s using the lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.According to the designer, the lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lighting strike. Each lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.While there are no plans to take lampbrella into production, Belyacv says he recently introduced his creation one Moscow Department, and insists this creation could be installed on my street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.灯柱伞你不会每次都预测到大雨到来或者记得带上雨伞。
2019届四川省长宁县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解练习：9(含解析)
四川长宁县2019 高考英语阅读理解专题练习阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Will Nanfang University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen announce a new beginning for China's higher education reform? It 's too early to answer.But its presence ischallenging the Ministry of Education.Even without the approval of the ministry it seems that the school is determined to move forward and enroll 50 students, so-called child prodigies（奇才）, to begin classes on March l, 2019.On graduating in 2019, these students will receive a diploma unauthorized by the Ministry of Education-unlike the students of their age from the state-run universities.The school is committed to modeling itself on Hong Kong University of Science andTechnology, but if the government will not approve the school, the situation could cause a lot of trouble for those 50 students if they want to do graduate studies at other higher learning institutions.Other schools could turn their applications down for their unauthorized diplomas.The difficulties, however, have not frightened students and their parents away.OnDec.18, 2019 more than 1,000 students and their parents visited Nanfang Universityof Science and Technology for interviews.Private investment marks the school out from other higher learning institutions inthe nation.Not a penny comes from the government. So the government will have no voice in how the school will be run.The Ministry of Education has published a comprehensive plan for education reformand development between 2019 and 2020.The goal is to make Ch ina 's higher education internationally competitive.To accomplish this goal, the government should have the courage to let the educators who have big ideas try them out.The ministry should have applauded the independence the school in Shenzhen has shown and encouraged more to do likewise.Education reform in China has reached a new and crucial stage.Nanfang University of Science and Technology has a long way to go to prove itself competitive rather than a diploma mill.1. Over 1,000 students and parents visited the school becauseA. they believe that the school will have a bright futureB. they believe the government is sure to approve the schoolC. the school models itself on Hong Kong University successfullyD. they will never do graduate studies at other higher learning institutions2. The trouble the students in the school may have is that . _______A. the government will have no voice in the schoolB. they won't receive any diploma when graduati ng from the schoolC. other schools are unlikely to accept their diploma from the schoolD. they will not learn how to be competitive3. What does the author thi nk of Nanfang Un iversity of Science and Tech no logy?A. It is another kind of diploma mill.B. It ' s impossible for the school to be competitive.C. It will never get the approval from the Ministry of Education.D. Its in depe ndence from the gover nment may ben efit the educati on reform.4. What is the best title of the passage?A. University of New Style. B . China ' s Education Reform.C. Modeling Hong Kong University. D . Authorized or Not?【参考答案】1—4 ACDA[2019 •山西省高三年级四校联考]Research suggests that if a woma n runs her household without any help, she has lessinterest in scaling the career ladder.But the reas on for this is not quite what you might expect, such as being too tired.According to experts, the satisfaction of being in charge of day-to-day domestic tasks leaves mothers with less of a thirst for success at work. If she were in deed to “ have it all ”一a family life, a love life and a career —she would need to be preparedto carve up some of the home decisi ons with her spouse, a study suggests.The study asked 136 men and womenaged 18 to 30 whether being in control of household decisi ons is someth ing they desire. Both sexes agreed that being in charge is anadvantage. Then, 150 women were asked to imagine being a married mother and either making most of the household decisions or making them jointly with her husband. Those who had imagined being in control at home placed less value on things such as earning a high salary than those who had imagined sharing the running of the household.Then, almost 650 men and women were asked to imagine one of the same two scenes but with division ofhousehold chores. The men's interest in work was not affected by thoughts of being in charge at home. And if a woman imagined having to do all the chores, without making the decisions at home, she was still hungry for power in the workplace.Researcher Professor Serena Chen said ，“ This suggests it is the power aspect ofhousehold control that reduces women's interest in power outside of the home. To realise true gender equality in both private and public fields, our results suggest women may need to at least partially give up the role of household directors and men must share such decision-making. ” 1．What could be learned from the text?A. Women are fond of doing household tasks.B. Women have no interest in the office work.C. Women can do well at home or beyond if they share household decisions with men.D. Women can do well at home as well as in the workplace. 2．What leaves women with less of a thirst for a successful career?A. Pressure from household tasks.B. Lack of working experience.C. Poor physical and mental state.D. Satisfaction of being in charge of household tasks. 3．Professor Serena Chen suggested that .A. it was hard to realize true gender equalityB. men must work as household directorsC. men and women should share household decisionsD. women should be as wise as men 4．Who would be most interested in the text?A. Researchers.B. Breadwinners.C. Employers.D. Working mothers.[ 文章大意] 女性如果想在事业上有所建树，她们就得把管理家庭事务的权力放一放。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
【科技与社会类阅读理解题】专项精练卷一、阅读理解1Petrol and diesel cars may still dominate our roads,but their days are numbered.A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for87per cent of daily car journeys in the US.That figure could rise to98per cent by2020.One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been‘range anxiety’—drivers’concerns about running out of juice on a journey.While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems,the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed.That said,charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed quite considerably over the last few years.Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust,and their large price tags drove customers away.Thanks to improvements in battery capacity,recharging times,performance and price,the current generation of electric cars are starting to persuade critics.Plug-in cars will soon give internal combustion engine models a run for their money.As well as advancements on the road,electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies.Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel,having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over.Now,the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back.Steps towards electric air travel are also being made,with Airbus and NASA among the organisations developing and testing battery powered planes.The experiments could soon make commercial electric flight a reality.Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions.Were the US to act on the study’s findings and replace87per cent of its cars with electric vehicles,it would reduce the national demand for petrol by61per cent.However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles,they cannot claim to be completely emission-free.That said,as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources,electric vehicles will become even cleaner.1.Which is the best title for this passage?A.My Dream CarB.History of Electric CarsC.Problems with Petrol CarsD.Driving into the Future2.As used in Paragraph2,the underlined word“hurdle”means_______.A.aimB.barrierC.consequenceD.step3.In the past,why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars?A.They were not good value.B.They were very poorly made.C.They were not widely promoted.D.They couldn’t travel at a high speed.4.What is the function of Paragraph4?A.To introduce the history of electric travel.B.To explain why the world needs more electric cars.C.To show why more people have interest in electric cars.D.To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.2.Feeding knowledge directly into your brain,just like in sci-fi classic The Matrix,could soon take as much effort as falling asleep,scientists believe.Researchers claim to have developed a simulator(模拟装置)which can feed information directly into a person’s brain and teach them new skills in a shorter amount of time,comparing it to“life imitating art”.Researchers from HRL Laboratories,based in California,say they have found a way to improve learning,only on a much smaller scale than seen in the Hollywood film.They studied the electric signals in the brain of a trained pilot and then fed the data into novice subjects as they learned to pilot an aeroplane in a realistic flight simulator. The study,published in the journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience,found that subjects who received brain stimulation via electrode-embedded head caps improved their piloting abilities and learnt the task33percent better than a placebo group(对照组).“Our system is one of the first of its kind.It’s a brain stimulation system,”explained Dr.Matthew Phillips.“It sounds kind of sci-fi,but there’s large scientific basis for the development of our system.The specific task we were looking at was piloting an aircraft,which requires a synergy(协同作用)of both cognitive and motor performance.When you learn something,your brain physically changes.Connections are made and strengthened in a process called neuro-plasticity.It turns out that certain functions of the brain,like speech and memory,are located in very specific regions of the brain,about the size of your finger.”Dr.Matthew believes that brain stimulation could eventually be used for tasks like learning to drive,exam preparation and language learning.“What our system does is that it actually targets those changes to specific regions of the brain as you learn,”he added.“The method itself is actually quite old.In fact,the ancient Egyptians 4,000years ago used electric fish to stimulate and reduce pain.Even Ben Franklin applied currents to his head,but the rigorous,scientific investigation of these methods started in the early2,000s and we’re building on that research to target and personalize a stimulation in the most effective way possible.What we found is that brain stimulation seems to be particularly effective at actually improving learning.”1.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A.Brain-stimulation for better learningB.The best way to become a good pilotC.The sci-fi classic The Matrix’s great influenceD.Different regions of the human brain2.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.The stimulation system is based on scientific experiments and analysis.B.The idea of the stimulation system comes from The Matrix.C.It’s impossible to figure out the specific region for speech and memory.pared with ordinary people,pilots learn all tasks better.3.Dr.Matthew probably agrees with the point that________.A.the research method itself is very newB.brain stimulation seems to be particularly effective at creationC.the method in the research is not originalD.the method in the research can date back to2,000years ago4.In which column are you likely to read the passage in the newspaper?A.Life.B.Science.C.Medicine..Entertainment.3.Finally,the long-awaited flying car is almost here.AeroMobil,a Slovakian company,plans to start selling its creation,the AeroMobil3.0,in2018.The company claims on its site that the vehicle“transforms in seconds from an automobile to an airplane”by using“existing infrastructure created for automobiles and planes.”The vehicle is gas-powered and has wings that fold,which allows it to be parked like a car,though it is nearly20feet long.The company’s web site features a video where the AeroMobil3.0drives out of a hangar(飞机库)and goes down a highway,sharing the road with regular cars until it arrives at an airstrip.The car then unfolds its wings and takes off from a stretch of grass,rather than a paved tarmac(停机坪),and flies through the air like any other small airplane.AeroMobil spokesman Stefan Vadocz said his company hasn’t nailed down an exact price because it’s not ready yet.“The prototype is a work in progress,”he said in an email.But he said to expect the price to be several hundreds of thousands of euros,somewhere in between a sports car and a light sports aircraft.The vehicle seats two people—the pilot and a passenger—and its single propeller(螺旋桨)is located to the rear of the plane.The company said the car’s top speed on the road is at least99mph and while flying is at least124mph.It can fly for435miles before running out of gas.It has a steel framework and carbon coating and is powered by a Rotax912,afour-cylinder aircraft engine from BRP of Austria.Flying cars aren’t exactly new.The concept has been around since long before“The Jetsons”popularized the idea in the1960s.It’s been a regular topic in Popular Science ever since the famous pilot Eddie Rickenbacker in World War I wrote about it in1924.But getting a practical,reliable flying car off the ground has been a serious challenge.Glenn Curtiss,a strong competitor of the Wright Brothers,discovered this in1918when he developed the Curtiss Autoplane.It turned out to be more of a hopper than a flyer,so it failed to take off with the public.The AeroMobil3.0has at least one competitor,the Terrafugia Transition,which also runs on gas and has folding wings.Terrafugia has said in the past that it plans to release the Transition into the market this year.1.The AeroMobil3.0has the following features EXCEPT that_________.A.it has to be powered by special fuelB.it is as convenient to park as a regular carC.it can share the same road with regular carsD.it can transform between a car and an airplane quickly2.The underlined word“prototype”in Paragraph6is closest in meaning to_________.A.perfect versionB.fashionable designmitted engineerD.original model3.We can learn from the passage that__________.A.Glenn Curtiss was a pioneer in making a flying carB.since1924the flying car has become the most popular topic worldwideC.the Transition will definitely defeat the AeroMobil3.0on the marketD.the AeroMobil3.0is expected to be as cheap as a regular car4.The passage is mainly about_________.A.the working principles of a flying carB.the introduction to a new inventionC.the comparison between different productsD.the advantages of the AeroMobil3.0over regular cars4.In the near future,we may be using our eyes to operate our smart-phones and tablets,even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja(水果忍者).The Gaze Group has been developing eye-controlling computer technology for nearly20years.But those devices(设备)have been firstly designed to help those with disabilities,and are very expensive.“After a while,we figured out that probably the best way is to go for a mass-market way,”says Gaze’s Sune Alstrup Johansen.“where everybody would have this available.”Johansen and some of his colleagues have formed a new company,the Eye Tribe,which is hoping to develop the technology on a mass commercial level.The technology works when combined with the computing device toward the user’s face.After making sure of the user’s eye movements,the technology is then able to easily find where a person’s eyes are moving,and then allow the eyes to control a cursor(光标).“Our software can then determine the location of the eyes and know where you’re looking on the screen to make sure what you’re looking at,”reads an explanation on the Eye Tribe site.There has been a gradual change toward hands-free technology in recent years,particularly in the gaming(电玩游戏)world.Recently Xbox released the Kinect device,which lets users control their Xbox and play certain games using only their hands,legs and voices.But still,most of these devices have been more of a trick than a practical way to use one’s hands to control a mobile device.Johansen said a replaceable filter(滤光器)would be a cheap,convenient way for most consumers.And even as companies like The Eye Tribe work to create such a product for the average user,making the eye-controlling technology more accessible and less expensive will have similar benefits for physically disabled users.For more articles on modern science,please CLICK here.1.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?A.An introduction of a new product.B.An introduction of smartphones and tablets.C.An introduction of a new technology for the disabled.D.An introduction of eye-controlling technology.2.The underlined word“this”probably refers to_______.A.the eye-controlling technologyB.the Gaze GroupC.the mobile deviceD.the mass-market way3.According to the passage,we can learn that_______.A.the eye-controlling technology was first developed for the blindB.there is no such phone as we can use only with our eyes at presentC.the present development of the technology will bring no goodD.the eye-controlling technology is only intended for the disabled people4.This passage is probably taken from_______.A.an experiment reportB.a science fiction、C.a science websiteD.a school textbook5.It’s2035.You have a job,a family and you’re about40years old!Welcome to your future life.Getting ready for work,you pause in front of the mirror.“Turn red,”you say.Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny preprogrammed electronics are rearranged in your shirt to change its color.Looking into the mirror,you find it hard to believe you’re40.You look much younger.With amazing advances in medicine,people in your generation may live to be150years old.You’re not even middle-aged!As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal(谷物)into a bowl,you hear“To lose weight,you shouldn’t eat that”from your shoes.They read the tiny electronic on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details.You decide to listen to your shoes.“Kitchen,what can I have for breakfast?”A list of possible foods appears on the counter as the kitchen checks its food supplies.“Ready for your trip to space?”you ask your son and daughter.In2005only specially trained astronauts went into space—and very few of them.Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations.Your best friend even works in space.Handing your children three strawberries each,you add,“The doctor said you need these for space travel.”Thanks to medical advances,vaccination shots(防疫针)are a thing of the past.Ordinary foods contain specific vaccines.With the berries in their mouths,the kids head for the front door.It’s time for you to go to work.Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors.“My office,Autopilot.”you command. Your car drives itself down the road and moves smoothly into traffic on the highway.You sit back and unroll your e-newspaper.The latest news downloads and fills the viewer.Looking through the pages,you watch the news as video film rather than read it.1.What changes the color of your shirt?A.The mirror.B.The shirt itself.C.The counter.D.The medicine.2.How do the shoes know that you shouldn’t eat the breakfast cereal?A.By pouring the breakfast into a bowl.B.By listening to the doctor’s advice.C.By testing the food supplies in the kitchen.D.By checking the nutrition details of the food.3.The strawberries the children eat serve as_________.A.breakfastB.lunchC.vaccinesD.nutrition6.More than2.25billion cups of coffee are consumed across the globe each day,and it is likely that many taste bitter.Now,a new study suggests that coffee lovers ran make their drink taste sweeter by simply changing the color of their coffee mps.Scientists from Federation University Australia and the University of Oxford claim that blue and glass cups reduce coffee’s bitterness,without any need for sugar,and that coffee drank from while cups tastes the bitterest.To prove their claims,the researchers invited36volunteers and used three different colored cups-blue,white and transparent-to do an experiment.In the experiment,coffee consumed from the white cup was found to taste less sweet when compared to the other two cups.And the cup made the coffee taste the sweetest.The scientists believe that the color brown may be associated with coffee’s bitterness because coffee in a while cup appears the brownest and tastes the bitterest.“Our study clearly shows that the color of coffee cup does influence the flavor(风味)of coffee,”Dr.George of Federation University Australia,said.“But the potential effects may he different between a one-time purchase and a return customer.”“Anyhow,the effect of the cup’scolor on the flavor of the coffee suggests that cafe owners,waiters,as well as coffee cup producers should carefully consider the color of their cups,”he added.However,the idea that color can change the taste of food and drink is not new.A study published last year showed that red,strawberry-flavored cake served on a white plate was10percent sweeter and15percent more flavorful than the same food presented on a black plate.1.Why does coffee in while cups taste the least sweet?A.Because white cups are not as beautiful as other cups.B.Because while cups are better used to serve cakes.C.Because while cups reduce the sugar in them.D.Because white cups make coffee appear the brownest.2.What elements are involved in the scientists’research?①different brands of coffee②different colored coffee cups③some volunteers④some producersA.①②B.②③C.②④D.③④3.What is the article mainly about?A.Color may change the taste in a way.B.Coffee cups will influence the taste.C.Customers’preference of coffee varies.D.Caféowners need careful consideration.4.How did the scientists prove their claims?A.By listing facts.B.By analyzing data.C.By doing experiments.D.By borrowing others’ideas.7.A Japanese company is developing a pair of smart glasses that can help those with visual or comprehension problems to read written text more easily.Called the Oton Glass,the glasses are meant to translate text into sound using two cameras and an earpiece,both fitted to its frame.Half of the lens(镜片)is a mirror that reflects the wearer’s eyes back to the first camera,which tracks eye movement.The other camera captures the text.Wearers use the glasses by staring at the text they can’t read and blinking(眨眼)to trigger the glasses.Then the captured words are sent to a cloud system,which processes the text and turns it into sound played through the earpiece.If the system is unable to identify the words,the images are sent to a remote worker who can deal with them.The Oton Glass lead designer,Keisuke Shimakage,started working on the glasses in2012to aid his father,who had developed dyslexia,a condition that makes it difficult for someone to read and spell.While his father eventually recovered,Shimakage continued his development in order to help others with the disorder. Currently,the Oton Glass is seeking funding.Backers can get a pair of the glasses for5,000yen(roughly$47). Smart glasses aren’t a new concept,but it’s difficult to point to any single pair of smart glasses that people have reviewed favorably.It could,perhaps,be that previous products tried to do too much,or were too expensive. That’s why Intel’s Vaunt smart glasses stripped out some features,like its camera,LCD screen,and speakers.The Oton Glass is for a very specific audience,and its relatively low price could make it more appealing to those who want an affordable way to understand the text around them.1.What was Keisuke’s original purpose in designing the Oton Glass?A.To treat his father’s disease.B.To translate text into sound.C.To assist his father to read.D.To make written text easier to read.2.What is the right order how the Oton Glass works?a.The camera captures the words.b.The wearer stares at the text.c.The wearer hears the sound via the earpiece.d.The cloud system turns the text into sound.e.The wearer blinks to get the glasses working.A.a,b,e,c,dB.e,b,c,d,aC.b,d,a,e,cD.b,e,a,d,c3.The underlined part“stripped out”in the last paragraph can be replaced by________.A.improvedB.removedC.increasedD.invented4.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.The advantages of the Oton Glass.B.The characteristics of smart glasses.C.Consumers’evaluation of the Oton Glass.D.The target audiences of various smart glasses.8.See a cellphone cover that you like on Taobao?Forget about placing an order,paying the bill online and waiting for days for it to be delivered to you.In the near future,you'll be able to get it in minutes just by hitting “print”on your computer.You might find it hard to believe that you could actually“print”an object like you would a picture.But it is not that hard to understand how it would work.Just as a traditional printer sprays(喷)ink onto paper line by line, modern3D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer,from the bottom to the top,gradually building up a shape.Instead of ink,the materials the3D printer uses are mainly plastic,resin(树脂)and certain metals.The thinner each layer is—from a millimetre to less than the width of a hair—the smoother and finer the object will be.This may sound like a completely new technology,but the truth is that3D printing has been around since the late1980s.Back then,it was barely affordable for most people,so few knew about it.Last year,though,saw a big change in the3D printing industry—printers became much cheaper.For example, 10years ago a desktop3D printer might have cost￡20,000,while now they cost only about￡1,000,according to the BBC.Taken out of the factory and introduced to more diverse and common uses,3D printing can create just about anything you can think of—flutes(笛子),bikinis,jewelry,aircraft parts and even human organs.In fact,scientists from Cornell University in New York have just made an artificial ear using a3D printer,according to Science Daily.The fake ear looks and acts exactly like a natural one.However,as3D printing becomes more common,it may bring about certain problems—such as piracy.“Once you can download a coffee maker,or print out a new set of kitchen utensils(餐具)on your personal3D printer, who will visit a retail(零售的)store again?”an expert in3D printing told Forbes News.Even more frightening, what if anyone in the world could use a3D printer to print out a fully functioning gun?1.According to the article,in the future,the3D printing technology will_______.A.enable people to make better purchases onlineB.change the way we make many productsC.be applied as widely in our daily life as computersD.shorten the time it takes for people to get what they buy online2.What happened in the3D printing industry last year?A.The3D printing technology was taken out of the factory.B.The3D printing technology began to be used in various fields.C.The3D printer was used for medical treatment for the first time.D.The3D printer became more affordable for consumers.3.How is the last paragraph developed?A.By giving examples.B.By making comparisons.C.By analyzing the cause and effect.D.By presenting research findings.4.What is the best title of the passage?A.Great Demand for3D PrintersB.Technology in the FutureC.Online Shopping DisappearingD.Printing out Everything9Imagine a town with crosswalks but no pedestrians,cars and trucks but no drivers.Welcome to Mcity,a fake “city”built by resear chers who are testing out the driverless cars of the future.The controlled test environment,which opened today(July20,2015)at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor,covers32acres(the size of about24football fields)and contains all the trappings of a real suburb or small city.There is an entire network of roads lined with sidewalks,streetlights,stop signs and traffic signals.There’s even a“downtown”area complete with fake buildings and outdoor dining areas.The idea behind Mcity is simple:test out new driverless car innovations in a human-free environment before these technologies are unleashed in the real world."Mcity is a safe,controlled,and realistic environment where we are going to figure out how the incredible potential of connected and automated vehicles can be realized quickly,efficiently and safely,"Peter Sweat man, director of the Mobility Transformation Center at U-M,said in a statement.The roads of Mcity are built to stand up to“rigorous,repeatable”testing,according to MTC officials.While Mcity d rivers don't have to compete with real pedestrians,there will be one mechanical foot-traveler(a robot-like machine named Sebastian)that steps out into traffic to see whether the automated cars can hit the brakes in time. The fake city also features a traffic circle,a bridge,a tunnel,some unpaved roads,and even a four-lane highway with entrance and exit ramps,according to a report by Bloomberg Business.In addition to evaluating fully automated,or driverless cars,the researchers also hope to test out so-called connected vehicles within Mcity’s limits.Connected cars can either communicate with one another(vehicle-to-vehicle control,or V2V)or with pieces of equipment,such as traffic lights,that are located near roadways(vehicle-to-infrastructure control,or V2I).Even the smallest details of Mcity have been planned out in advance to copy the conditions that connected and automated vehicles could face in the real world.For example,there are street signs covered up with graffiti,and faded yellow and white lane markings line the streets.Mcity is just one part of a much larger project that MTC and its partner organizations are establishing in an effort to get a whole fleet of connected and driverless cars on the road in Ann Arbor by2021.In addition to the fake city,MTC is also continuing to launch connected and semi-autonomous(半自动)cars on real roadways. Eventually,the University of Michigan and the Michigan Department of Transportation said they hope to put 20,000connected cars on the roads of southern Michigan.1.According to the passage,Mcity________.A.is a real town used to evaluate the function of future carsB.is a fake city with transportation system but no pedestriansC.covers an area of32acres with as many as24football fieldsD.owns a downtown area with a bridge and some unpaved roads2.Why did researchers build Mcity?A.To test new driverless cars.B.To make a real suburb or small city.C.To control road environment.D.To build an entire network of roads.3.It can be inferred from the passage that________.A.some connected and semi-autonomous cars have been put into useB.the researchers plans to create a robot-like machine to direct th e trafficC.the widespread use of driverless cars will soon come into reality in AmericaD.MTC is attempting to make connected and driverless cars available on real roads4.How does the passage mainly develop?A.By presenting descriptions of the d esign.B.By describing a cause and its effects.C.By providing the time order.D.By comparing the opinions.10.Imagine you’re standing in line to buy an after-school snack at a store.You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food.Next,you have to pay.But instead of scanning a QR code(二维码)with your smartphone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint.Or,a camera scans your face,your eyes or even your ear.Now,this type of technology might not be far away.As technology companies move away from the traditional password,biometric security(生物识别技术),which includes fingerprint,face and voice ID,is becoming increasingly popular.In2013,Apple introduced the iPhone5s,one of the first smartphones with a fingerprint scanner.Since then, using one’s fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become commonplace,bringing convenience to our lives.And since last year,Samsung has featured eye-scanning technology in its top smartphones,while Apple’s new iPhone X can even scan a user’s face.But despite its popularity,experts warn that biometrics might not be as secure as we’d imagined.“Biometrics,ideally,are good,”John Michener,a biometrics expert,told tech website Inverse.“In practice,not so much.”When introducing the new iPhone’s Face ID feature at Apple’s Keynote Event in September,Phil Schiller, Apple’s senior vice president,said,“The chance that a random person in the population could look at your iPhone X and unlock it with their face is about one in a million.”But it’s already been done.In a video posted on community website Reddit on Nov3,two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face,Quartz reported.And they aren’t even twins.“We may expect too much from biometrics,”Anil Jain,a computer science professor at Michigan State University,told CBS News.“No security systems are perfect.”Earlier this year,Jain found a way to trick biometric ing a printed copy of a thumbprint,she was able to unlock a dead person’s smartphone for police,according to tech website Splinter.“It’s good to see biometrics being used more,”Jain told CBS News,“because it adds another factor for security. But using multiple security measures is the best defense.”1.What is the latest technology to unlock a smartphone according to the article?A.QR code scanning.B.Eye scanning.C.Fingerprint scanning.D.Face scanning.2.What’s a major problem of the iPhone X’s Face ID system?A.It often fails to recognize its owner’s face.B.Different faces could be used to unlock the same phone.C.Face data could be used for other purposes.D.It takes too long to unlock the phone.3.What does Anil Jain think of biometric security?A.It still needs much improvement.B.It has caused much trouble for police.C.It’s more secure than traditional measures.D.It should be used with other security measures.4.The author wrote this article mainly to______.A.describe the popularity of biometricsB.show how biometrics has changed our livesC.discuss the security problems of biometricsD.point out various problems with biometrics11.One of the most outspoken supporters that I know of women and girls is actually a man.As co-founder of the ONE Campaign,my friend Bono spends a lot of time speaking out against global poverty(KP).Together, we’re working to get out a simple,powerful message:poverty is sexist.Women and girls are more likely to be in poverty,less likely to get an education and more likely to suffer bad health.And when they are born into poverty,it is much more difficult for them to lift themselves and their families out of itWhy?One reason is that breaking out of poverty takes time and that is a resource women around the world are short on.On average,women spend about twice as much time as men in doing the unpaid work that makes life possible for everyone,like cooking,washing,cleaning,shopping and caring.In developing countries,the gap is even much bigger.As a result,women have no time to finish their education,learn new skills,open a business, develop personal relationships or even go to the doctor.They dream of creating a better future for their children, but they can not spare the hours to put those dreams that they have into action.。