(完整版)小升初英语衔接班名词专项讲解及练习
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小升初名词专项
一、定义
名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以是表示抽象的东西
二、分类
一•名词分类专有名词
个体名词可数名词(普通名词所表示的
普通名词集体名词人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词)
物质名词不可数名词(普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,
抽象名词事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。)二、名词的数
不可数名词没有复数形式。可数名词有单数和复数之分,单数变复数形式变化规则如下:
1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s。如:
(书)book —books (钢笔)pen —pens (房子)house —houses (天,日子)day —days 2.以s, ch, sh, x结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。如:(公交车)bus —buses (玻璃)glass —glasses
(手表)watch —watches (盘,碟)dish —dishes (盒子)box —boxes
3.以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加-es。如:(城市)city —cities (身子,身体)body —bodies
(工厂)factory —factories等等。(典型例子:“元音字母+y”的名词直接+s boy —boys) 4.以 f 或fe 结尾的名词,要将f 或fe 改为v 再力卩-es 。如:half —halves leaf —leaves knife —knives wife —wives 5.以o 结尾的名词分两种情况
a.有生命的:+es如:(土豆有生命)potato —potatoes (西红柿有生命)tomato —tomatoes b 无生命的:+s女口:(照片无生命)photo —photos (钢琴无生命)piano —piano
1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词
女口:John is a student stude nt是普通名词,Joh n是专有名词
普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an,定冠词the或不加冠词,专有名词前一般不加冠词,专有名词的首字母要大写。
2. 普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词,其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词,物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。
3. 专有名词
专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词,多为独一无二的事物。
名词复数的构成法
一.写出下列各单词的复数形式
1. glass _________
2. family _____________
3. wolf ___________
4. country __________
5. ____________ radio __________________
6. photo ____________
7. fox __________
8.fridge
9.bus __________ 10. box ____________ 11.watch ____________ 12.brush ___________
13.policeman ________ 14.farm ________ 15.fish _______________ 16.sandwich ___________
17. apple __________ 18.foot __________ 19.ruler _____________ 20.tooth __________
二•画横线,选出下列正确的单词或词组。
1. Do you drink much ( milk ,milks )?
2. I visited ( Jim , Jim ' S house yesterday.
3. This is ( Tom and Mary ' ,s Tom' s and Mary )' house.
4. He had two ( cup , cups ) of tea.
5. Those ( books , book ) are on the desk.
6. Look at this ( boy , boys ).
7. That ( dogs , dog ) is mine .
8. Would you like some ( bananas , banana ) ?
9. The sperm whale has 50 ( tooth , teeth ).
10. These ( shoes , shoe ) are very nice.
三.选择填空。
( )1. This is _______ room .
A . Jack and Lucy
B . Jack and Lucy ' s C. Jack ' s and Lucy D .s Jack ' s and Lucy
()2. She is a good .
A . student B. stude nts C . boy D. boys
()3. I want two
A. pencil -box B .pencil -boxes C . pencils -box D . pencils -boxes
()4. How many do you have ?
A . friend
B . friends
C . frien des
D . friend ' s
()5. These are Judy '. s
A . fish
B . fishes
C . fishs
D . fish ' s
()6. Look at those .
A . child
B . childs
C . childre n
D . childre ns
()7. He has two big .
A . eye
B . eyes C. eyees D. eye ' s
()8 . He is Jeff _ s
A . brothers
B . brother
C . brotheres
D . brother ' s
()9. —is this pen ?
—It ' s Wang Fang ' s
A. Who' s B . Whose C . Where D . Which
()10. birthday is September 5 th.
A. Her mother
B. her mother 's
C. Her mothers '
D. Her mother ' s
四.将下列表示单数的句子改成复数的句子。
1. This is a boy . _____________________________________________
2. Do you have a new rubber ? ____________________________________________
3. There is one apple in my hand . __________________________________________