时态和语态

时态和语态

【时态】英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。常见时态及用法：

1.一般现在时：表示现在状态和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作、状态；表示客观现实和真理（do/does）

2.一般过去时：在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态（did）

3.一般将来时：在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态（will/shall do）

4.过去将来时：在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态（would do）

5.现在进行时：表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作（am/is/are doing）

6.过去进行时：表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作（was/were doing）

7.将来进行时：表示将来某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作(will/shall be doing)

8.现在完成时：表示过去已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果影响到现在；也表示过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态

（have/has done）

9.过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”（had done）

10.现在完成进行时：表示一个动作从过去就开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去（have/has been doing）

【语态】语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。被

动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，不同时态的被动语态的形式由be来体现

巩固练习1

1. I wonder why Jenny _____us recently. We should have heard from her by now.

A. hasn’t written

B. doesn’t write

C. won’t write

D. hadn’t written

2. — When will you come to see me，Dad? —I will go to see you when you ___ the training course.

A. will have finished

B. will finish

C. are finishing

D. finish

3.You can’t move in right now. The house _____. A. has painted B. is painted C. is being painted D. is painting

4.I don’t think Jim saw me，he ________ into space.

A. just stared

B. was just staring

C. has just stared

D. had just stared

5. His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazines he ________.

A. had long been expected

B. had long expected

C. has long expected

D. was long expected

6. My uncle said that he would telephone but I ________ from him so far.

A. didn’t hear

B. hadn’t heard

C.haven’t heard

D. won’t hear

7. ——Your phone number again? I _____ quite catch it. ————It’s 9568442.

A. didn’t

B. couldn’t

C. don’t

D. can’t

巩固练习2 用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. The house belongs to my aunt but she ___________________(not live) here any more.

2. This machine _____________________(not work). It has n’t worked for years.

3. If their marketing plans succeed, they______________________(increase) their sales by 20 percent.

4. Population experts predict that most people _____________(live) in cities in the near future.

5. He _____________(play) football regularly for many years when he was young.

6. -- Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?

-- Yes, since she __________________(join) the Chinese Society.

7. Teenagers _______________(damage) their health because they play computer games too much.

8. I called Tom many times last night, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother ______________ (talk) on the phone all the time!

9. John promised his doctor he ___________________ (not smoke), and he has never smoked ever since.

10.This time tomorrow, I__________________ (lie) on the beach

11. So far this year we ___________ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.

12. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ____________ (stay) in many worse hotels.

13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ____________ (know) each other for years.

14. -- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.

-- I think so. He _____________________ (prepare) for it for months.

15. --Did you go to the show last night?

--Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _______________(invite).

16. -- What’s that noise?-- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine_______________ (test).

17. I like these English songs and they ___________________ (teach) many times on the radio.