英语逻辑关系词

英语逻辑关系词 The latest revision on November 22, 2020

英语中常见的十大逻辑关系及其标志词

(1) 转折关系

but, however, yet(然而), on the contrary, contrary to, contrarily, by(in) contrast (to), whereas, rather than, instead of, unlike, in

fact(effect), actually弱转, conversely

(2)让步关系

although, much as, though, even though(if), even, despite, in

spite of, nevertheless, anyhow(anyway), as, while（虽然、尽管、即使）, still（尽管如此）

(3)总结关系

in sum，in general, overall, to sum up，on the whole, generally

(4)举例

for example、for instance、such as、including

(5) 因果关系

Because；in that ＋句子表原因

due to；thanks to ；owing to＋名词表原因；since ；now that ；ever since ＋句子表原因

because of；on account of；in response to ＋名词表原因；lead to；contribute to；result in＋名词（前因后果）

so that；such that；in order that＋句子 (强调目的、结果的因果)

in view of；in the light of；by virtue of ＋名词鉴于、由于

put down to；ascribe to；attribute to；owe to ＋名词归因于

so；thus；hence；therefore；consequently (as a consequence/ as

a result) ＋句子（因此）

for, as, as a result of, with（由于，由于某种条件或原因的存在出现了某种结果）

(6)递进关系

still、also、indeed、furthermore（进一步）、moreover（而且、此外）、highlighting（突出、强调）、even（甚至、更）、besides(注

意区分except), additionally, in addition, what’s more

(7)条件关系

if, provided/providing that, suppose, supposing, in case (of), in the event of, assume, presumably, so long as, unless, only if, when

(8)并列关系

and（和）、as well as（也）、likewise（同样的）、while（与此同时）、similarly（类似地）、or（或者）、simultaneously（同时发生

地）、meanwhile（同时）、in the meantime、neither…nor,

either…or, not only…but also、more…than

（9）列举

first, then, on one hand, some…others…still others （10）时间关系

when, since, as, meanwhile, at the same time