形容词副词同型

副词和形容词同形（Adverbs and Adjectives Identical in Form）有的形容词同副词在词形上完全一样，但形容词起的是定语作用，而副词起的却是状语作用。

如：An early riser gets up early.A fast train travels fast.Daily newspapers are published daily.This is hard work . We have to work hard.区别副词和形容词常常依靠该词句法功能。

如：go straight, tell someone straight中为副词。

在短语set someone/something straight, put someone/something straight, drink whisky straight, keep one’s face straight 中的straight看作形容词，因straight在些起宾语补足语的作用。

英语中常有成对的副词：一个不带－ly,另一个由形容词加后缀－ly构成。

这种有－ly的副词有时可同无－ly 的副词互换，有时两者的用法和意义不一。

但一般来说没有后缀－LY的副词表示动作所造成的结果、状态或给人的感觉，而,带有后缀－LY的副词则表示的动作方式。

如：bright, brightlycheap,cheaplyShe sells her goods cheap.(cheap可用cheaply替换。

在较为随便的谈话中，当动词是buy, sell时，常用cheap.clean, cleanlyThis knife cuts cleanly.The bullet went clean through the wall.Clean through = right through.作副词的clean含义为completely, right.在非正式语体里，它常跟动词forget,介词over,through,副词away, out连用。

如：Sorry I didn’t turn up --- I CLEAN FORGOT.The ball sailed clean over the roof.The prisoner got clean away.I’m afraid I’m clean out of (= have no more) food.clear, clearlyStand clear of the doors of the train.副词clear 跟of一起时，意为away from, not touching.He threw her clear across the room.Clear across = right across“I said it very loud and clear(clear = clearly); I went and shouted in his ear.”He spoke so clearly that I could hear every word.c lose, closelyCome close; I want to tell you something.(作副词时，“接近地，”“紧密地”，表具体近的程度)The boy followed close behind his father.The fellow stood close against the wall.副词close是near之意，过去分词前常用closely.如：The teacher was closely followed by his pupils.Closely表示一种抽象的概念，“紧密地”“密切地”“严密地”。

We should closely be united around Chairman Jiang.She closely resembles her mother.Watch him closely.(= carefully, with attention)dead, deadlyThe road is very dangerous. Go dead slow. (=exactly, completely, slow,可用slowly替换)还有dead drunk, dead tired, dead right, dead sure, dead certain等与dead slow同.Don’t touch that. It’s deadly.(=adj.; fatal, causing death)It’s deadly poisonous.(=very)I can’t read this. It’s deadly dull.(=very)Deep, deeplyDeep作副词时，常用来表示具体的深度，“深地”，修饰静止的状态和具体的动作。

而deeply用来修饰情感的动词、形容词和过去分词，表示抽象的概念。

Our teachers often work deep into the night.He had to dig deep to find water.We were deeply moved by what he had done.I’m deeply grateful for the help you gave me.direct, directlyThese new laws concern us all directly. (=in a direct way“直接地”)Let’s meet directly（＝immediately）after lunch; then I ‘ll take you direct to your room. (=without deviation,主要用于说及旅行和时间表,指空间、距离，如行程中的不停顿、不绕道，”直接地““不绕（圈）地”)He flew direct to New York .He came and reported it direct to me.He should be there directly.She drove directly to school.She drove direct to school.The next flight doesn’t go direct to Rome, it goes by way of Paris.easy, easilyA: I can’t take this table easily (=without difficulty).B: Yes, but go easy (=Don’t be rough) with it. It’s an antique. Easy作为副词用在一些固定搭配中。

如：take it easy(=relax);Stand easy!( a miitary command); Easy come, easy go(= What we get without difficulty is quickly lost).fair, fairlyI’ve marked your essay fairly(=justly, honestly, according to the rules), and I can assure you (that ) it’s fairly (=quite, rather)good.He told the facts fairly.Fair作副词只用在play fair, speak fair, to hit something fair and square中。

fine, finelyThat suits me fine.You’re doing fine.Fine adv. =well,一般用在口语中;若某东西finely cut或finely chopped, 意为cut into very small pieces.firm, firmlyIf we stand firm,(=unyield ) I firmly believe we shall succeed.The guard is standing firm at the entrance of the camp.Hold this post firm( =firmly)while I hammer it into the ground.The boy firmly caught hold of the rope.有的词典认为stand firm, stay firm, set firm, hold firm中的firm为adj.free, freelyYou can eat free (=without payment) in my restaurant whenever you like.Don’t let the dog run free.(=in a free manner)You can speak freely (=without limitation or restriction) in front of George --- he knows everything.hard, hardlyYou have worked hard today.(=diligently, strenuously)You’ve hardly eaten anything.(=almost not)high, highlyHe’s very ambitious: he aims high.Throw the ball as high as you can.Can you jump that high?He held his head high.此处high为高度(height)及位置(position)用作副词时，指具体的高度。

Highly指抽象概念的高，常用来修饰形容词的分词和用在一些常见的搭配中。

如：He is a highly skilled worker.The headmaster thinks highly of my teaching.He’s highly intelligent, highly trained. (== to a hig degree; very much)用于比喻意义时常用highly ,如:They speak highly of you.just, justlyHe was justly punished for his crimes.(= in accordance with justice or the law公正地，正当地).The judge dealed the case justly.We each were treated justly.I’ve just been reading a very interesting book.(= a moment ago, exactly, merely)Do just as you like.(正好)He is just an ordinary man（仅仅）.I’m just out of hospital.He is just a child, don’t quarrel with him.late, latelyEvery morning this week she has arrived late.(=after the time expected,晚地，迟地)Has she been here lately?(=recently, not long ago，最近，近来，常用在疑问句和否定句中，在肯定句中常用recently.)Have you seen her lately?I hear that you haven’t been well lately.He arrived home very late from work yesterday.但二者都可用在as late as, as lately as片语中。