pipephase高级培训班讲义2

PipePhase高级培训第二部分：段塞流和清管的计算PIPEPHASE Slug and Pigging Models秦云锋M: 159 **** ****M:159********E: yunfeng.qin@持液量和持液率Holdup and Velocity Report - Base Case流型图III MistAnsari 流态图竖直向上102t y (m /s )A CDISPERSED BUBBLE10d Ve l o c i BARNEABUBBLYi a l L i q u i BTRANSITIONS G O C 1S u p e r f i c DDSLUG OR CHURNANNULAR11010-110210-1Superficial Gas Velocity p yDuns and Ros段塞流分析段塞流分析模型PIPEPHASE Slug Analysis Modeling Slug AnalysisLink Summary中清管球生成体积Link Summary中清管球生成体积Sphere Generated Volume in Link SummaryTDB流型图Taitel-Dukler-Barnea Flow Regime Map段塞可能性报告Slug Probability Report清管球模型和报告Sphering / Pigging Model and ReportTACITE瞬态段塞分析Tacite Terrain and Severe Slug AnalysisSlug Analysis Sphere Generated VolumeLink Summary中的Holdup整个中液相总量（平均条件）–Link基于Slip Holdup计算的清管生成体积–在出口条件下闪蒸算出的Link中总液相量Li k基于（HL-HLNS）计算的清管生成体积–考虑气液相滑移，在Link中的液相在出口条件下闪蒸的结果is the volume of the liquid staying back in the link due to the slip between the phases, flashed at theoutlet conditions of the link.outlet conditions of the link.如果Link清管：–实际液塞体积在基于HL和基于HL-HLNS计算的液相体积之间–前者为上限、后者为下限Slug Analysis Link Summary Report ExampleLINK SUMMARYRATE, PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE SUMMARY--------------------------------------FROM(F)ANDTO(T) ----ACTUAL FLOW RATES***--PRESS: ---HOLDUP**---TO(T)ACTUAL FLOW RATES***PRESS HOLDUP**LINK NODE GAS OIL WATER PRESS: DROP TEMP: GAS LIQ (MMCFHR) (CFHR) (CFHR) (PSIA) (PSIA) (F) (MM (AFT3)SCF)---------------------------------------------------------------------LINK Q012(F) 0.03366 79.26 0.00 350.0* 120.0SINK(T) 0.04176 119.50 0.00 253.5 96.5 67.1 0.3575 949.SPHERE GENERATED VOLUME (BASED ON HL) = 941.0SPHERE GENERATED VOLUME (BASED ON (HL-HLNS))= 885.1 * -INDICATES KNOWN PRESSURE** REPORTED VOLUME AT 14.7 PSIA AND 60 F (GAS ONLY)*** RATE REPORTED AT ACTUAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE CONDITIONSFlow Pattern Map预测流态–应和Slug Report共同使用Allows the engineer to determine the flow regime in the pipeline. This in conjunctionwith the slugging report can improve his confidence in the simulation results.如果流体图预测出段塞流，则需要仔细查看Slug ReportIf the flow pattern predicts slug flow, then the results of the slugging report can be taken very seriously.而如果流态图没有预测出段塞流，则一般无需再看Slug ReportSlug ReportOn the other hand, if the flow pattern predicts stratified flow, then the slugging report can be largely ignored.PipePhase如何预测段塞流？PipePhase稳态模型中有三个基于统计学的模型：Brill、Scott、Norris，但使用有前提：–只对一个Link的模型中生成该报告（一个Source和一个Sink的模型）–流体处于两相流；–最后一个单元是Pipe；最后个单元是Pi–该模型预测的是自然段塞流，对由于地形导致的段塞流和强烈段塞流不能预测，需要TACITE瞬态模块；Slug Analysis 段塞可能性报告Slug Probability Report在General\Print Options中将在General\Print Options中将Link Slug Report选上Turn on the Link Slug Report feature under\pGeneral\Print Options三种方法–Brill–NORRIS–SCOTT结果在Slug Sizing and Slug结果在Delivery Model Report中显示Results reported in the Slug Sizing and Slug DeliveryModel Report关于三种段塞流计算方法BRILL–最早的方法–假设段塞流的大小是流体流速和管径的函数–用BRILL方法预测段塞流大小并用SCOTT方法预测段塞流的发展NORRIS–Exxon公司开发的–假设段塞流大小仅仅是管径的函数–用NORRIS方法预测段塞流大小并用SCOTT方法预测段塞流发展SCOTT–本人的博士论文SCOTT–和NORRIS方法相同但增加了段塞发展的概念–用SCOTT方法预测段塞流大小及其发展Slug Report的应用Slug Report Application Slug Analysis所有方法仅对管线倾角在±5度范围内比所有方法仅对管线倾角在度范围内较好，并且仅适用于自然段塞流All options are only good for elevation changes within ±5 degree h i t l d j t f t l l ihorizontal and just for natural slugging 这些模型均不检测管线是否存在段塞The statistical slug model does not check if slug flo conditions e ist The statistical slug model does not check if slug flow conditions exist in the pipeline or not.用户自己通过TDB流态图判断The user needs to independently check if slugging conditions do exist (use the Taitel-Dukler-Barnea flow pattern map).如果存在段塞则预测其长度It predicts slug sizes if slug flow was occurring.基于Slug Report的段塞捕集器计算Slug Catcher Sizing Based on Slug Report Slug Analysis需要报告中提供的参数–Link 中最后一根管道的内径–液塞传递时间Liquid slug deliver time (t)•Use 99.9999 percentile slug value塞度–段塞长度Slug length (L)•Use 99.86 or 99.99 percent probability valueSlug delivery gas bobble velocity (v)–段塞气泡流速Slug delivery gas bobble velocity (v) 计算公式–用Slug 长度和管内径V =¼**(ID)2 *LV = ¼ π (ID) L –用气泡流速和液塞传递时间V =¼**(ID)2 *v *tV ¼ π (ID) v tSLUG SIZING AND SLUG DELIVERY MODEL (BRILL ET AL)------------------------------------PREDICTED MEAN SLUG LENGTH = 434.0 FTTHE PREDICTED MAX SLUG LENGTH FROM CORRELATION IS TOO LARGEADJUSTED MEAN SLUG LENGTH = 163.6 FT84.1300 PERCENT PROBABILITY THAT SLUG LENGTH IS .LE. 269.7 FT 97.7200 PERCENT PROBABILITY THAT SLUG LENGTH IS .LE. 444.6 FT 99.8600 PERCENT PROBABILITY THAT SLUG LENGTH IS .LE. 729.2 FT 99.9900 PERCENT PROBABILITY THAT SLUG LENGTH IS .LE. 1050.4 FT 99.9999 PERCENT PROBABILITY THAT SLUG LENGTH IS .LE. 1761.5 FTSLUG DELIVERY-------------THE GAS BUBBLE VELOCITY IS = 17.9 FT/SECTHE GAS BUBBLE VELOCITY IS=179FT/SECTHE LIQUID FILM VELOCITY IS = 1.1 FT/SECTHE GAS VELOCITY IS = 16.8 FT/SEC50.0000 PERCENTILE SLUG--------------------------THE LIQUID SLUG DELIVERY TIME IS= 9.12 SECS SLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLESLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLE84.1300 PERCENTILE SLUG--------------------------THE LIQUID SLUG DELIVERY TIME IS= 15.04 SECS SLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLESLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLE97.7200 PERCENTILE SLUG--------------------------THE LIQUID SLUG DELIVERY TIME IS= 24.79 SECS SLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLESLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLE99.8600 PERCENTILE SLUG--------------------------THE LIQUID SLUG DELIVERY TIME IS= 40.67 SECS SLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLESLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLE99.9900 PERCENTILE SLUG--------------------------THE LIQUID SLUG DELIVERY TIME IS= 58.58 SECS SLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLESLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLE99.9999 PERCENTILE SLUG--------------------------THE LIQUID SLUG DELIVERY TIME IS= 98.25 SECS SLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLESLUG DELIVERY MODEL NOT APPLICABLE*** NOTE: THE STATISTICAL SLUG MODEL IS APPLICABLEIF THE DOWN STREAM END OF THE PIPELINEIS HORIZONTAL OR NEAR HORIZONTAL ANDIF UPSTREAM TERRAIN EFFECTS ARE NOT FELTAT THE DELIVERY POINT (END OF THE PIPELINE)IF SLUG OCCURRING REGION IS LESS THAN 3948.424 FTIF SLUG OCCURRING REGION IS LESS THAN3948424FTSLUG LENGTHS WILL BE SMALLER THAN PREDICTEDBY MODELSEVERE SLUGGING CALCULATIONS----------------------------SEVERE SLUGGING GROUP NUMBER = 7.603EXPECTED SLUG LENGTH = 0.000 FT*** NOTE: SEVERE SLUGGING GROUP NUMBER ANALYSISIS VALID ONLY IF A PREDOMINANTLYDOWNWARD SLOPING PIPELINE IS FOLLOWEDDOWNWARD SLOPING PIPELINE IS FOLLOWEDBY A VERTICAL UPWARD PIPE AT THE ENDOF THE LINK清管分析模型–Barua-modified-McDonald-Baker (MB)清管模型–连续稳态模型四个流动区域–重新建立的两相流区–气相区–液塞区–未接触的两相流区假设清管球发射后管道入口流量保持恒定Normal Two-Phase Flow (Stratified)Flow FlowTwo-Phase Pipeline Flow with SpheresUndisturbed Two-Phase Flow Re-establishedTwo-Phase FlowLiquid Slug Zone Gas Zone ZoneZone清管模型计算–压力剖面－时间压力剖面时间–每个区域的长度－时间清管球位置时间–清管球位置－时间–段塞传递速度–段塞传递所需时间–重新建立稳态所需的时间允许多个清管球–第一个清管球需在第一个Pipe的入口处清管球的直径必须在第个Pi–必须在第一个Pipe中规定–下游如若发射清管球，则在相应Pipe中规定Re-established and Gas Zone ReportINLET RE EST FLOW ZONE SPHERESlug AnalysisINLET ----RE-EST: FLOW ZONE------------------SPHERE----------------------BEHIND SPHERE----PRESS: FLOWTIME PRES: DISTANCE PRESS: TEMP: DISTANCE DROP PRESS: TEMP: RATE (SECS) (PSIA) (FT) (PSIA) (F) (FT) (PSIA) (PSIA) (F) (LBHR)----------------------------------------------------------------------SPHERE NUMBER 1 LAUNCHED FROM STATION 119.0 360.4 32.1 360.3 119.9 494.3 8.5 359.5 118.4 41371.38.0 361.7 64.1 361.5 119.8 984.7 8.5 359.8 116.7 41371.57.0 361.7 96.1 361.4 119.7 1475.1 8.5 358.8 115.1 41371.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •••SPHERE NUMBER 2 LAUNCHED FROM STATION 2437.0 384.9 717.1 382.9 117.6 10576.1 26.3 364.3 92.6 41371.456.0 391.9 741.8 389.9 117.5 10814.4 26.3 371.3 92.2 41371.475.0 391.9 772.8 389.8 117.4 11266.3 26.3 370.5 91.5 41371.••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •••1786.0 360.3 29538.3 286.8 71.1 38339.1 10.4 284.5 67.8 38584.1805.0 360.3 29569.4 286.7 71.1 38591.9 10.4 284.4 67.7 38582.1814.5 360.3 29584.9 286.7 71.1 38718.3 10.4 284.4 67.7 38580.••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •••----------------SLUG ZONE------------------SLUG SLUGSLUG SLUG EDGE PRESS: EDGETIME VELO: LENGTH PRESS: DROP DISTANCE (SECS) (FPS) (FT) (PSIA) (PSIA) (FT)----------------------------------------------19.0 26.20 20.1 346.5 4.5 514.438.0 26.09 40.0 345.6 5.7 1024.657.0 26.10 59.7 343.4 6.9 1534.876.0 25.99 79.3 342.6 8.1 2038.876025997933426812038895.0 25.99 99.5 340.4 9.4 2549.0114.0 25.89 119.3 339.5 10.5 3048.1••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •••1729.0 13.86 2597.3 253.1 21.4 40178.9 1748.0 13.86 2626.8 252.8 21.6 40460.7 1767.0 13.86 2656.3 252.5 21.8 40742.7 1786.0 13.87 2685.8 252.2 22.0 41024.9 1805.0 13.87 2715.4 251.9 22.2 41307.3 1814.5 13.87 2730.3 251.7 22.3 41448.6SLUG DELIVERY-------------PRESS:SLUG SPHERE BEHINDTIME VELOCITY VELOCITY SPHERE(SECS) (FPS) (FPS) (PSIA) (SECS)(FPS)(FPS)(PSIA)------------------------------9.8 13.87 13.87 274.619.7 13.87 13.87 273.519713871387273529.5 13.90 13.90 272.439.3 13.96 13.96 271.649.0 14.01 14.01 270.6490140114012706••• ••• ••• •••163.1 14.70 14.70 257.3172.4 14.77 14.77 256.11724147714772561181.6 14.84 14.84 254.8SLUG DELIVERY TAKES 181.6 SECS.Slug Analysis Undisturbed Zone ReportSTEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 1996.08 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 2156.16 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 2316.24 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 2476.32 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 2636.40 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 2796.48 SECS.••• •••STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 30490.17 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 30650.25 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 30810.33 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET.TIME IS30810.33SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 30970.41 SECS.STEADY STATE NOT REACHED YET. TIME IS 31130.49 SECS.STEADY STATE FLOW IS RE-ESTABLISHED AFTER 31290.6 SECSAFTER SPHERE IS LAUNCHED40Delivering the power of technologies…SimTech Beijing Ltd.LtdHotline: 010‐5166 7700Email/QQ: ‐support@sim tech com cnwww.sim‐pPipePhase QQ群号：149046553。