高考英语简答题的答题思路与技巧

高考英语简答题的答题思路与技巧

简答题主要是考查学生语言组织能力和表达能力，它要求学生用简短的词组或句子回答提问或补充完整句子。因此，简答题虽说表面上量大而且要求宽，但其实质却是降低了考试难度。考生对这种新题型不必担忧。

简答题较难的另一个原因是在这个部分中几乎没有猜题的技巧可言，所以平时复习时不要抱有幻想，而是要从根本上提高自己的阅读能力。

由于简答题的考查点与阅读理解有很大的相似性，平时提高做简答题能力的方法是：在做阅读理解题时，先不看选项，试一试用自己的话回答。

一、简答题的评分原则及标准

一）简答题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上，用正确简洁的语言回答问题。在评分时同时考虑内容和语言。每题满分为2分，最低分为0分。

二）给分标准

2分—答出全部内容，语言正确；

1分—答出部分内容，语言正确；

0分—没有答对问题。

三、针对题型特点采取相应措施。

1. 词汇语义题(73题)

这类题的目的在于考查考生转述(paraphrase)或解释(explain)某个词或语句在特定场合下的特定含义的能力。该类题要求考生不仅要读懂原文，而且要表达出来。

先请翻译下列句子, 猜测kill在特定场合下的特定含义

①He is a lady killer

②He is a girl chaser

③I love playing cards with Bob, because I kill him every time.

④In the soccer game last week, Chinese killed Japanese.

词汇语义题出题方式为：

1)Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word...

2)The word“...”in line...refers to...

3)The expression“...”in Paragraph...is closest in meaning to...

解这类题时，可注意找出原词在文章中的同义代换词。如果没有，还应注意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有解释、说明作用的语言成分。

例1 . Though Tom's face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.

Grubby here means not ( 限1个单词)

例2：SHISHMAREF, an Eskimo village on an island off northwestern Alaska, is falling into the ocean. Giant storm waves have so hit the place ---once well buffered by sea ice---that villagers voted in 2002 to leave their ancestral home for the mainland.

Before temperatures began to rise in Shishmaref about 30 years ago, 20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice protected the village from powerful fall storms.

73. Find a word in the passage closest in meaning to the underlined word "buffered"

( 限1个单词)

例3：One employee said, old Mr. Cleveland always told her what to do. He kept people on a short leash, but the company did well.

What does a shot leash mean?

A leash is a kind of rope. We use a leash to walk our pet dogs, The leash keeps dog from running away or getting into trouble. Keeping a person in a short leash means keeping him or her under close control. The person can not make many decisions for himself or herself.

Word expert James Rogers found a similar saying used more than four hundred years ago. In fifteen sixties, writer Thomas Dickens said in a religious book. "For God have them in leash, yeah, they are his slaves

73. What does t he word“leash”in Line Three refers to?

( 限1个单词)

2. 具体细节题

答题时，尽量用词或短语代替句子，尽量用简单句代替复合句等。另外，考生可采用一些小技巧进行形式上的浓缩，比如，可利用缩写，将their basic units of the price改写为their basic price units；把两个词合成一个复合词，比如：a five-year-old boy,而避免使用a boy of five years old。当然解决问题的关键是使自己的语言有概括性，对同类现象找出共性，进行概括。

Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with economics. One husband said, "Marge and I decided after careful consideration that for her to go back to work at this moment was an extravagance(奢侈) we couldn"t afford." With two preschool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters(临时照看小孩的),transportation, and increased taxes, rather than having more money, they might actually end up with less.

Economic factors are usually the first to be considered, but they are not the most important. The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the emotional needs of each member