高中英语语法讲义——特殊句式
英语语法-特殊句式
Never have I been there . Little did I know about it . Seldom did she come late to school . Not a single mistake did he make . By no means should you buy that kind of car
• (3) 被强调部分的人称和数 • 被强调部分如果是原句的主语，who/that
后面的谓语在人称和数上应与原句主语保 持一致
• It was they that were talking and laughing. • 是他们在又说又笑的。
• （4）强调句指人和指物的情况 • 被强调部分指人时，It is (was)… 后用who（强调
• 2.So small were the words that he could hardly see them .
• 3.Such an interesting film was it that we were all deeply moved .
• 7. as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序 • n(不带冠词)/adj/ adv/ v+ as + subject + be/情态
He went to the film last night. So did I . You must finish your work, so must I . She is interested in the story, so am I . He didn’t turn up. Neither did his brother . His mother told him not to go to the film. So he
高中英语---特殊句式全面讲解及练习(含问题详解)
高中英语语法讲义第二讲——特殊句式倒装句通常句式为自然语序“主语+谓语”，有时为了强调句子的某一部分，或者出于词汇用法、语法结构或修辞上的需要，将这种比较固定的语序加以颠倒，就形成了倒装。
分为完全倒装，部分倒装和形式倒装。
一.完全倒装：谓语动词完全置于主语之前，主语为名词不为代词，谓语不用进行时。
1.一些表示地点、时间或方位等的副词或介词短语。
如：here, there, now, then, up, down ,in, out,away, off, in the room, on the wall等置于句首。
Down came the rain and up went the umbrella.Then followed three days of heavy rain.Out rushed the children laughing loudly.Away flew the plane.2.such 位于句首。
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest sc ientist.注：此句型中的such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。
Such are the facts; no one can deny them.二．部分倒装：只把谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词或be动词）置于主语之前1.so+ be 动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语，意为“...也是如此”。
They love making lots of friends; so do I.2.neither/nor+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语，意为“...也不这样”。
Lily can’t ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy.3.否定词never, seldom, nor, not, little, hardly, scarcely等或表示否定意义的介词短语at no time,under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时。
高中英语：特殊句式语法总结
高中英语：特殊句式语法总结用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。
感叹句由what 或how引导，具体用法如下表：感叹句记忆口诀：感叹句，并不难，what与how应在前。
形容词、副词跟着how，what后面名词连。
名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。
主词、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见。
祈使句的基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。
常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。
1. 肯定的祈使句①句型：动词原形＋其他成分。
Be careful!小心！②＂Do＋祈使句＂表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。
③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。
Close the door, please. 请关门。
2. 否定的祈使句①常用句型：Don’t＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了！②用Never开头：Never＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Never leave today’s work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！3. Let引导的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。
其否定形式有两种：Let...not 或Don’t...Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。
Don’t let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。
祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换1. ＂Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他＂可转换为＂Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? ＂。
Let’s go fishing thi s afternoon. =Shall we go fishing this afternoon?2. ＂祈使句 + and/or + 简单句＂可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。
高中英语语法：特殊句式 之强调句
高中英语语法：特殊句式之强调句一、It is ...that/who 强调句1、基本结构：“It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”强调句结构可用来强调句子的主语、宾语和状语等。
◇It was a European chemistwho produced the medicine.(强调主语)是一位欧洲药剂师发明了这种药。
◇It was him that we met at the school gate.(强调宾语)我们在学校门口见到的是他。
◇It was at three o'clock that we finished the work(强调状语)我们是在三点钟完成工作的。
★ 2、who/that的选用强调句中，引导词一般用that，that只起连接作用，没有实际意义，而且不能够省略掉。
指人时，that可以用who替代，其他情况下均用that。
◇It is our parents who/that we depend on when we are in trouble.当我们遇到困难时是我们的父母值得依靠。
（所强调的是人，所以who和that都可以用）◇It is a wallet that he picked up.他捡起来的是一个钱包。
（所强调的wallet是物，只能用that）3、is/was的选用原句谓语动词是过去的某种时态时，被强调部分用“It was...”；原句为现在的某种时态时，被强调部分用“It is...”。
4、主谓一致强调句中被强调部分如果是句子的主语，that/who之后的谓语动词在人称和数词上应与被强调的主语保持一致。
◇It is you whoare in charge of it.是你应该为此负责。
◇It is I who am to blame for the fault.是我应该因这个过失而受责备。
辨析：强调句和其他从句的区别一般来说，如果把句子中的It is/was ...that/who...去掉后稍加调整语序，能还原成完整的句子，并且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句。
高考语法专题辅导-特殊句式[强调、替代、省略和倒装]
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高考语法专题辅导-特殊句式[强调、替代、省略和倒装]【专题九】特殊句式（强调、替代、省略和倒装）【考点分析】强调句1.强调句型用于强调陈述句；2.强调句型用于强调一般疑问句；3.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句；4.强调句型用于强调not…until…句型;5.强调句型与状语从句、定语从句、祈使句的混合考查。
替代1.do/does/did替代动词;2.so和not分别代替肯定和否定的从句.省略1.主语的省略；2.谓语或谓语的一部分的省略；3.宾语的省略；4.不定式的省略；5.宾语从句和状语从句中的省略；6.虚拟条件句中if的省略。
倒装句1.部分倒装；2.完全倒装3.常考的几个重要句型：So +be/情态/助动词+主语Neither+be/情态/助动词+主语So +adj/adv …+that …Neither …, nor …Not only …, but also …Not until …【知识点归纳】为了表达说话人强烈的感情色彩或达到语法结构的需要，常采用强调。
应用中，强调常通过强调结构、语法性倒装、修辞性倒装等来体现。
作为修辞手段，省略和替代能使语句简练、紧凑，但往往给学生的理解和选择造成一定的障碍。
在近几年的高考题中省略和替代现象时有出现，而且出错率较高，原因是因为大多数考生对省略和替代的规律不明了。
请注意下面的说明。
I.强调句1.It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语、或状语），常用强调结构：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语。
原始句：Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace.强调主语：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in the Youth Palace last night.强调宾语：It was a fiml that I saw in the Youth Palace last night.强调地点状语：It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a film last night.强调时间状语：It was last night that I saw a film in the Youth Palace.一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来各种时态，用It is…that (who)…；如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则用It was… that(who)…。
高考英语_语法__特殊句式(强调、省略、主谓一致、倒装及其他)课件
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(1)强调句型中的主谓一致 在强调句型中，当对陈述句中的主语进行强调时，无论被强 调的主语是单数还是复数，主句中的谓语动词都要用单数形式It is/was...，同时，that从句中的谓语动词要与被强调的主语在人称 和数方面保持一致。 It is my parents that/who often help me get out of trouble. (2)当对地点状语、时间状语或其他状语从句进行强调时， 只能用连接词that，而不能用when，where，why或how等。 It was on August 8,2008 that 29th Summer Olympic Games were opened in Beijing.
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感悟高考
1．It was along the Mississippi River spent much of his childhood. A．how B．which C．that
C
Mark Twain (2008· 天津，8)
D．where
解析
此处构成It was...that...强调句式，句中强调了介词短语
along the Mississippi River。
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2．The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only lessons. A．saved was teachers’ energy B．was teachers’ energy saved C．teachers’ energy was saved D．was saved teachers’ energy
高中英语语法复习之特殊句式
高中英语语法复习之特殊句式无需改动。
4.否定副词或短语位于句首时，句子需全部倒装。
Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.Not only did he fail the exam。
but he also lost his scholarship.5.表示条件的副词或短语位于句首时，句子需全部倒装。
Had I known the truth。
I XXX.二、部分倒装1.在祈使句中，助动词do/does/did可省略，但要保留原来的动词原形，主语需放在动词前。
Take your XXX。
please。
→ Do take your medicine。
please.2.在表示感叹的句子中，常用what/ how/so/ such引导句子，需将助动词、情态动词、be动词放在主语之前。
What a beautiful day it is!How kind of you to help me!So great was XXX.Such was the noise that we couldn't concentrate.C.强调句强调句是指在句子中通过特殊的语法结构来强调某一成分，使其更加突出。
1.强调句的结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分。
It was Tom who won the first prize.It XXX.2.强调句中被强调部分的形式：可以是名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等。
It was the best movie I have ever seen.It is only with hard work that you can achieve success.3.强调句的注意事项：强调句中的被强调部分通常放在句首或句末。
强调句中的谓语动词要与其主语保持一致。
强调句中的that/who可以省略，但要注意谓语动词的变化。
高中英语语法：特殊句式
高中英语语法：特殊句式最常见到的四种特殊句式：全部倒装、部分倒装、省略句和反意疑问句。
1 全部倒装1. There be句型：可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外，还可用live，exist，remain，stand等作谓语。
例如：(1) There are many students in the classroom.(2) Long long ago, there lived a king who loved horses very much.2. 用于“here（there，now，then）+不及物动词+主语”的句型中，或以out，in，up，down，away等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。
例如：Here comes the bus.Out went the children.3. 由then引起，谓语为come，follow的句子。
例如：(1) Then came a new difficulty.(2) Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.4. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时，也常常引起全部倒装。
例如：In the middle of our school stands a high building.5. 表语放在句首时，倒装结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。
表语常为形容词、过去分词和介词短语。
例如：(1) Gone are the days when they would do what they liked.(2) Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.2 部分倒装1. only+副词/介词短语/状语从句置于句首。
例如：Only then did I realize the importance of English.注意：①在only+状语从句+主句结构中，主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。
高考英语_语法__特殊句式(强调、省略、主谓一致、倒装及其他)课件_外研版
2．不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to
(1)用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid，be glad，
forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，try， want，wish等的后边。 (2009· 江苏卷)—What’s the matter with Della? —Well，her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party，but she
A．isn’t decided C．aren’t decided 解析： B．hasn’t decided D．haven’t decided
考查语态与主谓一致。本句的主语由either...or...连接，谓
语动词应该与or后面的名词保持一致，使用单数；根据语意可知，应该
使用被动语态。
答案： A
2．(2010· 海淀第二学期期末)—Have you heard that Jones，along
is...that/who”时，剩下的句子结构仍然完整。这里是强调句的疑问形式，
由答语可知，这里句子的主语应该用What，而不是Where，Why或How。 答案： D
2．(2011· 青岛一模)—Where did you meet the famous actress?
—It was in the supermarket ________ we went shopping last
考查主谓一致和词义辨析。主语中心词是Jones，是单数，
பைடு நூலகம்
所以所填词用单数形式；根据应答句中No wonder 后的从句意思可知所
填词意思是去了，动词用go，选C。 答案： C
高考英语特殊句式经典讲解
英语特殊句式1.强调句：It be…连接词that/who其它1.去掉句型词后，仍完整。
2.可以强调，主语，宾语，状语。
3.强调状语时，常含有介词，连接词用that.4.强调局部含有定语从句。
5.与not… until时间状语综合，not和until在强调句中紧挨着。
6.强调句的特殊疑问形式为；疑问词…be.. it..that.. ，语序问题考察7.强调句的特殊疑问形式，假设在宾语从句中，疑问词…it..be…that8.强调构造的省略形式，即被强调局部后的省略。
9.do〔does, did，〕用在动词原形前意为务必，确实。
(只能用于一般式的肯定句)〔1〕They couldn’t say ___it was _____troubled them.A.what; thatB.what, whatC. that whatD.what who 〔2〕It is not who is right but what is right_____is of importance.A.whichB.itC.that D .this〔3〕It was in China ____Tom first met Mr.Lin.A.thatB. HowC. whichD.where〔4〕It was ____back home after the experiment .A. not until midnight did he goB.until midnight that he didn’t goC.not until midnight that he wentD.until midnight when he didn’t go 〔5〕---Where did you get to know her "---It was on the farm _____we worked .A. thatB. thereC. which D .where2.倒装1.与之相对的是陈述；假设使用倒装，在句子中会出现某些迹象2.种类:完全倒装，〔谓语提前〕；局部倒装〔助词提前〕。
高中英语语法专题——特殊句式讲解与练习 无答案
特殊句式（倒装、强调和省略句）倒装句1.Only when I left my parents for Italy ________how much I loved them.A.I realisedB.I had realisedC.had I realisedD.did I realise2._______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strangeC.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound3.I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _______so lonely as now.A.have I feltB.I had feltC.I have feltD.had I felt4.So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.A.did the attackB.the attack didC.was the attackD.the attack was5.Not until ________on TV _______that the Chinese ship was rescued by the European Union Task Force.A.I turned; did I knowB.did I turn; did I knowC.did I turn; I knewD.I turned; I had knownDDACA考点二：强调句1.构成和判断：It is/was+被强调部分（时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、方式状语、名词、代词、从句）+that(指人可以用who)+句子其余部分。
高中英语语法之特殊句式的结构
特殊句式的结构1.It结构一、强调句强调句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。
被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。
强调句型的使用特点主要有以下几个方面：(1)被强调的是状语或状语从句时，要用that引导从句，而不能用which，而且通常不能省略。
(2)被强调的是人时，引导词可用who，也可用that。
Was it you that/who let out the secret to her?是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗？(3)被强调的不管是单数还是复数名词，主句的be动词都用单数is或was。
It was Marie Curie and her husband who discovered radium.是居里夫人和她的丈夫发现了镭。
It is the PLA men who/that are safeguarding our country day and night.是解放军战士日夜保卫着我们的祖国。
(4)对not...until时间状语从句进行强调时，其句型是：It is/was not until...that从句，即not和until在强调句中总是紧挨着的。
注意习惯上不用not till，而且从句不能用when引导。
It was not until the last operation was finished that Bethune left the battle hospital.(5)强调句的疑问形式：When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?他是什么时候决定选修这一门课程的？Why is it that he doesn’t like th e book?他为什么不喜欢这本书？Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?(6)强调句型与It is/was＋时间＋when从句：在上述句型中it指时间，when引导的是时间状语从句。
高考英语讲义特殊句式
高考英语讲义一．倒装1. 全部倒装〔将整个谓语局部放在主语之前〕（1）在there be 句型中〔其中be还可以换成seem，live，stand，lie，appear，lie，exist，come等动词〕，要全部倒装Long long ago，there lived a king who liked horses very much. There are many people dancing in the square.There seems to have a concert in the hall tomorrow.There lies a snake along the lake.（2）such 放句首，句子全部倒装(注意主谓一致，以谓语动词后面的成分来确定的单复〕Such was his life then. Such is what he wants. Such were her books.（3）以there，here，now，then，thus等引导的句子中，谓语动词常为be，come，go等，句子全部倒装There goes the bell. Here comes the bus. Then came a new difficult question. There rings the telephone.（4）以down，up，out，away等表示位置转移的副词位于句首时，句子全部倒装(人称代词出现时，句子不倒装〕Up went the arrow into the sky. In came the teacher. Away ran the dog.Out rushed the people from their house when the earthquake happened.In she came. Here you are. Out it ran. (人称代词出现，不倒装〕（5）表地点的介词短语放在句首，句子要用倒装In the classroom stays a girl.On the desk lies a book.2. 局部倒装〔将谓语中的助动词，情态动词，be动词放在主语之前〕（1）only+状语〔副词，介词短语，状语从句〕放在句首，谓语动词局部倒装Only then did I realize the importance of English.Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only when I came into the house did I recognize the man.注：only修饰主语时，句子不用倒装Only you can finish the work.（2）so +be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语，句子局部倒装So did I〔我也是〕与so he does〔他确实是〕的判断方法〈1〉判断原句正负〔肯定为正，否认为负〕原句为正用so开头，原句为负用neither或nor开头〈2〉判断原句的be/助动词/情态动词〔根据时态与人称确定〕〈3〉看人称所指一致不一致人称所指一致，用正序；人称所指不一致用倒序〈4〉如果出现第三个人与前面两人的情况一样时，用it is the same with sb.如果两者情况都一样时，并且原句为否认，那么省略句还可用：主语be/助动词/情态动词+either.I went there yesterday, so did he.我昨天去那里了，他也去了。
英语语法复习之特殊句式
英语语法复习：特殊句式1．强调句型：句型结构形式：It is／was…that／who…be的时态：that／who前面be的时态一般是一般现在时，当它后面的句子为过去时时，才用过去时。
判断方法：将(It is／was)．．．(that／who)…括号中的词同时去掉，看剩下的部分是否仍然成立。
若成立，则是强调句型；若不成立，则为状语从句、定语从句或主语从句。
5．There be句型：注意动词的形式；注意能用于这一句型的抽象特殊名词及动词的抽象形式；注意主语补足语的形式。
6．倒装句：倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装。
全部倒装：地点副词或介词短语+动词+主语(名词)；地点副词或介词短语+主语(代词)+动词。
部分倒装：(1)否定词或半否定词+助动词／情态动词+主语+谓语动词+其它。
(2)only+副词(状语)／SO+助动词／情态动词+主语+谓语动词+其它。
(3)让步状语从句的倒装。
(4)非真实条件句的倒装。
(5)结果、目的状语从句中的such，SO提到句首时的倒装。
考点解析高中英语涉及的特殊句型包括强调句、倒装句、省略句和反意疑问句。
高考对于这四种句型的考查很灵活。
学习的关键是记准确各个句型出现的条件。
2013年高考考生应特别注意1、基本的句型条件；2、句型中的时态。
交际用语的考查重点应注重文化差异，在平时的学习中注意英语的交际规则和交际模式，防止母语思维定势的干扰和影响，形成英语思维方式。
强调在使用英语时，有时要突出或强调某个词、词组或句子，这时就要用到强调结构。
1、It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most. 【C】A．who B．which C．that D．what2、—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?— Of course, I have．It was in our village it was made．【A】A．that B．where C．when D．which3、Was it on a lonely island he was saved one month after the boat went famous．【B】A．where B．that C．which D．what2、not …until 也可用于强调句型4、It was _____ he came bank from Africa that year ____ he met the girl he would like to marry. 【C】A. when; thenB. not; untilC. not until; thatD. only; when5、借助助动词do对谓语动词的强调要借助于助动词do加动词原形，而且do有人称、时态和数的变化。
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高中英语语法讲义————特殊句式倒装句通常句式为自然语序“主语+谓语”，有时为了强调句子的某一部分，或者出于词汇用法、语法结构或修辞上的需要，将这种比较固定的语序加以颠倒，就形成了倒装。
分为完全倒装，部分倒装和形式倒装。
一.完全倒装：谓语动词完全置于主语之前，主语为名词不为代词，谓语不用进行时。
1.一些表示地点、时间或方位等的副词或介词短语。
如：here, there, now, then, up, down ,in, out,away, off, in the room, on the wall等置于句首。
Down came the rain and up went the umbrella.Then followed three days of heavy rain.Out rushed the children laughing loudly.Away flew the plane.2.such 位于句首。
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest sci entist.注：此句型中的such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。
Such are the facts; no one can deny them.二．部分倒装：只把谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词或be动词）置于主语之前1.so+ be 动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语，意为“...也是如此”。
They love making lots of friends; so do I.2.neither/nor+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语，意为“...也不这样”。
Lily can’t ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy.3.否定词never, seldom, nor, not, little, hardly, scarcely等或表示否定意义的介词短语at no time,under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时。
Not a single mistake did he make.=He di dn’t make a single mistake.4.only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。
Only then did I begin to understand him.Only in this way can we solve the problem.Only if you work hard will you be admitted to a top university.5.so...that...和such...that...句式中，so或such及其所修饰的部分置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understoodSuch progress did he make that he won much respect.三．形式倒装：在语法上称为前置。
只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。
1.感叹句What an interesting talk they had!=How interesting a talk they had!2.the+比较级.....,the +比较级.....句型The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.3.whatever+ n.或however+ adj./adv.引导的让步状语从句Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening.4,as / though引导让步状从，表语、状语、含情态动词的谓语提前，表语为单数名词提前不用冠词。
Young as /though he was, he was successful.Child as /though he is, he knows much.题组训练1.Only when you can find peace in your heart you keep good relationships with others.2.At no time they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.3.Only after Mary read her composition the second time she notice the spelling mistake.4.---It’s so good. Never before I had such a nice meal!---I am glad you like it.答案：1. will 2. did 3. did 4. have强调句1.强调句型的陈述句形式：It is /was +被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。
被强调部分为“人”时可用who/that,被强调部分是“事物”时用that. 被强调部分不能为谓语定语。
It is I who/that am right（强调主语）It was him that/who we met at the school gate.（强调宾语）It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.（强调状语）2.强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who+其他成分Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English?3.强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+is/was it that+其他成分。
Who was it that broke the window?When was it that you called me yesterday?What is it that you want me to do?4.有时可用It might be......that/who....,It must have been ......that/who....句型表示强调。
It might be his father that/who you’re thinking of.It must have been his brother that/who you saw.5.not.....until....结构的强调句型。
其强调句式为：It is /was not until +被强调部分+that+主句的肯定式He didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock.It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed.I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her da rk glasses.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.二对谓语动词的强调It is /was ......who/that.....结构不能强调谓语动词。
强调谓语动词，用助动词do, does或did加原形。
Do come this evening.He did write to you last week.Tom does study hard now.三特殊疑问句中以“the devil”“on earth”“in the world”表“究竟；到底”之意来起强调的作用。
What on earth are you doing.？题组训练1.Was because Jack came late for school Mr. Smith got angry?2.It only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.3.It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.4.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.答案：1.it; that 2.was;that 3.that 4.that其他特殊句式一省略与代替（一）定语从句中的省略现象限制性定语从句中宾语的关系代词that ,which, whom常可以省略。
如She is the girl (whom/who/that) I would like to work with.（二）状语从句中的省略现象1.当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，这时从句中可以出现下列结构：（1）连词（though, if, when等）+形容词Work hard when (you are) young, or you’ll regret.（2）连词（as if, while等）+介词短语He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.（3）连词（when, while, though）+现在分词While （I was）walking along the street, I heard my name called.（4）连词（when, if, unless, once, than等）+过去分词The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected.（5）连词（as if, as though等）+不定式He opened his mouth as if (he were) to say something.注：当主从句的宾语一致时，有时也可以这样省略。