比较级和比较结构 ppt课件

• 比较级前可加数词表示确切的度量 e.g. He is two inches taller than his father. • He came twenty minutes earlier than the
others.
• 不定冠词/零冠词+形容词比较级+ n. + than分句 e.g. John is a more efficient worker than Jack. = John is a worker more efficient than Jack. = John is more efficient a worker than Jack.
比较等级与比较结构
Comparison and Comparative Construction
讲解提纲
• 形容词与副词的比较等级 • 比较结构的三大类型
➢as…as… ➢more…than… ➢the most…
• 比较结构的其它形式
形容词与副词的比较等级
三个等级： ➢原级 Positive/Absolute Degree ➢比较级 Comparative Degree ➢最高级 Superlative Degree 比较级和最高级的形式 ➢规则 ➢不规则
as…as与 bad, much连用时，常置于句首， 引导让步状语从句。译为“尽管……”： As / So bad as he is, he has his good points.
As much as she hated cruelty, she couldn’t help watching the fight.
比较结构
• 类型 ➢as…as… ➢more…than… ➢the most…
as…as…
• 基本形式 ➢as + adj/adv原级+ as 分句 • 否定形式 ➢not so/as + adj/adv原级+ as分句 ➢less…than…
Examples: John is as bright as Bob. John is not as/so bright as Bob. John is less bright than Bob.
as…as…变体形式
• as much / many + 名词 + as 分句 e.g. He took as much butter as he needed.
She has written as many essays as her brother. • as+ adj. 原级+名词词组 + as分句 e.g. George is as efficient a worker as Jack. = George is a worker (who is) as efficient as Jack.
• 基本用法 ➢ 主语不同，比较项目相同(不同事物的同一方
面)
e.g. The girl was as brilliant as her sister.
John doesn’t behave as / so politely as Bob. ➢ 主语相同，比较项目不同（同一事物的两个方
面）
e.g. The girl was as brilliant as she was beautiful.
as good as（此处不涉及比较级）= in effect, practically, 译为“实际上（等于）”。例如： What he said has as good as shown his attitude. They have as good as promised to help us. The patient is as good as cured.
比较级
taller faster bigger
最高级
tallest fastest biggest
cleverer more clever easier
cleverest most clever easiest
more important
most important
不规则形式
原级
比较级
最高级
good
He is not so wise as he is witty. ➢ 主语不同，比较项目也不同（不同事物的不同
方面）
e.g. This swimming pool isn’t twice as wide as that one is long.
• His uncle was as base and unworthy as his father had been upright and honorable.
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规则形式
• 综合形式Synthetic Form ➢加后缀-er；-est
• 分析形式Analytic Form ➢在原级前加more；most
规则形式
构成法
一般单音节词
结尾为辅音闭 音节单音节词
原级
tall fast big
双音节
clever
结尾为辅音字 easy 母+y的双音节 词
多音节词
important
better
best
well
bad
worse
worst
ill
old
older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further farthest/furthest
没有比较等级的词语
• right, wrong, excellent, perfect, final, whole, ultimate, entire, fatal, spontaneous, univeral, extreme, etc.
more…than…
• 基本形式 ➢adj/ adv比较级 + than分句 • 否定形式 ➢less…than… ➢not so/as + adj/adv原级+ as分句
John is brighter than Bob. This car runs less fast than that one. (This car runs slower than that one.) This car doesn’t run so/as fast as that one.