腰大池腹腔分流术 手术分级

腰大池腹腔分流术手术分级
英文回答：
Lumbar Subarachnoid Drainage.
Classification of Procedure.
Lumbar subarachnoid drainage (LSD) is a neurosurgical procedure that involves the insertion of a catheter into the subarachnoid space in the lumbar region of the spine. The catheter is used to drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and relieve pressure on the brain and spinal cord.
LSD is classified into two main types:
1. Temporary LSD: The catheter is inserted and removed during the same surgical procedure. This type of LSD is typically used to provide temporary relief of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with conditions such as traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or
cerebral edema.
2. Permanent LSD: The catheter is left in place for an extended period of time. This type of LSD is typically used to treat patients with chronic conditions that cause increased ICP, such as hydrocephalus or idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
Indications for LSD.
LSD is indicated for the management of increased ICP in various clinical scenarios, including:
Traumatic brain injury.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Cerebral edema.
Hydrocephalus.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
Contraindications for LSD.
LSD is contraindicated in patients with:
Active infection at the insertion site.
Bleeding disorders.
Severe spinal deformity.
Procedure Technique.
LSD is typically performed under local anesthesia. The patient is placed in the lateral decubitus position with the knees flexed. The insertion site is identified and prepped. A small incision is made, and a spinal needle is inserted into the subarachnoid space. A catheter is then threaded through the needle and advanced into the CSF. The catheter is secured in place with sutures or tape.
Complications of LSD.
LSD is generally a safe procedure, but complications can occur, including:
Infection.
Bleeding.
Nerve damage.
CSF leak.
Headache.
中文回答：
腰大池腹腔分流术。

手术分级。

腰大池腹腔分流术是一种神经外科手术，它涉及在脊柱腰椎区域的蛛网膜下腔中插入导管。

导管用于引流脑脊液 (CSF) 并缓解脑
和脊髓的压力。

腰大池腹腔分流术分为两種類型：
1. 临时腰大池腹腔分流术，导管在同一手术过程中插入和移除。

这种类型的腰大池腹腔分流术通常用于为创伤性脑损伤、蛛网膜下
腔出血或脑水肿等疾病患者提供颅内压升高 (ICP) 的暂时缓解。

2. 永久性腰大池腹腔分流术，导管长时间放置。

这种类型的腰
大池腹腔分流术通常用于治疗慢性疾病导致的 ICP 升高，如脑积水
或特发性颅内高压。

腰大池腹腔分流术的适应症。

腰大池腹腔分流术适用于在多种临床情况下管理 ICP 升高，包括：
创伤性脑损伤。

蛛网膜下腔出血。

脑水肿。

脑积水。

特发性颅内高压。

腰大池腹腔分流术的禁忌症。

腰大池腹腔分流术对以下患者禁忌：
插入部位活动性感染。

出血性疾病。

严重脊柱畸形。

手术技术。

腰大池腹腔分流术通常在局部麻醉下进行。

患者侧卧位，双膝屈曲。

确定并准备插入部位。

做一个小的切口，并插入一根脊柱针到蛛网膜下腔。

然后将导管穿过针头并推进到 CSF 中。

导管用缝线或胶带固定到位。

腰大池腹腔分流术的并发症。

腰大池腹腔分流术通常是一种安全的手术，但可能会发生并发症，包括：
感染。

出血。

神经损伤。

脑脊液渗漏。

头痛。