高考英语动词不定式、动名词、分词专题

一、动词不定式

（一）句法功能

1、作主语

eg：To live means to create.

To do that sort of thing is absurd.

Before the invention of aeroplanes,to fly in the sky like a brid was only a dream.

It was his job to repair bicycles.

2、作表语

eg：This matter appears to be complicated.

To live in hearts is not to die.

To see is to believe.

The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.

What we want is for you to understand the matter clearly.

What a fire-door does is to delay the spread of a fire long enough for people to get out.

His greatest wish was to see an end to wars.

All you have to do is finish the job quickly.---无to不定式，解释主语具体内容

All I can do is just smile at him and not say anything.

The only thing you need do is fill out this application form.

3、作宾语

eg：He promised to help me.

Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job.

I expect to enter graduate school in the fall.

4、作介词宾语

5、作宾语补语

eg：They persuaded me to go with them.

I should guess her to be about fifty.

We felt the house shake.---不带to的不定式

She asked me to stay there.

Mr.White persuaded Tom not to smoke anymore.

I, who cannot see, find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch.

I consider him to have acted disgracefully.

We found the rumor to be true.

He understood the message to mean that she was not coming.

He considers himself very important.---不带to

He is considered one of the leading statesmen of our country.

I saw a car crash into a tree.

6、作定语

eg：Have you anything to declare?

The important thing is to get some work to do.

Let’s find a more comfortable house to live in.

In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.

Jack is the person for me to turn to in difficult times.

Is this the only point for us pay attention to?

Plants need room to spread their roots to get water and to spread their leaves to get

sunlight.

He is the only person to know the truth.

That is the best film to be producted that year.

7、作状语

eg：I am glad to see you.

He was furious to hear the news.

To succeed in a scientific research project, one needs o be persistent.

（二）特殊结构

1、疑问词+动词不定式

二、动名词

（一）句法功能

1、作主语

eg：Seeing is one thing, doing is another.

Finding a good place to live continues to be one of man’s most urgent problems.

Having two good eyes is important for judging distances.

It is terribly tiring working late like this.

It’s nice spending the holiday at the beach.

2、作表语

eg：Seeing is believing.

His main hobby is collecting stamps.

My favorite sport is swimming.

The only thing that interest her is working.

The most popular pastime is playing chess.

3、作宾语

eg：I like reading.

I suggest you should practise speaking English whenever you can.

I enjoy reading the newspaper while I’m having breakfast.

We can leave as soon as it quits snowing.

4、作介词宾语

5、作定语----------------只能前置

eg：frying pan writing table freezing point sleeping car waiting room 三、分词---------------现在分词，过去分词

（一）句法功能

1、作表语

eg：Time is pressing.

The journey was very tiring.

Japan is located in East Asia.

The explanation is confusing.

He is married.

2、作宾语补语

eg：I can smell something burning.

He couldn’t make himself heard.

I stood on the bridge and watched the boats passing by.

I hope I haven’t kept you waitting too long.