2019 谓语动词的时态和语态
【语法课件】谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
doing
been doing have been doing
1.一般时态 (1)一般现在时 ①表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用动作动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。 ②表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。 The sun sets in the west.太阳从西方落下。 ③在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 I'll write to her when I have time. 有时间我会写信给她。
②一般将来时的常用结构
·用于“I expect,I'm sure,I think,I wonder+宾语从句”中 ·用于“祈使句+and+陈述句”中 ·与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用
Don't worry about the exam.I'm sure you'll pass. 不要担心这次考试,我确信你会通过的。 If you ask him,he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙,他会帮助你的。
③ 表 示 位 置 转 移 的 动 词 可 用 进 行 时 代 替 将 来 时 。 这 样 的 动 词 有 go , come , start,leave,arrive,begin,return等。 I'm leaving for Beijing next month. 我下个月要去北京。 (2)过去进行时(was/were+现在分词) 过去进行时表示在过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 He was reading an interesting book this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候他在读一本有趣的书。
谓语动词的五种基本形式
谓语动词的五种基本形式一、谓语动词的五种基本形式谓语动词是句子的核心,用来说明主语的动作、状态或性质。
它有五种基本形式,即原形、现在分词、过去式、过去分词和第三人称单数形式。
下面将详细介绍这五种形式的用法和特点。
1. 原形:谓语动词的原形是其最基本的形式,用于表示一般的动作或状态。
例如:- I like to read books.(我喜欢读书。
)- They work hard every day.(他们每天都很努力工作。
)2. 现在分词:谓语动词的现在分词形式以-ing结尾,常用于进行时态和作定语。
例如:- She is singing in the choir.(她正在合唱团唱歌。
)- The running water is very clear.(流水很清澈。
)3. 过去式:谓语动词的过去式表示过去发生的动作或状态。
常用于过去时态。
例如:- He played basketball yesterday.(他昨天打篮球。
)- We visited the museum last week.(我们上周参观了博物馆。
)4. 过去分词:谓语动词的过去分词形式通常以-ed或-en结尾,用于完成时态和被动语态。
例如:- The book was written by a famous author.(这本书是一位著名作家写的。
)- They have eaten all the cake.(他们已经吃完了所有的蛋糕。
)5. 第三人称单数形式:谓语动词的第三人称单数形式常用于现在时态中,用于表示第三人称的动作或状态。
例如:- She listens to music every day.(她每天都听音乐。
)- He loves playing football.(他喜欢踢足球。
)1. 原形:原形是谓语动词的最基本形式,不受人称和数的限制,用于一般情况下的陈述句、疑问句和否定句中。
例如:- Do you like ice cream?(你喜欢冰淇淋吗?)- He doesn't know the answer.(他不知道答案。
(完整版)2019 谓语动词的时态和语态
谓语动词的时态和语态一.谓语的概念谓语动词指在句子中充当谓语的动词,有行为动词,系动词,情态动词和助动词等几种,其中行为动词又包括及物动词和不及物动词。
谓语成分就是用来说明主语的动作或状态的,一般由动词或动词短语承担。
如果句子中没有动词充当谓语的时候,就使用“be"动词。
Tom’s garden is beautiful。
My aunt always looks young。
He cannot swim。
Some women are washing clothes by the river。
I have got a new job.We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.The rabbit was shot dead。
They will be invited to attend the meeting.The child opened his eyes, looking at his mother for a while.No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements。
谓语动词的时态时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。
英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时。
一般现在时(the simple present tense )1. 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语:every…, sometimes, on Sunday sI leave home for school at 7 every morning. He sometimes stays in bed until lunch time。
如何判断谓语和非谓语(语法填空)(无答案)
如何判断谓语和非谓语2019年高考语法填空最大的变化就是增加了动词的考查。
具体来说,全国1卷、2卷和3卷分别都是给了5个动词提示。
通常来讲,给动词提示要先判断是谓语还是非谓语,然后填写相应正确的形式。
可是不少学生缺乏判断句中动词是谓语还是非谓语的能力,下面我们来探讨这个问题。
要找到句子谓语动词,就必须先找到主语。
一般简单的主语很容易找到,但是很多时候句子的主语很复杂,导致学生很难发现。
复杂主语通常包括下列情形:含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as等;非谓语动词结构做主语;主语从句充当主语;同位语结构做主语等。
请看下面例句(均来自近年高考试题,斜体部分是句子的主语,划横线的就是谓语):Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”(as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (主语从句充当主语)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within同位语结构做主语)找到了句子的主语,谓语就不难发现了。
语法:谓语动词两态变化
语法:谓语动词两态变化谓语只能由动词充当,谓语动词有两种方式可以发生形态变化:“时态+语态”两态变化。
A.谓语动词时态变化时态指作谓语的动词在不同时间中所表现出来的不同状态,表现在“时间+状态”的变化。
时间表现在“过去、现在、将来”(过去将来不作讨论)的变化;时间点中的状态表现在“一般、完成、进行”(完成进行不作讨论)的变化。
由此可以通过横、纵两个坐标来组合相应时态:过去现在将来一般一般过去时一般现在时一般将来时进行过去进行时现在进行时将来进行时完成过去完成时现在完成时将来完成时在不同时态中,动词分别以do(原形)、does(第三人称单数)、did(过去式)、done(过去分词)、doing(现在分词)任意一种形式存在,放在具体的时态中分别可以总结为:⑴.“一般”时:谓语变化体现在实义动词本身。
一般过去时→did一般现在时→do, does一般将来时will+do(will无人称和数的变化)⑵.“进行”时:基本结构be doing谓语变化体现在助动词be,实义动词doing不变。
过去进行时→was/were doing现在进行时→am/is/are doing将来进行时→will be doing(will无人称和数的变化)⑶.“完成”时:基本结构have done谓语变化体现在助动词have,实义动词done不变。
过去完成时→had done(had无人称和数的变化)现在完成时→have/has done将来完成时→will have done(will无人称和数的变化)以下为各时态结构汇总表格,需要识记默写:B.谓语动词语态变化语态的变化可以理解为主语和宾语或表语位置的单词对句子的统治权的争夺,当主语是动词动作的发出者时,句子采用主动语态,当主语是动词动作的被动承受者时,句子采用被动语态。
主动语态中的谓语动词没有结构形态的变化,而被动语态中的谓语动词需要借助助动词be,构成be done的结构。
高考语法专题一 谓语动词的时态和语态
高考语法专题一:谓语动词的时态和语态一、时态的具体用法:(1) 一般现在时 表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。
① 一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语:often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。
如:They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They oftendiscuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意)②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。
如:The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster thansound.(光传播比声音快)③在条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。
如:Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家)④人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达,常见动词有:like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(认为),understand, remember,forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. 如:I think it is going to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在这儿)(2)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态。
谓语动词的时态和语态:将来时,被动语态
谓语动词的时态和语态:将来时,被动语态谓语动词是句子中的核心动词,它表达了动作、状态或存在。
时态和语态是谓语动词的两个重要方面。
在本文档中,我们将关注将来时和被动语态这两个主题。
将来时态将来时态用来表示将来发生的动作或状态。
在英语中,将来时态有不同的形式:will + 动词原形,be going to + 动词原形,以及一些其他的辅助动词结构。
1. 使用 will + 动词原形来表示将来时态:- 我将去市中心购物。
- I will go shopping in the city center.2. 使用 be going to + 动词原形来表示将来时态:- 我们明天将举办一个重要会议。
- We are going to hold an important meeting tomorrow.3. 其他辅助动词结构用来表示特定的将来动作或状态:- 我明天会正在吃午饭。
- I will be having lunch tomorrow.被动语态被动语态用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在被动语态中,谓语动词以一种形式变为动作的接受者。
被动语态的形式为:be + 过去分词。
1. 将主动语态转换为被动语态:- 主动语态:他吃了这个苹果。
- 被动语态:This apple has been eaten by him.2. 如果主动语态中有物主代词,需要将其作为被动语态的主语,并使用对应的被动语态动词形式:- 主动语态:我们修理了这辆车。
- 被动语态:This car was repaired by us.被动语态可以用来强调行为的接受者,或者在不知道或不关心动作执行者时使用。
总结谓语动词的时态和语态在句子中起着重要的作用。
将来时态用于表示将来发生的动作或状态,可以使用 will + 动词原形、be going to + 动词原形或其他辅助动词结构。
被动语态用于强调动作的接受者,可以通过将主动语态动词转换为 be + 过去分词的形式来表达。
谓语动词的时态和语态用法总结与讲解附练习
谓语动词的时态和语态⽤法总结与讲解附练习谓语动词的时态和语态总结⼀、学习⽬标1. 掌握谓语动词的时态语态的基本结构和基本⽤法2. 了解并掌握谓语动词的时态语态在⾼考题中的考查形式:单句语法填空,单句改错,单句写作⼆、学习重点、难点重点:各种时态语态的基本⽤法和特别⽤法;动词时态的主要考点难点:各种时态语态的特别⽤法.三、学法指导⾃主学习;思考总结;讨论交流;合作探究⾃主练习:语法填空:1.【2019·全国卷III卷·】Our hosts shared many of their experiences and______ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.2【北京I卷·】Hurry up! Mark and Carol_____________ (expect) us.3【2019·全国卷I卷·】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut_______________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.4【2018·全国卷I卷·】While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it _____ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking.5【2017·天津卷·】I__________ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.6.【2019·新课标I卷】Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ______ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.7.【2019·新课标II卷·】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award,proud Irene ___ ___(declare) she had no plans to retire (retire) from her 36-year-old business.8.【2019·新课标III卷·】On the last day of our week-long stay,we______________(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.9.【2018·新课标卷II】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,thecountry______(grow)more corn than rice.10.【2018·新课标卷II】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government___________(start) a soil-testing program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.改错题:1.【2019·新课标II卷·短⽂改错】One was that…,And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.2.【2019·新课标III卷·短⽂改错】Now my dream is to open a café.Though it may appear simple,it required a lot of ideas and efforts.3.【2018·新课标卷I·短⽂改错】During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there.4.【2018·新课标卷II·短⽂改错】I did’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.5.【2018·新课标卷III·短⽂改错】It was Monday morning,and the writing class had just begin.6.【2017·新课标卷III·短⽂改错】I had grown not only physically,but also mentally in the past few years.思考总结:动词的时态和语态概述:1.含义:动词的时态和语态是英语___________的形式,表⽰动作发⽣的时间和所处的状态.2. 学习思路:1).时态和语态重在理解,注意语境;2).要建⽴时,体,语态概念;时---现在时,过去时,将来时,过去将来时(事情发⽣在什么时候,注意主从句)体---⼀般体,进⾏体,完成体,完成进⾏体(动作处于什么状态;经常/进⾏/完成等)语态---主动,被动(主语和动词的关系,主谓or动宾)3.动词的时态和语态解题技巧:1)时间标志词法——不同的时态有与其搭配的时间词汇和短语,这些时间标志词或短语会提⽰应使⽤何种语态.2)语境推断法----有时句中⽆时间标志词或短语,这时需要联系主句或分句中的谓语并结合句意综合判断,推测出使⽤何种时态.3)固定句型提⽰法----在⼀些句型中,使⽤何种时态往往有其规律,判断句型有助于解答时态题,但注意理解句意仍是前提.①It/This is the +序数词+time+that从句(现在完成时)It/This was the +序数词+time+that从句(过去完成时)②It is/ has been+⼀段时间+since从句(⼀般过去时)It was/ had been+⼀段时间+since从句(过去完成时)③Was/were about to do…when从句(⼀般过去时)④Was/were doing…when从句(⼀般过去时)⑤It will be+⼀段时间+before从句(⼀般现在时)It was+⼀段时间+before从句(⼀般过去时)⑥Hardly had…done…when从句(⼀般过去时)No sooner had…done…than从句(⼀般过去时)⑦祈使句+and/or+陈述句(常⽤⼀般将来时)⑧while引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词为延续性动词,时态多为现在进⾏时或过去进⾏时动词的时态和语态详解:⼀、动词的时态:1.⼀般现在时谓语动词的结构:______________________1)表⽰现状、性质、状态和经常性的或习惯性的动作。
谓语动词的时态和语态(1)
Chinese government has spared all-out efforts to bring the pandemic under control in the past one month, which has been praised by WHO.
Make one sentence about the novel coronavirus(新冠病 毒), using one of the following tenses.
In Dec. 2019, some people in Wuhan got infected with a novel coronavirus, which was not known clearly at that time. And the virus spread at an astonishing speed in Jan. 2020 in China.
On the last day of our week-long stay, we w6e9re invited (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to
谓语动词的时态
温州市第二十二中学 蔡芳芳
new: having existed for only a short time novel: not like anything known before
novel coronavirus 新冠病毒
2019-nCov
Make one sentence about the novel coronavirus(新冠病 毒), using one of the following tenses. • 一般过去时
谓语动词的时态和语态
谓语动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态英语的时态是一种动词形式.不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式.英语动词有16种时态,常用的有8种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。
但高中学生需要了解13种,除了以上8种,还须掌握以下5种:将来进行时(一般将来进行时、过去将来进行时)、一般将来完成时、完成进行时(现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时)。
下面分别介绍。
16种时态形式(以do为例):现在过去将来过去将来一般现在一般时do过去一般时did将来一般时will do过去将来一般时would do完成目前完成时have done过去完成时had done将来完成时will have done 举行目前举行时is doing曩昔举行时was doing将来举行时will be doing完成举行现在完成进行时have been doing曩昔完成举行时had been doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来完成进行时wouldhave been doing过去将来完成时过去将来进行时would have donewould be doing【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will等需根据主语的变化来选.一.一般现在时1).表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态.常与表示频度的时间状语连用.如:often,usually,always, sometimes, now, seldom, now and then, every day, occasionally等.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.We have meals three times a day.He is always ready to help others.2).表示客观事实、普遍真理、谚语、格言、警句。
外研版(2019)高中英语 必修一 unit1 基本句型 句子成分
4. 情态动词
情态动词: 增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事 物的态度和看法,v表示可能、应该或必要等, 无人
称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟动词原形,
情V.+do/
V+be done
He can run.
You may borrow my books.
Today’s homework must be finished before 9 o’clock.
② 表变化趋势的(3gbt: go,get,grow, become, turn,); She became angry at once.
③ 保持状态的(keep,stay, remain, seem, appear, prove, ,)
He’s positive and keeps happy every day. ④ 感官动词 ( look, sound, smell, feel, taste ): The plan sounds perfect. This material feels soft.
定语: 修饰限定名词
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征
形/名/代/ 数/to do/doing/done/介短/定从
1. She is a pretty girl. 2. He thought of many ways to learn English. 3. The girl standing there is my sister. 4. a developed country/ The gift bought by my mother is expensive. 5. They are putting up a wall newspaper. 6. The interests of the people人民的利益
谓语动词、非谓语动词vs时态、语态
谓语动词、非谓语动词 vs时态、语态四级语法讲义一:时态:所谓的"时态",就是时间+状态。
谓语动词的时态见下表:过去现在将来过去将来一般 did do will/shall do should/woulddo 进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing / 完成had done have/has done will/shall have should/woulddone have done用于虚拟语气完成进行 had been doing have/has been / /doing1(主动形式过去现在将来过去将来一般 was/were given am/is/are givenwill/shall be given should/wouldbe given 进行 was/were being am/is/are being / /given given完成 had been given have/has been will/shall have should/wouldgiven been given have beengiven 完成进行 / / / 2(被动形式, CET-4 常考的三种时态:过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进行时。
, 时间状语从句当中的时态:一般过去时所有的过去用一般现在时表示现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成一(非谓语动词一(不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1) 一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能: 表示与谓语动词同步发生2) 完成形式:He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前二)不定式常考的考点:1)不定式做定语----将要发生2)不定式做状语----目的3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do 表示动作的完整性,真实性;+ doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
谓语动词的时态(讲解与练习)
英语的时态(讲与练)(一)谓语动词的形式:英语的时态是通过谓语动词的变化来体现的。
因此,了解谓语动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。
英语的实义动词有以下五种形式:(1) 动词原形:动词原形在句子中形式不变。
主要用于主语为第一、二人称的一般现在时,情态动词之后,或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。
(2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式(简称现单三):主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。
(3) 过去式:主要用于一般过去时。
(4) 现在分词:主要用于进行时态。
(5) 过去分词:主要用于完成时态,或被动语态。
谓语动词一般现在时第三人称单数(现单三)的构成,见下表:!不规则动词的过去式和过去分词有其特殊变化形式,需要个别记忆,课本后页有详细完整的不规则动词表。
(二)谓语动词的时态:“时态”就是通过谓语动词的形态变化,来表达动作发生的时间(现在、过去、将来、过去将来)及所处的状态(一般、进行、完成、完成进行)。
1、一般现在时(1)构成:通常以动词原形表示。
主语为第三人称单数时,用单三形式。
—(2)用法:1)表示现状、性质、状态和经常的或习惯性的动作。
He has an uncle.他有个叔叔。
Autumn follows summer.夏天之后是秋天。
这些动词可与often, usually, always, sometimes, every day, once a week, on Sundays, never 等表示经常性或习惯性的时间状语连用。
例如:Do you often go to the cinema 你经常去看电影吗Tom does not study as hard as Jane. 汤姆在学习方面不如简努力。
My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.我父亲从来不坐公共汽车,他走着去上班。
2)表示客观现实或普遍真理。
The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
高中英语语法必备之谓语动词的时态和语态详解
高中英语动词的时态语态详解在英语中,句子不仅有时间状语说明动作发生的时间,其谓语动词本身也有形式的变化来指示时间,这种表明谓语动词发生时间的动词形式称为时态。
语态是表现主语和谓语关系的另一种动词形式。
一动词的时态一般说来,发生在现在的事情用现在的时态进行描述;发生在过去的事情用过去的时态进行描述;将要发生的事情用将来的时态进行描述。
英语中的时态共计16种,但常用的有11种。
(以动词do 为例)1.一般现在时(do/does);2.一般过去时(did);3.一般将来时( will do/ shall do);4.一般过去将来时( would do/should do);5.现在进行时( am/is/are doing);6.过去进行时(was/were doing);7.将来进行时( will/shall be doing);8.现在完成时(have/has done);9.过去完成时( had done);10.将来完成时( will/shall have done);11.现在完成进行时( have/has been doing);1.一般现在时(1)一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的性质、动作或状态的时态常用时间状语:sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom,every day / night / week / month / year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night(2)表示经常发生的动作,习惯性的动作或存在的状态I usually get up at four every morning when it’s still dark.He always goes to work late,which makes his boss angry and disappointed.(3)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实及自然现象The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man.Trees turn green in spring. Liquid turns into gas when it is hot enough.(4)表示格言或警句中Pride goes before a fall.Knowledge is power.Practice makes perfect.(5)一般现在时表将来表示已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排,并且一定要做的事情。
关于英语谓语的现在过去将来
关于英语谓语的现在过去将来英语的谓语动词有三种基本时态:现在时、过去时和将来时。
1. 现在时:表示现在正在进行或存在的动作或状态。
现在时包括一般现在时、现在进行时和现在完成时。
- 一般现在时:用于表示习惯性、真理、事实等。
例如:I walk to school every day.(我每天步行去学校。
)- 现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作。
例如:He is reading a book.(他正在读书。
)- 现在完成时:表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果。
例如:She has finished her homework.(她已经完成了她的家庭作业。
)2. 过去时:表示过去发生的动作或状态。
过去时包括一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时。
- 一般过去时:用于表示过去发生的动作或状态。
例如:I watched a movie yesterday.(我昨天看了一部电影。
)- 过去进行时:表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
例如:He was playing football at four o'clock yesterday.(昨天四点他正在踢足球。
)- 过去完成时:表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
例如:She had learned English before she came to America.(她来美国之前已经学过英语了。
)3. 将来时:表示将来要发生的动作或状态。
将来时包括一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时。
- 一般将来时:用于表示将来要发生的动作或状态。
例如:I will go to the park tomorrow.(我明天将去公园。
)- 将来进行时:表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作。
例如:He will be studying at universitynext year.(他明年将在大学学习。
)- 将来完成时:表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
例如:She will have finished the project by the end of this month.(她将在本月底之前完成这个项目。
谓语动词的时态和语态讲义 高考英语复习
谓语动词的时态和语态在英语中是如何表示谓语的时态、语态和语气呢?显然,只有动词或短语动词本身是不具备这个能力的。
只有将不同的助动词和动词或短语动词构成不同的组合,才能够表示出谓语不同的时态、语态和语气,因此我们在阅读和写作的时候,都需要牢记这一点。
时态和语态的基本概念和要求时态其实包含两个概念,那就是时和体。
时:现在、过去、将来、过去将来现在:所有现在时态都是以现在时间作为参照时间的,要求谓语中的第一个词(助动词或动词和短语动词)都需要使用其现在式,及动词原形或单三形式。
过去:所有过去时态都是以过去时间作为参照时间的,要求谓语中的第一个词使用其过去式。
将来:所有将来时态都是以将来时间作为参照时间的,要求谓语中的第一个词是shall或will(后跟动词原形)。
过去将来:所有过去将来时态都是表示从过去某个时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,要求谓语中的第一个词是should或would(后跟动词原形)。
体:一般、进行、完成、完成进行一般:一般体就是指谓语所表示的动作是发生在某时间或是某时间的一个习惯性动作,只需遵守时对动词组合的要求即可。
进行:进行体表示某时间点正在进行的动作或某时间段反复进行的动作(现在进行时和过去进行时偶尔可表示现在或过去打算做的或即将发生的事情),要求必须有助动词be+V-ing(现在分词)。
完成:完成体表示某时间之前就完成的动作或从某时间之前开始一直延续到该时间的动作,要求必须有助动词have+V-ed(过去分词)。
完成进行:完成进行体就是完成和进行的结合,表示某时间之前就开始,一直延续到该时间,且从该时间来看,可能刚刚停止,可能要继续下去的动作。
要求必须有助动词have +been+V-ing(现在分词)。
语态:主动语态、被动语态主动语态:表示SV结构中主语是谓语所表示动作的执行者。
谓语的动词组合只遵守时态的要求即可。
被动语态:表示SV结构中主语是谓语所表示动作的承受者。
谓语的动词组合中必须以“助动词be的某个形式+过去分词”结束。
第5讲 谓语动词的时态语态与主谓一致 课件 2022-2023学年高一英语初高中英语衔接
练习 1.The festival traditionally ___b_e_gi_n_s___(begin) on the first day of the first month in the Chinese calendar and ends with Lantern Festival which is on the fifth day. 2.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷·65) Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ____re_c_o_m_m_e_n_d_e_d(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 3.He __w_il_l _a_tt_e_n_d_(attend) an important meeting next Saturday. 4.If their marketing plans succeed, they ___w_il_l _in_c_re_a_s_e__(increase)their sales by 20 percent. 5.He said that he__w_o_u_ld_c_o_m_e_ (come) back in five minutes.
past
now
future
He will be back in a few days. Where shall we meet the day after tomorrow? We are going to have a class meeting next Monday. I will/ shall return you the book as soon as possible. Look at the clouds. It is going to rain. I am about to close the door when the telephone rings. You are to succeed.
2019年高考英语全国卷语法填空题中对动词的考查
8. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ajoke.
Keys: 5. being 6. declared; to retire 7. have made 8. saying
全国Ⅲ卷 9. On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. 10. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 11. On the last day of our week -long stay, we 69 ( invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. Keys: 9. to get 10. recommended 11. were invited; listening 既然对动词的考查占这么大的比重, 那么, 我们要怎样 来解决相关的问题呢? 二、 解题思路 要填出这些动词的正确的形式, 首先得区分谓语动词和 非谓语动词。 凡是句子都有谓语, 所以我们先找句中的谓语。 谓语动词 Step 1 确定句中是否缺谓语或并列谓语, 如缺谓语动词, 则需填谓语动词。 Step 2 若需填谓语动词, 就要看主语与谓语之间是主动 关系还是被动关系, 以确定用主动语态还是被动语态, 同时 还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。 Step 3 要注意主谓一致。 [例 1] I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. 分析: 主语 I 后还没有别的谓语动词, 故 make 是谓语动 词; 又由 over the years 可知, 用现在完成时, 故填 have made。
语法讲座 (谓语动词的时态与语态)
完成 have / has done
had done
shall / will have done should/would have done
完成 have/has been had been doing shall/will have been should/would have been
进行
doing
语法讲座 谓语动词的时态与语态
高考要求
⒈ 通过上下文或所设定的语境,正确判断和运用各种时态;
⒉ 在书面表达中能根据动作发生的时间关系,正确使用动词时态;
⒊ 根据主语与谓语的逻辑关系,正确判断和运用主动语态和被动语态。
尽管时态有十六种,但常用的是:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时, 现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,现在完 成进行时,过去将来时。
⑵表示临时性的决定。 “Tom is ill and now in hospital.” “Really? I’ll see him.”
⑶三类表示一般将来时的特殊结构: ① “be going to do sth.” 表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。 He is going to make a speech on TV this evening. Look at the dark clouds. It’s going to rain. ② “be to do sth.” 表示按计划或安排即将要做某事,或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做 某事。 As a citizen, you are to report it to the police. ③ “be about to do sth.” 表示即将要发生某事。该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用。 The train is about to leave.
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谓语动词的时态和语态一.谓语的概念谓语动词指在句子中充当谓语的动词,有行为动词,系动词,情态动词和助动词等几种,其中行为动词又包括及物动词和不及物动词。
谓语成分就是用来说明主语的动作或状态的,一般由动词或动词短语承担。
如果句子中没有动词充当谓语的时候,就使用“be”动词。
Tom’s garden is beautiful.My aunt always looks young.He cannot swim.Some women are washing clothes by the river.I have got a new job.We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.The rabbit was shot dead.They will be invited to attend the meeting.The child opened his eyes, looking at his mother for a while.No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.谓语动词的时态时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。
英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时.表二、各种时态常用的时间状语一般现在时(the simple present tense )1. 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语:every…, sometimes, on Sunday sI leave home for school at 7 every morning.He sometimes stays in bed until lunch time.My mother never comes to see me. They often listen to the radio in bed.Mike usually goes to bed at 10 o’clock. Our teacher frequently checks our homework.2. 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun. Laziness results in poverty.London stands on the Thames. Reading broadens one’s horizon.3. 表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情,下列动词:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes.4. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句,如果主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时来表示将来。
If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. I'll let you know as soon as he arrives.即时练:用括号中词语的正确形式填空AThe Sawyers live at 87 King Street. In the morning, Mr. Sawyer 1__________ (go) to work and the children go to school. Their father 2__________ (take) them to school every day. Mrs. Sawyer 3__________ (stay) at home every day. She 4__________ (do) the housework. She always 5__________ (eat) her lunch at noon. In the afternoon, she usually 6__________ (see)her friends. They often 7__________ (drink)tea together. In the evening, the children 8__________ (come) home from school. They arrive home early. Mr. Sawyer 9__________ (come) home from work. He 10__________ (arrive) home late. At night, the children always do their homework. Then they 11__________ (go)to bed. Mr. Sawyer usually 12__________ (read) his newspaper, but sometimes he and his wife 13__________ (watch)television.BI carried my bag into the hall.“What are you doing?” my landlady 1__________(ask).“I am leaving, Mrs. Linch,” I answered.“Why are you leaving?” she asked. “You have been here only a week.”“A week 2__________(be) too long, Mrs. Linch,” I said. “There 3__________(be) too many rules in this house. My friends never 4__________(come) to visit me. Dinner 5________(be) always at seven o’clock, so I frequently 6__________ (go) to bed hungry. You 7__________(not like) noise, so I rarely 8 __________(listen) to the radio. The heating 9__________(not work), so I always 10 __________(feel) cold. This is a terrible place for a man like me. Goodbye, Mrs. Linch.”一般过去时(the simple past tense )一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
1. 在特定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有:just now, yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Yesterday, he wrote a very formal letter of apology to Douglas.I borrowed three books from the library last week.2. 表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the yard of my house.Wherever the Browns went, they were given a warm welcome.3. 一般过去时在特殊句型中的应用:1)It is high time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了""早该……了"It is high time that you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。
It is high time that you started to work. 你该动工了。
2) would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'I would rather you knew that now than afterwards. 与其以后让你知道,不如现在就让你知道。
I would rather you saw me off at the airport tomorrow. 我但愿你明天来机场送我。
3) I wish that…(与现在事实相反)I wish this book was written in bigger characters. 我希望这本书的字再大一点儿。
I wish I knew all about this matter. 这件事我要是全知道就好了I wish you would come back to Washington with us, but that's for you to decide.我希望你能和我们一起回华盛顿,但是这由你决定。
4)If…(与现在事实相反)If you knew English, you could get a job easily. 如果你懂得英语,你就能容易地找到一份工作。
If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的。
即时练CPostcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I 1__________(go) to Italy. I 2__________(visit) museums and 3__________(sit) in public gardens. A friendly waiter 4__________(teach) me a few words of Italian. Then he5__________(lend) me a book. I 6__________(read) a few lines, but I 7__________ (not understand) a word. Everyday I 8__________(think) about postcards. My holidays 9__________(pass) quickly, but I 10__________ (not send) cards to my friends. On the last day I 11__________(make) a big decision. I 12__________(get) up early and 13__________(buy) thirty-seven cards. I 14__________(spend) the whole day in my room, but I 15__________( not write) a single card!DIn order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise, our school 1__________ (organize) a mountain-climbing last Sunday. Hundreds of us 2__________ (take) part in it.It 3__________ (be) a nice day.At 8:00 am,we 4__________ (gather) at the foot of Daqing Moutain and set out for the top in high spirits.All the way we were chatting,singing and laughing,enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.When some 5__________ (fall) behind,others would come and offer help.About 2 hours later,we all 6__________ (reach) the top.Bathed in sunshine,we jumped and 7__________ (cheer) with joy.The activity 8__________ (benefit) us a lot.Not only 9__________ (do) it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work,it also promoted the friendship among us.What a wonderful time we 10__________ (have)!概念:现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作。