接v-ing动词及短语小结
V-ing的用法
There
is no sense in doing 做、、、没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干、、、无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比、、、更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干、、、无意义 我们不知道要去哪儿。 There was no knowing where we would go. 做这件傻事毫无意义。 There is no point doing such a silly thing.
注意：There
is no need to do sth 干、、、 没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为doing.. 没有必要告诉她。 There is no need to tell her. 注意：-ing的逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词 和名词所有格构成。 我姐姐病了，使我很担心。 My sister's being ill made we worried. 你正确未必就意味着我错了。 Your being right doesn't necessarily mean my being wrong.
appearance.
五、-ing形式作定语 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修 饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者 的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者 的动作或状态。如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料
注意：-ing与不定式的比较： -ing表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则 通常表示具体的动作。
我喜欢看书，但是我现在想看电影。 I like reading ，but now I like to see a film .
Ving形式用法及记忆方法
Ving形式用法在句中用主、宾、表、定、状、宾补。
不能单独作谓语。
1．作主语。
Playing with fire is dangerous.( 一般或多次反复的，经常性的动作)To play with fire will be dangerous. (具体的或一次性，临时性的动作)常用I t’s + no use ( help / good/ harm/a waste of time )+ VingI t’s + adj.(easy / important..) +to doIt’s not easy to learn English well. It’s no good smoking2.作宾语。
I like swimming, ( 经常性或多次反复的动作) but I don’t like to swim today. (临时性或一次性的动作)(1)V + do 原形听(hear ,listen to )观(see ,look , notice , watch,observe ) 感( feel )使(make ,have)让(let )帮(help) Let’s go home.(2) V + doing .他承认（admit）情不自禁(can’t help)想(miss ,imagine，fancy)建议(advise)，为了避免(avoid,escape)迈迪mind开始(start/ begin)否认(deny)更喜欢(prefer , like ,enjoy. feel like, be fond of )保存(keep )冒险(risk)延误(delay)完成(finish)的练习(practise)，是值得(be worth)花时间(spend)考虑的( consider)。
Do you mind opening the door.(3) V + sb + to do / V + doing允许(allow , permit )建议(advise，recommend)禁止(forbid)鼓励(encourage)We don’t allow smoking. We don’t allow you to smoke.(4) V + to do (未发生) / V + doing（已发生）他开始(start,begin)继续(go ,continue)不停(stop)地打算(mean)尝试(try)忘(forget)记(remember)过去后悔(regret)的，不讨(hate)人喜欢(like)的东西。
动词ing用法归类总结好
英语动词i n g用法归类总结动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词;-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征,可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语;动词-ing又分为presentparticipleandgerund.动名词：由动词变化而来,一方面仍保留着动词的某些特征,具有动词的某些变化形势,,用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念,另一方面动名词在句中用法及功能与名词类同,在句子中可以做主语、宾语;表语和定语,它可以被副词修饰或者用来支配宾语;的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式;及物动词的-ing还有主动式和被动式,而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动式;现在以及物动词make和不及物动词go为例,将其-ing各种形式列表如下：a.一般式:V-ing1.动词V-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作,没有特别的时间意义;Swimmingisherfavoritesport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动; Learningisimportanttomodernlife. 学习对现代生活很重要;2.动词V-ing形式的一般式可用来表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作;Theywentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.他们有说有笑地走出教室;3.动词V-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作;Irememberedsendinghimane-maillastweek.我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件; HesuggestedtakingmydaughtertothezoothenextSunday.他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园;b.完成式:havingdone1.动词V-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作,这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前;一般在句中作时间或原因状语用;句中的主语是它的逻辑主语,并且是它所表示的动作的执行者,如：Havingansweredtheletter,shewentontoreadanEnglishnovel. Havinglivedinthiscityforthreeyears,sheknowsitverywell. Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination s.因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格;注意：在现代英语中,作宾语的动词V-ing形式的完成式可用一般式来代替;Ireallyregrettedmissingsuchanexcitinglecture.错过了这么振奋人心的演讲,我真的很遗憾;=Irallyregrettedhavingmissedsuchanexcitinglecture. Werememberedseeingthefilm.我们记得看过这部电影;=Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.的被动形式beingdone,表示它的逻辑主语是动词-ing形式表示的动作的承受者;被动语态-ing一般式所表示的动作是一个正在进行中的被动动作,而且这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作同时发生的;它一般在句中作定语或状语用;-ing完成被动式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,在句中一般作状语用;如：Thetruckbeingrepairedthereisours. Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在讨论的问题很重要;Ican’tstandbeingkeptwaiting.我不堪久等; Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在被讨论的问题很重要;Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary. Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.被老师批评以后,他把烟戒了;注意：在need,want,require,beworth等动词短语后,作宾语的-ing常用主动形式来表示被动含义;如：Yourshoesneedcleaning.=Yourshoesneedtobecleaned.你的鞋需要清洗一下了;Thisbookiswellworthreading.这本书很值得一看;的被动形式havingbeendone表示动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生;Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseetheschoollibrary.在被带去看了实验室之后,我们又被带去参观校图书馆;否定形式:not+V-ing Hisnotcomingmadeeveryonepresentverydisappointed.他没来使在场的每个人都很失望;形式的基本用法;1作主语：动名词作主语与不定式作主语在语序位置方面较相似,但在表达意思上有差异;动名词作主语时,它已经将动作名词化了,已把某个动作视为某种活动或是某件事情了,动作意义很弱,比较抽象;而不定式作主语的动作意义较强,多指"要是去做某事",这种动作往往是"要发生的一次性动作",比较具体;例如：Breathingbecamedifficultatthataltitude.在那个海拔高度呼吸变得很困难; ReadingEnglishaloudinthemorningwilldoyoualotofgood.早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处; Cheatingonanexamruinsone'scharacter.考试作弊毁坏人的性格;Ittakesmetenminutestogethomefrommyoffice.我从办公室回家要花十分钟;Itneedstimetomakethreecopiesofit.把它复制三份需要时间;–ing形式作主语时,如果其结构较长,可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的-ing后置;如：Itisn’tmuchgoodwritingtothemagain.It’snousewaitinghere.动名词作主语时,也常用"Itis…"和"Thereis…"两种句型; "Itis…"的句型常用于说明"某种活动或是某件事情是如何,如何";强调事物的性质、特征等;常用于Itis后面的词有：nogood,nouse,useless,awaste,worthwhile,dangerous等等;句型"Thereis…"往往用于说明"不允许、禁止某种活动或是某件事情发生或存在";类似一种建议、命令等;例如：Itisnousewaitingforhimanylonger.等他是没有用的; Itisnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.学而不实践是没好处的; Itisdangeroususingthismethodtomeasurethespeedoflight.用这种方法去测量光速是危险的; Itisworthwhileconsultingyourtutoraboutitagain.很值得再向你的指导老师咨询一下这个问题; Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.这种事开不得玩笑; ThereisnodenyingthefactthatChinahasmadearapidprogressinev eryaspectsinceitwasfounded.不能否认这个事实,中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展;Thereisnolitteringabout.不许乱扔杂物;注意以下几种结构：1．There’snotellingwhatwillhappen.=It’simpossibletotellwhatwillhappen.=Noonecantellwhatwillhappen.2．It’snousetalkingwithhim.It’snogoodspeakingtothemlikethat.3．There’ssomedifficultyindoing…在此句型中,difficulty可以由以下单词替换:trouble,problem,fun,pleasure,agoodtime,ahardtime2作表语：动词-ing作表语表示主语所处的状态;动名词作表语主要说明"主语是做什么的、或是怎么回事",动作意义弱,较抽象；而现在分词作表语则主要是表示"主语的性质、特征等"；不定式作表语却主要说明或解释"主语要去做什么事",它比动名词更为具体,动作意义更强;例如：Herjobiswashingandcooking.=Washingandcookingisherjob. Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.=Collectingstampsismyhobby. Therealquestionisgettingtoknowtheneedsofthepeople.真正的问题是了解人民的需要;Hispart-timejobispromotingnewproductsforthecompany.动名词他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品;Readingisforsurelearning,butapplyingisalsolearningtoagrea terextent.动名词读书当然是学习,然而运用在很大程度上更是学习; Theirtaskisexploringoilminesinthewest.动名词他们的任务是在西部探查油矿; Thesituationisverymuchencouraging.现在分词形势非常令人鼓舞;Thestoryismoving.这个故事令人感动; Hispresentjobisnotthatstimulatingasheexpected.现在分词他现在的工作并不是那么有刺激性;动名词作表语可以与主语交换,而意思不改变,现在分词作表语时则不可以与主语交换,因为现在分词仍然表动作,所以在它前面仍然可以使用very等副词修饰,现在分词有“令人……”的意思;注意：动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区别：动词-ing形式作表语表示主语的状态,特征；进行时态表示正在发生的动作;是比较：HisjobisteachingEnglish.他的工作是教英语;说明工作的内容,表语Hisjobisinteresting.他的工作很有趣;说明工作的特征,表语HeisteachingJapaneseatthatschool.他在那所学校教日语;现在进行时3作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语;a.常见的用动名词作宾语的及物动词：avoid避免,admit承认,allow允许,cease停止,consider考虑,deny抵赖,否认,keep,miss,consider,permit,forbid,appreciate感激,delay 拖延,postpone推迟,enjoy喜欢,endure忍受,escape逃离,excuse 原谅,finish完成,imagine想象,mind介意、反对,miss错过,need 需要表被动时,want需要表被动时require需要表被动时,practice练习,risk冒险,stop停止做某事,suggest建议,can'thelp忍不住,giveup放弃,keepon继续,leaveoff结束、省去,putoff推迟bebusy,beworth,feellike,can'tstand,thinkof,dreamof,befond of,prevent…from,keep…from,stop…from,protect…from,seta bout,beengagedin,spend…in,succeedin,beusedto习惯于,lookforwardto,objectto,payattentionto,insiston,feellik e,getdownto,leadto,bedevotedto,devoteoneselfto,bededicate dto等;例如：Shelikesdrawingverymuch. Hemanagedtoescapesufferingfromthedisease.他设法避免患那种疾病;Afterhearingthefunnystory,allofuscouldn'thelplaughingeart oear.听完了那个滑稽故事,我们忍不住大笑了; Excusemyinterruptingyouforawhile.请原谅我打扰你一会儿; ProfessorSmithconsideredgivinghisstudentsareadinglistbefo retheystartedthenextchapter.史密斯教授考虑在学生们学习下一章之前给他们一份读书清单; Whenhecamebackhomefromhisnightshift,Jasontriedtoavoidwake ninghisfamily当杰逊下夜班回到家时,他尽力不弄醒他的家人; Thesuspectdeniedturningonthecomputerintheofficethatnight.犯罪嫌疑人否认他那晚开过办公室的电脑; Theofficeneedscleaningthoroughly.=…tobecleanedthoroughly .这间办公室需要彻底打扫; Therosesinyourgardenwantwatering.=…tobewatered.你花园里的玫瑰需要浇水;为了方便记忆,现总结一些技巧和口诀：1．通常只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词或动词短语：建议抵制享受——suggest,advise；resist；enjoy考虑承认冒险——consider；admit；risk避免推迟实践——avoid；delay；practise期待成功完成——lookforwardto；succeedin；finishb.有些及物动词后既可用动名词作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,两种结构在意义上差别不大;常见的有：attempt打算,begin开始,can'tafford付不起,can'tbear无法容忍,continue继续,deserve值得,hate不喜欢,intend打算,like喜欢,love爱,neglect忽略,prefer宁愿,propose提议等;例如：Doyoupreferstrollingoutsideorstayinginsidetostrolloutside ortostayinside你是想在外面散步,还是想呆在室内Ican'taffordwatchingtowatchthegamethroughtotheendbecauseI shouldbeatworkinthirtyminutes.这场比赛我是看不完了,因为半小时后我要上班; Ilikeplayingtoplaychesswithyou,butnottoday.我喜欢和你下棋,但不是今天; WhendidyoubeginlearningtolearnEnglish你什么时候开始学英文的Mariaintendedvisitingtovisitherparentslastweekend,butshec aughtbysomethingelse.上周末,玛莉娅曾打算去看她的父母亲,但却因其他的事而脱不开身;`C.有些及物动词后也是既可用动名词作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,但是两种结构在意义上存在一定的差别：在like,love,hate,prefer等词后,若表示强调"某种爱好、一般性的倾向",需用动名词作宾语；如指某次将发生的具体行为,则多用不定式作宾语;例如：Shelikesdancingmorethansinging.她喜欢跳舞胜过唱歌; Shelikestogodancingwithhercolleaguesthisweekend.这个周末她想和同事一块儿去跳舞;Menoftenhategoingwindow-shopping.男人通常不爱逛商店; Davishatestotalkaboutthattopicatnextmeeting.戴维斯不想在下次会议上谈那个话题; Sheprefersswimmingtorunning.她喜欢游泳而不喜欢跑步;; Shepreferstogoswimmingthisafternoon.今天下午她要去游泳;在remember,forget,regret后面,接动名词表示"已发生过的动作"；接不定式表示"现在发生或将要发生的动作";例如：Irememberhavingpostedthelettertoday.我记得今天把那封信发出去了;I'llremembertoposttheletterforyou.我会记得帮你将信发出去的;Iregretnottellingherthetruthbeforesheleft.我后悔在她离开前告诉她实情;IregrettosayIamnotpreparedwellenoughforthenewpost.很遗憾地说,我还没有为新的职位作好充分的准备;在begin,start,和cease之后,接动名词表示"强调有意识地开始或停止某动作"；不定式则表示"自然、突然地发生的动作";例如：Shebeganlearningtocookbeforehermarriage.她是婚前开始学烧饭的;Itbegantosnowyesterday.昨天开始下雪了; Theystarteddevelopingthenewproductin1999.1999年他们开始研制那种新产品; Nosoonerhadwearrivedhomethanitstartedtorainheavily.我们刚一到家就下起大雨来了; Heceasedsmokingwhenhegotsomethingwrongwithhislung.当他的肺部出了毛病时,他停止吸烟了; Electronicgamesceasedtointerestedhimafterhebegantowork.他参加工作以后,电子游戏不再使他感兴趣了;stop后接动名词表示"要停止动名词表示的动作",而后接不定式则表示"终止目前的动作去做不定式表示的动作"；try后接动名词表示"试着干某事",而后接不定式则表示"尽力干某事";例如：Stoptalkingplease.终止"讲话"的动作请不要讲话了;Let'sstoptotakeabreak.开始"休息"的动作让我们停下来休息一会儿;Theboytriedinstallinghiscomputerandsucceedatlast.试着"安装"那个男孩试着安装他的电脑,最后成功了;I'lltrytofinishthecompositionofthebookbyOctober.尽力"完成"我要尽力在十月以前完成这本书的写作;trytodosomething与managetodosomething的区别,前者表示尽力去做并不一定成功,而后者则表示成功了;d.动名词作介词的宾语,并与介词一起构成介词短语在句子里担当定语、状语、表语,如：I'mlookingforwardtoyourcomingnexttime.作状语我期待着您下一次的到来; OnhearingourdelegationinSydneyhadwon28goldmedals,alltheCh inesepeoplecheeredupwithgreatjoyandshowedtheirgreatrespec tstoourathletes.作状语当听到我国在悉尼的奥运代表团获得了28块金牌时,全中国人民都高兴地欢呼起来,并向我们的运动健儿们表示崇高的敬意; Thesimplestkindofadvertisingistheclassifiedad.作定语最简单的广告是分类广告; Theyareagainstusingsomanyanimalsinexperiments.作表语他们反对用如此多的动物去做试验;另外,在说明"动名词的动作状态"方面,我们有一般式和完成式;当我们要强调说明"动名词动作"发生于"谓语动作"之前时,多用动名词的完成式；如果无意具体说明"动名词动作"发生于什么时候,或是"动名词动作"与"谓语动作"是同时发生时,就只用动名词的一般式;例如：Heisfondofwatchingsports-games.一般式他喜欢观看体育竞赛; Shelikesmakingherselfbusyalltheday.一般式她喜欢使自己终日忙忙碌碌的; Thesecretarywasscoldedfornothavingfinishedtypingthereport intime.完成式那位秘书因没有按时将报告打印出来而受责备; Iregrethavingsaidsomerudewordstomybrother.完成式我后悔对我弟弟说了些粗话; Wehavenoideaoftheirhavingdonesuchkindofthing完成式我们不知道他们干过这种事情;当然,上面所将的也并不是绝对的;有些动词后或成语中,我们也可用动名词的一般式表示发生于"谓语动作"之前的"动名词动作";例如：Idon'tremembereverseeingheranytime.我不记得曾几何时见过她;Heapologizedforinterruptingus.他因打断了我们的谈话而向我们道歉; Thankyouforofferingmesomuchhelp.感谢你们给我提供了这么多的帮助;当动名词在句子中的逻辑主语在意义上是动名词动作的宾语时,我们应当用动名词的被动形式;"being+过去分词"是动名词被动式的一般形式；"having+been+"是动名词被动式的完成形式;例如：Peoplehatebeingpraisedfornothing.人们不喜欢无缘无故的赞扬;Theproblemisfarfrombeingsolved.这问题远没得到解决; Hisbeingelectedourchairmanmadeusthinkofalot.他当选为我们的主席使我们想起了许多许多;Shedidn'tmindbeingleftaloneathome.她不介意被一人留在家里; Afterhavingbeentreatedinthespecialway,hecoulddealwithever ythingaroundhimsmoothly.他接受了特殊化的训练后,能顺利地对付他周围的一切;Hecan'trememberhavingbeenscoldedbyhisbossforthatmatter.他不记得老板曾为那件事责备过他;但是在很多情况下,我们常用动名词的一般被动形式；避免使用动名词被动式的完成形式,因为它会使句子显得累赘;最后,还有一点值得我们注意：want需要,need需要,deserve值得,require需要beworth值得等词后,我们用动名词的主动形式表达被动意思;例如：Yourcarneedsfilling.你这车要充气了; Thiscitydeservesvisiting.这座城市值得光顾一下; Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.这个问题需要认真研究;Thetreeswantwatering.这些树需要浇水了; Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读;既能接不定式,又能接动词-ing形式,但意思不同的动词或词组：即“四'记’”“尽力”“停止后悔”;四“记”指“记得、记住remember”；“忘记forget”“计划、打算mean”；“继续goon”；尽力指“try”；“停止”“后悔”指stop与regret;②do+限定词my,some,any,the等+-ing,表示“做…事”之意,如：③作介词的宾语：Hersisterisgoodatlearningphysics.；④作形容词worth,busy等的宾语：Thisbookiswellworthreading.–ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时,要用it作为形式宾语,而将作宾语的-ing后置,如：Wefounditnogoodtalkinglikethat. Doyouthinkitnecessarytryingagain4作定语：动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍,因为多数情况仅限于单个的动名词作定语;这种情况与单个的现在分词作定语有较大的区别：单个的动名词作定语主要是说明被修饰词的用途等；而单个的现在分词作定语则主要是表示被修饰词正在做什么;请看下面的比较：swimmingpool游泳池thepoolforswimmingworkingpeople劳动人民thepeoplewhoareworking readingmaterial阅读材料sleepingchild熟睡孩子walkingstick手杖floatingneedle浮针openingspeech开幕词oppressingclass压迫阶级listeningaid助听器developingcountries发展中国家waitingroom候车室runningwater自来水Thesleepingchildisonlyfiveyearsold. Doyouknowthemanstandingatthegate注：-ing形式作定语用时,如果-ing只是一个单词,就位于其修饰的名词之前,如果是-ing短语,就位于其修饰的名词之后,-ing 作定语时,被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语;另外,-ing作定语用时,其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的,如果不是同时进行的,就不能用-ing作定语,要使用定语从句,如：ThegirlwhowrotealetterthereyesterdaycanspeakEnglishver ywell.5作宾语补足语：下列动词可接v-ingform作宾语的补足语;a.感官动词,使役动词：feel,hear,lookat,listento,notice,observe,see,watch,have,m ake可接-ingform作宾语的补足语;如：Iheardhersinginginthenextdoor 当时我听见她在隔壁唱歌吗Iwatchedthemplayingvolleyballontheplayingground.我观看他们在操场上打排球;Don’thaveyourgueststandingthereandaskhimtositdown.不要让客人站在那里,请他入坐;b.动词find,get,keep,leave,send,suggest可接v-ingform作宾语的补足语;如：Ifoundthemissingboyplayingbytheriver.我发现那个失踪的男孩在河边玩;Wecanseesteamrisingfromthewetclothes.注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时,句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语,可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,keep等;6作状语：V-ingform在句子中做状语,表示谓语动词所发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、目的、程度和结果;如：a.作时间状语Havingcleanedthehouse,shewentontohelphermotherpickapples.把房子打扫后,她又继续帮助母亲摘苹果;Havinghadhisbreakfast,hebegantolookforworkagain.吃过早餐后,他又开始去寻找工作;SeeingTom,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofhisbrother.其前一般可加when或while,如：Whencrossingstreet,youmustbecareful.b.作原因状语Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday. NotknowingEnglish,theyfounditverydifficulttocommunicatewi ththepeopleinAmerica.由于不懂英语,他发现在美国跟人们交流很困难;Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.因为不知道他的地址,我不能把这本书送给他;Gettinguplate,hemissedhisearlytrain.由于起床晚了,他没有赶上早班火车;c.作条件状语Livinginapollutedenvironment,peoplemayfallilleasily.如果生活在受污染的环境中,人们很容易生病;Lovingothers,youwillbelovedbyothers.如果你爱他人,你就会得到他人的爱;d.作让步状语Beingatschoolorathome,sheisagoodgirl.不管是在学校还是在家,她都是个好姑娘;Talkingoracting,heisveryhonest.无论是说话还是做事,他都很诚实;e.作方式状语Hewentthereridinghisbike.他骑单车去那里; Theymakemoneysellingfruits.他们靠卖水果挣钱;f.作伴随状语Heusedtosittherethinking.过去他常坐在那里思考; Hewalkedalongtheriversinginginalowvoice.他一边沿着河边走一边低声唱着歌儿;Theystoodthereforhalfanhour,watchingthestarsinthesky.他们在那儿站了半小时,观察着天上的星星;Followingtheoldman,theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly.年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来;g.作目的状语;作目的状语的-ingform一般是表示所从事的活动方面的动词,如：boating,climbing,fishing,hunting,riding,sailing,shopping, shooting,skating,skiing,swimming,walking,washing等; IoftengoshoppingwithmotheronSundays.星期天我常跟妈妈买东西;Willyoupleasegoskatingwithmethisafternoon 今天下午跟我去滑冰好吗h.作程度状语;作程度状语时,常用来修饰形容词或副词;如：Hewascaughtintheheavyrainandgothisclothessoakingwet.他淋了一场大雨,把衣服全部弄湿了; Heworehisthincoatinfreezingcolddaysandfellillsoon.他在冰冷的天还穿着单薄的大衣,不久就病倒了;i.作结果状语Hecutdownthetreesinfrontofhishouse,havingitsroofblownoffb ystrongwind.他把房前的树给砍了,结果大风把房顶刮走了; Hedied,leavinghiswifeandchildrennothingbutgreatdebt.他死了,留给妻子和孩子的只有巨大的债负;另外,V-ing可以和一些介词如in,on,after,against,before,by,for,without,besides等构成短语,在句中作状语;如：Heleftaheadoftimewithoutsayingaword.他一句话也没说就提前离开了;Besidescookingandsewing,shehadtotakecareoffourchildren.除了做饭和缝纫以外,她还要照顾四个孩子; Onhearingthenews,allthepupilsjumpedwithjoy.听到这个消息后,所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来;7作同位语V-ingform作同位语时,位于同位的名词之后,且跟前面的名词用逗号隔开,表示前面名词的内容;如：Hisidea,helpingfarmersgetintheircrops,interestedusverymuc h.他那帮助农民收割庄稼的想法使我们很感兴趣;Thegoal,makingtwothousandcarsthismouth,excitestheworkers.本月生产两千辆小汽车的目标使工人们很兴奋;形式的复合结构;根据句子意思的需要,有时须在-ingform前加上适当的逻辑主语,这种逻辑主语与-ingform一起就构成了-ingform的复合结构;1v-ingform的复合结构形式a.一般说来,v-ingform的复合结构是由形容词性的物主代词或名词的所有格与v-ingform构成;如：HisLiLei’ssinging/writing/paintingattractsmanypeople.他的唱歌/写字/绘画吸引了很多人;b.当-ingform的复合结构作宾语时,v-ingform的复合结构也可用人称代词的宾格或名词的普通格与v-ingform构成;如：Theteachersuggestedus/our/LiLei/LiLei’swaitingforWuDongatthestation.老师建议我们/李蕾在车站等吴东;Doyoumindme/my/LiLei/LiLei’sreadingaloudintheclassroom 我/李蕾在教室里大声朗读你介意吗动词be的v-ing形式的复合结构不管是作主语还是作宾语,它的复合结构都必须是形容词性物主代词或名词的所有格与v-ingform 构成;如fromHis/Theteacher’sbeingtheremademeverytense.他/老师的在那儿使我非常紧张;c.在therebe/stand/lie/exist结构中,系动词v-ing形式的逻辑主语为：there;而没有主格、宾格之分;Ididn’tentertheroombecauseoftherebeingtoomanypeopleinit.由于房间里有很多人,我没有进去;d.当不定代词all,both,each,few,some,this等作动词—ing形式的逻辑主语时,就用它们的普通形式;如：Allglitteringisnotgold.闪光的不都是金子;Idon’tlikethisbeingcookedthisway.我不喜欢这东西这么煮;2V-ing的复合结构的功能：V-ing的复合结构通常由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+V-ing构成,在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格,在句子中可作句子的主语、宾语和表语;a.作主语如：Hisbeingilltroubledhisparents.他的生病给他的父母亲带来了麻烦;Theircomingmadeusveryhappy.他们的到来使我们大家很高兴; Hiscomingmadeusveryhappy.他的到来使我们大家都很高;b.作宾语Wedon’tlikehiscominglate.我们不喜欢他迟到;Idon’tmindhimsingingatnight.我不介意他夜里唱歌;Hewasawakenedbysomeone’sknockingatthedoor.他被某人的敲门声吵醒了;c.作表语Whatmattersmostishisacting.关系最大的是他的行为; Whatsurprisedusmostishisspeaking.使我们最吃惊的是他的发言;的一些惯用法在英语实际交际中,还有一些特殊用法或句型;如：1Therebenodoing=Itisimpossibletodo…;如：Thereisnotellingwhetherhewillkeephiswords.他会不会遵守诺言很难说;2How/Whataboutdoing…=Howdoyoulike…/Whatdoyouthinkof…如：HowabouthikingthisSunday 本周星期天去远足怎么样3ondoing…=assoonas+clause,如：Onhearingthebadnews,thelittlegirlburstoutcrying.一听到这一噩耗,小女孩就大哭了起来;4Therebenoendtodoing…无止境;如：Ifeveryonewantsotherstodancetohismusic,therewillbenoendto fightingintheworld.要是大家都要其它的人来按照他的意志做事,那么世界上就永远没有安宁的日子;5withoutsomuchasdoing=even….not.甚至,连…都没有;如：Hestartedhiscompanywithoutsomuchashavinghisownoffice.他创办公司时连自己的办公室都没有from6losenotimeindoing=begintodo…atonce.立刻做…;如：ThereareveryfewdaysleftforNMT,sowecanlosenotimeinrevising ourlessons.离高考没几天了,我们得抓紧复习我们的功课了;7beuponthepointofdoing…=begoingtodo…即将做…;如：WebelieveourChinaisonthepointofcreatinganewera.我们相信我们中国即将开创一个新时代;8inthehopeofdoing…怀着…希望;如：Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,hewenttoShenzheninthehopeof findingagoodjob.大学毕业以后,他去深圳希望找到一个好的工作;9forthepurposeofdoing…=forthesakeof…为了…;如：Hewentonstudyingabroadforthepurposeofservingthepeoplebett er.他继续去国外深造以便能更好地为人民服务;10comeneardoing…=almostdo…几乎,差一点儿;如：Hecameneardyinginthetrafficaccident.他在那场车祸中差一点丧了命;形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别;一般说来,表示一个比较抽象或泛指的动作时多用-ing形式;表示一个具体某一次的动作时,多用动词不定式,如：,butshedoesntwanttoplayittoday.形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别;-ing形式作定语用时,其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动词同时发生,而动词不定式作定语时,其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后;如：ThegirlwritingalettertherecanspeakEnglishverywell./Ihavet hreeletterstowrite.形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别;1不定式作宾补时,其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后,如：Ihavetoldthemtocomeagaintomorrow.2在see,watch,hear,feel等之后,如果用-ing形式作宾补,表示其动作正在进行中,而用不带to的不定式作宾补时,不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程,如：Ihearhersingingintheroom.我听见她正在屋里唱歌; Ihearhersingintheroom.我听见她在屋里唱过歌;形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别;-ing形式在句作状语表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况,而动词不定式一般式在句中作状语时,一般是作目的或结果状语,如：Notreceivinghisletter,Iwrotetohimagain. Ilookedintothewindowtoseewhatwasgoingoninside.9.巧记“动词＋动名词”结构在英语中,有些及物动词组只能接动名词组或动名词短语作宾语,而不能跟动词不定式;为帮助同学们巧记此类动词组,特介绍如下几种方法：A:喜欢欣赏与嫉妒enjoy/feellikeappreciateenvy注意想象禁不住payattentiontoimaginecan’thelpdoing避免错过建议完成avoidmisssuggestfinish承认冒险否定逃避admitriskdenyescape少延期多练习delay,putoff,postpone,practice忍受原谅不介意bear,stand,forgive,excuse,mind坚持保持不放弃insiston,stickto,keep,giveupB:避免错过少延期avoidmissputoff/postpone建议完成多练习suggestfinishpractise喜欢想象禁不住enjoyimaginecan’thelp承认否定与嫉妒admitdenyenvy逃避冒险莫原谅escaperiskexcuse忍受保持不介意standkeepmindPS:补充一些to后加ing的词组..大纲中所列短语中的"to’为介词：becontraryt0与……相反beopposedto反对beusedt0习惯于resortto诉诸于beaccustomedto习惯于becommittedto委身于withregardto关于contributeto贡献等withaviewto为……起见incontrastto与……成对比照beexposedto／bededicatedto致力=asto关于bedevotedto献身于reactto动词用法巧计动词后只加ing的单词的两种方法对……反应lookforwardto期待。
V-ing形式(短语)用法
V-ing形式（短语）做状语
She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. Being ill, she went home. Having finished their work, they had a rest. Feeling tired, she went to bed early.
problem.
V-ing形式（短语）做宾语
He finished reading the book yesterday. I enjoy learning English. I’m looking forward to seeing you again. She suggested doing it in a different way.
V-ing形式（短语）做主语
Telling a lie got him into a great deal of trouble. Surfing is a popular sport along coastal areas. Seeing is believing. It is no use complaining—it doesn’t help solve the
V-ing形式（短语）做宾补
We heard her singsing in her room. You can see them performing every night this week
at the new theatre. We watch the children diving into the water from the
动词-ing形式小结
动词-ing形式小结动词-ing形式概述v.-ing 形式包括传统语法的现在分词和动名词两部分，像动词不定式一样，它既具有动词时态和语态的特征，又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。
形式的时态、语态V.-ing形式的一般式的构成，表示动作发生在谓语动词动作的同时、之前或之后。
用来泛指动作，没有时间的区分。
Seeking after knowledge is human nature．求知是人的本性。
Travelling abroad can widen one’s outlook．出国旅游会扩大人们的视野。
Eating too much chocolate is bad for your teeth．吃太多的巧克力对你的牙齿有害。
My favourite sport is playing table tennis．我最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。
行为与主要动作同时发生，表示伴随。
The students came into the classroom laughing and talking．学生们又说又笑地走进了教室。
As she saw me，she came over smiling．她看到我时，笑容可掬地走过来。
Doing the washing up，Connie was planning her holiday．康妮在洗碗的时刻盘算着怎样度假。
行为在主要动作之前或之后。
Antonio remembered sending his mother an email three times last month．安东尼记得上个月给他母亲发了三次电子邮件．(在前)Mr. Lee went out shutting the door behind him．李先生出去后将门随手关上。
(在后)v.-ing形式的完成式v.-ing形式的完成式由“having + v.-ed 形式”构成，表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
初中英语使用v-ing(doing)的固定用法
使用v-ing(doing)的固定用法一、动名词作动词的宾语1. feel like doing sth2. like/love doing sth.3. enjoy doing sth4. dislike/hate doing sth5. imagine doing sth6. finish doing sth7. practice doing sth8. miss doing sth9. mind doing sth10. try doing sth11. stop doing sth12. forget doing sth13. remember doing sth14. suggest doing sth15. consider doing sth16. continue doing sth17. keep doing sth18. can‟t help doing sth19.can‟t stop doing sth20.(sth) need doing=(sth) need to be done(以上动名词可以换成名词除了：continue with sth/ go on with sth)二、动名词作“动词+介词”短语的宾语1. go on doing sth2. keep on doing sth.3. carry on doing sth4. succeed in doing sth.5. look forward to doing sth.6. pay attention to doing sth.7.devote one‟s life to doing sth8.make contribution to doing sth9.be busy (in) doing sth10. have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.11. have a good time/ have fun (in) doing sth12. spend time/money (in) doing sth13. worry about (not) doing sth14. prevent /stop sb (from) doing sthkeep sb from doing sth.15. do well in doing sth16. give up doing sth17. what about /how about doing sth18. before/after doing sth19. instead of doing sth20. without doing sth21. be charged with doing sth22. dream about doing sth23. insist on doing sth.24. be/get used to doing sth(以上动名词可以换成名词除了：be busy with sth/spend …on sth )三、动名词作“形容词+介词”短语的宾语1. be good/clever at doing sth2. be weak in doing sth3. be crazy about doing sth4. be fond of doing sth.5. be afraid of doing sth.6. be guilty of doing sth.7. be interested in doing sth,8. be satisfied with/ be happy with/be pleased with doing sth9. be proud of doing sth.10. be tired of doing sth（以上动名词可以换成名词）( 其他形容词词组：)be careful with sth be popular with sb be sure of /about sthbe full of =be filled with be thankful to sb=be grateful to sb be friendly/kind/nice to sbbe surprised at四、现在分词作复合宾语的宾语1. see/hear/watch/notice sb doing sth sb be seen/heard/ watched/noticed doing sth2. keep sb doing sth3. feel sb doing sth4. find sb doing sth5. leave sb doing sth6. catch sb doing sth7. have sb doing sth其他：prefer doing sth to doing sthbe worth sth/ doing sth使用动词不定式(to do)的固定用法一、动词不定式作动词的宾语1.like/love to do sth2.dislike/hate to do sth3.hope/wish to do sth4.fail to do sth5.stop to do sth6.want/would like to do sth7. promise (not) to do sth8. decide (not) to do sth9. learn/study to do sth10. agree to do sth11. disagree to do sth12. forget to do sth13. remember do do sth14. prepare to do sth15. plan to do sth16. try to do sth17. (can) afford to do sth18. refuse to do sth19. prefer to do sth20. offer to do sth21. choose to do sth22. need to do sth23. expect to do sth24. can‟t wait to do sth25.help to do sth26. continue to do sth二、动词不定式作词组的其他成分1. seem to do sth2. happen to do sth3. take turns to sth= it‟s one‟s turn to to sth4. take actions to do sth=do something to do sth5. try /do one‟s best to do sth6. have a chance to sth7. have something to do8. have no choice but to wait have nothing to do but wait9. It‟s time to do sth10. wait for sb to do sth11. the way to do sth12. It takes (sb) + time + to do sth13. It costs (sb) + money +to do sth14. used to do sth15.the first/last/second to do sth16.特殊疑问词+ to do sth形容词词组中的的动词不定式1. get/be ready to sth2. be willing to do sth3. be able to do sth4. be glad /happy/ pleased/delightedto do sth5. be afraid to do sth be careful to do sth6. be surprised /amazed to do sth7. be excited to do sth8. be sure to do sth.9. It is + 形容词for /of sb to do sth It is good/better/best/ for you to …11. It is + 名词+ to do sth It‟s fun to do sth It‟s one‟s job/duty/dream to do sth=One‟s job/duty/dream is to do sth12. be + 形容词+ enough + to do sth13. think/find/believe /make it + adj+to do sth三、动词不定式作复合宾语的宾语1. like/love sb to do sth2. dislike /hate sb to do sth3. would / want sb to do sth4. wish sb to do sth5. expect sb to do sth6. need/require sb to do sth7. encourage sb to do sth8. ask sb (not) to do sth9. tell sb ( not) to do sth10. warn sb (not) to do sth11. order sb (not) to do sth12. advise sb ( not) to do sth13. help sb (to) do sth14. allow sb to do sth15. teach sb to do sth16. remind sb to do sth 17. see/hear/watch/notice sb do sth-----sb beseen/heard/watched/noticed to do sth18. make /let/have sb do sth-----sb be made /let/had to do sth使用动词原形( do)的固定用法1. would rather do sth would rather do sth than do sth2. had better (…d better) do sth3.why not do s th=why don‟t you do sth4. will/would you please do sth?5. can/could you please do sth?6. 情态动词后面的动词用原形7. 一般现在时、一般过去时否定结构、疑问结构中的实义动词使用过去分词( done)的固定用法1. have sth done have my bike repaired have my hair cut2. see/watch/hear/notice sb done3. get sth done get the books mixed4. need sth done。
高中英语真题-V-ing形式作主语和宾语
高中英语真题:V-ing形式作主语和宾语一、V-ing形式作主语1. V-ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为，尤其是强调多次性的动作。
如：Reading poems gives me muc h pleasure. 读诗给我带来很多欢乐。
动词不定式作主语常表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作。
如：To go to town this afternoon is necessary. 今天下午进城是必要的。
2. V-ing形式常用于It’s no use (useless) doing, It’s no good doing, There is no doi ng (不可能，不允许)句型中。
如：It’s no use forcing children to learn. 强迫孩子学习是没有用的。
There is no telling what will happen. 未来的事，无法预料。
考例：’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use with h im.A. to argueB. arguingC. arguedD. having argued答案：B。
3. V-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
如：Learning new words is very useful to us. 对我们来说学习生词很重要。
二、V-ing形式作宾语1. 跟V-ing形式作宾语的动词有：spend, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider (考虑), delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practise, risk, suggest 等及feel like, be fond of, what (how) about等固定词组。
V-ing的用法
Ⅱ）注意：及物动词后接非谓语动词作 注意： 宾语时有以下几种情况： 宾语时有以下几种情况： 1．有些动词只能接v-ing形式作宾语， 有些动词只能接v ing形式作宾语 形式作宾语， 不能接不定式。 不能接不定式。如： mind, finish, risk, advise, consider, enjoy, imagine, escape, practise, miss, suggest, prevent, avoid, appreciate，put off, be appreciate， worth, insist on, stick to, give up, look forward to, be proud of, feel like, be good at, be sure of, think of, succeed in, have difficulty in, can’t help 等。
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2. I can hardly imagine Peter ___ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A.sail B.to sail C.sailing D.to have sailed
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3.____ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A.The walk B. Walking C.To walk D.Walk
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3．有些动词后可跟不定式和v-ing 有些动词后可跟不定式和v 形式作宾语，意义差别不大。 形式作宾语，意义差别不大。
1）在like, love, hate, prefer等动词后， prefer等动词后 等动词后， v-ing形式表示经常性、概括性的动作， ing形式表示经常性 概括性的动作， 形式表示经常性、 不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。 不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。 如：
v-ing的用法
v-ing的用法v-ing的用法一．明确概念三大非谓语动词v-ing是什么？主动、进行被动、完成否定式、完成式、被动式、完成被动式、复合结构二．v-ing做主语1.动词做主语要加ing2.没用、没好处、没意义、浪费时间、浪费钱三．v-ing做宾语1.介词后的动词必须加ing2.少数及物动词后接动词时，后面所接的动词加ing避免错过少延期（avoid, miss, delay）建议完成多练习(suggest/advise, finish, practise)喜欢想象禁不住(prefer/enjoy/feel like, imagine, can’t help)承认否定与妒忌(admit, deny, envy)冒险逃脱莫原谅（risk，escape，forgive）忍受保持不介意(bear/stand, keep (on);mind)认真对待需坚持（get down to, stick to/insist on）注意欣赏要考虑（pay attention to, appreciate, consider）四．v-ing做定语可以转化为定语从句五．v-ing做表语区分ing和ed六．v-ing做宾语补足语感官动词、使役动词、想要和with1）感官动词：see hear watch feel notice observe keep find listen to look at2）使役动词：have get catch leave set①Soon they could see the steam rising fro m the wet clothes.②The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.七．v-ing做状语作时间条件原因让步状语事要位于句首且与后面用逗号隔开能转换为一个相应的状语从句作结果方式伴随状语时要位于句尾且与前面用逗号隔开有时也可以不用注意分词作状语时的逻辑主语（即分词动作的发出者）一般要与句中主语保持一致．〔这个是重点是考试和高考的常考点大家必须记住〕1）作时间状语eg. Walking in the street, I saw him.当我在街上走时，我看到他了．2）作条件状语e.g. Working hard, you will succeed.3）作原因状语e.g. Being ill, she stayed at home. 注意being是常用来作原因状语的4）作让步状语e.g. Having failed many times, he didn't lost heart.5）作结果状语e.g. His friend died, leaving him a lot of money,6）作方式状语e.g. Please answer the question using another way.7）作伴随状语可以转化为一个并列句e.g. He is standing there, singingThere was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.①The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.②European football is played in more than 80 countries,making it the most popular sport in the world.③Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful.Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. 我们爬到塔顶后，看到了一片壮丽的景象。
高中-后接v-ing的动词及短语小结
后接v-ing的动词及短语小结1、v.+doingsuggest 建议advise 建议finish完成stop 停止（做某事）can't help 禁不住 mind 介意admit 承认avoid 避免enjoy 喜欢delay 耽误practise 练习 consider 考虑miss 错过escape逃脱 keep 继续 allow 允许feel like 想要like/love喜欢dislike/hate讨厌 begin/start开始2、v．+ sb./sth. doingprevent/keep/stop阻止某人做某事see/notice/hear/observe/listen tocatch抓住某人做某事find发现某人做某事spend 花时间做某事3、to+doing●习惯于get/be used to be accustomed to●期待look forward to●献身于、专注于give one’s life to doing sth contribute oneself to doingdevote sth to doing sth devote oneself to doing sth be devoted to doing sth pay attention to doing sth. apply oneself to doing sth●反对object to doing sth have an objection to be opposed to doing sth●坚持stick to doing sth●开始做某事、认真处理某事get down to doing sth see to doing。
人教版高中英语-语法-V ing用法详解
V-ing 的时态和语态：
主动语态
被动语态
肯定
否定
肯定
否定
一 般 doing 式
完 成 having done 式
not doing
being done
not being done
not having done having been done not having been done
not any use
not any good
useless
+ doing
③ There is no + doing…
易混辨析：
动名词作主语与不定式作主语
一般来说，所作成分相同时，动名词多表一般的、抽象的行为；不定式 一般表一次性、具体的行为。
Delivering newspapers is his job.
他们不喜欢走那么多路。
Prep+doing
look forward to（渴望，盼望） be responsible for（对…负责） think of（考虑，想到） object to（反对，抗议） keep…from（防止，阻止） be engaged in（从事于） excuse…for（因…而道歉） devote…to（献身于） be/get used to（习惯于） be afraid of（害怕） succeed in（成功地做）
这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no littering about.
不许乱扔杂物。
There is no holding back the wheel of history.
V-ing形式做主语和宾语
V-ing 形式做主语和宾语一．V-ing的形式动词的-ing形式在句中可做主语和宾语，起一个名词的作用，我们通常称为“动名词”。
V-ing形式有一般式和完成式。
及物动词的-ing形式还有主动语态和被动语态。
我们以及物动词make和不及物动词go为例，将其v-ing各种形式列之后，用一般式；v-ing形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生，用完成式。
Eg: What worried the child most was not being allowed t o visit his mother in the hospital./ Learning English well is very important to all of us./He was praised for having saved a boy’s life./二．V-ing形式的基本用法1. v-ing做主语1) v-ing形式做主语: 表示抽象的概念，泛指经常性、不具体的动作；通常直接置于句首，谓语动词通常用单数。
Getting up early is a good thing. / Saying without doing is of no use./Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property.财产2）v-ing做主语时，如果其结构较长，可用形式主语it, 而将做主语的v-ing后置。
V-ing形式多为某些形容词和名词，此类句型有：It+ be + a waste of time doing… 做…是浪费时间的/It + is/was no good/ use doing… 做…是没有用的/Eg: It isn’t much good writing to them again./It is no use crying over spilt milk. 腹水难收/注意: 其他常见的能用于该结构的形容词还有: better, wonderful, enjoyable, interesting, foolish, difficult, useless, senseless, worthwhile等3）v-ing形式用于“There be”结构中，此类句型有：There is no doing … 无法，不予许…/ There is no sense doing … 做…没道理/ There is no use doing … 干…没用的/There is/ was nothing worse than doing… 没用比…更糟的了/There is/was no point doing… 干…无意义/4）v-ing的复合结构做主语时，v-ing的逻辑主语要用名词或形容词性物主代词的所有格，通常不用名词的普通格或代词的宾格。
非谓语动词 V-ING用法小结附练习
动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。
v-ing形式的基本用法
v-ing形式的基本用法（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
Talking is easier than doing.–ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。
如：It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.（2）作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。
She likes drawing very much.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。
Mary is thinking of going back to New York.；③do 限定词（my, some, any, the等）-ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon.Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon?④作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics.；⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading.–ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that.Do you think it necessary trying again?（4）作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate?注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing 短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。
动词后接V-ing和todo做宾语的各种情况分类总结
动词后接V-ing和todo做宾语的各种情况分类总结动词之后接非谓语动词to do或doing大致可以分四类，一，只接动词不定式to do；二，只接doing；三，既可以接to do也可以接doing 意义基本相同；四，既可以接to do也可以接doing意义截然不同。
这样记忆更方便。
一. 只接不定式的动词1. want to do sth. 想要做某事2. would like /love to do sth.想要做某事3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事4. help to do sth. 帮助做某事5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事（时间或金钱方面）11. agree to do sth. 做某事12. arrange to do sth.安排做某事13. ask to do sth. 要求做某事14. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事15. care to do sth. 愿意/喜欢做某事16. choose to do sth. 选择做某事17. decide to do sth. 决定做某事18. demand to do sth. 要求做某事19. determine to do sth. 决心做某事(常有被动式be determined to do sth.)20. expect to do sth. 等待做某事(常有被动式be expected to do sth.)21. fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事22. prepare to do sth. 预备做某事23. pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事(pretend to have done sth.假装做过某事/pretend to bedoing sth.假装正在做某事)24. promise to do sth. 答应做某事25. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事二. 只接动名词的动词1. practice doing sth. 练习做某事2. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事3. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事4. finish doing sth. 完成做某事5. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事6. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事8. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事9. risk doing sth. 冒险做事10. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事11. admit doing sth. 承认做某事12. advise doing sth. 建议做某事13. allow doing sth. 允许做某事14. appreciate doing sth. 感谢做某事15. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事16. delay doing sth. 拖延做某事17. deny doing sth. 否认做某事18. discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事19. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事20. escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事21. excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事22. fancy doing sth. 想象/喜爱做某事23. forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事24. mention doing sth. 提及做某事25. mind doing sth. 介意做某事26. miss doing sth. 错过做某事27. permit doing sth. 允许做某事28. prohibit doing sth. 禁止/阻止做某事(=ban doing sth.)三.既可以接不定式也可以接动名词，意义基本相同1，begin doing sth.(开始做某事)begin to do sth.(开始做某事)2,start doing sth.(开始做某事)start to do sth.(开始做某事)3,like doing sth.(喜欢做某事)like to do sth.(喜欢做某事)4,dislike doing sth.(不喜欢做某事)dislike to do sth.(不喜欢做某事)四. 既可接不定式也可接动名词，意义截然不同1. remember to do sth. 记住要做某事（未做）remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做）2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做）forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做）3. regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事（未做）regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做）4. try to do sth. 努力做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事5. mean to do sth. 计划做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事6. can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事7. go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事8. stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情四，感官动词接动词原形do或现在分词V-ing做宾语补语，意义有别，前者表示动作结束，后者表示动作在进行中1. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做过了某事see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事2. watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了某事watch sb. doing dth.观看某人在做某事3. notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人在做某事4. observe sb. do sth. 观察到某人做了某事observe sb. doing sth.观察某人在做某事5， hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做了某事hear sb. doing sth.听见某人在做某事6，feel sb. do sth.(感觉某人做过某事)feel sb. doing sth.(感觉某人正在做某事)五，表示“使或让”三个动词后接省略to的不定式一个动词接to do1. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事2. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事3. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事4.get sb. to do sth.让某人做某事注意：以上感官动词用法灵活，它可以接省去to的不定式即动词原形做宾补也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在表达的时间和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。
V-ing_的用法解析
在语态上，v-ing的主动式表示主动意义，被 动式表示被动意义。如：
He insisted on sending her to hospital. 他坚持要把她送到医院去。
He insisted on being sent to work in the countryside. 他坚持要被派到乡下工作。
done
v-ing形式的基本用法:
动名词在句中起名词的作用，可做 主语，宾语，表语和定语。
现在分词在句中可做定语，状语， 表语和宾语补足语。
V-ing形式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时 发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，用其一般式； v-ing形式表示的动作在主要动作之前发生，用 其完成式。例如：
What worried the child most was not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.
即：allow/ advise/ forbid/ permit + doing
或：allow/ advise/ forbid/ permit + sb. to do
We don’t allow smoking here.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
7） should / would like / love 等后必须用 不定式。
一.v-ing做主语，谓语动词用ting stamps is his hobby. 2)用it 做形式主语，真正的主语——动名 词短语放在后面。常用于下列句式：
It is no use/ no good/ useless/ worthwhile/ dangerous/ a waste of time/ fun 等后需用 动名词做真正的主语。 It’s no use waiting for him any longer. It’s a waste of time arguing about it.
复习动词-ing形式的用法
2. 常跟动词-ing作宾语的动词: suggest, admit, avoid, keep, advocate, mind, practice, risk, quit等。 常跟动词-ing作宾语的的短语: feel like(想要), lead to, be busy, be worth, be addicted to, be accustomed / be used to, subscribe to, object to, pay attention to, look forward to, devote…to, be opposed to, have difficulty/ trouble (in) 等。
help crying. (用分词作状语改写句子) Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
2) While she was playing the piano, she got very excited. (用分词作状语改写句子) Playing the piano, she got very excited.
_I_t _is__u_s_e_le_s_s__d_o_in__g_s_t_h_. 3) 做某事是浪费时间的: I_t_is__a_w__a_s_te__o_f_t_im__e_d_o__in_g__s_th_. 4) 值得做某事：_It_i_s_w__o_rt_h_w__h_il_e_d_o_i_n_g__s_th_._ 5) 做某事毫无意义：_T_h_e_r_e_i_s_n_o__p_o_in__t _d_o_in_g__s_t_h_. 6) There is no joking about such matters.
高中-后接v-ing的动词及短语小结（优秀范文5篇）
高中-后接v-ing的动词及短语小结（优秀范文5篇）第一篇：高中-后接v-ing的动词及短语小结后接v-ing的动词及短语小结1、v.+doing suggest 建议advise 建议finish完成 admit 承认stop 停止（做某事）avoid 避免can't help 禁不住mind 介意enjoy 喜欢miss 错过 feel like 想要delay 耽误practise 练习consider 考虑escape逃脱 keep 继续 allow 允许 like/love喜欢dislike/hate讨厌 begin/start开始2、v．+ sb./sth.doing prevent/keep/stop阻止某人做某事see/notice/hear/observe/listen to catch抓住某人做某事spend 花时间做某事3、to+doing λ习惯于get/be used to be accustomed toλ期待find发现某人做某事look forward to λ献身于、专注于give one’s life to doing sth contribute oneself to doing devote sth to doing sthpay attention to doing sth.λ反对object to doing sth have an objection to be opposed to doing sthλ坚持stick to doing sthλ开始做某事、认真处理某事get down to doing sthsee to doingdevote oneself to doing sthbe devoted to doing sthapply oneself to doing sth第二篇：初中英语动词短语小结初中英语动词短语整理1.break down破坏，出毛病，拆开break off暂停，中断break in破门而入，打断 break in破门而入，突然…起来 break out爆发break away from打破陈规；奋力挣脱；放弃习惯break through 出现，突破 break up打碎，拆散，分裂、分解2.call at a place(车船等)停靠;到某地拜访。
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接v-ing动词及短语小结
1, 在以下这些动词的后面只能接动名词，而不能接动词不定式：suggest 建议finish完成 stop 停止（做某事）can't help 禁不住 mind 介意admit 承认
enjoy 喜欢put off 推迟delay 耽误practise 练习consider 考虑miss 错过
escape逃脱 keep 继续advise 建议
allow 允许 permit 准许 avoid 避免
２，在下列短语之后也常常使用动名词：
insist on 坚持 be interested in 对……感兴趣
be afraid of 对……害怕 be fond of 喜欢
be good at 擅长于…… dream of 梦想
feel like 想要 prevent/keep/stop . . . from 阻止
spend . . . in 在……花费 get/be used to 习惯于
be proud of 感到自豪 be tired of 对……厌倦
look forward to 感到自豪 thank . . . for 因……感谢
excuse . . . for 因……道歉 succeed in 在……成功
depend on 依靠 be suitable for 适合于。