高考英语试题中定语从句与强调句陷阱题分析
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高考英语试题中定语从句与强调句陷阱题分析
金溪一中刘小明
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.
A. which was
B. it was
C. which were
D. them were
【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是high
mountains,around which 是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目(答案均为C):
(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some
fruit shops.
A. which is
B. it is
C. which are
D. them are
(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the
city police station.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a
nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around
_________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand”
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. what
【陷阱】容易误选B,认为around 是介词,选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为:有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显
然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选
C 的理由是:句中的around 不是介词,而是副词,意为“在附近”;其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,句意为:附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤?
3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like.
A. that
B. who
C. as
D. whom
【陷阱】此题容易误选A,许多同学一看到题干中的such,再联系到选项中的that,便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且,这样理解意思也还通顺。
【分析】最佳答案为C,不是A,因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中,that 引导的是结果状语从句,并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分,若在上句填入such … that …,句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下:as 用作关系代词,用以引导定语从句,修饰其前的名词boy,同时as 在定语从句中用作动词
like 的宾语,句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问,假若选A,能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢?不能,因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时,其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导,而不用that。比较下面一题,答案为A,因为like 后有自己的宾语him:
David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him.
A. that
B. who
C. as
D. whom
请再做以下试题(答案选D):
It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us.
A. like
B. that
C. which
D. as
4. The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded
by an angry crowd.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which
【陷阱】容易误选C,用them 代指the buses。
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句,修饰the buses。类似地,以下各题也选D:
(1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50,
000.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which
(2) Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which